The negative attitudes and negative emotions play a key role in maintaining the hostilities between the groups of a divided society. Evidence suggests that intergroup contact can improve or worsen intergroup attitudes. The current study examined the mediating role of intergroup anxiety on quantity of interethnic contact and acculturation attitudes and emotional responses to contradictory conflict narratives in a divided society with a background of armed conflict in the past. The study was conducted among 202 Albanians and 239 Serbs in Kosovo. The results indicate that as more as they meet members of the opposing group the less they feel intergroup anxiety and the more they show acculturation attitudes towards the opposing group among both Albanians and Serbs. However, such mediating role of intergroup anxiety was not found on emotional responses to contradictory conflict narratives, except among Serbs who live in certain enclaves. The findings are discussed in terms of context, reconciliation, and maintenance of frozen conflict.
{"title":"Intergroup Contact, Intergroup Anxiety, and Attitudes towards the Opposing Group in Divided Society","authors":"Mimoza Telaku","doi":"10.31820/pt.30.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31820/pt.30.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"The negative attitudes and negative emotions play a key role in maintaining the hostilities between the groups of a divided society. Evidence suggests that intergroup contact can improve or worsen intergroup attitudes. The current study examined the mediating role of intergroup anxiety on quantity of interethnic contact and acculturation attitudes and emotional responses to contradictory conflict narratives in a divided society with a background of armed conflict in the past. The study was conducted among 202 Albanians and 239 Serbs in Kosovo. The\u0000results indicate that as more as they meet members of the opposing group the less they feel intergroup anxiety and the more they show acculturation attitudes towards the opposing group among both Albanians and Serbs. However, such mediating role of intergroup anxiety was not found on emotional responses to contradictory conflict narratives, except among Serbs who live in certain enclaves. The findings are discussed in terms of context, reconciliation, and maintenance of frozen\u0000conflict.","PeriodicalId":20858,"journal":{"name":"Psihologijske teme","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83518813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Without a reliable and valid instrument of compassion and self-compassion, it is hard to conduct quality research in compassion even though it is a rapidly growing area of interest in many scientific fields. However, recently the Sussex-Oxford Compassion Scales (SOCS; Gu et al., 2020) were developed, with two parallel versions for compassion (SCOS-O) and self-compassion (SCOS-S) containing 20 items each. Because the SOCS scales are newly developed measures of compassion, this is the first study to be conducted beyond the original research (Gu et al., 2020) that validates their factor structure. Our sample consisted of 1080 respondents; 19.35% were males and 80.65% were females. Mean age was 29.29 (SD = 11.15). Convenience sampling via social networks was used. To analyse the data, we reproduced all the confirmatory models in Gu et al. (2020) for both scales: the one-factor model, five-factor model, and five-factor hierarchical model. Our research results showed that for the SCOS-O, the multidimensional definition of compassion for others fits the factor structure of the scale, but this does not apply to the SCOS-S. Self-compassion has two dominant factors over and above five specific factors: Rational Compassion (containing two specific factors: Recognising Suffering and Understanding the Universality of Suffering) and Emotional/Behavioural Compassion (containing three specific factors: Feeling for the Person Suffering, Tolerating Uncomfortable Feelings, and Acting or Being Motivated to Act to Alleviate Suffering). Therefore, the total self-compassion score is unsuitable for use because the scale lacks essential unidimensionality; however, the compassion for others total score can be used safely.
如果没有一种可靠而有效的同情和自我同情的工具，即使在许多科学领域中，同情是一个迅速发展的兴趣领域，也很难进行高质量的研究。然而，最近Sussex-Oxford Compassion Scales (SOCS;Gu et al.， 2020)开发了两个平行版本的同情(SCOS-O)和自我同情(SCOS-S)，每个包含20个项目。由于SOCS量表是新开发的同情心测量方法，因此这是在原始研究(Gu et al.， 2020)之外进行的第一次验证其因素结构的研究。我们的样本包括1080名受访者;男性占19.35%，女性占80.65%。平均年龄29.29岁(SD = 11.15)。通过社交网络进行方便抽样。为了分析数据，我们复制了Gu等人(2020)在两个量表上的所有验证性模型:单因素模型、五因素模型和五因素分层模型。我们的研究结果表明，对于SCOS-O，对他人的同情的多维定义符合量表的因素结构，但这并不适用于SCOS-S。自我同情在五个特定因素之上有两个主导因素:理性同情(包含两个特定因素:认识痛苦和理解痛苦的普遍性)和情感/行为同情(包含三个特定因素:对受苦的人的感觉，容忍不舒服的感觉，采取行动或被激励采取行动来减轻痛苦)。因此，总自我同情评分不适合使用，因为量表缺乏必要的单一性;但是，对他人的同情总得分可以放心使用。
{"title":"Factor Structure of the Sussex-Oxford Compassion Scales","authors":"J. Halamová, M. Kanovský","doi":"10.31820/pt.30.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31820/pt.30.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"Without a reliable and valid instrument of compassion and self-compassion, it is hard to conduct quality research in compassion even though it is a rapidly growing area of interest in many scientific fields. However, recently the Sussex-Oxford Compassion Scales (SOCS; Gu et al., 2020) were developed, with two parallel versions for compassion (SCOS-O) and self-compassion (SCOS-S) containing 20 items each. Because the SOCS scales are newly developed measures of compassion, this is the first study to be conducted beyond the original research (Gu et al., 2020) that validates their factor structure. Our sample consisted of 1080 respondents; 19.35% were males and 80.65% were females. Mean age was 29.29 (SD = 11.15). Convenience sampling via social networks was used. To analyse the data, we reproduced all the confirmatory models in Gu et al. (2020) for both scales: the one-factor model, five-factor model, and five-factor hierarchical model. Our research results showed that for the SCOS-O, the multidimensional definition of compassion for others fits the factor structure of the scale, but this does not apply to the SCOS-S. Self-compassion has two dominant factors over and above five specific factors: Rational Compassion (containing two specific factors: Recognising Suffering and Understanding the Universality of Suffering) and Emotional/Behavioural Compassion (containing three specific factors: Feeling for the Person Suffering, Tolerating Uncomfortable Feelings, and Acting or Being Motivated to Act to Alleviate Suffering). Therefore, the total self-compassion score is unsuitable for use because the scale lacks essential unidimensionality; however, the compassion for others total score can be used safely.","PeriodicalId":20858,"journal":{"name":"Psihologijske teme","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86305061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Until recently, studies within the dual-process approach were mainly focused on group differences in processing, and individual differences were neglected. However, individual differences have proven to be a significant factor in conflict detection efficiency and the overall success in base-rate neglect and similar tasks. This should be taken into consideration within the framework of the Hybrid Model of Dual Processing. New tendencies in the development of this model have focused attention on the degree of mindware instantiation as a predictor of base-rate neglect task efficiency. This study aimed to examine the relationship between mindware and base-rate neglect task efficiency and to test and explore the relationship between base-rate response frequency and conflict detection efficiency and the degree of mindware instantiation. All participants solved base-rate neglect tasks, made judgments of confidence in their responses, and solved the Statistical Reasoning Test, Cognitive Reflection Test and Numeracy Scale. We used the Statistical Reasoning Test as a measure of mindware instantiation. The degree of mindware instantiation was found to be the only significant predictor of base-rate neglect task efficiency and the results showed that participants with a higher degree of mindware instantiation generally made more base-rate responses. No correlation was found between the degree of mindware instantiation and conflict detection efficiency. These findings support the hypothesis that the power of logical intuition depends on the individual’s degree of mindware instantiation. Therefore, the results of this research indicate the importance of further research into the role of statistical reasoning in base-rate neglect task efficiency. However, we discuss that there are some methodological limitations in this research which might explain why the degree of mindware instantiation had no relationship with conflict efficiency.
{"title":"Is Automation of Statistical Reasoning a Suitable Mindware in a Base-Rate Neglect Task?","authors":"Klara Rapan, P. Valerjev","doi":"10.31820/pt.30.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31820/pt.30.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"Until recently, studies within the dual-process approach were mainly focused on group differences in processing, and individual differences were neglected. However, individual differences have proven to be a significant factor in conflict detection efficiency and the overall success in base-rate neglect and similar tasks. This should be taken into consideration within the framework of the Hybrid Model of Dual Processing. New tendencies in the development of this model have focused attention on the degree of mindware instantiation as a predictor of base-rate neglect task efficiency. This study aimed to examine the relationship between mindware and base-rate neglect task efficiency and to test and explore the relationship between base-rate response frequency and conflict detection efficiency and the degree of mindware instantiation. All participants solved base-rate neglect tasks, made judgments of confidence in their responses, and solved the Statistical Reasoning Test, Cognitive Reflection Test and Numeracy Scale. We used the Statistical Reasoning Test as a measure of mindware instantiation. The degree of mindware instantiation was found to be the only significant predictor of base-rate neglect task efficiency and the results showed that participants with a higher degree of mindware instantiation generally made more base-rate responses. No correlation was found between the degree of mindware instantiation and conflict detection efficiency. These findings support the hypothesis that the power of logical intuition depends on the individual’s degree of mindware instantiation. Therefore, the results of this research indicate the importance of further research into the role of statistical reasoning in base-rate neglect task efficiency. However, we discuss that there are some methodological limitations in this research which might explain why the degree of mindware instantiation had no relationship with conflict efficiency.","PeriodicalId":20858,"journal":{"name":"Psihologijske teme","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78034306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
José-María Figueredo, Cristina García-Ael, A. Gragnano, Gabriela Topa
The rising age of retirement may result in a larger number of workers with health problems. This is important since health is a key element in all aspects of life, including work. Although much research has been carried out into how work-life balance influences occupational health, very few studies have focused on how the ability to balance health needs and work demands (work-health balance) affects different organizational variables such as perceived work ability and affective job satisfaction. In a context in that the age of retirement is constantly rising, it is vital to explore those factors may help extend people’s working life in a balanced manner. The aim of this study was, therefore, to explore the mediating role of work-health balance in the relationship between perceived work ability (physical and mental) and affective job satisfaction. Using a cross-sectional sample of 294 workers aged 39 years and over, the study analysed the mediating role of the different dimensions of work-health balance (health climate, work-health incompatibility and external support) in the relationship between work ability (physical and mental) and affective job satisfaction. The data suggest that the health climate and work-health incompatibility dimensions mediate the relationship between work ability (physical and mental) and affective job satisfaction. Our findings are consistent with the current understanding of the role played by the balance between occupational health and the well-being of older workers.
{"title":"The Mediating Role of Work-Health Balance in the Relationship between Perceived Work Ability and Affective Job Satisfaction","authors":"José-María Figueredo, Cristina García-Ael, A. Gragnano, Gabriela Topa","doi":"10.31820/pt.30.3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31820/pt.30.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"The rising age of retirement may result in a larger number of workers with health problems. This is important since health is a key element in\u0000all aspects of life, including work. Although much research has been carried out into how work-life balance influences occupational health, very few studies have focused on how the ability to balance health needs\u0000and work demands (work-health balance) affects different organizational\u0000variables such as perceived work ability and affective job satisfaction. In a context in that the age of retirement is constantly rising, it is vital to explore those factors may help extend people’s working life in a balanced manner. The aim of this study was, therefore,\u0000to explore the mediating role of work-health balance in the relationship between perceived work ability (physical and mental) and affective job satisfaction. Using a cross-sectional sample of 294 workers aged 39 years and over, the study analysed the mediating role of\u0000the different dimensions of work-health balance (health climate, work-health incompatibility and external support) in the relationship between work ability (physical and mental) and affective job satisfaction. The data suggest that the health climate and work-health incompatibility dimensions mediate the relationship between work ability\u0000(physical and mental) and affective job satisfaction. Our findings are consistent with the current understanding of the role played by the balance between occupational health and the well-being of older workers.","PeriodicalId":20858,"journal":{"name":"Psihologijske teme","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82284358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Subjektivna dobrobit često je ispitivan konstrukt u psihološkim istraživanjima, a njegova popularnost sve više raste tijekom posljednjih tridesetak godina. Definira se kao spoj kognitivne evaluacije života i afektivnih tendencija. Međutim, u literaturi postoje određene nekonzistentnosti i razlike u njezinoj operacionalizaciji koje će se opisati u ovome radu. Nakon upoznavanja s konstruktom ovaj pregledni rad fokusirat će se na dva osnovna cilja. Za početak, predstavit će se dosadašnja saznanja o izvorima individualnih razlika u subjektivnoj dobrobiti na temelju istraživanja koja su koristila bihevioralno-genetičku metodologiju. Rezultati tih studija upućuju na umjerenu heritabilnost subjektivne dobrobiti koja se kreće u rasponu od 30 do 40 %. Glavni fokus zatim će biti na prikazivanju povezanosti subjektivne dobrobiti s osobinama ličnosti. Prvo će se predstaviti nalazi istraživanja na razini fenotipske povezanosti koji ukazuju na snažnu povezanost subjektivne dobrobiti s neuroticizmom, ekstraverzijom te u nešto manjoj mjeri sa savjesnošću. Te fenotipske korelacije u konačnici će se protumačiti iz bihevioralno-genetičke perspektive, odnosno prikazom nalaza istraživanja koja su se bavila ispitivanjem etiologije koja stoji u podlozi navedenih korelacija. Istraživanja jasno upućuju na preklapanje genske varijance između subjektivne dobrobiti i osobina ličnosti, a upitnim ostaje postoji li genski efekt subjektivne dobrobiti koji je nezavisan od ličnosti.
{"title":"Subjektivna dobrobit i osobine ličnosti","authors":"Martina Pocrnić, Denis Bratko","doi":"10.31820/pt.30.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31820/pt.30.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Subjektivna dobrobit često je ispitivan konstrukt u psihološkim istraživanjima, a njegova popularnost sve više raste tijekom posljednjih\u0000tridesetak godina. Definira se kao spoj kognitivne evaluacije života i afektivnih tendencija. Međutim, u literaturi postoje određene nekonzistentnosti i razlike u njezinoj operacionalizaciji koje će se opisati u ovome radu. Nakon upoznavanja s konstruktom ovaj pregledni rad\u0000fokusirat će se na dva osnovna cilja. Za početak, predstavit će se dosadašnja saznanja o izvorima individualnih razlika u subjektivnoj dobrobiti na temelju istraživanja koja su koristila bihevioralno-genetičku metodologiju. Rezultati tih studija upućuju na umjerenu heritabilnost subjektivne dobrobiti koja se kreće u rasponu od 30 do 40 %. Glavni fokus zatim će biti na prikazivanju povezanosti subjektivne dobrobiti s osobinama ličnosti. Prvo će se predstaviti nalazi istraživanja na razini fenotipske povezanosti koji ukazuju na snažnu povezanost subjektivne dobrobiti s neuroticizmom, ekstraverzijom te u nešto manjoj mjeri sa savjesnošću. Te fenotipske korelacije u konačnici će se protumačiti iz bihevioralno-genetičke perspektive, odnosno prikazom nalaza istraživanja koja su se bavila ispitivanjem etiologije koja stoji u podlozi navedenih korelacija. Istraživanja jasno\u0000upućuju na preklapanje genske varijance između subjektivne dobrobiti i osobina ličnosti, a upitnim ostaje postoji li genski efekt subjektivne dobrobiti koji je nezavisan od ličnosti.","PeriodicalId":20858,"journal":{"name":"Psihologijske teme","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88415070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to understand how willingness to help people in poverty and the agreement with providing government aid are connected to emotions and attributional processes, in a country with a high poverty rate such as Argentina. Differences in poverty attributions and emotions among self-reported social class are also analysed. A total sample of 331 secondary-school students completed self-administered questionnaires. Correlations and regression analyses showed that, whereas emotions such as compassion, empathy and pity seem to motivate helping behaviours, explanations as to the cause of poverty, rather than emotions, are closely associated with an agreement to providing government aid. However, low levels of anger seem to be required to endorse both helping behaviours and agreement to providing government aid. On the other hand, respondents who self-identify as belonging to upper classes report more anger and use fewer structural explanations to understand poverty than lower-classes respondents. We propose that future research analyse a greater variety of helping behaviours towards people in poverty and types of government intervention in the global south.
{"title":"Poverty Attributions and Emotions Associated With Willingness to Help and Government Aid","authors":"Lucas Yúdica, Franco Bastias, Edgardo Etchezahar","doi":"10.31820/pt.30.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31820/pt.30.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to understand how willingness to help people in poverty and the agreement with providing government aid are connected to emotions and attributional processes, in a country with a high poverty rate such as Argentina. Differences in poverty attributions and emotions\u0000among self-reported social class are also analysed. A total sample of 331 secondary-school students completed self-administered questionnaires. Correlations and regression analyses showed that, whereas emotions such as compassion, empathy and pity seem to motivate helping behaviours, explanations as to the cause of poverty, rather than\u0000emotions, are closely associated with an agreement to providing government aid. However, low levels of anger seem to be required to endorse both helping behaviours and agreement to providing government aid. On the other hand, respondents who self-identify as belonging to upper classes report more anger and use fewer structural explanations to\u0000understand poverty than lower-classes respondents. We propose that future research analyse a greater variety of helping behaviours towards people in poverty and types of government intervention in the global south.","PeriodicalId":20858,"journal":{"name":"Psihologijske teme","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84946002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Slavica Šimić Šašić, Ana Kalajžić, Anela Nikčević-Milković
Samoregulirano učenje (SRU) postalo je važan obrazovni cilj, a budući da ovisi o kontekstu u kojemu se događa, učitelji imaju važnu ulogu u poticanju razvoja učinkovitih strategija samoregulacije učenja. Cilj provedenoga istraživanja bio je ispitati učiteljsko poticanje SRU-a i njegov odnos s nekim sociodemografskim obilježjima učitelja (spol, radni staž, obrazovna razina), učiteljskim percepcijama o poučavanju i učenju, predanošću poslu i sagorijevanjem na poslu. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 299 učitelja razredne i predmetne nastave. Primijenjeni su sljedeći mjerni instrumenti: upitnik sociodemografskih obilježja, Skala poticanja samoreguliranoga učenja, Upitnik učiteljskih percepcija o poučavanju i učenju, Skala učiteljske predanosti i Oldenburški upitnik sagorijevanja. Rezultati su pokazali da učitelji poticanje SRU-a u suvremenoj nastavi smatraju važnim te da potiču SRU u radu s učenicima. Poučavanje i učenje dominantno percipiraju kao proces osnaživanja i poticanja razvoja učenika (učeniku usmjerene aktivnosti), što predstavlja odmak od tradicionalnih aktivnosti usmjerenih na učitelja. Nisu utvrđene razlike u poticanju SRU-a s obzirom na sociodemografska obilježja učitelja, ali utvrđene su neke razlike u učiteljskim percepcijama, predanosti i sagorijevanju. Utvrđena je povezanost poticanja SRU-a i dominantne percepcije poučavanja i učenja te predanosti poslu i sagorijevanja na poslu. Najsnažniji su prediktori poticanja SRU-a predanost školi i učenicima te percepcija poučavanja i učenja kao procesa osnaživanja i poticanja razvoja učenika.
{"title":"Poticanje samoreguliranoga učenja – uloga nekih sociodemografskih čimbenika, učiteljskih percepcija o poučavanju i učenju, predanosti poslu i sagorijevanja na poslu","authors":"Slavica Šimić Šašić, Ana Kalajžić, Anela Nikčević-Milković","doi":"10.31820/pt.30.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31820/pt.30.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"Samoregulirano učenje (SRU) postalo je važan obrazovni cilj, a budući da\u0000ovisi o kontekstu u kojemu se događa, učitelji imaju važnu ulogu u poticanju razvoja učinkovitih strategija samoregulacije učenja. Cilj provedenoga istraživanja bio je ispitati učiteljsko poticanje SRU-a i njegov odnos s nekim sociodemografskim obilježjima učitelja (spol, radni\u0000staž, obrazovna razina), učiteljskim percepcijama o poučavanju i učenju, predanošću poslu i sagorijevanjem na poslu. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 299 učitelja razredne i predmetne nastave. Primijenjeni su sljedeći mjerni instrumenti: upitnik sociodemografskih obilježja, Skala poticanja samoreguliranoga učenja, Upitnik učiteljskih percepcija o poučavanju i učenju, Skala učiteljske predanosti i Oldenburški upitnik sagorijevanja. Rezultati su pokazali da učitelji poticanje SRU-a u suvremenoj nastavi smatraju važnim te da potiču SRU u radu s učenicima. Poučavanje i učenje dominantno percipiraju kao proces osnaživanja i poticanja razvoja učenika (učeniku usmjerene aktivnosti), što predstavlja odmak od tradicionalnih aktivnosti usmjerenih na učitelja. Nisu utvrđene razlike u poticanju SRU-a s obzirom na sociodemografska obilježja učitelja, ali utvrđene su neke razlike u učiteljskim percepcijama, predanosti i sagorijevanju. Utvrđena je povezanost poticanja SRU-a i dominantne percepcije poučavanja i učenja te predanosti poslu i sagorijevanja na poslu. Najsnažniji su prediktori poticanja SRU-a predanost školi i učenicima te percepcija poučavanja i učenja kao procesa osnaživanja i poticanja razvoja učenika.","PeriodicalId":20858,"journal":{"name":"Psihologijske teme","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80683336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rodrigo Moreta-Herrera, D. Bonilla, Erika Ruperti-Lucero, Daniel Gavilanes-Gómez, Joselyn Zambrano-Estrella, Diego Vaca-Quintana, S. Domínguez-Lara
Objective: To analyse the internal structure of the 28-item version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), as well as its reliability and validity in relation to other variables in a sample of Ecuadorian university students. Method: Instrumental design with confirmatory factor analysis using weighted least square mean and variance adjusted (WLSMV) estimator, reliability and convergence and discrimination validity of the GHQ-28. Sample: 495 students (56.6% women), between 18 to 35 years old (M = 24.1 years; SD = 2.1), from three universities (59.6% public) in Ecuador. Results: The bifactor model of the GHQ-28 test has an adequate fit with χ2 = 357.81; p > .05; df = 322; χ2/df = 1.11; CFI = .991; TLI = .989; SRMR = .059; RMSEA = .015 [.000 – .023]; ωH = .93; ECV = .90; PUC = .78. The GHQ-28 is reliable and in terms of convergent validity, it correlates significantly and negatively with mental health, assessed by MHC-SF, and it is discriminant between risk and non-risk cases. Conclusion: The GHQ-28 bifactor model is replicable in Ecuadorian college students.
{"title":"Psychometric Properties of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) in Ecuadorian College Students","authors":"Rodrigo Moreta-Herrera, D. Bonilla, Erika Ruperti-Lucero, Daniel Gavilanes-Gómez, Joselyn Zambrano-Estrella, Diego Vaca-Quintana, S. Domínguez-Lara","doi":"10.31820/pt.30.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31820/pt.30.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To analyse the internal structure of the 28-item version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), as well as its reliability and validity in relation to other variables in a sample of Ecuadorian university students. Method: Instrumental design with confirmatory factor analysis using weighted least square mean and variance adjusted (WLSMV) estimator, reliability and convergence and discrimination validity of the GHQ-28. Sample: 495 students (56.6% women), between 18 to 35 years old (M = 24.1 years; SD = 2.1), from three universities (59.6% public) in Ecuador. Results: The bifactor model of the GHQ-28 test has an adequate fit with χ2 = 357.81; p > .05; df = 322; χ2/df =\u00001.11; CFI = .991; TLI = .989; SRMR = .059; RMSEA = .015 [.000 – .023]; ωH = .93; ECV = .90; PUC = .78. The GHQ-28 is reliable and in terms of convergent validity, it correlates significantly and negatively with mental health, assessed by MHC-SF, and it is discriminant between risk and non-risk cases. Conclusion: The GHQ-28 bifactor model is replicable in Ecuadorian college students.","PeriodicalId":20858,"journal":{"name":"Psihologijske teme","volume":"580 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77799564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Nakić Radoš, Marijana Matijaš, Maja Brekalo, Rebecca Webb, S. Ayers
The City Infant Faces Database (CIFD; Webb et al., 2018) is a database of 154 infant emotional expressions for use in experimental studies of infant facial communication, facial expression recognition, and parental sensitivity. The CIFD was validated only in a small sample from the general public and student midwives and nurses in the UK. This study, therefore, aimed to validate it in a larger sample of Croatian students and parents of 1-12 months old infants. Three-hundred and fifty students (Study 1), 422 mothers and 106 fathers (Study 2) were presented with images of Caucasian infant faces. The students rated images from the CIFD and Tromsø Infant Faces. They also completed questionnaires measuring empathy, alexithymia, and perceiving and expressing emotions. The parents rated the valence of facial expressions of images from the CIFD. The results were consistent with the initial validation in both the students and parents’ sample, except that agreement for negative images was lower for Croatian parents than in the UK study. Compared to the UK study, students rated images as more intense, clear, genuine, and reported stronger internal emotion. Furthermore, there was no difference in accuracy between mothers and fathers or between first-time parents and experienced parents. The CIFD is, therefore, a promising tool for research and should be further validated in other countries, focusing on its predictive validity.
{"title":"Validation of the City Infant Faces Database in Student and Parent Samples","authors":"S. Nakić Radoš, Marijana Matijaš, Maja Brekalo, Rebecca Webb, S. Ayers","doi":"10.31820/pt.30.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31820/pt.30.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"The City Infant Faces Database (CIFD; Webb et al., 2018) is a database of 154 infant emotional expressions for use in experimental studies of infant facial communication, facial expression recognition, and parental sensitivity. The CIFD was validated only in a small sample from the general public and student midwives and nurses in the UK. This study, therefore, aimed to validate it in a larger sample of Croatian students and parents of 1-12 months old infants. Three-hundred and fifty\u0000students (Study 1), 422 mothers and 106 fathers (Study 2) were presented with images of Caucasian infant faces. The students rated images from the CIFD and Tromsø Infant Faces. They also completed questionnaires measuring empathy, alexithymia, and perceiving and expressing emotions. The parents rated the valence of facial expressions\u0000of images from the CIFD. The results were consistent with the initial validation in both the students and parents’ sample, except that agreement for negative images was lower for Croatian parents than in the\u0000UK study. Compared to the UK study, students rated images as more intense, clear, genuine, and reported stronger internal emotion. Furthermore, there was no difference in accuracy between mothers and fathers or between first-time parents and experienced parents. The CIFD is, therefore, a promising tool for research and should be further validated in other countries, focusing on its predictive validity.","PeriodicalId":20858,"journal":{"name":"Psihologijske teme","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85401803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U psiholingvistici i kognitivnoj lingvistici mehanizmi obrade dvosmislenih jezičnih konstrukcija privlače pažnju jer njihovo razumijevanje može mnogo toga reći o fundamentalnim procesima razumijevanja jezika – povezivanju pojmova u jednu koherentnu reprezentaciju. U širokome spektru istraživanja o temi kognitivne obrade ovaj se rad fokusira na jednu vrstu dvosmislenosti za koju su različita istraživanja u različitim jezicima utvrdila kontradiktorne principe obrade: na sintaktičku dvosmislenost odnosne rečenice, do danas uvjerljivo najčešću i najkontroverzniju rečeničnu konstrukciju za istraživanje jezične obrade. Tekst nudi pregled empirijskih nalaza, hipoteza i implikacija za šire modele kognitivne obrade, uključujući njihove kontradiktornosti i metodološka pitanja koja zavređuju daljnje ispitivanje. Zaključna razmatranja sumiraju nalaze, nedostatke i nužne pravce za buduća istraživanja.
{"title":"Kognitivna obrada sintaktički dvosmislenih konstrukcija","authors":"Marko Vladisavljević, Ksenija Bogetić","doi":"10.31820/pt.30.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31820/pt.30.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"U psiholingvistici i kognitivnoj lingvistici mehanizmi obrade dvosmislenih jezičnih konstrukcija privlače pažnju jer njihovo razumijevanje može mnogo toga reći o fundamentalnim procesima razumijevanja jezika – povezivanju pojmova u jednu koherentnu reprezentaciju. U širokome spektru istraživanja o temi kognitivne obrade ovaj se rad fokusira na jednu vrstu dvosmislenosti za koju su različita istraživanja u različitim jezicima utvrdila kontradiktorne principe obrade: na sintaktičku dvosmislenost odnosne rečenice, do danas uvjerljivo najčešću i najkontroverzniju rečeničnu konstrukciju za istraživanje jezične obrade. Tekst nudi pregled empirijskih nalaza, hipoteza i implikacija za šire modele kognitivne obrade, uključujući njihove kontradiktornosti i metodološka pitanja koja zavređuju daljnje ispitivanje. Zaključna razmatranja sumiraju nalaze, nedostatke i nužne pravce za buduća istraživanja.","PeriodicalId":20858,"journal":{"name":"Psihologijske teme","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86979026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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