Pub Date : 2024-08-11DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2024.2378736
Edith Raap, Katie Lee Weille, Christine Dedding
Objective: The majority of parents with a disabled child experience chronic sorrow, characterized by recurrent feelings of grief and loss related to their child's disability. There is a significant lack of research on parents' lived experiences of chronic sorrow, which limits our ability to understand parents' needs and provide proper support.
Design: Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was conducted based on in-depth interviews with six parents of severely disabled children.
Results: In the literature on chronic sorrow, an important aspect has been consistently overlooked: the particular position of being a parent, experiencing an awareness of being ultimately responsible for their children. The analysis revealed how this awareness, experienced as a deeply felt ethical commitment, unconditional, largely in isolation, and without a limit in time, shaped the experience of chronic sorrow. Because of this awareness, the parents experienced themselves facing a Herculean task of navigating their intricate emotions while struggling to maintain their ability to function.
Conclusions: By revealing the importance of considering the unique parental position, the study enriches the concept of chronic sorrow, simultaneously offering insights into what it means to be a parent of a disabled child. These insights can improve care professionals' responsiveness to parental needs.
{"title":"'It is up to me because I gave him this life' How the awareness of being permanently and unconditionally responsible shapes the experience of chronic sorrow in parents of disabled children.","authors":"Edith Raap, Katie Lee Weille, Christine Dedding","doi":"10.1080/08870446.2024.2378736","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08870446.2024.2378736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The majority of parents with a disabled child experience chronic sorrow, characterized by recurrent feelings of grief and loss related to their child's disability. There is a significant lack of research on parents' lived experiences of chronic sorrow, which limits our ability to understand parents' needs and provide proper support.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was conducted based on in-depth interviews with six parents of severely disabled children.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the literature on chronic sorrow, an important aspect has been consistently overlooked: the particular position of being a parent, experiencing an awareness of being ultimately responsible for their children. The analysis revealed how this awareness, experienced as a deeply felt ethical commitment, unconditional, largely in isolation, and without a limit in time, shaped the experience of chronic sorrow. Because of this awareness, the parents experienced themselves facing a Herculean task of navigating their intricate emotions while struggling to maintain their ability to function.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By revealing the importance of considering the unique parental position, the study enriches the concept of chronic sorrow, simultaneously offering insights into what it means to be a parent of a disabled child. These insights can improve care professionals' responsiveness to parental needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20718,"journal":{"name":"Psychology & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Health-promoting behaviors carry substantial significance for miners' overall health and well-being. This study aimed to examine the association between cumulative risk (CR) and miners' health-promoting behaviors and test the mediating role of health beliefs in this relationship.
Methods: Data were collected from a sequential survey conducted among 712 frontline miners (Mage=41.7 ± 10.1 years) in China. The survey entailed online questionnaire measurements at three distinct time points, each spaced two weeks apart. This study utilized the conceptual model of health-promoting behaviors, the CR model, and structural equation modeling in the analysis of relationships.
Results: CR was negatively related to health-promoting behaviors, with a negative acceleration effect. CR was positively associated with perceived threat in a gradient effect, while negatively associated with perceived benefits in a gradient effect. Furthermore, CR was negatively related to self-efficacy, following a negative acceleration effect. Perceived threat, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy emerged as significant mediators in the relationship between CR and health-promoting behaviors.
Conclusion: This study highlights the critical role of considering both CR and health beliefs in shaping miners' health-promoting behaviors. Understanding these dynamics is pivotal for developing interventions to enhance miners' health and well-being.
{"title":"More is not always better: revealing the impact of cumulative risk on health-promoting behaviors among miners and the mediating role of health beliefs.","authors":"Lulu Wang, Jiaqi Li, Denghui Wang, Xianpeng Liu, Ruipeng Tong","doi":"10.1080/08870446.2024.2388725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2024.2388725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Health-promoting behaviors carry substantial significance for miners' overall health and well-being. This study aimed to examine the association between cumulative risk (CR) and miners' health-promoting behaviors and test the mediating role of health beliefs in this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from a sequential survey conducted among 712 frontline miners (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub>=41.7 ± 10.1 years) in China. The survey entailed online questionnaire measurements at three distinct time points, each spaced two weeks apart. This study utilized the conceptual model of health-promoting behaviors, the CR model, and structural equation modeling in the analysis of relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CR was negatively related to health-promoting behaviors, with a negative acceleration effect. CR was positively associated with perceived threat in a gradient effect, while negatively associated with perceived benefits in a gradient effect. Furthermore, CR was negatively related to self-efficacy, following a negative acceleration effect. Perceived threat, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy emerged as significant mediators in the relationship between CR and health-promoting behaviors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the critical role of considering both CR and health beliefs in shaping miners' health-promoting behaviors. Understanding these dynamics is pivotal for developing interventions to enhance miners' health and well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":20718,"journal":{"name":"Psychology & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141907576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-05DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2024.2387213
Chaofeng Li, Yingying Fan, Dan Chen, Yuwei Wu, Yi Huang, Dan Liu
Objective: A person's marital satisfaction is a strong predictor of their own mental health outcomes. However, marital satisfaction results from both spouses' experiences, so a partner's marital satisfaction also affects his or her mental health outcomes. This study adopted the actor-partner interdependence model approach (APIM) to evaluate the relationship between marital satisfaction and sense of defeat in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) couples.
Methods and measures: In this cross-sectional study, 181 infertile couples undergoing IVF-ET treatment were recruited using the Marital Satisfaction Scale of the ENRICH Marital Quality Questionnaire and Defeat Scale. Through APIM and Pearson analysis, the path relationship between marital satisfaction and defeat was analyzed.
Results: The varying degrees of defeat in IVF-ET couples, are closely related to actors' and partners' marital satisfaction. In terms of actor effects, the Marital Satisfaction of both husbands (β = -0.71, p < 0.001) and wives (β = -0.46, p = 0.001) have a significant effect on individual Defeat. With regard to partner effects, husbands' Marital Satisfaction (β = -0.23, p = 0.038) has a significant impact on wives' Defeat and the wives' Marital Satisfaction (β = -0.45, p = -0.005) has a significant impact on husbands' Defeat.
Conclusion: IVF-ET couples must be looked at as a whole, and it is critical to include couples and not just men or women when studying infertility. The importance of their interaction is essential to improve the psychosocial adaptation of infertile couples in IVF-ET treatment.
{"title":"Relationship between marital satisfaction and defeat in IVF-ET: based on actor-partner interdependence model approach.","authors":"Chaofeng Li, Yingying Fan, Dan Chen, Yuwei Wu, Yi Huang, Dan Liu","doi":"10.1080/08870446.2024.2387213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2024.2387213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>A person's marital satisfaction is a strong predictor of their own mental health outcomes. However, marital satisfaction results from both spouses' experiences, so a partner's marital satisfaction also affects his or her mental health outcomes. This study adopted the actor-partner interdependence model approach (APIM) to evaluate the relationship between marital satisfaction and sense of defeat <i>in vitro</i> fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) couples.</p><p><strong>Methods and measures: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 181 infertile couples undergoing IVF-ET treatment were recruited using the Marital Satisfaction Scale of the ENRICH Marital Quality Questionnaire and Defeat Scale. Through APIM and Pearson analysis, the path relationship between marital satisfaction and defeat was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The varying degrees of defeat in IVF-ET couples, are closely related to actors' and partners' marital satisfaction. In terms of actor effects, the Marital Satisfaction of both husbands (<i>β</i> = -0.71, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and wives (<i>β</i> = -0.46, <i>p</i> = 0.001) have a significant effect on individual Defeat. With regard to partner effects, husbands' Marital Satisfaction (<i>β</i> = -0.23, <i>p</i> = 0.038) has a significant impact on wives' Defeat and the wives' Marital Satisfaction (<i>β</i> = -0.45, <i>p</i> = -0.005) has a significant impact on husbands' Defeat.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IVF-ET couples must be looked at as a whole, and it is critical to include couples and not just men or women when studying infertility. The importance of their interaction is essential to improve the psychosocial adaptation of infertile couples in IVF-ET treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":20718,"journal":{"name":"Psychology & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2022-10-03DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2127718
Megan E Ames, Christina L Robillard, Brianna J Turner, Mauricio Garcia-Barrera, Jonathan Rush, Stephanie G Craig
Objective. Although physical activity declined with social distancing measures and stay-at-home orders during the COVID-19 pandemic, youth who engaged in more physical activity experienced fewer mental health problems. If and how physical activity maintained its protective role throughout the ongoing pandemic remains unclear. This study models associations between three types of physical activity (indoor, outdoor, with parents), affect regulation, and anxious and depressive symptoms in two independent adolescent samples (T1: Summer 2020; T2: Winter 2020/21).
Methods and Measures. Six hundred sixty-two Canadian adolescents (T1: Mage = 15.69, SD = 1.36; 52% girls; 5% trans+) and 675 Canadian adolescents (T2: Mage = 15.80, SD = 1.46; 50% girls; 6% trans+) participated in an online survey. Data included frequency of physical activity indoors, outdoors, and with parents, affect regulation difficulties, and measures of anxious and depressive symptoms.
Results. Multiple-group path analysis showed indoor physical activity had an indirect effect on anxiety and depressive symptoms through affect dysregulation, but only at T1. Physical activity with parents was protective for adolescent anxiety and depressive symptoms at both T1 and T2 and had an indirect effect through affect dysregulation and suppression.
Conclusion. Findings contribute to our understanding of how physical activity protects adolescent mental health, and point to strengthening family supports and recreation opportunities.
{"title":"Associations between physical activity, affect regulation difficulties, and mental health among Canadian adolescents at two different points of the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Megan E Ames, Christina L Robillard, Brianna J Turner, Mauricio Garcia-Barrera, Jonathan Rush, Stephanie G Craig","doi":"10.1080/08870446.2022.2127718","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08870446.2022.2127718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective.</b> Although physical activity declined with social distancing measures and stay-at-home orders during the COVID-19 pandemic, youth who engaged in more physical activity experienced fewer mental health problems. If and how physical activity maintained its protective role throughout the ongoing pandemic remains unclear. This study models associations between three types of physical activity (indoor, outdoor, with parents), affect regulation, and anxious and depressive symptoms in two independent adolescent samples (T1: Summer 2020; T2: Winter 2020/21).</p><p><p><b>Methods and Measures.</b> Six hundred sixty-two Canadian adolescents (T1: <i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 15.69, <i>SD</i> = 1.36; 52% girls; 5% <i>trans+</i>) and 675 Canadian adolescents (T2: <i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 15.80, <i>SD</i> = 1.46; 50% girls; 6% <i>trans+</i>) participated in an online survey. Data included frequency of physical activity indoors, outdoors, and with parents, affect regulation difficulties, and measures of anxious and depressive symptoms.</p><p><p><b>Results.</b> Multiple-group path analysis showed indoor physical activity had an indirect effect on anxiety and depressive symptoms through affect dysregulation, but only at T1. Physical activity with parents was protective for adolescent anxiety and depressive symptoms at both T1 and T2 and had an indirect effect through affect dysregulation and suppression.</p><p><p><b>Conclusion.</b> Findings contribute to our understanding of how physical activity protects adolescent mental health, and point to strengthening family supports and recreation opportunities.</p>","PeriodicalId":20718,"journal":{"name":"Psychology & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40386475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2126473
Archontissa M Kanavaki, Alison Rushton, Elizabeth Hale, Rainer Klocke, Abhishek Abhishek, Joan L Duda
Living with knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA) means living with pain and difficulty in movement. Given the beneficial effects of physical activity (PA) and reduction of sedentary behaviour (SB), these behaviours need to be understood in the context of individuals' daily lives and sense of well-being. Twelve individuals (age: 43-79 years; 67% female) with knee and/or hip OA purposively selected (e.g., age, OA duration, OA severity) participated in semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed using inductive thematic analysis. PA and SB were narrated as multifaceted experiences with two overarching themes, PA negotiations (valuing mobility, the burden of osteoarthritis, keep going, the feel-good factor), SB negotiations (the joy of sitting, a lot is too bad, the osteoarthritis confines), and two overlapping themes (the life context, finding a balance). Physical and psychological aspects of PA and SB experiences were interwoven. Participants valued mobility and were proactively trying to preserve it by keeping active. A constant negotiation among the OA burden, the need to enjoy life and life circumstances was underlying PA behaviour. Prescription and encouragement of a physically active lifestyle in this population should be linked to mobility-related personal values and sense of well-being, while addressing concerns around OA-safety and normalizing PA trade-offs.
患有膝关节和髋关节骨关节炎(OA)意味着要忍受疼痛和行动不便。鉴于体育锻炼(PA)和减少久坐行为(SB)的有益效果,需要结合个人的日常生活和幸福感来理解这些行为。我们有针对性地选择了 12 名膝关节和/或髋关节 OA 患者(年龄:43-79 岁;67% 为女性)(如年龄、OA 持续时间、OA 严重程度)进行了半结构化访谈。采用归纳式主题分析法对数据进行分析。PA 和 SB 被描述为多方面的经历,其中有两个首要主题,即 PA 协商(重视活动能力、骨关节炎的负担、坚持下去、感觉良好的因素)、SB 协商(坐着的快乐、很多事情太糟糕、骨关节炎的束缚),以及两个重叠主题(生活环境、找到平衡)。活动量和可持续运动体验的生理和心理方面相互交织。参与者重视行动能力,并积极主动地通过保持运动来维护行动能力。在运动疗法行为的背后,是对 OA 负担、享受生活的需要和生活环境之间的不断协商。在这一人群中,规定和鼓励体育锻炼的生活方式应与与行动相关的个人价值观和幸福感联系起来,同时解决与 OA 安全相关的问题,并使体育锻炼的权衡正常化。
{"title":"Physical activity, sedentary behaviour and well-being: experiences of people with knee and hip osteoarthritis.","authors":"Archontissa M Kanavaki, Alison Rushton, Elizabeth Hale, Rainer Klocke, Abhishek Abhishek, Joan L Duda","doi":"10.1080/08870446.2022.2126473","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08870446.2022.2126473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Living with knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA) means living with pain and difficulty in movement. Given the beneficial effects of physical activity (PA) and reduction of sedentary behaviour (SB), these behaviours need to be understood in the context of individuals' daily lives and sense of well-being. Twelve individuals (age: 43-79 years; 67% female) with knee and/or hip OA purposively selected (e.g., age, OA duration, OA severity) participated in semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed using inductive thematic analysis. PA and SB were narrated as multifaceted experiences with two overarching themes, PA negotiations (<i>valuing mobility, the burden of osteoarthritis, keep going, the feel-good factor</i>), SB negotiations (<i>the joy of sitting, a lot is too bad, the osteoarthritis confines</i>), and two overlapping themes (<i>the life context</i>, <i>finding a balance</i>). Physical and psychological aspects of PA and SB experiences were interwoven. Participants valued mobility and were proactively trying to preserve it by keeping active. A constant negotiation among the OA burden, the need to enjoy life and life circumstances was underlying PA behaviour. Prescription and encouragement of a physically active lifestyle in this population should be linked to mobility-related personal values and sense of well-being, while addressing concerns around OA-safety and normalizing PA trade-offs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20718,"journal":{"name":"Psychology & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40389644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2022-10-03DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2129052
Samuel Fairlamb, Emily Courtney
Objective: The terror management health model proposes that COVID-19's association with death should increase a desire for closeness, which could undermine social distancing intentions. Alternatively, social distancing intentions may increase if it has become culturally valued. The present research assessed these claims.
Design: We conducted three pre-registered online experiments (N = 409) where we manipulated COVID-19 thoughts, and examined either proximal (i.e. immediate) or distal (i.e. delayed) reactions.
Main outcome measures: Death-thought accessibility, desire for closeness, social distancing intentions, and measures concerning the perceived cultural value of social distancing.
Results: COVID-19 thoughts increased death-thought accessibility (Study 1). COVID-19-induced death thoughts increased a distal desire for closeness, particularly in securely attached individuals, but also increased the perceived value of, and intentions to engage in, social distancing (Studies 2 and 3).
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate how proximal strategies may progress to distal strategies when they become embedded within cultural worldviews. These findings can aid in sustained efforts to encourage social distancing behavior.
{"title":"An existential perspective on interpersonal closeness and social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Samuel Fairlamb, Emily Courtney","doi":"10.1080/08870446.2022.2129052","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08870446.2022.2129052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The terror management health model proposes that COVID-19's association with death should increase a desire for closeness, which could undermine social distancing intentions. Alternatively, social distancing intentions may increase if it has become culturally valued. The present research assessed these claims.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We conducted three pre-registered online experiments (<i>N</i> = 409) where we manipulated COVID-19 thoughts, and examined either proximal (i.e. immediate) or distal (i.e. delayed) reactions.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Death-thought accessibility, desire for closeness, social distancing intentions, and measures concerning the perceived cultural value of social distancing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>COVID-19 thoughts increased death-thought accessibility (Study 1). COVID-19-induced death thoughts increased a distal desire for closeness, particularly in securely attached individuals, but also increased the perceived value of, and intentions to engage in, social distancing (Studies 2 and 3).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate how proximal strategies may progress to distal strategies when they become embedded within cultural worldviews. These findings can aid in sustained efforts to encourage social distancing behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":20718,"journal":{"name":"Psychology & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40393429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2022-10-03DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2130311
Fatih Sonmez
Objective: This study sought to experimentally test two potential factors that could affect the consumer acceptance of autonomous robot surgeons: anthropomorphism and mortality salience. The study also investigated the effect of gender and its interaction with anthropomorphism on attitudes toward autonomous robot surgeons.
Design and main outcome measures: A between-subjects experiment with a 2 (anthropomorphism: low vs. high) x 2 (mortality salience: no vs. yes) factorial design was conducted (N = 196). The trust in the autonomous surgical robot and the willingness to undergo autonomous robotic surgery served as the dependent variables.
Results: When death thoughts were not active, the human-likeness of the autonomous surgical robot significantly increased the trust in the robot and the willingness to undergo autonomous robotic surgery. Activating death thoughts did not further increase the positive attitudes toward the higher-anthropomorphic robot, while it significantly increased the trust in and the willingness to be operated on by the lower-anthropomorphic robot, rendering both robots comparable. This study also found that women had less positive attitudes toward the autonomous robot surgeon, regardless of the robot's human-likeness.
Conclusion: Anthropomorphism and mortality salience can both positively affect the acceptance of autonomous robotic surgery but only in the absence of one another.
研究目的本研究试图通过实验测试可能影响消费者接受自主机器人外科医生的两个潜在因素:拟人化和死亡率显著性。研究还调查了性别及其与拟人化的交互作用对自主机器人外科医生态度的影响:采用 2(拟人化程度:低 vs. 高)x 2(死亡率显著性:无 vs. 有)因子设计进行了受试者间实验(N = 196)。因变量为对自主手术机器人的信任度和接受自主机器人手术的意愿:结果:当死亡念头未被激活时,自主手术机器人与人类的相似性显著提高了人们对机器人的信任度和接受自主机器人手术的意愿。激活死亡意念并没有进一步提高人们对拟人化程度较高的机器人的积极态度,但却显著提高了人们对拟人化程度较低的机器人的信任度和接受手术的意愿,从而使这两种机器人具有可比性。这项研究还发现,无论机器人是否与人类相似,女性对自主机器人外科医生的态度都不那么积极:结论:拟人化和死亡率显著性都会对自主机器人手术的接受度产生积极影响,但前提是两者缺一不可。
{"title":"Going under Dr. Robot's knife: the effects of robot anthropomorphism and mortality salience on attitudes toward autonomous robot surgeons.","authors":"Fatih Sonmez","doi":"10.1080/08870446.2022.2130311","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08870446.2022.2130311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study sought to experimentally test two potential factors that could affect the consumer acceptance of autonomous robot surgeons: anthropomorphism and mortality salience. The study also investigated the effect of gender and its interaction with anthropomorphism on attitudes toward autonomous robot surgeons.</p><p><strong>Design and main outcome measures: </strong>A between-subjects experiment with a 2 (anthropomorphism: low vs. high) x 2 (mortality salience: no vs. yes) factorial design was conducted (<i>N</i> = 196). The trust in the autonomous surgical robot and the willingness to undergo autonomous robotic surgery served as the dependent variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When death thoughts were not active, the human-likeness of the autonomous surgical robot significantly increased the trust in the robot and the willingness to undergo autonomous robotic surgery. Activating death thoughts did not further increase the positive attitudes toward the higher-anthropomorphic robot, while it significantly increased the trust in and the willingness to be operated on by the lower-anthropomorphic robot, rendering both robots comparable. This study also found that women had less positive attitudes toward the autonomous robot surgeon, regardless of the robot's human-likeness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anthropomorphism and mortality salience can both positively affect the acceptance of autonomous robotic surgery but only in the absence of one another.</p>","PeriodicalId":20718,"journal":{"name":"Psychology & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40393219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2022-10-03DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2129054
Denise T D de Ridder, Lieke A T P van den Boom, Floor M Kroese, Ellen H M Moors, Karlijn L van den Broek
Objective: To describe the mental models people hold about the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on how they understand the factors that drive the spread of COVID-19 and what kind of beliefs are associated with these models.
Design: In a series of three studies (total N = 461), we asked participants to identify factors that are relevant for COVID-19 proliferation (Study 1a), rate the importance of factors (Study 1 b), and create a mental model of how these factors relate to virus spread by employing a validated tool for mental model elicitation (Study 2). Main outcome measures: inclusion and centrality of factors in mental models of COVID-19 infection spread.
Results: Mitigation measures issued by government, adherence to measures, and virus characteristics were most strongly represented in participants' mental models. Participants who perceived measures as appropriate or who experienced more control and more worry over the spread of the virus created more complex models compared to participants who were less satisfied with measures or who felt lower control and less worry.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that people are able to create sensible mental models of virus transmission but may appreciate transparent communication to comprehend the bigger picture behind the governmental mitigation strategy.
{"title":"How do people understand the spread of COVID-19 infections? Mapping mental models of factors contributing to the pandemic.","authors":"Denise T D de Ridder, Lieke A T P van den Boom, Floor M Kroese, Ellen H M Moors, Karlijn L van den Broek","doi":"10.1080/08870446.2022.2129054","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08870446.2022.2129054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the mental models people hold about the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on how they understand the factors that drive the spread of COVID-19 and what kind of beliefs are associated with these models.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>In a series of three studies (total N = 461), we asked participants to identify factors that are relevant for COVID-19 proliferation (Study 1a), rate the importance of factors (Study 1 b), and create a mental model of how these factors relate to virus spread by employing a validated tool for mental model elicitation (Study 2). Main outcome measures: inclusion and centrality of factors in mental models of COVID-19 infection spread.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mitigation measures issued by government, adherence to measures, and virus characteristics were most strongly represented in participants' mental models. Participants who perceived measures as appropriate or who experienced more control and more worry over the spread of the virus created more complex models compared to participants who were less satisfied with measures or who felt lower control and less worry.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that people are able to create sensible mental models of virus transmission but may appreciate transparent communication to comprehend the bigger picture behind the governmental mitigation strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20718,"journal":{"name":"Psychology & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33487531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2022-10-03DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2129053
Marcus Roth, Tobias Altmann
Objective: Although almost every study evaluating psychological interventions includes the two components of acceptability and effectivity, their relationship is rarely examined. The current study closes this gap by performing secondary analyses of the intervention program 'empCARE'. The goal was to analyze the relationship between these two evaluation components.
Design: The sample consists of 309 nurses (intervention group n = 172; control group n = 137). Data were collected before the training and longitudinally three times after the training.
Main outcome measures: Psychological distress was assessed using the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R), and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. Personality traits were assessed using the HEXACO-60 and the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire. Acceptability was assessed using statements concerning participants' subjective evaluation of the training.
Results: The results show that the intervention program was effective. Acceptability, measured only in the intervention group, was quite high. However, no connection was found between effectivity and acceptability. On the contrary, the results show that acceptability assessments depend more on personality factors than on intervention success.
Conclusions: Researchers should examine the relationship between acceptability and effectivity in their data. It does not seem appropriate to rely on acceptability measurements as the sole evaluation criterion capturing the success of an intervention.
目的:尽管几乎每项评估心理干预的研究都包括可接受性和有效性这两个组成部分,但很少对它们之间的关系进行研究。本研究通过对干预项目 "empCARE "进行二次分析,填补了这一空白。目的是分析这两个评估要素之间的关系:样本包括 309 名护士(干预组 n = 172;对照组 n = 137)。主要结果测量:主要结果测量:使用症状核对表(SCL-90-R)和哥本哈根职业倦怠量表评估心理压力。人格特质采用 HEXACO-60 和多伦多移情问卷进行评估。可接受性通过参与者对培训的主观评价进行评估:结果表明,干预计划是有效的。仅在干预组中测量的可接受性相当高。然而,在有效性和可接受性之间没有发现任何联系。相反,结果表明,可接受性评估更多地取决于个性因素,而不是干预的成功与否:结论:研究人员应在其数据中研究可接受性与效果之间的关系。将可接受性测量作为衡量干预成功与否的唯一评价标准似乎并不合适。
{"title":"The interplay of acceptance and effectiveness in intervention studies: the example of the empCARE training to reduce burnout and distress symptoms in health care providers.","authors":"Marcus Roth, Tobias Altmann","doi":"10.1080/08870446.2022.2129053","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08870446.2022.2129053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Although almost every study evaluating psychological interventions includes the two components of acceptability and effectivity, their relationship is rarely examined. The current study closes this gap by performing secondary analyses of the intervention program 'empCARE'. The goal was to analyze the relationship between these two evaluation components.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The sample consists of 309 nurses (intervention group <i>n</i> = 172; control group <i>n</i> = 137). Data were collected before the training and longitudinally three times after the training.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Psychological distress was assessed using the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R), and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. Personality traits were assessed using the HEXACO-60 and the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire. Acceptability was assessed using statements concerning participants' subjective evaluation of the training.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that the intervention program was effective. Acceptability, measured only in the intervention group, was quite high. However, no connection was found between effectivity and acceptability. On the contrary, the results show that acceptability assessments depend more on personality factors than on intervention success.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Researchers should examine the relationship between acceptability and effectivity in their data. It does not seem appropriate to rely on acceptability measurements as the sole evaluation criterion capturing the success of an intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":20718,"journal":{"name":"Psychology & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40393446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2022-10-03DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2129055
Emma Davies, Joel Lewin, Matt Field
Background: Current alcohol product labelling tends to include ambiguous messages such as 'drink responsibly'. Consumers who identify as responsible drinkers may not pay heed to health warning messages, believing that they are not the intended target.
Aims: We aimed to determine how responses to responsible drinking labels would differ from responses to positively and negatively framed health messages. We also explored if prototype perceptions would moderate the message impact.
Methods: A between groups, three arm (ambiguous, positive or negative messages) experiment recruited 465 participants. Outcomes were drinking intentions and label acceptability (novelty, believability, personal relevance, and potential to change behaviour). Measures of heavy and responsible drinker prototype perceptions were included for exploratory moderation analyses.
Results: Positive and negative messages were rated significantly more likely to change behaviour than ambiguous messages. There was also a moderation effect: participants with stronger favourability and similarity to the responsible drinker prototype intended to drink more alcohol in the future after exposure to negatively framed labels, but not after exposure to ambiguous or positively framed labels.
Discussion: Drink responsibly' messages are unlikely to lead to behaviour change. Incorporating theoretical moderators may have value in developing our understanding of the impact of alcohol product labelling.
{"title":"Am I a responsible drinker? The impact of message frame and drinker prototypes on perceptions of alcohol product information labels.","authors":"Emma Davies, Joel Lewin, Matt Field","doi":"10.1080/08870446.2022.2129055","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08870446.2022.2129055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current alcohol product labelling tends to include ambiguous messages such as 'drink responsibly'. Consumers who identify as responsible drinkers may not pay heed to health warning messages, believing that they are not the intended target.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>We aimed to determine how responses to responsible drinking labels would differ from responses to positively and negatively framed health messages. We also explored if prototype perceptions would moderate the message impact.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A between groups, three arm (ambiguous, positive or negative messages) experiment recruited 465 participants. Outcomes were drinking intentions and label acceptability (novelty, believability, personal relevance, and potential to change behaviour). Measures of heavy and responsible drinker prototype perceptions were included for exploratory moderation analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Positive and negative messages were rated significantly more likely to change behaviour than ambiguous messages. There was also a moderation effect: participants with stronger favourability and similarity to the responsible drinker prototype intended to drink more alcohol in the future after exposure to negatively framed labels, but not after exposure to ambiguous or positively framed labels.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Drink responsibly' messages are unlikely to lead to behaviour change. Incorporating theoretical moderators may have value in developing our understanding of the impact of alcohol product labelling.</p>","PeriodicalId":20718,"journal":{"name":"Psychology & Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40393221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}