Endometriosis is frequent in women of childbearing age with a morbidity rate of approximately 10%. Its clinical features mainly manifest as dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility. However, effective treatments are still lacking; hence, it is necessary to identify an effective and safe treatment strategy on endometriosis. Moutan Cortex extract (MCE) was prepared by decoction. Then, cell proliferation and apoptosis in human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) were detected by cell counting kit-8, EdU cell proliferation assay, and flow cytometry. Wound-healing assay and transwell migration assay were performed to explore cell migration or invasion. The expression of indicators of downstream signaling pathways was determined by Western blot analysis or enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay. MCE treatment inhibited cell viability and proliferation in HESCs while promoting cell apoptosis. MCE reduced migration and invasion of HESCs. Furthermore, MCE inhibited osteopontin-induced, mitogen-activated, protein kinase (MAPK)-mediated matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) activation, and upregulation of OPN reversed the effect of MCE on HESCs. In this study, MCE inhibited the proliferation and migration of endometrial stromal cells by inhibiting OPN induced, MAPK-mediated MMP9 activation. MCE might be a novel treatment strategy on endometriosis.
{"title":"Moutan Cortex extract inhibited the proliferation and migration of endometrial stromal cells by inhibiting OPN-induced, MAPK-mediated MMP9 activation","authors":"Jin Liu, Songping Luo, Yue Hu, Xiaopeng Peng","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1235","url":null,"abstract":"Endometriosis is frequent in women of childbearing age with a morbidity rate of approximately 10%. Its clinical features mainly manifest as dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility. However, effective treatments are still lacking; hence, it is necessary to identify an effective and safe treatment strategy on endometriosis. Moutan Cortex extract (MCE) was prepared by decoction. Then, cell proliferation and apoptosis in human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) were detected by cell counting kit-8, EdU cell proliferation assay, and flow cytometry. Wound-healing assay and transwell migration assay were performed to explore cell migration or invasion. The expression of indicators of downstream signaling pathways was determined by Western blot analysis or enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay. MCE treatment inhibited cell viability and proliferation in HESCs while promoting cell apoptosis. MCE reduced migration and invasion of HESCs. Furthermore, MCE inhibited osteopontin-induced, mitogen-activated, protein kinase (MAPK)-mediated matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) activation, and upregulation of OPN reversed the effect of MCE on HESCs. In this study, MCE inhibited the proliferation and migration of endometrial stromal cells by inhibiting OPN induced, MAPK-mediated MMP9 activation. MCE might be a novel treatment strategy on endometriosis.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86070128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Concentrations of Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Pb, Cd, As, and Hg were analyzed in the surface water and muscle of seven fish species (Carassius auratus, Cyprinus carpio, Hemiculter leucisculus, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Silurus meriaionalis, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, and Parabramis pekinensis) from the Wujiangdu reservoir, China. All metal concen-trations in water were lower than grade one water quality values. Mean metal concentrations in the fish muscle decreased in the order: Zn (10.765 mg kg−1) > Fe (8.908 mg kg−1) > Mn (0.373 mg kg−1) > Cu (0.369 mg kg−1) > Pb (0.158 mg kg−1) > As (0.102 mg kg−1) > Hg (0.042 mg kg−1) > Cd (0.024 mg kg−1). Metal concentrations were higher in omnivorous and carnivorous fish than those in herbivorous fish. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Hg was much higher than that of other metals in all fish species. The values of target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) were lower than 1 for fishermen and the general population, indicating that there was no considerable noncarcinogenic risk. However, target cancer risk (TR) values were greater than 1.0 × 10−6, indicating that the car-cinogenic risk caused by fish consumption could not be ignored. Several kinds of fish species were not completely safe for human consumption according to the standard of the European Commission. The potential health risks in fishermen were much higher than that in the general population.
分析了乌江都水库7种鱼类(鲫鱼、鲤鱼、银鱼、黄颡鱼、沙颡鱼、沙颡鱼、沙颡鱼和北京对虾)地表水和肌肉中Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Pb、Cd、As和Hg的含量。水中金属浓度均低于一级水质值。鱼类肌肉中平均金属浓度降低的顺序为:Zn (10.765 mg kg - 1) > Fe (8.908 mg kg - 1) > Mn (0.373 mg kg - 1) > Cu (0.369 mg kg - 1) > Pb (0.158 mg kg - 1) > As (0.102 mg kg - 1) > Hg (0.042 mg kg - 1) > Cd (0.024 mg kg - 1)。杂食性和肉食性鱼类的金属含量高于草食性鱼类。汞的生物富集系数(BCF)在所有鱼类中均远高于其他金属。渔民和一般人群的目标危害商(THQ)和危害指数(HI)均小于1，表明不存在相当大的非致癌风险。然而，靶癌风险(TR)值大于1.0 × 10−6，表明食用鱼类引起的致癌风险不可忽视。根据欧洲委员会的标准，有几种鱼类对人类食用并不完全安全。渔民的潜在健康风险远高于一般人群。
{"title":"Potential health risk assessment of metals in the muscle of seven wild fish species from the Wujiangdu reservoir, China","authors":"Shenwen Cai, Boping Zeng, Chuntao Li","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1121","url":null,"abstract":"Concentrations of Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Pb, Cd, As, and Hg were analyzed in the surface water and muscle of seven fish species (Carassius auratus, Cyprinus carpio, Hemiculter leucisculus, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Silurus meriaionalis, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, and Parabramis pekinensis) from the Wujiangdu reservoir, China. All metal concen-trations in water were lower than grade one water quality values. Mean metal concentrations in the fish muscle decreased in the order: Zn (10.765 mg kg−1) > Fe (8.908 mg kg−1) > Mn (0.373 mg kg−1) > Cu (0.369 mg kg−1) > Pb (0.158 mg kg−1) > As (0.102 mg kg−1) > Hg (0.042 mg kg−1) > Cd (0.024 mg kg−1). Metal concentrations were higher in omnivorous and carnivorous fish than those in herbivorous fish. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Hg was much higher than that of other metals in all fish species. The values of target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) were lower than 1 for fishermen and the general population, indicating that there was no considerable noncarcinogenic risk. However, target cancer risk (TR) values were greater than 1.0 × 10−6, indicating that the car-cinogenic risk caused by fish consumption could not be ignored. Several kinds of fish species were not completely safe for human consumption according to the standard of the European Commission. The potential health risks in fishermen were much higher than that in the general population.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73152284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to obtain the microwave vacuum drying characteristics of rice and the change in law of temperature and humidity, the mechanism of water diffusion and migration in the drying process was analyzed based on the multiphase flow in porous media, the change model of moisture content was established, and the microwave heating process coupled with electromagnetic field and mass heat field was simulated. The accuracy of the multiphase porous medium model was verified by measuring the moisture changes during rice drying under different vacuum degrees. The results show that the temperature distribution of rice during heating is high in the center and low around, and the vacuum degree hardly affects the change in rice temperature. The capillary pressure in rice gradually increases, and the equilibrium vapor pressure gradually decreases during drying. The estimated moisture content reduced from 0.25 to 0.189, 0.177, and 0.169, and the experimental value decreased from 0.25 to 0.186, 0.177, and 0.167 after drying the rice for 60 min at vacuum of 0.02 MPa, 0.04 MPa, and 0.06 MPa, respectively. The experimental value was in agreement with the calculated value. The higher the vacuum degree, the faster the drying speed, and this finding provided a new idea for improving the drying efficiency.
{"title":"Heat and mass transfer law during microwave vacuum drying of rice","authors":"T. Sun, Zhen Yang, H. He","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1153","url":null,"abstract":"In order to obtain the microwave vacuum drying characteristics of rice and the change in law of temperature and humidity, the mechanism of water diffusion and migration in the drying process was analyzed based on the multiphase flow in porous media, the change model of moisture content was established, and the microwave heating process coupled with electromagnetic field and mass heat field was simulated. The accuracy of the multiphase porous medium model was verified by measuring the moisture changes during rice drying under different vacuum degrees. The results show that the temperature distribution of rice during heating is high in the center and low around, and the vacuum degree hardly affects the change in rice temperature. The capillary pressure in rice gradually increases, and the equilibrium vapor pressure gradually decreases during drying. The estimated moisture content reduced from 0.25 to 0.189, 0.177, and 0.169, and the experimental value decreased from 0.25 to 0.186, 0.177, and 0.167 after drying the rice for 60 min at vacuum of 0.02 MPa, 0.04 MPa, and 0.06 MPa, respectively. The experimental value was in agreement with the calculated value. The higher the vacuum degree, the faster the drying speed, and this finding provided a new idea for improving the drying efficiency.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80061850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shao-yi Lin, Yunyun Zhu, Ruoyu Chen, Tingting Hu, Kaihang Wang
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Wogonoside (Wog), a flavonoid monomer, on hyperlipidemia and explore its possible mechanisms. APOE -/- mice were used to establish the animal model of hyperlipidemia by feeding the high-fat diet (HFD). The serum level of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and inflammatory cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), oil red O staining, and real-time PCR assay. The oxidative stress was measured by ELISA assay. Immunoblot assay and ELISA assay were used to detect the mechanism of Wogonoside on hyperlipidemia. We found that Wogonoside ameliorated lipid metabolism disorders in ApoE -/- mice induced by HFD (P<0.01). Wogonoside also ameliorated HFD-induced inflammation in ApoE -/- mice (P<0.01). Wogonoside ameliorated oxidative stress in HFD-induced ApoE -/- mice (P<0.01). Further study showed that Wogonoside improved HFD-induced hyperlipidemia and inflammation by upregulating SIRT1 expression (P<0.01). These results suggested that Wogonoside has the potential to be used as a promising approach for the intervention of hyperlipidemia.
{"title":"Wogonoside improves high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia and aortic injury in ApoE -/- mice by upregulating SIRT1 expression","authors":"Shao-yi Lin, Yunyun Zhu, Ruoyu Chen, Tingting Hu, Kaihang Wang","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1234","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Wogonoside (Wog), a flavonoid monomer, on hyperlipidemia and explore its possible mechanisms. APOE -/- mice were used to establish the animal model of hyperlipidemia by feeding the high-fat diet (HFD). The serum level of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and inflammatory cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), oil red O staining, and real-time PCR assay. The oxidative stress was measured by ELISA assay. Immunoblot assay and ELISA assay were used to detect the mechanism of Wogonoside on hyperlipidemia. We found that Wogonoside ameliorated lipid metabolism disorders in ApoE -/- mice induced by HFD (P<0.01). Wogonoside also ameliorated HFD-induced inflammation in ApoE -/- mice (P<0.01). Wogonoside ameliorated oxidative stress in HFD-induced ApoE -/- mice (P<0.01). Further study showed that Wogonoside improved HFD-induced hyperlipidemia and inflammation by upregulating SIRT1 expression (P<0.01). These results suggested that Wogonoside has the potential to be used as a promising approach for the intervention of hyperlipidemia.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79336332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aberrant proliferation and migration of residual lens epithelial cells (LECs) is the main cause of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after cataract surgery. The purpose of this study was to confirm the protective effects of Astragaloside IV (AST) in transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)-induced proliferation and migration of LECs. Human LECs, SRA01/04, were used in this study. MTT assay and EdU assay were used to perform cell viability and proliferation, respectively. The cell cycle was determined using flow cytometry. Cell invasion and migration were determined using transwell assay and wound healing assay, respectively. Protein expression was examined using western blotting. Type I and IV collagen (Col I and IV) and fibronectin (FN) in cells were also detected using immunofluorescence (IF). Cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion were suppressed by AST in a concentration-dependent manner in TGF-β-treated LECs. AST stopped the cell cycle at G2 phase in a concentration-dependent manner. Expression of Cyclin B1 and CDK1 was suppressed by AST in TGF-β-treated LECs. Protein expression of FN, Col I, Col IV, α-SMA (α-smooth muscle actin), Snail and Slug was downregulated by AST in a concentration-dependent manner. AST inhibited the protein expression of Jagged-1, Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, Hes-1 and Hey-1. Taken together, data from this study demonstrated that AST inhibited LEC viability, proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as fibroblastic differentiation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition process through inhibition of Jagged-1/Notch pathway, providing a potential supplemental treatment for PCO.
{"title":"Astragaloside IV inhibits the proliferation and migration of lens epithelial cells induced by TGF-β through the Jagged-1/Notch pathway","authors":"Ling Zhou, Lina Zhong, Yahui Lv","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1224","url":null,"abstract":"Aberrant proliferation and migration of residual lens epithelial cells (LECs) is the main cause of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after cataract surgery. The purpose of this study was to confirm the protective effects of Astragaloside IV (AST) in transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)-induced proliferation and migration of LECs. Human LECs, SRA01/04, were used in this study. MTT assay and EdU assay were used to perform cell viability and proliferation, respectively. The cell cycle was determined using flow cytometry. Cell invasion and migration were determined using transwell assay and wound healing assay, respectively. Protein expression was examined using western blotting. Type I and IV collagen (Col I and IV) and fibronectin (FN) in cells were also detected using immunofluorescence (IF). Cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion were suppressed by AST in a concentration-dependent manner in TGF-β-treated LECs. AST stopped the cell cycle at G2 phase in a concentration-dependent manner. Expression of Cyclin B1 and CDK1 was suppressed by AST in TGF-β-treated LECs. Protein expression of FN, Col I, Col IV, α-SMA (α-smooth muscle actin), Snail and Slug was downregulated by AST in a concentration-dependent manner. AST inhibited the protein expression of Jagged-1, Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, Hes-1 and Hey-1. Taken together, data from this study demonstrated that AST inhibited LEC viability, proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as fibroblastic differentiation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition process through inhibition of Jagged-1/Notch pathway, providing a potential supplemental treatment for PCO.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81463595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuye Gao, Xie-an Yu, Bing Wang, Yibao Jin, Guo Yin, Jue Wang, Yi Lu, Tiejie Wang, Kaishun Bi
Red wine was a prominent constituent of diets across the globe and modern pharmacological studies showed that red wine had the main function of antioxidant. However, the reported screening methods for active ingredients were inefficient and insensitive. In this research, 35 batches of red wine were used to establish the chromatography fingerprint, which were further utilized to screen and identify the antioxidant active ingredients through spectrum-effect relationship analysis. Indeed, the antioxidant capacity of red wine was evaluated by total antioxidant capacity assay kit (ABTS method). After evaluating the antioxidant capacity of samples, correlations were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, and Gray Relational Analysis (GRA). Moreover, spectrum-effect relationships combined with ultrafast liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UFLC-Q-TOF/MS) revealed that the succinic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin, syringic acid, salicylic acid, homogentisic acid, ellagic acid, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, and trans- resveratrol show antioxidative efficacy. Collectively, the present study established the spectrum-effect relationship strategy of red wine and identified active antioxidant ingredients, which would give reasonable index components for the health function of red wine and provide reference for quick screening of bioactive compounds for food.
红葡萄酒是全球饮食的重要组成部分，现代药理学研究表明，红葡萄酒具有抗氧化的主要功能。然而，现有的有效成分筛选方法效率低且不敏感。本研究以35批红酒为研究对象，建立色谱指纹图谱，并通过谱效关系分析对其抗氧化活性成分进行筛选鉴定。用总抗氧化能力测定试剂盒(ABTS法)评价了红酒的抗氧化能力。评价样品抗氧化能力后，采用Pearson相关分析、Spearman相关分析和灰色关联分析(GRA)进行相关性分析。此外，结合超快液相色谱/四极杆飞行时间质谱(UFLC-Q-TOF/MS)的谱效关系表明，琥珀酸、没食子酸、原儿茶酸、儿茶素、丁香酸、水杨酸、均质酸、鞣花酸、异鼠李苷-3- o -葡萄糖苷和反式白藜芦醇具有抗氧化作用。综上所述，本研究建立了红酒的光谱效应关系策略，并鉴定了红酒中的有效抗氧化成分，为红酒保健功能提供合理的指标成分，为食品生物活性化合物的快速筛选提供参考。
{"title":"Screening and identification of antioxidant active ingredients from red wine via spectrum-effect relationship analysis","authors":"Yuye Gao, Xie-an Yu, Bing Wang, Yibao Jin, Guo Yin, Jue Wang, Yi Lu, Tiejie Wang, Kaishun Bi","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1071","url":null,"abstract":"Red wine was a prominent constituent of diets across the globe and modern pharmacological studies showed that red wine had the main function of antioxidant. However, the reported screening methods for active ingredients were inefficient and insensitive. In this research, 35 batches of red wine were used to establish the chromatography fingerprint, which were further utilized to screen and identify the antioxidant active ingredients through spectrum-effect relationship analysis. Indeed, the antioxidant capacity of red wine was evaluated by total antioxidant capacity assay kit (ABTS method). After evaluating the antioxidant capacity of samples, correlations were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, and Gray Relational Analysis (GRA). Moreover, spectrum-effect relationships combined with ultrafast liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UFLC-Q-TOF/MS) revealed that the succinic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin, syringic acid, salicylic acid, homogentisic acid, ellagic acid, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, and trans- resveratrol show antioxidative efficacy. Collectively, the present study established the spectrum-effect relationship strategy of red wine and identified active antioxidant ingredients, which would give reasonable index components for the health function of red wine and provide reference for quick screening of bioactive compounds for food.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75129021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hui Xiao-Mei, Yuan Jin, Li Chao, Fan Xiao-jun, Z. Yuan
In order to explore the chemical water characteristics of water-scarce rivers in China, the Ciyao River basin in Shanxi Province was taken as a case study. Water samples of the mainstream and its tributaries were collected in the wet, normal, and dry seasons of 2021. The composition and spatial variation of the main ions in the water body were analyzed using the ion chromatography (IC) instrument. In addition, Pearson correlation analyses were used to evaluate relevant correlation between ion concentrations. The results showed that the overall surface water in the study area was weakly alkaline, and the content of total dissolved solids (TDS) varied greatly, ranging from 702 to 5091 mg/L, with an average of 2897 mg/L. The TDS showed a middle stream > downstream > upstream trend, and the hydrochemical type was Cl • SO4 • HCO3 – Ca • Na. The contents of most ions were significantly changed based on differences in sampling sites and seasons. Natural and human factors influence the chemical characteristics of the river. According to the Gibbs diagram and Piper diagram (Figure 3), the ionic composition of the water body in the basin is mainly affected by the joint action of rock weathering and evaporative crystallization. Carbonate rocks constitute the most significant rock weathering, followed by evaporative and silicate rocks. Wastewater from industrial enterprises, agricultural wastewater, and activities of people’s daily living also have some influence on rock weathering. Cation exchange is also important in forming chemical water components in the Ciyao River. The research results can provide technical references and a basis for regional water environment protection, water resources development and utilization, and watershed eco-hydrology research.
{"title":"Analysis of hydrochemical characteristics and genesis of water-deficient rivers in China: a case study of the Ciyao River Basin in Shanxi Province","authors":"Hui Xiao-Mei, Yuan Jin, Li Chao, Fan Xiao-jun, Z. Yuan","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1213","url":null,"abstract":"In order to explore the chemical water characteristics of water-scarce rivers in China, the Ciyao River basin in Shanxi Province was taken as a case study. Water samples of the mainstream and its tributaries were collected in the wet, normal, and dry seasons of 2021. The composition and spatial variation of the main ions in the water body were analyzed using the ion chromatography (IC) instrument. In addition, Pearson correlation analyses were used to evaluate relevant correlation between ion concentrations. The results showed that the overall surface water in the study area was weakly alkaline, and the content of total dissolved solids (TDS) varied greatly, ranging from 702 to 5091 mg/L, with an average of 2897 mg/L. The TDS showed a middle stream > downstream > upstream trend, and the hydrochemical type was Cl • SO4 • HCO3 – Ca • Na. The contents of most ions were significantly changed based on differences in sampling sites and seasons. Natural and human factors influence the chemical characteristics of the river. According to the Gibbs diagram and Piper diagram (Figure 3), the ionic composition of the water body in the basin is mainly affected by the joint action of rock weathering and evaporative crystallization. Carbonate rocks constitute the most significant rock weathering, followed by evaporative and silicate rocks. Wastewater from industrial enterprises, agricultural wastewater, and activities of people’s daily living also have some influence on rock weathering. Cation exchange is also important in forming chemical water components in the Ciyao River. The research results can provide technical references and a basis for regional water environment protection, water resources development and utilization, and watershed eco-hydrology research.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74021689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hui Xiao-Mei, Yuan Jin, L. Chao, Fan Xiao-jun, Zhou Yuan
Land use pattern is one of the most important factors affecting the quality of habitats, which is taken as the research objective in this study. Based on the land use data of Ciyao river basin from 1985 to 2020, transfer matrix analysis, superposition analysis, and zoning statistics were carried out by ArcGIS. The impact of main threat sources (cultivated land, urban land, and rural residential land) on water quality was calculated using the investment model. The habitat changes and the impact of the habitat quality of the basin on the hydrological and water quality were analyzed. The findings demonstrated that the land-type conversion in Ciyao River Basin from 1985 to 2020 is mainly manifested in the conversion from cultivated land to construction land (94.49 km2), and from grassland to cultivated land (21.59 km2) and forest land (27.15 km2). The habitat quality of the Ciyao River Basin decreased gradually from North to South. The medium and high habitat quality areas are mainly concentrated in the headwater area of the river. Due to the change in land type, the habitat quality in the headwater area of the river significantly improved from 2005 to 2020, while the habitat quality in the confluence area of the Wuliang section significantly declined from 1995 to 2015. Due to the improvements of habitat quality in the source area of the river and water conservation capacity, the total amount of water resources and annual runoff depth of Ciyao River significantly increased from 2005 to 2019 without significant changes in precipitation. The water quality of the Ciyao River has improved due to development of environmental pollution control and the improvement of watershed habitat in 2016–2020.
{"title":"Impact of watershed habitat quality based on land use: a case study of taking Ciyao River Basin","authors":"Hui Xiao-Mei, Yuan Jin, L. Chao, Fan Xiao-jun, Zhou Yuan","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1212","url":null,"abstract":"Land use pattern is one of the most important factors affecting the quality of habitats, which is taken as the research objective in this study. Based on the land use data of Ciyao river basin from 1985 to 2020, transfer matrix analysis, superposition analysis, and zoning statistics were carried out by ArcGIS. The impact of main threat sources (cultivated land, urban land, and rural residential land) on water quality was calculated using the investment model. The habitat changes and the impact of the habitat quality of the basin on the hydrological and water quality were analyzed. The findings demonstrated that the land-type conversion in Ciyao River Basin from 1985 to 2020 is mainly manifested in the conversion from cultivated land to construction land (94.49 km2), and from grassland to cultivated land (21.59 km2) and forest land (27.15 km2). The habitat quality of the Ciyao River Basin decreased gradually from North to South. The medium and high habitat quality areas are mainly concentrated in the headwater area of the river. Due to the change in land type, the habitat quality in the headwater area of the river significantly improved from 2005 to 2020, while the habitat quality in the confluence area of the Wuliang section significantly declined from 1995 to 2015. Due to the improvements of habitat quality in the source area of the river and water conservation capacity, the total amount of water resources and annual runoff depth of Ciyao River significantly increased from 2005 to 2019 without significant changes in precipitation. The water quality of the Ciyao River has improved due to development of environmental pollution control and the improvement of watershed habitat in 2016–2020.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86951490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi Li, Jie Lin, Yong‐Hui Wang, Ke Wang, Ren Wang, Xinyue Zhao, Yi‐Jian Yao
The complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of the ex-type strain of Pleurocordyceps sinensis, a fungus originally isolated from Ophiocordyceps sinensis, was sequenced, and assembled as a single circular DNA of 31,841 bp. The mt genome encoded 15 conserved proteins (rps3, cox1, cox2, cox3, cob, atp6, atp8, atp9, nad1, nad2, nad3, nad4, nad4L, nad5, and nad6), 2 rRNA (rnl and rns), and 25 tRNA, as well as 10 additional non-conserved open reading frames (ncORFs). Comparative analyses showed that mt genomes within the order Hypocreales encoded the same number and synteny of conserved protein coding genes despite an obvious size variation among this group of fungi. Phylogenetic analyses using 14 conserved protein sequences revealed that this fungus may not belong to the current designated family Ophiocordycipitaceae but is more closely related to the species of Clavicipitaceae. The mt genome presented herein would give valuable information on reconstructing the evolutionary history of clavicipitaceous fungi and also aid in resolving the family-level taxonomic assignment of Polycephalomyces s. l. species.
{"title":"Complete mitochondrial genome of Pleurocordyceps sinensis (Hypocreales, Ascomycota), a species with uncertain family-level taxonomic assignment","authors":"Yi Li, Jie Lin, Yong‐Hui Wang, Ke Wang, Ren Wang, Xinyue Zhao, Yi‐Jian Yao","doi":"10.15586/qas.v14i4.1134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v14i4.1134","url":null,"abstract":"The complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of the ex-type strain of Pleurocordyceps sinensis, a fungus originally isolated from Ophiocordyceps sinensis, was sequenced, and assembled as a single circular DNA of 31,841 bp. The mt genome encoded 15 conserved proteins (rps3, cox1, cox2, cox3, cob, atp6, atp8, atp9, nad1, nad2, nad3, nad4, nad4L, nad5, and nad6), 2 rRNA (rnl and rns), and 25 tRNA, as well as 10 additional non-conserved open reading frames (ncORFs). Comparative analyses showed that mt genomes within the order Hypocreales encoded the same number and synteny of conserved protein coding genes despite an obvious size variation among this group of fungi. Phylogenetic analyses using 14 conserved protein sequences revealed that this fungus may not belong to the current designated family Ophiocordycipitaceae but is more closely related to the species of Clavicipitaceae. The mt genome presented herein would give valuable information on reconstructing the evolutionary history of clavicipitaceous fungi and also aid in resolving the family-level taxonomic assignment of Polycephalomyces s. l. species.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90397267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-16DOI: 10.15586/qas.v14isp1.1145
Anjitha Jacob, I.P. Sudagar, R. Pandiselvam, P. Rajkumar, M. Rajavel
Mature coconut water (MCW) is a natural beverage and a main by-product of various coconut processing industries such as virgin coconut oil, coconut chips, coconut milk, etc. In spite of huge benefits, MCW’s short shelf life limits its market potential. In this context, the present study investigates the effect of ultrasonic processing parameters, such as amplitude (50%, 60% and 70%) and time (5 min, 10 min and 15 min), on microbial population and quality profile (pH, total soluble solids, total sugars, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars) of MCW. Central composite design was used to create a multiple linear regression model for each response and to optimize ultrasound processing parameters. The optimal treatment parameters to ensure microbial safety and preserve the nutritional quality of MCW were 60% ultrasonic amplitude and treatment time of 10 min. Total sugars, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars and microbial load of MCW determined at optimized conditions were 4.92%, 2.804%, 2.13% and 4.79 log cfu/mL, respectively. Ultrasonic treatment was found to be effective in inhibiting microbial growth and maintaining non-reducing sugars of MCW.
{"title":"Optimization of ultrasound processing parameters for preservation of matured coconut water using a central composite design","authors":"Anjitha Jacob, I.P. Sudagar, R. Pandiselvam, P. Rajkumar, M. Rajavel","doi":"10.15586/qas.v14isp1.1145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v14isp1.1145","url":null,"abstract":"Mature coconut water (MCW) is a natural beverage and a main by-product of various coconut processing industries such as virgin coconut oil, coconut chips, coconut milk, etc. In spite of huge benefits, MCW’s short shelf life limits its market potential. In this context, the present study investigates the effect of ultrasonic processing parameters, such as amplitude (50%, 60% and 70%) and time (5 min, 10 min and 15 min), on microbial population and quality profile (pH, total soluble solids, total sugars, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars) of MCW. Central composite design was used to create a multiple linear regression model for each response and to optimize ultrasound processing parameters. The optimal treatment parameters to ensure microbial safety and preserve the nutritional quality of MCW were 60% ultrasonic amplitude and treatment time of 10 min. Total sugars, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars and microbial load of MCW determined at optimized conditions were 4.92%, 2.804%, 2.13% and 4.79 log cfu/mL, respectively. Ultrasonic treatment was found to be effective in inhibiting microbial growth and maintaining non-reducing sugars of MCW.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85051089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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