Xiong Zhang, Min Zhou, Xiaorong Jin, Yimei Zhang, Wei Wei, Yangjuan Bai, Fang Ma
Background: : Family coping, as an essential part of family management of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), is an important component of CHF interventions, affecting the health of patients, family members, and the whole family. It is necessary to understand the current situation of family coping in patients with CHF to facilitate the development of family interventions for patients with CHF. This study aims to develop and validate a tool for assessing the family coping scale for patients with CHF. Methods: The semi-structured interviews, expert consensus meetings, expert consultations, and item analysis were used to develop the initial scale. We employed classical test theory and exploratory factor analysis to scrutinize and refine the items in the scale. To validate the scale, we used confirmatory factor analysis to assess structural validity. We assessed internal consistency, and split-half reliability to ensure the scale’s robustness and accuracy. Results: The FCS-CHF consisted of 24 items, including six dimensions: strategies for better management of CHF, psychological coping, substantial support by family members, emergency coping, overall heart failure awareness, and patients’ health behavior. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale fitted the data with well construct validity. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis for the overall goodness of fit indices for the fitted model were found to be acceptable for the scale. The scale demonstrates good reliability and validity, meeting the requirements of psychometrics. Conclusions: The FCS-CHF developed in this study is considered reliable and valid, which can measure family coping in patients with CHF and provide a basis for developing family coping enhancement strategies.
{"title":"Developing and Validating of the Family Coping Scale for Patients with Chronic Heart Failure","authors":"Xiong Zhang, Min Zhou, Xiaorong Jin, Yimei Zhang, Wei Wei, Yangjuan Bai, Fang Ma","doi":"10.2147/prbm.s479202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s479202","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Background:</strong> : Family coping, as an essential part of family management of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), is an important component of CHF interventions, affecting the health of patients, family members, and the whole family. It is necessary to understand the current situation of family coping in patients with CHF to facilitate the development of family interventions for patients with CHF. This study aims to develop and validate a tool for assessing the family coping scale for patients with CHF.<br/><strong>Methods:</strong> The semi-structured interviews, expert consensus meetings, expert consultations, and item analysis were used to develop the initial scale. We employed classical test theory and exploratory factor analysis to scrutinize and refine the items in the scale. To validate the scale, we used confirmatory factor analysis to assess structural validity. We assessed internal consistency, and split-half reliability to ensure the scale’s robustness and accuracy.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> The FCS-CHF consisted of 24 items, including six dimensions: strategies for better management of CHF, psychological coping, substantial support by family members, emergency coping, overall heart failure awareness, and patients’ health behavior. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale fitted the data with well construct validity. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis for the overall goodness of fit indices for the fitted model were found to be acceptable for the scale. The scale demonstrates good reliability and validity, meeting the requirements of psychometrics.<br/><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The FCS-CHF developed in this study is considered reliable and valid, which can measure family coping in patients with CHF and provide a basis for developing family coping enhancement strategies.<br/><br/>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142264511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: There is robust evidence indicating the adverse association between childhood abuse and depressive symptoms. However, the ways in which childhood physical abuse is indirectly associated with adulthood depressive symptoms by alexithymia and moral disengagement remain poorly understood, particularly in the context of China. The present study aims to investigate how childhood physical abuse may be associated with depressive symptoms via the serial mediation effects of alexithymia and moral disengagement among college students in China.
Methods: A total of 686 college students (female: 53.2%) aged from 17 to 28 years old (M = 21.33; SD = 2.53) were recruited from mainland China to participate in an online survey assessing the variables of interest. Structural equation modeling and multiple group analysis were performed using Mplus 7.0 to investigate the hypothesized model.
Results: College students' experiences with childhood physical abuse was significantly associated with their depressive symptoms. This relationship was partially mediated by alexithymia and then by moral disengagement. Meanwhile, alexithymia and moral disengagement had a chain mediating effect on childhood physical abuse and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, multigroup analysis revealed that the association between alexithymia and depressive symptoms was stronger among rural students compared to urban students. Furthermore, the mediation model involving moral disengagement applies exclusively to rural students.
Conclusion: Alexithymia and moral disengagement exerted serial mediating effect on the association between childhood physical abuse and depressive symptoms. This pattern was particularly pronounced among rural students. These findings underscore the importance of addressing both childhood adversity and maladaptive cognitive processes in the prevention and treatment of depression.
{"title":"The Role of Alexithymia and Moral Disengagement in Childhood Physical Abuse and Depressive Symptoms: A Comparative Study Among Rural and Urban Chinese College Students.","authors":"Xinyong Lu, Zixuan Li, XianFeng Zhu, Dong Li, Jiahui Wei","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S466379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S466379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>There is robust evidence indicating the adverse association between childhood abuse and depressive symptoms. However, the ways in which childhood physical abuse is indirectly associated with adulthood depressive symptoms by alexithymia and moral disengagement remain poorly understood, particularly in the context of China. The present study aims to investigate how childhood physical abuse may be associated with depressive symptoms via the serial mediation effects of alexithymia and moral disengagement among college students in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 686 college students (female: 53.2%) aged from 17 to 28 years old (<i>M</i> = 21.33; <i>SD</i> = 2.53) were recruited from mainland China to participate in an online survey assessing the variables of interest. Structural equation modeling and multiple group analysis were performed using M<i>plus</i> 7.0 to investigate the hypothesized model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>College students' experiences with childhood physical abuse was significantly associated with their depressive symptoms. This relationship was partially mediated by alexithymia and then by moral disengagement. Meanwhile, alexithymia and moral disengagement had a chain mediating effect on childhood physical abuse and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, multigroup analysis revealed that the association between alexithymia and depressive symptoms was stronger among rural students compared to urban students. Furthermore, the mediation model involving moral disengagement applies exclusively to rural students.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Alexithymia and moral disengagement exerted serial mediating effect on the association between childhood physical abuse and depressive symptoms. This pattern was particularly pronounced among rural students. These findings underscore the importance of addressing both childhood adversity and maladaptive cognitive processes in the prevention and treatment of depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11409930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-13eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S466422
Qian Hu, Ningling Yang, Qi Huang, Cong Cheng, Lei Xiao, Xingjing Gao, Fan Zhang
Purpose: To analyze the relationship between life satisfaction and learning burnout, and explore the mediating effect of mobile phone addiction and psychological capital, and to provide a theoretical basis for the study of measures for medical postgraduate students to maintain a positive psychological state and keep interest and enthusiasm in academic life.
Methods: Convenience cluster sampling was used to recruit 628 medical postgraduate students in Chongqing, China. The Learning Burnout Questionnaire (LBQ), life satisfaction self-rated item, Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale (MPATS), and the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) were used to examine participants. Hierarchical regression was used to analyze the effect of life satisfaction, mobile phone addiction, and psychological capital on learning burnout. A structural equation model (SEM) with maximum likelihood was used to evaluate the mediating effect of mobile phone addiction and psychological capital on the relationship between life satisfaction and learning burnout. The bootstrap method was used to confirm the significance of the mediating effect.
Results: The average learning burnout score was (55.81±10.55). Results of hierarchical regression revealed that life satisfaction and psychological capital had a significant negative predictive effect on learning burnout, and mobile phone addiction had a positive predictive effect on learning burnout (p<0.05). The SEM revealed that the total and direct effects of life satisfaction on learning burnout were significant, and the mediating effects of mobile phone addiction and psychological capital between life satisfaction and learning burnout were significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Life satisfaction is a direct predictor of learning burnout among Chinese medical postgraduate students, and this relationship is mediated by mobile phone addiction and psychological capital.
{"title":"Mobile Phone Addiction and Psychological Capital Mediates the Relationship Between Life Satisfaction and Learning Burnout in Chinese Medical Postgraduate Students: A Structural Equation Model Analysis.","authors":"Qian Hu, Ningling Yang, Qi Huang, Cong Cheng, Lei Xiao, Xingjing Gao, Fan Zhang","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S466422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S466422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To analyze the relationship between life satisfaction and learning burnout, and explore the mediating effect of mobile phone addiction and psychological capital, and to provide a theoretical basis for the study of measures for medical postgraduate students to maintain a positive psychological state and keep interest and enthusiasm in academic life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Convenience cluster sampling was used to recruit 628 medical postgraduate students in Chongqing, China. The Learning Burnout Questionnaire (LBQ), life satisfaction self-rated item, Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale (MPATS), and the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) were used to examine participants. Hierarchical regression was used to analyze the effect of life satisfaction, mobile phone addiction, and psychological capital on learning burnout. A structural equation model (SEM) with maximum likelihood was used to evaluate the mediating effect of mobile phone addiction and psychological capital on the relationship between life satisfaction and learning burnout. The bootstrap method was used to confirm the significance of the mediating effect.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average learning burnout score was (55.81±10.55). Results of hierarchical regression revealed that life satisfaction and psychological capital had a significant negative predictive effect on learning burnout, and mobile phone addiction had a positive predictive effect on learning burnout (<i>p</i><0.05). The SEM revealed that the total and direct effects of life satisfaction on learning burnout were significant, and the mediating effects of mobile phone addiction and psychological capital between life satisfaction and learning burnout were significant (<i>p</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Life satisfaction is a direct predictor of learning burnout among Chinese medical postgraduate students, and this relationship is mediated by mobile phone addiction and psychological capital.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11408269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinlai Ma, Yang Zhang, Yuxiao Sun, Hongyu Mou, Wei Zhang
Background: In the past few years, there has been a growing fascination with the connection between mental well-being and respiratory conditions. However, the causal relationship between personality traits and respiratory diseases remains largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the link between genetically predicted emotional instability and eight respiratory conditions using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods: In a GWAS dataset from the UK Biobank, SNPs linked to emotional instability were discovered among 204,412 participants of European descent. Genetic information for lung cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia, and bronchiectasis was obtained from the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI). While data for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary embolism, chronic cough, and asthma was collected from the UK BioBank. An MR study was carried out to investigate how specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) impact the likelihood of developing the eight respiratory conditions listed. Our main approach for the initial screening was the utilization of inverse variance weighting (IVW). Multiplicity was assessed using the MR-Egger regression test, while heterogeneity was evaluated with Cochran’s Q test. To ensure the reliability of the findings, a leave-one-out analysis was conducted. Results: IVW found evidence that emotional instability had a significant causal effect on the increased risk of COPD (OR = 1.009; 95% CI = 1.001– 1.017; P = 0.022), pneumonia (OR = 1.648; 95% CI = 1.036– 2.622; P = 0.035), chronic cough (OR = 1.077; 95% CI = 1.013– 1.145; P = 0.017) and increased risk of asthma (OR = 1.073; 95% CI = 1.026– 1.123; P = 0.002) had a significant causal relationship. This association remained strong in the case of potential confounders, including smoking. Additionally, the instrumental variable weighted method in this study did not find any indication of a causal link between emotional instability and lung cancer, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary fibrosis, and bronchiectasis (all P > 0.05). Conclusion: The research discovered a link between emotional instability and a higher likelihood of developing COPD, pneumonia, chronic cough, and asthma. This study also found that emotional instability was not causally associated with lung cancer, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary fibrosis, and bronchiectasis.
背景：在过去几年中，人们越来越关注心理健康与呼吸系统疾病之间的关系。然而，人格特质与呼吸系统疾病之间的因果关系在很大程度上仍不为人所知。本研究旨在通过双样本孟德尔随机化（MR）分析，研究遗传预测的情绪不稳定性与八种呼吸系统疾病之间的联系：方法：在英国生物库的 GWAS 数据集中，204,412 名欧洲后裔参与者发现了与情绪不稳定有关的 SNPs。肺癌、肺纤维化、肺炎和支气管扩张的遗传信息来自欧洲生物信息学研究所（EBI）。慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）、肺栓塞、慢性咳嗽和哮喘的数据则来自英国生物库。我们开展了一项磁共振研究，以调查特定的单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）如何影响罹患所列八种呼吸系统疾病的可能性。我们初步筛选的主要方法是利用反方差加权法（IVW）。多重性采用 MR-Egger 回归检验进行评估，异质性采用 Cochran's Q 检验进行评估。为确保研究结果的可靠性，还进行了撇除分析：IVW发现的证据表明，情绪不稳定对慢性阻塞性肺病（OR = 1.009; 95% CI = 1.001- 1.017; P = 0.022）、肺炎（OR = 1.648; 95% CI = 1.036- 2.622; P = 0.035）、慢性咳嗽（OR = 1.077; 95% CI = 1.013- 1.145; P = 0.017）和哮喘风险增加（OR = 1.073; 95% CI = 1.026- 1.123; P = 0.002）有显著的因果关系。在有包括吸烟在内的潜在混杂因素的情况下，这种关联性仍然很强。此外，本研究中的工具变量加权法没有发现任何迹象表明情绪不稳定与肺癌、肺栓塞、肺纤维化和支气管扩张之间存在因果关系（所有 P 均为 0.05）：研究发现，情绪不稳定与慢性阻塞性肺病、肺炎、慢性咳嗽和哮喘之间存在联系。这项研究还发现，情绪不稳定与肺癌、肺栓塞、肺纤维化和支气管扩张并无因果关系。
{"title":"Causal Relationships Between Emotional Instability and Respiratory Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis","authors":"Xinlai Ma, Yang Zhang, Yuxiao Sun, Hongyu Mou, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.2147/prbm.s481913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s481913","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Background:</strong> In the past few years, there has been a growing fascination with the connection between mental well-being and respiratory conditions. However, the causal relationship between personality traits and respiratory diseases remains largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the link between genetically predicted emotional instability and eight respiratory conditions using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.<br/><strong>Methods:</strong> In a GWAS dataset from the UK Biobank, SNPs linked to emotional instability were discovered among 204,412 participants of European descent. Genetic information for lung cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia, and bronchiectasis was obtained from the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI). While data for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary embolism, chronic cough, and asthma was collected from the UK BioBank. An MR study was carried out to investigate how specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) impact the likelihood of developing the eight respiratory conditions listed. Our main approach for the initial screening was the utilization of inverse variance weighting (IVW). Multiplicity was assessed using the MR-Egger regression test, while heterogeneity was evaluated with Cochran’s Q test. To ensure the reliability of the findings, a leave-one-out analysis was conducted.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> IVW found evidence that emotional instability had a significant causal effect on the increased risk of COPD (OR = 1.009; 95% CI = 1.001– 1.017; P = 0.022), pneumonia (OR = 1.648; 95% CI = 1.036– 2.622; P = 0.035), chronic cough (OR = 1.077; 95% CI = 1.013– 1.145; P = 0.017) and increased risk of asthma (OR = 1.073; 95% CI = 1.026– 1.123; P = 0.002) had a significant causal relationship. This association remained strong in the case of potential confounders, including smoking. Additionally, the instrumental variable weighted method in this study did not find any indication of a causal link between emotional instability and lung cancer, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary fibrosis, and bronchiectasis (all P > 0.05).<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The research discovered a link between emotional instability and a higher likelihood of developing COPD, pneumonia, chronic cough, and asthma. This study also found that emotional instability was not causally associated with lung cancer, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary fibrosis, and bronchiectasis.<br/><br/>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Suicide is a global public health issue. This study examined the role of COVID-19 burnout and reappraisal in suicidal ideation caused by depressive symptoms among Chinese college students.
Methods: 587 students (261 boys, Mage = 19.53, SD = 1.42) were assessed using the Short Depression-Happiness Scale (SDHS), Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI) inventory, and Emotion Regulation Scale (ERS).
Results: Correlation analysis indicated depressive symptoms were negatively correlated with reappraisal and positively correlated with suicidal ideation and COVID-19 burnout. Reappraisal was negatively correlated with suicidal ideation and COVID-19 burnout. The moderated mediation model showed COVID-19 burnout enhanced the direct effect of depressive symptoms on suicidal ideation and indirectly enhanced this effect by weakening the protective role of reappraisal.
Conclusion: These finding show that reappraisal acts as a protective factor against suicidal ideation in individuals with depressive symptoms, while COVID-19 burnout exacerbates this effect by weakening reappraisal's protective role.
{"title":"Reappraisal Mitigates, While COVID-19 Burnout Exacerbates the Impact of Depressive Symptoms on Suicidal Ideation Among Chinese College Students.","authors":"Lijie Ren, Ye Chen, Xianguo Han, Ziyi Chen, Zhi Wang, Wenxiao Li, Hongyuan Chen","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S463316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S463316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suicide is a global public health issue. This study examined the role of COVID-19 burnout and reappraisal in suicidal ideation caused by depressive symptoms among Chinese college students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>587 students (261 boys, <i>M</i> <sub>age</sub> = 19.53, <i>SD</i> = 1.42) were assessed using the Short Depression-Happiness Scale (SDHS), Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI) inventory, and Emotion Regulation Scale (ERS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Correlation analysis indicated depressive symptoms were negatively correlated with reappraisal and positively correlated with suicidal ideation and COVID-19 burnout. Reappraisal was negatively correlated with suicidal ideation and COVID-19 burnout. The moderated mediation model showed COVID-19 burnout enhanced the direct effect of depressive symptoms on suicidal ideation and indirectly enhanced this effect by weakening the protective role of reappraisal.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These finding show that reappraisal acts as a protective factor against suicidal ideation in individuals with depressive symptoms, while COVID-19 burnout exacerbates this effect by weakening reappraisal's protective role.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11402369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S476657
Ying Chen, Hanyu Liang, Huaibin Jiang
Purpose: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a growing public health concern among college students, with cybervictimization (CV) emerging as a significant contributing factor. Grounded in the experiential avoidance theory, this study investigates the mediating roles of cognitive fusion and negative emotions in the relationship between CV and NSSI, providing new insights into these key variables.
Methods: A convenience sample of 457 undergraduate students (29% male; mean age 18.36±0.66 years) from two universities in Fujian Province participated in this study. Data were collected using the Cyberbullying Victimization Scale, Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Scale. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were conducted using SPSS 25.0, while the mediating effects were analyzed using Process 3.5.
Results: (1) Significant positive correlations were found among CV, cognitive fusion, negative emotions, and NSSI (p < 0.01). (2) CV was directly associated with NSSI (β = 0.22, p < 0.001) and positively predicted both cognitive fusion (β = 0.17, p < 0.001) and negative emotions (β = 0.15, p < 0.01). Additionally, cognitive fusion (β = 0.16, p < 0.01) and negative emotions (β = 0.11, p < 0.05) significantly predicted NSSI. (3) Mediation analyses revealed that cognitive fusion and negative emotions mediated the CV-NSSI relationship through three pathways: CV→cognitive fusion→NSSI (mediation effect = 0.026), CV→negative emotions→NSSI (mediation effect = 0.02), and CV→cognitive fusion→negative emotions→NSSI (mediation effect = 0.01).
Conclusion: The study confirms that CV influences NSSI indirectly through cognitive fusion and negative emotions, supporting the experiential avoidance model. These findings underscore the importance of addressing cognitive and emotional processes in interventions aimed at reducing NSSI among college students.
{"title":"Cybervictimization and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Among Chinese College Students: an Exploration Through the Lens of Experiential Avoidance Model.","authors":"Ying Chen, Hanyu Liang, Huaibin Jiang","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S476657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S476657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a growing public health concern among college students, with cybervictimization (CV) emerging as a significant contributing factor. Grounded in the experiential avoidance theory, this study investigates the mediating roles of cognitive fusion and negative emotions in the relationship between CV and NSSI, providing new insights into these key variables.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A convenience sample of 457 undergraduate students (29% male; mean age 18.36±0.66 years) from two universities in Fujian Province participated in this study. Data were collected using the Cyberbullying Victimization Scale, Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Scale. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were conducted using SPSS 25.0, while the mediating effects were analyzed using Process 3.5.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) Significant positive correlations were found among CV, cognitive fusion, negative emotions, and NSSI (<i>p</i> < 0.01). (2) CV was directly associated with NSSI (<i>β</i> = 0.22, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and positively predicted both cognitive fusion (<i>β</i> = 0.17, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and negative emotions (<i>β</i> = 0.15, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Additionally, cognitive fusion (<i>β</i> = 0.16, <i>p</i> < 0.01) and negative emotions (<i>β</i> = 0.11, <i>p</i> < 0.05) significantly predicted NSSI. (3) Mediation analyses revealed that cognitive fusion and negative emotions mediated the CV-NSSI relationship through three pathways: CV→cognitive fusion→NSSI (mediation effect = 0.026), CV→negative emotions→NSSI (mediation effect = 0.02), and CV→cognitive fusion→negative emotions→NSSI (mediation effect = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study confirms that CV influences NSSI indirectly through cognitive fusion and negative emotions, supporting the experiential avoidance model. These findings underscore the importance of addressing cognitive and emotional processes in interventions aimed at reducing NSSI among college students.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11401518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142294027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to further explore the association of pain intensity and sensitivity with suicidal ideation in adolescents with depressive disorder by comparing the differences in pain intensity and sensitivity between adolescent patients with depressive disorders and healthy controls. Patients and Methods: A consecutive enrollment method was used to select 158 adolescent patients with depressive disorders from three hospitals in Anhui Province as the MDD group, and 47 healthy adolescents were recruited as the Control group. The subjects’ suicidal ideation was assessed using the Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation scale (PANSI), and the intensity of somatic pain was assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale-11 (NRS-11). Subjects were assessed for forearm and tibial pain sensitivity using a hand-held pressure pain instrument, and experimental pain sensitivity measures included pressure pain threshold (PPT) and pressure pain tolerance (PTO). Differences in pain intensity and sensitivity between the MDD group and the Control group were compared, and the association of pain intensity and sensitivity with suicidal ideation was analyzed. Results: The incidence of physical pain in adolescent depressive disorder was higher at 88.6%, which was significantly higher than the Control group (P< 0.001), and the pain intensity in the MDD group (3.77± 2.48) was significantly higher than the Control group (0.617± 0.99) (P < 0.001).The Pain tolerance was significantly higher in the MDD group (forearm 105.37 ± 41.46; tibia 121.29 ± 41.60) than in the Control group (forearm 91.92 ± 37.62; tibia 105.47 ± 35.52) (P < 0.05).Linear regression analysis showed that the greater the pain intensity and pain tolerance, the higher the total PANSI score.Binary logistic regression showed that pain intensity was an influencing factor for suicidal ideation. Conclusion: Adolescents with depressive disorders have higher pain intensity and lower pain sensitivity than healthy adolescents. Increased pain intensity and pain tolerance were positively correlated with suicidal ideation.
{"title":"Association of Pain Intensity and Sensitivity with Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents with Depressive Disorder","authors":"Qingqing Shen, Qing Zhang, Yunxiao Liu, Yingao Cui, Jingwen Shang, Xiaoping Yuan, Feng Geng, Liang Sun, Zhiwei Liu, Rongchun Yang, Kai Zhang, Huanzhong Liu","doi":"10.2147/prbm.s473074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s473074","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Purpose:</strong> The purpose of this study was to further explore the association of pain intensity and sensitivity with suicidal ideation in adolescents with depressive disorder by comparing the differences in pain intensity and sensitivity between adolescent patients with depressive disorders and healthy controls.<br/><strong>Patients and Methods:</strong> A consecutive enrollment method was used to select 158 adolescent patients with depressive disorders from three hospitals in Anhui Province as the MDD group, and 47 healthy adolescents were recruited as the Control group. The subjects’ suicidal ideation was assessed using the Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation scale (PANSI), and the intensity of somatic pain was assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale-11 (NRS-11). Subjects were assessed for forearm and tibial pain sensitivity using a hand-held pressure pain instrument, and experimental pain sensitivity measures included pressure pain threshold (PPT) and pressure pain tolerance (PTO). Differences in pain intensity and sensitivity between the MDD group and the Control group were compared, and the association of pain intensity and sensitivity with suicidal ideation was analyzed.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> The incidence of physical pain in adolescent depressive disorder was higher at 88.6%, which was significantly higher than the Control group (<em>P</em>< 0.001), and the pain intensity in the MDD group (3.77± 2.48) was significantly higher than the Control group (0.617± 0.99) (P < 0.001).The Pain tolerance was significantly higher in the MDD group (forearm 105.37 ± 41.46; tibia 121.29 ± 41.60) than in the Control group (forearm 91.92 ± 37.62; tibia 105.47 ± 35.52) (<em>P</em> < 0.05).Linear regression analysis showed that the greater the pain intensity and pain tolerance, the higher the total PANSI score.Binary logistic regression showed that pain intensity was an influencing factor for suicidal ideation.<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Adolescents with depressive disorders have higher pain intensity and lower pain sensitivity than healthy adolescents. Increased pain intensity and pain tolerance were positively correlated with suicidal ideation.<br/><br/><strong>Keywords:</strong> adolescents, depressive disorder, pain intensity, pain sensitivity, suicidal ideation<br/>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Studies have shown that elderly individuals have significantly worse facial expression recognition scores than young adults. Some have suggested that this difference is due to perceptual degradation, while others suggest it is due to decreased attention of elderly individuals to the most informative regions of the face. Methods: To resolve this controversy, this study recruited 85 participants and used a behavioral task and eye-tracking techniques (EyeLink 1000 Plus eye tracker). It adopted the “study-recognition” paradigm, and a mixed experimental design of 3 (facial expressions: positive, neutral, negative) × 2 (subjects’ age: young, old) × 3 (facial areas of interest: eyes, nose, and mouth) was used to explore whether there was perceptual degradation in older people’s attention to facial expressions and investigate the differences in diagnostic areas between young and older people. Results: The behavioral results revealed that young participants had significantly higher facial expression recognition scores than older participants did; moreover, the eye-tracking results revealed that younger people generally fixated on faces significantly more than elderly people, demonstrating the perceptual degradation in elderly people. Young people primarily look at the eyes, followed by the nose and, finally, the mouth when examining facial expressions. The elderly participants primarily focus on the eyes, followed by the mouth and then the nose. Conclusion: The findings confirmed that young participants have better facial expression recognition performance than elderly participants, which may be related more to perceptual degradation than to decreased attention to informative areas of the face. For elderly people, the duration of gaze toward the facial diagnosis area (such as the eyes) should be increased when recognizing faces to compensate for the disadvantage of decreased facial recognition performance caused by perceptual aging.
研究背景研究表明，老年人的面部表情识别得分明显低于年轻人。一些人认为这种差异是由于知觉退化造成的，而另一些人则认为这是由于老年人对面部信息量最大区域的注意力下降造成的：为了解决这一争议，本研究招募了 85 名参与者，并使用了行为任务和眼动追踪技术（EyeLink 1000 Plus 眼动追踪器）。研究采用 "学习-识别 "范式，以 3（面部表情：正面、中性、负面）×2（受试者年龄：年轻、年长）×3（面部感兴趣区域：眼睛、鼻子、嘴巴）的混合实验设计，探讨老年人对面部表情的注意是否存在知觉退化，并研究年轻人和老年人在诊断区域上的差异：行为学结果显示，年轻人的面部表情识别得分明显高于老年人；此外，眼动追踪结果显示，年轻人对人脸的注视明显多于老年人，这表明老年人的知觉退化。年轻人在观察面部表情时主要看眼睛，其次是鼻子，最后是嘴巴。老年人则主要关注眼睛，其次是嘴巴，最后是鼻子：研究结果证实，与老年人相比，年轻人的面部表情识别能力更强，这可能与知觉退化有关，而不是与对面部信息区域的注意力下降有关。对于老年人来说，在识别人脸时应增加对面部诊断区域（如眼睛）的注视时间，以弥补知觉老化导致的面部识别能力下降的劣势。
{"title":"A Comparative Study Recognizing the Expression of Information Between Elderly Individuals and Young Individuals","authors":"Jialin Ma, Xiaojing Liu, Yongxin Li","doi":"10.2147/prbm.s471196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s471196","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Background:</strong> Studies have shown that elderly individuals have significantly worse facial expression recognition scores than young adults. Some have suggested that this difference is due to perceptual degradation, while others suggest it is due to decreased attention of elderly individuals to the most informative regions of the face.<br/><strong>Methods:</strong> To resolve this controversy, this study recruited 85 participants and used a behavioral task and eye-tracking techniques (EyeLink 1000 Plus eye tracker). It adopted the “study-recognition” paradigm, and a mixed experimental design of 3 (facial expressions: positive, neutral, negative) × 2 (subjects’ age: young, old) × 3 (facial areas of interest: eyes, nose, and mouth) was used to explore whether there was perceptual degradation in older people’s attention to facial expressions and investigate the differences in diagnostic areas between young and older people.<br/><strong>Results:</strong> The behavioral results revealed that young participants had significantly higher facial expression recognition scores than older participants did; moreover, the eye-tracking results revealed that younger people generally fixated on faces significantly more than elderly people, demonstrating the perceptual degradation in elderly people. Young people primarily look at the eyes, followed by the nose and, finally, the mouth when examining facial expressions. The elderly participants primarily focus on the eyes, followed by the mouth and then the nose.<br/><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The findings confirmed that young participants have better facial expression recognition performance than elderly participants, which may be related more to perceptual degradation than to decreased attention to informative areas of the face. For elderly people, the duration of gaze toward the facial diagnosis area (such as the eyes) should be increased when recognizing faces to compensate for the disadvantage of decreased facial recognition performance caused by perceptual aging.<br/><br/>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-03eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S468490
Rong-Man Yuan, Wen-Ya Peng, Jiang Jiang
Purpose: Growth mindset and self-control, both recognized as pivotal qualities with significant impacts on personal success, possess respective robust predictive power for academic achievement and broader life outcomes. However, the bidirectional relationship between them remains largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate whether growth mindset, conceptualized as the belief that abilities can be developed through effort and support, prospectively predicts the development of self-control over time. Additionally, it endeavors to explore whether self-control, a crucial positive psychological trait, exerts an influence on the fostering of growth mindset. In summary, our research focuses on elucidating the bidirectional relationship between growth mindset and self-control among Chinese primary school students.
Participants and methods: The current research recruited a sample of 428 primary school students, aged 9-12, from China (214 females, mean age = 9.64 ± 1.21) to participate in a longitudinal study. Participants underwent two follow-up assessments of growth mindset and self-control over a six-month period.
Results: The correlation analysis revealed significant associations between growth mindset at T1 and self-control at T2, as well as between self-control at T1 and growth mindset at T2(r = 0.23 to 0.25, ps < 0.01). Cross-lagged analysis found that growth mindset at T1 positively predicted self-control at T2 (β = 0.11, p = 0.04), while self-control at T1 did not significantly predict growth mindset at T2.
Conclusion: The results suggest that growth mindset exerts a direct impact on self-control among primary school students. This finding extends the scope of research concerning growth mindset and provides important theoretical inspiration and practical guidance for educators, parents and counselling professionals in assisting students to enhance self-control.
{"title":"Relationship Between Growth Mindset and Self-Control Amongst Chinese Primary School Students: A Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Rong-Man Yuan, Wen-Ya Peng, Jiang Jiang","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S468490","DOIUrl":"10.2147/PRBM.S468490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Growth mindset and self-control, both recognized as pivotal qualities with significant impacts on personal success, possess respective robust predictive power for academic achievement and broader life outcomes. However, the bidirectional relationship between them remains largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate whether growth mindset, conceptualized as the belief that abilities can be developed through effort and support, prospectively predicts the development of self-control over time. Additionally, it endeavors to explore whether self-control, a crucial positive psychological trait, exerts an influence on the fostering of growth mindset. In summary, our research focuses on elucidating the bidirectional relationship between growth mindset and self-control among Chinese primary school students.</p><p><strong>Participants and methods: </strong>The current research recruited a sample of 428 primary school students, aged 9-12, from China (214 females, mean age = 9.64 ± 1.21) to participate in a longitudinal study. Participants underwent two follow-up assessments of growth mindset and self-control over a six-month period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The correlation analysis revealed significant associations between growth mindset at T1 and self-control at T2, as well as between self-control at T1 and growth mindset at T2(<i>r</i> = 0.23 to 0.25, <i>p</i>s < 0.01). Cross-lagged analysis found that growth mindset at T1 positively predicted self-control at T2 (β <i>=</i> 0.11, <i>p</i> = 0.04), while self-control at T1 did not significantly predict growth mindset at T2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that growth mindset exerts a direct impact on self-control among primary school students. This finding extends the scope of research concerning growth mindset and provides important theoretical inspiration and practical guidance for educators, parents and counselling professionals in assisting students to enhance self-control.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-27eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S471208
Xiaoyun Li, Yuke Fu, Wanjuan Weng, Mowei Liu, Yan Li
Purpose: Given that mother plays the main nurturing role in a family unit and their unique influence on children's development, the current study aimed to examine the influence of maternal phubbing on children's problematic media use and the independent and interactive moderating role of children's negative affectivity and effortful control.
Methods: Participants were 1986 children aged 3 to 6 years in Shanghai, China. Their mothers were asked to complete a series of questionnaires including parental phubbing scale, problematic media use measure, and child behavior questionnaire. To investigate the moderating influence of children's negative affectivity and effortful control, hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted using SPSS 24.0. Simple slopes analyses and the Johnson-Neyman technique were further used to depict moderation effects.
Results: Maternal phubbing was associated with higher levels of problematic media use in preschool children (β = 0.18, p <.001, [0.14, 0.22]). Children's negative affectivity acts as a risk factor, exacerbating the adverse effects of maternal phubbing on children's problematic media use (β = 0.05, t = 2.69, p < 0.05), whereas children's effortful control acts as a protective factor, buffering the link between maternal phubbing and children's problematic media use (β = -0.10, t = -5.00, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: These results suggest that interventions seeking to promote appropriate digital development in preschoolers should take the child's temperament into account and be complemented by active parental mediation and involvement.
{"title":"Maternal Phubbing and Problematic Media Use in Preschoolers: The Independent and Interactive Moderating Role of Children's Negative Affectivity and Effortful Control.","authors":"Xiaoyun Li, Yuke Fu, Wanjuan Weng, Mowei Liu, Yan Li","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S471208","DOIUrl":"10.2147/PRBM.S471208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Given that mother plays the main nurturing role in a family unit and their unique influence on children's development, the current study aimed to examine the influence of maternal phubbing on children's problematic media use and the independent and interactive moderating role of children's negative affectivity and effortful control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 1986 children aged 3 to 6 years in Shanghai, China. Their mothers were asked to complete a series of questionnaires including parental phubbing scale, problematic media use measure, and child behavior questionnaire. To investigate the moderating influence of children's negative affectivity and effortful control, hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted using SPSS 24.0. Simple slopes analyses and the Johnson-Neyman technique were further used to depict moderation effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Maternal phubbing was associated with higher levels of problematic media use in preschool children (<i>β</i> = 0.18, <i>p</i> <.001, [0.14, 0.22]). Children's negative affectivity acts as a risk factor, exacerbating the adverse effects of maternal phubbing on children's problematic media use (<i>β</i> = 0.05, <i>t</i> = 2.69, <i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas children's effortful control acts as a protective factor, buffering the link between maternal phubbing and children's problematic media use (<i>β</i> = -0.10, <i>t</i> = -5.00, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that interventions seeking to promote appropriate digital development in preschoolers should take the child's temperament into account and be complemented by active parental mediation and involvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11365512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142111426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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