Psychology Research and Behavior Management最新文献

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) and depression are highly comorbid and increase mortality risk. Although age-related eye diseases (AREDs) are independently associated with CHD and depression, their link to comorbidity remains unknown. Therefore, we aim to investigate the association between AREDs and the comorbidity of CHD and depression.

Methods: Using UK Biobank data, we conducted a prospective cohort analysis with baseline assessments from March 2006 to December 2010 and follow-up until July 2021. AREDs include age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, cataract, and diabetes-related eye diseases (DRED). Incident cases were identified via self-reports and hospital records. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models were applied to investigate the association between AREDs and comorbidity risk.

Results: Among 116,501 participants free of CHD and depression at baseline, 7,750 (6.65%), 3,682 (3.16%), and 741 (0.64%) developed CHD, depression, and their comorbidity over a mean of 11.82 years (inter-quartile range: 11.51-13.11) of follow-up. After adjusting for confounders, individuals with AREDs had a higher risk of developing CHD (hazard ratio [HR] 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-1.17), depression (HR 1.28, 95% CI: 1.16-1.42), and comorbidity (HR 1.37, 95% CI: 1.12-1.67). Compared to those without AREDs, individuals with cataract were associated with increased risks of comorbidity (HR 1.57, 95% CI: 1.23-2.03) and depression (HR 1.26, 95% CI: 1.10-1.43), while those with DRED had an increased risk of incident CHD (HR 1.33, 95% CI: 1.13-1.56).

Conclusion: The study found that individuals with AREDs had a higher risk of comorbid CHD and depression than of either condition independently. Our findings highlighted the importance of screening for the comorbidity of CHD and depression in the longitudinal management of AREDs.

Purpose: Existing research on mortality salience (MS) and prosocial behavior demonstrates inconsistent findings, suggesting potential moderation by psychological variables. One such potential moderator is temporal perspective, which fundamentally shapes individuals' understanding of life course. This study examines how temporal perspective moderates the effect of MS on prosocial behavior.

Patients and methods: A 3 (blank control vs linear temporal perspective vs cyclical temporal perspective) × 2 (MS vs dental pain) between-subjects design was implemented. Participants (N=212) were randomly assigned to different groups. Prosocial behavior was measured through self-reported helping intentions. Participants' prosocial behavior was compared across six experimental conditions defined by the combination of temporal perspective and MS manipulations.

Results: MS significantly increased prosocial behavior relative to control. Temporal perspective moderated this effect: Linear priming amplified MS-induced prosociality, whereas cyclical priming attenuated the effect to non-significance. Control group showed moderate MS effects. Critically, a significant interaction emerged between temporal perspective and MS in predicting prosocial behavior.

Conclusion: The findings reconcile previous inconsistencies by demonstrating temporal perspective's critical moderating role. Linear temporal perspective strengthens MS effects through enhanced existential threat awareness, while cyclical temporal perspective helps individuals avoid the awareness of mortality's inevitability via natural cycle conceptualizations. This suggests temporal cognition interventions could modulate prosocial outcomes in death-related contexts, with implications for terror management applications in social behavior modification.

Aim: To systematically integrate the psychosocial experiences and coping mechanisms of AIDS patients after the disease, and to understand their true feelings, in order to provide a basis for better implementation of psychological interventions for AIDS patients.

Methods: An automated search of the Cochrane Library, PubMed, JBI, CINAHL, Web of Science, EBSCO, Embase database, CNKI, Wanfang Database, Wipro Database, and SinoMed from the database's creation until March 2025 turned up all the literature on the psychosocial experience of AIDS patients and response strategies. The quality of the gathered literature was assessed using the JBI Center for Evidence-Based Health Care's 2016 Qualitative Research Evaluation Tool, and the results were compiled and interpreted using the pooled synthesis approach.

Results: A total of 15 papers were included, and 36 themes were distilled and grouped into 11 new categories, which were brought together into 3 integrative results: complex psychological responses: identity ruptures and struggles, reconstructing psychological adaptations: and from collapse to reconstruction, adapting coping strategies: from passive acceptance to active resistance.

Conclusion: The psychosocial experience of AIDS patients is multidimensional and dynamic, and clinical staff should pay attention to the psychosocial problems of patients. In the future, through policy optimization, individual empowerment and social support, personalized psychological intervention and effective health education will be provided to build a more inclusive AIDS care ecosystem.

Patient or public contribution: This systematic review did not directly involve people living with HIV to design or conduct the review. However, this finding will inform a qualitative study designed to explore the psychosocial feelings and illness coping experiences of people living with AIDS.

This paper systematically reviews domestic and international empirical research and legal literature to examine the challenges faced by family caregivers of individuals with mental disorders in China in terms of mental health, as well as the current state of legal protection for such caregivers. Caregivers face anxiety, depression, and stress, with the root causes lying in the high intensity of caregiving tasks, economic and opportunity costs, social stigma, and insufficient social support. However, current laws, such as the Mental Health Law, primarily emphasize family obligations, with insufficient provisions for support and relief mechanisms targeting caregivers' own mental health, leading to a long-standing imbalance between responsibilities and rights. This paper draws on legislative experiences from Western countries in areas such as psychological support, respite services, and flexible work arrangements to explore pathways for improving China's legal protection system for caregivers. Research indicates that, by safeguarding caregivers' mental health as a legal right rather than merely a welfare benefit, introducing specialized support provisions, and promoting the legalization of social policies, significant improvements can be made in caregivers' mental health, thereby enhancing the overall level of mental health services. From a legal commentary and comparative research perspective, this paper proposes a practical legislative framework, providing theoretical foundations and practical references for future reforms in mental health legislation and policy optimization.

Background and aims: Nomophobia, the anxiety associated with smartphone separation, is well-studied in adolescents and adults, but less so in younger children. This study aimed to evaluate nomophobia severity among Spanish children aged 9-13 in urban settings and establish a data-driven cutoff for identifying severe risk.

Methods: A sample of 1153 children with weekly smartphone use from seven urban schools (populations >50,000) completed the 32-item Nomophobia Questionnaire for Children (NQC) and the STAIC State Anxiety measure. Data were collected from February to April 2024. Hierarchical clustering grouped NQC scores into severity categories, followed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis to determine a severe-risk threshold.

Results: Hierarchical clustering identified two groups: a "Low-to-Moderate Nomophobia" cluster (96.88%; n=1117) and a "Severe Nomophobia" cluster (3.12%; n=36). ROC analysis established a cutoff of 101.5 (AUC=0.993, sensitivity=0.889, specificity=0.979), with 4.86% (n=56) exceeding this threshold. Children above the cutoff showed higher state anxiety (p=0.019), with no significant sex differences.

Discussion: Most children exhibited mild to moderate nomophobia, but ~5% displayed severe levels associated with increased state anxiety and phone use duration. The NQC ≥ 101.5 cutoff effectively identifies this at-risk minority without overestimating prevalence, offering a practical screening tool.

Conclusion: Combining hierarchical clustering and ROC analysis yielded a robust threshold (NQC ≥ 101.5) for detecting severe nomophobia in urban Spanish children, highlighting a small subgroup at elevated psychological risk. Future studies should validate this cutoff cross-culturally and longitudinally to guide early interventions.

Purpose: Increased subjective well-being (SWB) during adolescence significantly predicts higher levels of SWB, greater income, and more harmonious relationships in adulthood. However, addictive behaviors (including substance addictions and behavioral addictions) may trigger mental health problems, thereby adversely affecting adolescents' SWB. Therefore, this study aims to explore the mediating role of mental health problems in the process by which addictive behaviors affect adolescents' SWB.

Methods: We employed a cross - sectional study design, utilizing data from the 2017/18 Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey. The sample includes 76,261 adolescents aged 10 to 16 from multiple countries and regions in Europe and North America. In order to explore the relationship between addictive behaviors, mental health problems and SWB, the study used Pearson correlation analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) for statistical analysis.

Results: Based on the hypothesis, SEM results showed that mental health problems partially mediated the relationship between substance addiction and SWB (β = -0.044, 95% CI: -0.046--0.041). The mediation effect accounted for 59.46%. It also partially mediated the relationship between behavioral addiction and SWB (β = -0.362, 95% CI: -0.379--0.347). The mediation effect accounted for 89.16%.

Conclusion: This study found that mental health problems mediate the effect of addictive behavior on SWB. The results reveal the mechanism by which addictive behavior reduces SWB through mental health problems, providing a scientific basis for targeted interventions. It is recommended that multi-level coordinated interventions, including early screening, health education, family support, and policy regulation, be implemented to improve overall well-being.

Background: Sleep quality has emerged as a critical public health concern, yet our understanding of how multiple determinants interact to influence sleep outcomes remains limited. This study employed partial correlation network analysis to examine the hierarchical structure of sleep quality determinants among Chinese adults.

Methods: We investigated the interrelationships among nine key factors: daily activity rhythm, social interaction frequency, work-life balance, light exposure, physical activity level, time control perception, shift work, weekend catch-up sleep, and sleep quality using the extended Bayesian Information Criterion (EBIC) glasso model. The study included 8,127 Chinese adults (51.0% female, mean age = 32.7 years).

Results: Results revealed that 79.9% of sleep quality variance could be explained by surrounding variables in the network. Time control perception emerged as a proximal factor, demonstrating the highest centrality (strength = 1.85, betweenness = 1.92, closeness = 1.88) and strongest connections to sleep quality. Behavioral factors (physical activity level, shift work, work-life balance) functioned as intermediate mechanisms, while environmental and temporal patterns (light exposure, weekend catch-up sleep, social interaction frequency, daily activity rhythm) operated as distal influences. Network stability analysis showed robust estimation precision (CS coefficients > 0.70 for all centrality measures).

Conclusion: These findings advance our theoretical understanding of sleep quality as embedded within a dynamic network of interacting factors and provide empirical support for targeted interventions focusing on time control perception and behavioral mediators to improve sleep outcomes. The network perspective offers novel insights for developing effective, hierarchically structured approaches to sleep quality enhancement in contemporary society.

Purpose: A network analysis model was used to investigate the network structure linking food intake and mental health among middle school students in Shandong Province from a specific symptom perspective.

Methods: A total of 6179 middle school students aged 11-18 years in Shandong Province were included in the study. The modified Chinese Diet Quality Questionnaire (DQQ) and Symptom Check List 90 (SCL-90) were used to estimate the status of food intake and mental health, respectively. Network analysis was performed to explore the potential associations between food intake and mental health.

Results: The symptom with the highest strength was "Frequency of eating eggs in the last week (FI-9)". "Obsessive compulsive (SCL-2)" was the symptom with the highest bridge strength. "Obsessive compulsive (SCL-2)" and "Frequency of eating eggs in the last week (FI-9)" were the most strongly related (weight=0.09).

Conclusion: From a network analysis perspective, this study identified complex pathways of correlations between specific food intake such as eggs, fruits and the appearance of abnormal psychological symptoms such as anxiety, depressive, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in middle school students. In the future, medical professionals may adopt appropriate interventions based on the centrality index and bridging centrality indicators identified in this study to effectively reduce the comorbidity of eating issues and poor mental health status in middle school students.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S522652.].

Background: Users may develop cyberchondria if they seek information about health issues excessively in online healthcare platforms. This can lead to a decline in their subjective well-being, which is essential for overall health. From the perspective of cyberchondria, we aim to investigate the factors influencing subjective well-being within the online healthcare context. Therefore, this study focuses on users' subjective well-being, exploring the internal mechanism linking cyberchondria and subjective well-being.

Methods: This study uses Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to explore the internal mechanism of subjective well-being. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in China. The constructs in this study were measured based on previous mature scales. Data were collected from 299 users of online healthcare platforms for analysis.

Results: The findings indicate that cyberchondria can lead to information anxiety and intermittent discontinuance. Information anxiety can affect subjective well-being. Furthermore, the study reveals that information avoidance plays a significant moderating role in these relationships.

Conclusion: This study is innovative in its exploration of subjective well-being, offering valuable insights for users of online health platforms. Additionally, it highlights the moderating effect of information avoidance on cyberchondria, information anxiety, and intermittent discontinuance, which could enrich research into subjective well-being in the context of healthcare. The findings of this study could be used to improve the subjective well-being among users of online health platforms.