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Phase Relation Studies in the CeO2-Sm2O3 System at 1500 to 600 °C in Air 1500 ~ 600℃空气中CeO2-Sm2O3体系的相关系研究
Pub Date : 2020-02-03 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2020.12.000795
Andrievskaya Er, Kornienko Oa, Yurchenko Yu
Introduction For many years, CeO2-based materials have been mainly used as catalysts and pigments in ceramics or glasses. Today ceria based materials are of great worldwide interest for many engineering applications such as catalysts, solid electrolytes, laser media, radio wave absorbers, components for electronics, and so on. Much attention is now focused on development of alternative power sources which are based on electrochemical devices, in particular on fuel cells. As solid electrolytes for fuel cells that operate at high temperatures (up to 1000 °С), materials on the basis of Y2O3 stabilized zirconia are used, whereas ceria based solid solutions are promising as electrolytes operating at moderate temperatures (tо 600 °С) [1-10].
多年来,ceo2基材料主要用作陶瓷或玻璃中的催化剂和颜料。如今,铈基材料在世界范围内的许多工程应用中都引起了人们的极大兴趣,如催化剂、固体电解质、激光介质、无线电波吸收剂、电子元件等。目前,人们非常重视以电化学装置,特别是燃料电池为基础的替代能源的开发。作为在高温(高达1000°С)下工作的燃料电池的固体电解质,使用基于Y2O3稳定的氧化锆的材料,而基于二氧化铈的固溶体则有希望作为在中等温度下工作的电解质(600°С)[1-10]。
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引用次数: 1
Metal Nanoparticles in Immunotherapy: Applications, Limitations and Pespectives 金属纳米粒子在免疫治疗中的应用、局限性和前景
Pub Date : 2020-01-09 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2020.12.000793
M. Dukhinova, M. Shestovskaya, A. Shtil
Metal nanoparticles (NPs) functionalize numerous cell populations critical for combating cancer, bacterial and viral infections, parasites, etc. Essentially, among the target cells that encounter NPs are the immune cells, one of the first responders and transmitters of external signals in the organism. Heterogeneity of the immune cell populations complicate the systemic analysis and NPs adjustment for immunomodulation; also, severe complications should be taken into consideration since the cells can respond unpredictably to the treatment. Nevertheless, the application of NP in medicine is rapidly emerging, therefore the above limitations must be carefully addressed.
金属纳米颗粒(NPs)使许多细胞群功能化,对对抗癌症、细菌和病毒感染、寄生虫等至关重要。从本质上讲,在遇到NPs的靶细胞中,免疫细胞是生物体中外部信号的第一反应者和传递者之一。免疫细胞群的异质性使免疫调节的系统分析和NPs调节复杂化;此外,还应考虑到严重的并发症,因为细胞可能对治疗产生不可预测的反应。然而,NP在医学上的应用正在迅速兴起,因此必须仔细解决上述限制。
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引用次数: 0
The Sway of Effect Pulse Energies of LSP Pathways on AHSS-DP 350/600 LSP路径脉冲能量对AHSS-DP 350/600的影响
Pub Date : 2019-12-03 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2019.12.000789
Baidoo Philip
Laser shock processing (LSP) is accountably novel material outward layer body modification technology. It employs high power laser to inflict a well-built hit wave on material outer body layer to refine the material structure and induce residual stress beneficially into outward appearance Cheng et al. [1] worked on the effects of LSP on Nano-hardness, elastic modulus and surface residual stress of Fe-Ni alloy and investigated. The importance of tiny-hardness and elastic modulus on Fe-Ni alloy after LSP were measured by the Nano indentation technology. The marked residual effort outward layer by XRD with sin2ψ and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation of the microstructure before and after LSP solutions were captured. Execute resulted that outer appearance of the tiny-hardness, elastic modulus and outward residual effort in LSP region, were obviously raised to a desirable point as against non-LSP region. Banderas et al. [2] emphatically alarmed on a paper the negative side of an absorbent overlay on the residual stress field using LSP setup and the energy level were evaluated. The Residual defects spread in multiples have a character of inner depth governed by the drilling behavior. It was seen that the overspread of residual stress move the write-about to a position changed on the outer side on the specimen. The prevention of coating the specimen surface after LSP have improved wear and contact fatigue properties of this aluminum alloy. Guan et al. [3] confirmed also in the work done on tiny-indentation used to handle measuring tiny films on mechanical properties, including elastic modulus and tiny-hardness. The pithy-hardness and elastic modulus samples manufacture have a series of effects by LSP during LY2 aluminum alloy worked. The outcome of the result shown Nanoindentation techniques values increased by 58.13% and 61.74% as compared to non-LSP. LPS improved metal mechanical strength which governed fatigue property and corrosion resistance were alarmed. Hill et al. [4] investigated that the advance-cycle fatigue feats in accordance with 7085-T7651 aluminum treated with a sample of LSP and anodization. The Stress-feats and fatigue-data were ignited in a high-level humidity environment which used smooth (Kt = 1) specimens test at a stress ratio (R= 0.1). This resulted that shocked specimens chanced-out higher significant improvement in fatigue performance. Crimson Publishers Wings to the Research Research Article
激光冲击加工(LSP)是一种新型的材料外表面改性技术。Cheng等[1]研究了LSP对Fe-Ni合金纳米硬度、弹性模量和表面残余应力的影响,并研究了LSP对Fe-Ni合金纳米硬度、弹性模量和表面残余应力的影响。采用纳米压痕技术测定了Fe-Ni合金在LSP后的显微硬度和弹性模量的重要性。利用sin2ψ的XRD和扫描电镜(SEM)对LSP溶液前后的微观结构进行了观察。结果表明,与非LSP区域相比,LSP区域的显微硬度、弹性模量和向外残余力明显提高到理想的程度。Banderas等人[2]在一篇论文中强调警告,使用LSP设置并评估了吸收剂覆盖在残余应力场上的负侧,并对能级进行了评估。以倍数分布的残余缺陷具有由钻孔行为控制的内部深度特征。结果表明,残余应力的扩散使write-about移动到试样外侧改变的位置。LSP后试样表面涂层的防止,提高了该铝合金的磨损和接触疲劳性能。Guan等人[3]在用于测量微小薄膜的力学性能(包括弹性模量和微小硬度)的微压痕工作中也证实了这一点。在LY2铝合金加工过程中,LSP对样品的硬度和弹性模量有一系列的影响。结果表明,与非lsp相比,纳米压痕技术值分别提高了58.13%和61.74%。LPS提高了金属的机械强度,对金属的疲劳性能和耐蚀性有显著的影响。Hill等人[4]研究了7085-T7651铝材经LSP和阳极氧化试样处理后的提前循环疲劳特性。应力特性和疲劳数据在高湿度环境下点火,使用光滑(Kt = 1)试样在应力比(R= 0.1)下进行测试。结果表明,冲击试样的疲劳性能得到了更显著的改善。深红出版社的研究之翼研究文章
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引用次数: 1
Study of the Compression Resistance of a Geopolymer Based Composite with Added Jute Fiber 添加黄麻纤维的地聚合物基复合材料抗压性能研究
Pub Date : 2019-12-02 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2019.12.000788
G. Lopes, Vicente Paes, João dos Santos, L.M.M. Alves
The preservation of the environment is a very important topic that has been gaining adherents after the industrial revolution. Global warming, burning, melting glaciers, climate change, pollution and major natural disasters in general are some examples of impacts that have raised the concern of large groups of people about the world we live in. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the actions and products used that contribute to this degradation and look for alternatives to reduce the risks to the planet, aiming to improve harmony with nature in the present and in the future. In construction, concrete is one of the most widely used substances in the world and requires large amounts of Portland cement, which produces large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2). Thus, with this very significant detriment to the environment, comes the importance of innovative and alternative ways of substituting this material [1]. Geopolymers appear as an alternative option that not only offers less risk to the environment, but also has good mechanical properties that make them a building material of great need for future study and projection [2]. The production of the geopolymers is through a reaction composed of a solid phase, called precursor, and a liquid phase, known as activator [3]. The precursor is characterized by reactive aluminosilicate materials, frequently used metakaolin and fly ash. The activator is composed of an alkaline solution, usually sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH). In general, regardless of the aluminosilicate material used, the macroscopic characteristics of the product will be similar [4]. Geopolymeric cement is a mixture based on polysiloxosialate, which is an aluminosilicate (Al-Si-O), sodium, potassium and calcium (Na, K, Ca-PSS) compound and has high mechanical strength, durability and surface hardness [3]. Based on the composition and aggregates used, it is able to acquire other properties such as higher initial resistance [2], chemical resistance and refractoriness [4]. The use of fibrous reinforcement in geopolymer composites aims to obtain better properties for composites [5]. Due to their low cost and easy production, natural fibers began to be more researched, aiming to provide better properties for the material [6].
环境保护是一个非常重要的话题,在工业革命之后得到了越来越多的关注。全球变暖、冰川燃烧、融化、气候变化、污染和一般的重大自然灾害,这些影响引起了许多人对我们所生活的世界的关注。因此,有必要确定导致这种退化的行为和使用的产品,并寻找替代方案来减少对地球的风险,旨在改善现在和未来与自然的和谐。在建筑中,混凝土是世界上使用最广泛的物质之一,需要大量的波特兰水泥,这会产生大量的二氧化碳(CO2)。因此,随着这种对环境的严重损害,创新和替代这种材料的替代方法变得非常重要[1]。地聚合物作为一种替代选择出现,不仅对环境的风险较小,而且具有良好的力学性能,使其成为未来研究和预测的重要建筑材料[2]。地聚合物的生产是通过由称为前驱体的固相和称为活化剂的液相组成的反应[3]。前驱体以活性硅酸铝材料、常使用的偏高岭土和粉煤灰为主要原料。活化剂由碱性溶液组成,通常是氢氧化钠(NaOH)或氢氧化钾(KOH)。一般情况下,无论采用哪种硅酸铝材料,产品的宏观特性都是相似的[4]。地聚合物水泥是以聚硅酸盐为基料的混合物,是一种铝硅酸盐(Al-Si-O)、钠、钾和钙(Na、K、Ca-PSS)化合物,具有较高的机械强度、耐久性和表面硬度[3]。根据所使用的成分和骨料,它可以获得其他性能,如更高的初始电阻[2],耐化学性和耐火度[4]。在地聚合物复合材料中使用纤维增强材料是为了获得更好的复合材料性能[5]。由于天然纤维成本低,易于生产,人们开始对其进行更多的研究,旨在为材料提供更好的性能[6]。
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引用次数: 1
Blockchain is Boundless and Exciting, but we Have to Keep Both Feet on the Ground 区块链是无限的,令人兴奋的,但我们必须脚踏实地
Pub Date : 2019-11-21 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2019.12.000787
J. Veuger
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引用次数: 0
Antioxidant Activity of Leaf Extract of Calotropis Procera Tree in Alkufra City Alkufra市牛角糖叶提取物的抗氧化活性研究
Pub Date : 2019-11-15 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2019.12.000786
N. Aali
Calotropis procera, Apocynaceae, belongs to the family Asdepiadaceae, It occurs in most parts of the tropical world, in dry sandy and alkaline soils, in waste land and grows abundantly as a weed [1], Calotropis gigantea is Worldwide known by various names such as swallowwort, dead-sea apple, sodom apple or milk weed. It has been widely used in the Sudanese, Unani, Arabic and Indian traditional medicinal system for the treatment of various diseases namely leprosy, ulcers, piles and diseases of the spleen, liver and abdomen [2]. Calotropis procera, a wild growing plant of family Asclepiadaceae, is well known for its medicinal properties. Different parts of this plant have been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant properties. It is found in most parts of the world in dry, sandy and alkaline soils and warm climate and is more common in south western and central India and western Himalayas. It is found in waste lands and grows as a weed in agricultural lands. In ancient Ayurvedic medicines the plant Calotropis procera was known as “Rakta arka” [3]. Medicinally important parts of this plant are flower, terminal leaf pairs, root with root bark and latex. Out of that the most significant part which drew attention of researchers is latex because of its medicinal properties, economic use for cheese and rubber production. Latex contain majority of hydrocarbon contents have established this plant as a source of bio-energy. The plant also shows good antibacterial activity 3M, all parts of the plant exude white latex when cut or broken. The latex contains a range of toxic compounds. These toxins are believed to have a role in the plant’s defence against insects, mites and pathogens [4]. The latex has been reported to comprise chitinases, proteinases and anti-oxidative enzymes [5]. Calotropis species is used for the treatment of bronchitis, pain, asthma, leprosy, ulcers, piles, spleen, tumors, liver, abdomen and dyspepsia; it is also used frequently for cold, fever, diarrhea, rheumatism, indigestion, eczema and jaundice. Different parts of the plant were used for the treatment of several diseases such as stem for skin disease, intestinal worms, leprosy, leucoderma; the roots are used for the treatment of leprosy, asthma, cough, elephantiasis, rheumatism and diarrhea; latex and leaves are used for swelling and joint pain; oil massage can be used for paralyzed part; juice of Calotropis was used for purgation [6].
Calotropis procera, Apocynaceae,属于Asdepiadaceae,它分布在热带世界的大部分地区,在干燥的沙质和碱性土壤中,在荒地中,作为杂草大量生长[1],Calotropis gigantea在世界范围内以各种名称而闻名,如燕草,死海苹果,索多玛苹果或乳草。在苏丹、乌纳尼、阿拉伯和印度的传统医药体系中,它被广泛用于治疗各种疾病,如麻风病、溃疡、痔疮和脾、肝、腹等疾病[2]。牛角石(Calotropis procera)是牛角石科野生植物,具有丰富的药用价值。据报道,这种植物的不同部位具有抗炎、镇痛和抗氧化的特性。它分布在世界上大部分干燥、沙质和碱性土壤以及温暖的气候中,在印度西南部和中部以及喜马拉雅山脉西部更为常见。它生长在荒地上,作为杂草生长在农田里。在古代阿育吠陀医学中,植物Calotropis procera被称为“Rakta arka”[3]。药用上重要的部分是这种植物的花,顶叶对,根与根皮和乳胶。其中最引人注目的部分是乳胶,因为它的药用性能,奶酪和橡胶生产的经济用途。胶乳含有大部分的碳氢化合物,已经确立了这种植物作为生物能源的来源。植物还具有良好的抗菌活性3M,植物的所有部分在切割或断裂时都会渗出白色乳胶。乳胶含有一系列有毒化合物。这些毒素被认为在植物抵御昆虫、螨虫和病原体方面发挥作用[4]。据报道,乳胶含有几丁质酶、蛋白酶和抗氧化酶[5]。曲风属用于治疗支气管炎、疼痛、哮喘、麻风病、溃疡、痔疮、脾脏、肿瘤、肝脏、腹部和消化不良;它也经常用于感冒,发烧,腹泻,风湿病,消化不良,湿疹和黄疸。该植物的不同部位被用于治疗几种疾病,如用于皮肤病,肠蠕虫,麻风病,白皮病的茎;其根用于治疗麻风病、哮喘、咳嗽、象皮病、风湿病和腹泻;乳胶和叶子用于肿胀和关节疼痛;油按摩可用于麻痹部位;用甘露汁进行净化[6]。
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引用次数: 0
Links Between Mechanical Properties and Local Atomic Structures of Cu–Zr Bulk Metallic Glasses Cu-Zr大块金属玻璃力学性能与局部原子结构的关系
Pub Date : 2019-11-14 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2019.12.000785
S. Jekal
Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have drawn much attention due to their interesting mechanical properties such as extraordinary elastic strain limits and a high tensile yield stress [1-6]. For example, their yield strengths can be up to 1 to 5GPa and elastic strain limits up to ~2% [7-10]. However, their use for engineering applications has been challenging since BMGs exhibit localized strain softening leading to failure and brittleness. The underlying atomicscale plastic mechanisms are believed to be mediated by a local microscopic mechanism [11-14]. Such localized processes have been observed during high-strain deformation atomistuc simulations [15-22] inspiring the development of the shear transformation zone (STZ) concept and the effective temperature theory of athermal glass plasticity [23-25].
大块金属玻璃(bmg)因其优异的弹性应变极限和高拉伸屈服应力等力学性能而备受关注[1-6]。例如,它们的屈服强度可达1 ~ 5GPa,弹性应变极限可达~2%[7-10]。然而,由于bmg表现出局部应变软化,导致失效和脆性,因此它们在工程应用中的应用一直具有挑战性。潜在的原子尺度塑性机制被认为是由局部微观机制介导的[11-14]。这种局部化过程已经在高应变变形原子模拟中被观察到[15-22],激发了剪切转变区(STZ)概念和非热玻璃塑性有效温度理论的发展[23-25]。
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引用次数: 0
Titanium Oxide and their Effects on Structure, Physical Properties and Electrochemical Corrosion Parameters of Alloys 氧化钛及其对合金结构、物理性能和电化学腐蚀参数的影响
Pub Date : 2019-11-12 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2019.12.000784
Abu Bakr El Bediwi
Materials are so significant in the development of civilization. Almost no metals are used in pure form, but they are always combined with each other to recover one or more properties. An alloy may be defined as a substance that has the metallic properties and is composed of two or more chemical elements of which at least one is a metal. Most alloys are great importance in industry and in the arts than are the pure metals. Several researches reported that, modification structure by adding alloying elements to tin or bismuth-based alloys caused minor/ or major effects on measured physical properties such as elastic modulus, hardness, meting temperature, internal friction, spreading, resistivity and electrochemical corrosion behavior with corrosion parameters [1-17]. Microstructure, mechanical and thermal properties of bismuth or tin based alloys are studied [18-23] studied at different conditions. Matrix structure of these alloys is changed which effects on all measured physical properties.
物质在文明的发展中是如此重要。几乎没有金属以纯形式使用,但它们总是相互结合以恢复一种或多种特性。合金可以定义为具有金属性质并由至少一种为金属的两种或两种以上化学元素组成的物质。大多数合金在工业和艺术中比纯金属更重要。一些研究报道,通过在锡或铋基合金中添加合金元素来修饰结构,对测量的物理性能如弹性模量、硬度、接触温度、内摩擦、扩散、电阻率和电化学腐蚀行为等产生或大或小的影响[1-17]。研究了铋基或锡基合金在不同条件下的显微组织、力学性能和热性能[18-23]。这些合金的基体结构发生改变,从而影响所有测量的物理性能。
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引用次数: 0
Anode Catalyst Development for Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cell 直接甲酸燃料电池阳极催化剂的研制
Pub Date : 2019-11-07 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2019.12.000783
T. Tsujiguchi
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引用次数: 0
Libra and Anxiety Rhetoric: Fear to be Eaten 天秤座和焦虑:害怕被吃掉
Pub Date : 2019-11-06 DOI: 10.31031/rdms.2019.12.000782
J. Veuger
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Research & Development in Material Science
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