Quality of Life Research最新文献

Purpose: Many studies have demonstrated that chronic pain negatively impacts quality of life (QoL). However, it remains uncertain whether an individual's QoL prior to an episode of acute pain is associated with an increased risk of chronic pain-related disability. Our objective was to determine if an individual's QoL prior to an acute painful event is associated with significant chronic pain-related disability following an emergency visit for acute pain.

Methods: This was a planned sub-study on a prospective cohort with a 3 month follow-up. The primary outcome was defined as at least a moderate disability on the Pain Disability Index. QoL was assessed using the Short Form-12 Health Survey, which consists of 12 questions grouped into eight subscales, each ranging from 0 to 100. These subscales are divided into four physical factors and four mental factors, with lower scores representing worse quality of health. We used a multivariable logistic regression to assess the association between pre-event QoL and at least moderate chronic pain-related disability.

Results: A total of 1493 patients were included (mean age: 52 years [SD ± 16]; female: 53%). After multivariable analysis, poorer physical factors (AOR = 1.53; 95% CI 1.22-1.93) and poorer mental factors (AOR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.02-1.46) were independently associated with at least moderate chronic pain-related disability.

Conclusions: Patients with poorer QoL prior to experiencing acute pain are more likely to develop significant chronic pain-related disability. This could help identify patients at higher risk, enabling the implementation of preventive strategies aimed at improving overall prognosis.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the association between socioeconomic conditions and food insecurity (FI) in the perception of quality of life (QoL) of older adults living in a capital of the Northeast of Brazil.

Method: This cross-sectional study included 190 older adults selected through probabilistic sampling. FI was evaluated by the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA) and QoL by the WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-OLD questionnaires. Socioeconomic information was collected through in-person interviews, with responses recorded using an electronic questionnaire developed on the EpiCollect5 digital platform (available for smartphones, tablets, and web). Statistical analyses included absolute and percentage frequencies and Poisson regression with robust variance.

Result: The main results showed that, in the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, being in FI increased the probability of having a worse perception of QoL in the psychological (PR=1.47; 95%CI 1.10-1.66) and environmental (PR=1.70; 95%CI 1.21-2.41) domains. Considering the WHOQoL-OLD questionnaire, FI was associated with a worse perception of QoL in the domains of sense functioning (PR=1.46; 95% CI 1.06-2.00), autonomy (PR=1.57; 95% CI 1.13-2.18), present, past and future activities (PR=1.75; 95% CI 1.23-2.49), social participation (PR=1.34; 95% CI 1.01-1.79), death, dying (PR=1.90; 95% CI 1.34-2.68) and in the total score (PR=2.28; 95% CI 1.62-3.20).

Conclusion: The results show that the household's FI condition can have a negative impact on older adults' perception of QoL.

Purpose: We evaluated changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) twelve months after admission among three groups of patients with digestive and oncological pathologies by nutritional status and nutritional intervention. We also sought to identify factors influencing those changes, taking into account the patients' baseline status.

Methods: This pragmatic effectiveness trial study comprised 619 hospitalized patients who completed HRQoL instruments on admission and twelve months later. Of these, 365 were classed as non-malnourished and 254 as malnourished (of whom 59 underwent nutritional intervention). Sociodemographic and clinical data were gathered. Patients completed the Short-Form 36; the EuroQol generic health-related quality of life questionnaire and the Barthel Index. Descriptive, univariate and multivariate linear regression models were applied to identify factors associated with changes in HRQoL.

Results: Participants had a mean age of 63.5 years; 61.6% were male. Malnourished patients showed significant improvement in mental, social and physical components at the change. In the multivariate analysis, several variables affected the HRQoL of hospitalized patients one year after admission, such as level of malnutrition, pathology on admission, gender, age, Charlson Comorbidity Index, number of drugs prescribed, length of stay or surgical intervention. The nutritional intervention provided during the days of admission was not found to be associated with better HRQoL, except for role physical and body pain.

Conclusion: Identifying the factors influencing changes in HRQoL amongst patients one year after their admission could help determine how important it is to improve these factors, when possible, for example through nutritional intervention prior to admission for surgery.

Purpose: Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is a chronic, deformative disorder that significantly reduces quality of life (QoL), yet the internal heterogeneity of QoL among individuals with KBD remains unclear. This study applied latent class analysis (LCA) to identify distinct subgroups of QoL. It explored their associations with health literacy and social support, aiming to provide evidence for improving QoL among people affected by KBD.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 485 adult patients diagnosed with KBD in Mishan City, Heilongjiang Province, using a cluster sampling method. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, including the EQ-5D-5 L, a health literacy scale, and a social support scale. Using the scores of the five EQ-5D-5 L dimensions as input variables, LCA was performed to identify the optimal number of subgroups. Multivariable logistic regression was then applied to examine factors associated with subgroup membership.

Results: The QoL among patients with KBD was categorized into three latent classes: a well-adapted group (66.4%), a moderately restricted group (20.2%), and a severely impaired group (13.4%). Significant differences were observed among the groups in terms of health literacy, social support, annual household income, education level, type of medical insurance, and the frequency of dairy and egg consumption in the past seven days. These factors were significantly associated with the distribution of QoL classes.

Conclusion: Income, education level, type of medical insurance, frequency of dairy and egg consumption, social support, and health literacy significantly influence the QoL of patients with KBD.

Purpose: Self-rated health (SRH) is a well-established predictor of morbidity and mortality, whereas phase angle (PA) reflects physiological health. This study examined the association between PA and SRH in Korean adults. The specific objectives were to: (1) estimate the relationship between PA and SRH in a nationally representative dataset; (2) determine whether this association differs by sex; and (3) assess whether age modifies the PA-SRH association.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from 8470 adults aged  ≥ 19 years participating in the 2022-2023 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. SRH was assessed using a single global health question, and PA was measured under standardized conditions. Generalized linear models with a logit link were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for poorer SRH per 1° increase in PA, adjusting for sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors. Interaction terms were tested for sex and age group. Sensitivity analyses using multiple imputation addressed missing data.

Results: Higher PA was associated with lower odds of reporting poorer SRH (OR per 1° increase, 0.78; 95% CI: 0.72-0.84). No significant PA × sex interaction was observed (p = 0.735). Age significantly modified the association (p for interaction < 0.001), with the strongest association in adults aged ≥ 60 years (OR, 0.71; 95% CI: 0.63-0.80).

Conclusion: Higher PA was associated with better SRH in Korean adults, with stronger associations observed in older individuals. These exploratory findings suggest that combining subjective and objective indicators, such as SRH and PA, may be informative for future research on population health.

Purpose: Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) are key tools for monitoring and evaluating treatment effectiveness in people with bronchiectasis. However, most are developed for Anglophone contexts, limiting their applicability to non-English-speaking populations. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the measurement properties of PROMs for Spanish-speaking individuals with bronchiectasis.

Methods: A search of major databases was conducted up to August 2024, targeting studies that assessed the measurement properties (validity, reliability, and responsiveness) of any PROMs available for Spanish-speaking adults with bronchiectasis. The methodological quality of the included studies, as well as the quality of the measurement properties was evaluated according to the COSMIN (Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Status Measurement Instruments) guidelines.

Results: Of 3752 articles, four studies were included. The PROMs were the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ), Quality of Life Questionnaire for Bronchiectasis (QoL-B), COPD Assessment Test (CAT), and St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ).Content validity was rated as sufficient with low or very low-quality evidence. Structural validity was assessed only for the SGRQ, rated inadequate with very low evidence. Cross-cultural validity could not be evaluated. Convergent validity was sufficient for all PROMs, highest for LCQ and QoL-B. Internal consistency was indeterminate across PROMs, though limited by lack of structural validity. Test-retest reliability was high for LCQ and moderate for QoL-B and CAT. Responsiveness was sufficient for all three PROMs assessed, with evidence quality from very low to moderate.

Conclusion: Few PROMs exist for Spanish-speaking adults with bronchiectasis. Content, structural and cultural validity, and responsiveness are the least studied properties, limiting treatment monitoring and assessment.

Registration: PROSPERO International register of systematic reviews, CRD42023388173.