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"TO BE OR NOT TO BE" GWAS Ends the Controversy about the DRD2 Gene as a Determinant of Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS). “生存与否”GWAS结束了关于DRD2基因作为奖赏缺乏综合征(RDS)决定因素的争论。
IF 4.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2023-10-20 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S428841
Kenneth Blum, Panayotis K Thanos, Colin Hanna, Mark S Gold, David Baron, Igor Elman

Since 1990, there have been thousands of published studies on addiction psychiatry. Several from Blum et al showed the clinical relevance of the Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (GARS) test in identifying risk for reward deficiency behaviors in cohorts from polysubstance abuse and pain clinics, post-surgical bariatrics, and DWI offenders facing prison time. Since Blum et al first published in JAMA (1990) concerning the association of the DRD2 gene polymorphism and severe alcoholism, reactions have been mixed. More recently, however, a meta-analysis of 62 studies showed a significant association between DRD2 rs1800497 and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). Other studies from Yale University showed that a haplotype block of the DRD2 gene A1 allele was associated with AUD and heroin dependence. GWAS studies of depression and suicide in 1.2 million veterans confirmed the first psychiatric candidate gene study finding from Blum et al 1990; a significant association between the minor DRD2 allele, Taq A1 and severe alcoholism. Additionally, the DRD2 rs1800497 is robustly associated with suicidal behaviors. Furthermore, DNA polymorphic alleles underlying substance use disorder (SUD) with multiple substances were mapped via chromatin refolding, revealing that the DRD2 gene and associated polymorphism(s) as the top gene signal. Based on these investigations, we conclude that GWAS should end the controversy about the DRD2 gene being one determinant of Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) first reported in 1996.

自1990年以来,已有数千项关于成瘾精神病学的研究发表。Blum等人的几项研究表明,遗传成瘾风险严重性(GARS)测试在识别多物质滥用和疼痛诊所、术后减肥和面临牢狱之灾的DWI罪犯的奖赏缺乏行为风险方面具有临床相关性。自从Blum等人首次发表在《美国医学会杂志》(1990)上关于DRD2基因多态性与严重酒精中毒的关系以来,反应一直很复杂。然而,最近,一项对62项研究的荟萃分析显示,DRD2 rs1800497与酒精使用障碍(AUD)之间存在显著关联。耶鲁大学的其他研究表明,DRD2基因A1等位基因的单倍型区与AUD和海洛因依赖有关。GWAS对120万退伍军人抑郁症和自杀的研究证实了Blum等人1990年的第一项精神病候选基因研究发现;次要DRD2等位基因TaqA1与严重酒精中毒之间的显著关联。此外,DRD2 rs1800497与自杀行为密切相关。此外,通过染色质重折叠定位了多种物质的物质使用障碍(SUD)的DNA多态性等位基因,揭示了DRD2基因和相关多态性是最重要的基因信号。基于这些研究,我们得出结论,GWAS应该结束关于DRD2基因是1996年首次报道的奖赏缺乏综合征(RDS)的决定因素之一的争议。
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引用次数: 0
Work-Family Conflict, Emotional Intelligence, and General Self-Efficacy Among Medical Practitioners During the COVID-19 Pandemic [Retraction]. 新冠肺炎大流行期间执业医师的工作-家庭冲突、情商和一般自我效能[退缩]。
IF 4.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2023-10-20 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S445547

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S333070.].

[这收回了文章DOI:10.2147/PRBM.S333070.]。
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引用次数: 0
Parental Phubbing and Child Social-Emotional Adjustment: A Meta-Analysis of Studies Conducted in China. 父母低头与儿童社会情绪适应:中国研究的元分析。
IF 4.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2023-10-19 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S417718
Jinghui Zhang, Chuanmei Dong, Yue Jiang, Qing Zhang, Hui Li, Yan Li

Introduction: Parental phubbing refers to the act of parents using mobile phones in the presence of their children instead of engaging with them. With increasing smartphone use in many households, parental phubbing is a potential threat to children's healthy development. This meta-analysis synthesized the existing evidence on the impact of parental phubbing on children's social-emotional development to examine the effect sizes and identify the moderators.

Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic search across multiple electronic databases (Web of Science, EBSCO, ProQuest, Springer, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) from 2012 to May 2023. Our search included both English and Chinese literature, encompassing published journal articles as well as thesis. To assess the risk of bias, we utilized the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plot interpretation and Egger's regression intercept.

Results: Our comprehensive search identified 42 studies with 56,275 children and 59 effect sizes. A random-effects meta-analysis revealed that parental phubbing was positively associated with children's internalizing problems (r = 0.270; 95% CI [0.234, 0.304]) and externalizing problems (r = 0.210; 95% CI [0.154, 0.264]), while negatively correlated with children's self-concept (r = -0.206; 95% CI [-0.244, -0.168]) and social-emotional competence (r = -0.162; 95% CI [-0.207, -0.120]). Furthermore, the parental phubbing group moderated the association between parental phubbing and internalizing problems, when both parents engage in phubbing, there is a stronger association with children's externalizing problems compared to when only one parent is engaging in phubbing.

Discussion: The findings of this meta-analysis provide strong evidence supporting the detrimental effects of parental phubbing on child social-emotional adjustment. Consequently, parents, researchers, and the government must collaborate to mitigate parental phubbing and promote the healthy development of children's social-emotional abilities.

引言:父母欺骗是指父母在孩子面前使用手机而不是与孩子接触的行为。随着许多家庭越来越多地使用智能手机,父母的恶作剧对儿童的健康发展构成了潜在威胁。这项荟萃分析综合了现有的证据,证明父母对儿童社交情绪发展的影响,以检验影响大小并确定调节因素。方法:根据PRISMA指南,我们在2012年至2023年5月期间对多个电子数据库(Web of Science、EBSCO、ProQuest、Springer和中国国家知识基础设施)进行了系统搜索。我们的搜索包括英文和中文文献,包括已发表的期刊文章和论文。为了评估偏倚的风险,我们使用了观察队列和横断面研究的质量评估工具。使用漏斗图解释和Egger回归截距评估发表偏倚。结果:我们的综合搜索确定了42项研究,涉及56275名儿童和59种效果大小。一项随机效应荟萃分析显示,父母打嗝与儿童的内化问题呈正相关(r = 0.270;95%可信区间[0.234,0.304])和外化问题(r = 0.210;95%可信区间[0.154,0.264]),而与儿童自我概念呈负相关(r = -0.206;95%可信区间为-0.244,-0.168])和社会情感能力(r = -0.162;95%置信区间[-0.207,-0.120])。此外,父母相吸组调节了父母相吸和内化问题之间的关联,当父母双方都参与相吸时,与只有一方参与相吸相比,与儿童的外化问题有更强的关联。讨论:这项荟萃分析的结果提供了强有力的证据,支持父母对儿童社会情绪调节的不利影响。因此,父母、研究人员和政府必须合作,减轻父母的压力,促进儿童社会情感能力的健康发展。
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引用次数: 1
A Cross-Sectional Association Between Screen-Based Sedentary Behavior and Anxiety in Academic College Students: Mediating Role of Negative Emotions and Moderating Role of Emotion Regulation. 大学生屏幕久坐行为与焦虑的横断面关联:负性情绪的中介作用和情绪调节的调节作用
IF 4.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2023-10-18 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S430928
Xili Wen, Yujun Cai, Kai Li, Zisu Wang, Weiyi Zhang, Man Qin

Purpose: The study aims to explore the relationship and potential mechanisms between screen time and anxiety and have a clear understanding of the role of negative emotions and emotion regulation, thus providing guidance for Chinese college students to improve mental health.

Methods: We conducted a questionnaire survey by selecting 1721 academic college students from 6 colleges and universities in 5 provinces in China, and the data were analyzed through the Process program of SPSS for mediating effect and moderating effect.

Results: There is a significant positive relationship between screen time and anxiety, negative emotions play a mediating role between the two (indirect effect = 0.32, p < 0.001), mediating effect accounts for 59.88% of the total effect, and emotion regulation regulates the direct relationship between screen time and anxiety (interaction effect = 0.027, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: This study sheds light on the potential mechanisms by which screen time affects anxiety in academic college students, providing a fresh perspective on anxiety reduction. Screen time positively affects anxiety levels, where negative emotions have a mediating role and emotion regulation has a moderating role. In the future, we can control screen ++time, increase physical activities, reduce negative emotions, and improve the emotional regulation ability to relieve anxiety, so as to improve the mental health of academic college students, and expect to have a positive impact on future learning, life, and planning.

目的:本研究旨在探讨屏幕时间与焦虑的关系及其潜在机制,明确负面情绪和情绪调节的作用,为中国大学生改善心理健康提供指导。方法:选取我国5个省份的6所高校的1721名在校大学生进行问卷调查,运用SPSS处理程序对数据进行中介效应和调节效应分析。结果:屏幕时间与焦虑呈正相关,负面情绪在两者之间起中介作用(间接效应=0.32,p<0.001),中介效应占总效应的59.88%,情绪调节调节屏幕时间与焦虑之间的直接关系(交互效应=0.027,p<0.001)。结论:本研究揭示了屏幕时间影响大学生焦虑的潜在机制,为减少焦虑提供了一个新的视角。屏幕时间对焦虑水平有积极影响,负面情绪起中介作用,情绪调节起调节作用。未来,我们可以控制屏幕++时间,增加体育活动,减少负面情绪,提高情绪调节能力以缓解焦虑,从而改善学术大学生的心理健康,并期望对未来的学习、生活和计划产生积极影响。
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引用次数: 0
"Comparisons are Odious"? - Exploring the Dual Effect of Upward Social Comparison on Workplace Coping Behaviors of Temporary Agency Workers. “比较令人厌恶”?-上向社会比较对临时中介员工工作应对行为的双重影响。
IF 4.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2023-10-18 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S425946
Yi Li, Siyu Wang

Temporary agency workers are becoming increasingly critical as a supplementary workforce within enterprises, inevitably leading upward social comparisons with permanent employees. However, existing research pays little attention to this phenomenon, which cannot provide theoretical guidance for the management of temporary agency workers. To fill this gap, our study utilizes the cognitive appraisal theory of emotion to construct a dual-path moderated mediation model, examining how upward social comparison is associated with positive and negative behaviors through two distinct forms of envy. Through the questionnaire survey, data is collected from 882 temporary agency workers in a Chinese temporary staffing firm. The results reveal that upward social comparison is associated with both benign and malicious envy, which in turn respectively relate to informal workplace learning and social undermining behavior. Additionally, psychological availability moderates the relationship between upward social comparison and envy, such that when psychological availability is higher (vs lower), the positive effect of upward social comparison on benign envy is stronger and the positive effect of upward social comparison on malicious envy is weaker. Moreover, psychological availability further moderates the indirect effect of upward social comparison on employee behavior. When psychological availability is higher (vs lower), the positive indirect effect of upward social comparison on informal workplace learning via benign envy is stronger, whereas the positive indirect effect of upward social comparison on social undermining via malicious envy is weaker. Our study enriches the theoretical research perspective of upward social comparison and provides insights for managing temporary agency workers. Our study is the first to explore the dual behavioral choices of upward social comparison of temporary agency workers and apply the cognitive appraisal theory of emotion to social comparison. The results indicate that organizations can improve the psychological availability of temporary agency workers to stimulate learning behavior and reduce social undermining behavior to achieve a win-win situation between temporary agency workers and organizations.

临时代理员工作为企业内部的补充劳动力,正变得越来越重要,不可避免地导致与长期员工的社会比较上升。然而,现有的研究很少关注这一现象,无法为临时代办人员的管理提供理论指导。为了填补这一空白,我们的研究利用情绪的认知评价理论构建了一个双向调节的中介模型,通过两种不同形式的嫉妒,考察了向上的社会比较如何与积极和消极行为联系在一起。通过问卷调查,收集了一家中国临时工企业882名临时代办人员的资料。研究结果表明,向上的社会比较与善意嫉妒和恶意嫉妒有关,而善意嫉妒和恶毒嫉妒又分别与非正式工作场所学习和社会破坏行为有关。此外,心理可用性调节了向上社会比较与嫉妒之间的关系,因此当心理可用性较高(vs较低)时,向上社会对比对良性嫉妒的积极影响较强,而向上社会比对恶意嫉妒的积极作用较弱。此外,心理可用性进一步调节了向上社会比较对员工行为的间接影响。当心理可用性较高(与较低)时,向上社会比较通过良性嫉妒对非正式工作场所学习的正向间接影响较强,而向上社会对比通过恶意嫉妒对社会破坏的正向间接作用较弱。我们的研究丰富了向上社会比较的理论研究视角,为管理临时中介人员提供了启示。本研究首次探讨了临时中介人员向上社会比较的双重行为选择,并将情绪的认知评价理论应用于社会比较。研究结果表明,组织可以提高临时中介人员的心理可利用性,激发学习行为,减少社会破坏行为,实现临时中介人员与组织的双赢。
{"title":"\"Comparisons are Odious\"? - Exploring the Dual Effect of Upward Social Comparison on Workplace Coping Behaviors of Temporary Agency Workers.","authors":"Yi Li,&nbsp;Siyu Wang","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S425946","DOIUrl":"10.2147/PRBM.S425946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Temporary agency workers are becoming increasingly critical as a supplementary workforce within enterprises, inevitably leading upward social comparisons with permanent employees. However, existing research pays little attention to this phenomenon, which cannot provide theoretical guidance for the management of temporary agency workers. To fill this gap, our study utilizes the cognitive appraisal theory of emotion to construct a dual-path moderated mediation model, examining how upward social comparison is associated with positive and negative behaviors through two distinct forms of envy. Through the questionnaire survey, data is collected from 882 temporary agency workers in a Chinese temporary staffing firm. The results reveal that upward social comparison is associated with both benign and malicious envy, which in turn respectively relate to informal workplace learning and social undermining behavior. Additionally, psychological availability moderates the relationship between upward social comparison and envy, such that when psychological availability is higher (vs lower), the positive effect of upward social comparison on benign envy is stronger and the positive effect of upward social comparison on malicious envy is weaker. Moreover, psychological availability further moderates the indirect effect of upward social comparison on employee behavior. When psychological availability is higher (vs lower), the positive indirect effect of upward social comparison on informal workplace learning via benign envy is stronger, whereas the positive indirect effect of upward social comparison on social undermining via malicious envy is weaker. Our study enriches the theoretical research perspective of upward social comparison and provides insights for managing temporary agency workers. Our study is the first to explore the dual behavioral choices of upward social comparison of temporary agency workers and apply the cognitive appraisal theory of emotion to social comparison. The results indicate that organizations can improve the psychological availability of temporary agency workers to stimulate learning behavior and reduce social undermining behavior to achieve a win-win situation between temporary agency workers and organizations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"16 ","pages":"4251-4265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/16/61/prbm-16-4251.PMC10590561.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49692188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Depression Among University Students in Jordan After the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. 新冠肺炎大流行后约旦大学生的抑郁症:一项跨部门研究。
IF 4.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2023-10-18 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S436293
Ahlam J Alhemedi, Motaz Ghazi Qasaimeh, Nour Abdo, Lina Elsalem, Dina Qaadan, Esraa Alomari, Qudama Lssa, Mohammed Alhadeethi, Hamza Mazin Abdul Kareem, Ayham Almasri, Osama Elkhateeb, Abdallah Y Naser

Background: University students encounter stressors that make them more susceptible to depression than the general population. Depression negatively impacts mental and physical health. Our study assessed the prevalence of depression among university students in Jordan and its associated predictors after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We conducted this cross-sectional online survey study in the first quarter of 2022 by sending an online questionnaire to university students aged 18 years and older. This study assessed the symptoms of depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify associated predictors of depression.

Results: A total of 535 university students participated in this study. The mean depression score for the study participants was 13.9 (SD: 7.1) out of 27, representing a moderate level of depression. Among the participants, 26.2% had moderate, 19.3% had moderately severe, and 25.8% had severe depression. Students who drink three or more cups of coffee per day, have had an evaluation of their psychological state by specialists before, and have been diagnosed with any mental illness were more likely to have a higher depression score compared to others (p<0.05). On the other hand, students who were aged 24 years and older and those who practiced regular exercise were less likely to have a higher depression score compared to others (p<0.05).

Conclusion: We found a high prevalence of depression among university students in Jordan. This result is vital for decision-makers to implement a plan to prevent and manage this mental health issue.

背景:大学生遇到的压力源使他们比普通人群更容易患抑郁症。抑郁症对身心健康产生负面影响。我们的研究评估了新冠肺炎大流行后约旦大学生抑郁症的患病率及其相关预测因素。方法:我们在2022年第一季度向18岁及以上的大学生发送了一份在线问卷,进行了这项横断面在线调查研究。本研究使用患者健康问卷-9(PHQ-9)评估抑郁症症状。二元逻辑回归分析用于确定抑郁症的相关预测因素。结果:共有535名大学生参与了本研究。研究参与者的平均抑郁得分为13.9(SD:7.1)(满分27分),代表中度抑郁。在参与者中,26.2%患有中度抑郁症,19.3%患有中度重度抑郁症,25.8%患有重度抑郁症。每天喝三杯或三杯以上咖啡的学生以前曾由专家对他们的心理状态进行过评估,与其他人相比,被诊断患有任何精神疾病的人更有可能患上更高的抑郁症(P结论:我们发现约旦大学生中抑郁症的患病率很高。这一结果对决策者实施预防和管理这一心理健康问题的计划至关重要。
{"title":"Depression Among University Students in Jordan After the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ahlam J Alhemedi,&nbsp;Motaz Ghazi Qasaimeh,&nbsp;Nour Abdo,&nbsp;Lina Elsalem,&nbsp;Dina Qaadan,&nbsp;Esraa Alomari,&nbsp;Qudama Lssa,&nbsp;Mohammed Alhadeethi,&nbsp;Hamza Mazin Abdul Kareem,&nbsp;Ayham Almasri,&nbsp;Osama Elkhateeb,&nbsp;Abdallah Y Naser","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S436293","DOIUrl":"10.2147/PRBM.S436293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>University students encounter stressors that make them more susceptible to depression than the general population. Depression negatively impacts mental and physical health. Our study assessed the prevalence of depression among university students in Jordan and its associated predictors after the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted this cross-sectional online survey study in the first quarter of 2022 by sending an online questionnaire to university students aged 18 years and older. This study assessed the symptoms of depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify associated predictors of depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 535 university students participated in this study. The mean depression score for the study participants was 13.9 (SD: 7.1) out of 27, representing a moderate level of depression. Among the participants, 26.2% had moderate, 19.3% had moderately severe, and 25.8% had severe depression. Students who drink three or more cups of coffee per day, have had an evaluation of their psychological state by specialists before, and have been diagnosed with any mental illness were more likely to have a higher depression score compared to others (p<0.05). On the other hand, students who were aged 24 years and older and those who practiced regular exercise were less likely to have a higher depression score compared to others (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found a high prevalence of depression among university students in Jordan. This result is vital for decision-makers to implement a plan to prevent and manage this mental health issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"16 ","pages":"4237-4249"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/eb/85/prbm-16-4237.PMC10590589.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49692191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Anxiety, Depression, Perceived Stress, and Burnout Among Chinese Researchers: A Cross-Sectional Nationwide Study. 中国研究人员的焦虑、抑郁、感知压力和倦怠:一项全国性的横断面研究。
IF 4.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2023-10-17 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S431011
Lan Gao, Lei-Lei Wang, Rui Yang, Xing-Jie Yang, Shuang-Jiang Zhou

Purpose: Depression and anxiety have a significant impact on an individuals' work and personal life alike. The mental health of researchers is a significant concern worldwide. This study investigated the mental health status of Chinese researchers specifically and explored the moderating effects of perceived stress on the influence of low self-accomplishment on anxiety and depression.

Methods: The online survey platform "Survey Star" was used to create a questionnaire to be distributed to researchers, with 949 questionnaires retrieved. The general information questionnaire, 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey (MBI-GS) were used for this investigation. Pearson's correlation analysis was performed to investigate correlations among the relevant variables. Model 8 of PROCESS 3.3 program was used to analyze the moderating effects of perceived stress.

Results: Among the 949 participants, 570 (60.1%) reported symptoms of depression and 431 (45.4%) had symptoms of anxiety, with about one in six reporting symptoms of self-harm or suicidal ideation. Perceived stress was found to moderate the effect of low self-accomplishment on depression and anxiety.

Conclusion: Here we show that researchers exhibit a high rate of depression and anxiety symptoms. Perceived stress is also shown to play a moderating role on the influence of low self-accomplishment on anxiety and depression. Thus, reducing perceived stress levels can help to improve the mental health of researchers.

目的:抑郁和焦虑对个人的工作和个人生活都有重大影响。研究人员的心理健康是全世界关注的一个重要问题。本研究专门调查了中国研究人员的心理健康状况,并探讨了感知压力对低自我成就感对焦虑和抑郁影响的调节作用。方法:利用在线调查平台“调查之星”制作问卷,发放给研究人员,共收回949份问卷。本研究采用一般信息问卷、10项感知压力量表(PSS-10)、广泛性焦虑障碍-7(GAD-7)、患者健康问卷-9(PHQ-9)和马斯拉奇倦怠量表综合调查(MBI-GS)。Pearson相关分析用于研究相关变量之间的相关性。使用PROCESS 3.3程序的模型8来分析感知压力的调节作用。结果:在949名参与者中,570人(60.1%)报告有抑郁症状,431人(45.4%)有焦虑症状,约六分之一的人报告有自残或自杀意念症状。研究发现,感知压力可以调节低自我成就感对抑郁和焦虑的影响。结论:我们发现研究人员表现出高比率的抑郁和焦虑症状。感知压力也对低自我成就感对焦虑和抑郁的影响起到调节作用。因此,降低感知压力水平有助于改善研究人员的心理健康。
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引用次数: 0
Determinants of Depressive Symptoms Among Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in China: A Structural Equation Model. 中国类风湿性关节炎患者抑郁症状的决定因素:一个结构方程模型。
IF 4.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2023-10-17 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S428892
Lijuan Zhang, Weiyi Zhu, Beiwen Wu

Background: This study aimed to examine how personality traits, social support and clinical features including pain, disease activity, functional status, sleep quality, and fatigue influence on depressive symptoms in Chinese rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

Methods: This study was conducted from November, 2022 to June, 2023 among Chinese RA patients. Pain, disease activity, functional status, sleep quality, fatigue, social support, personality traits, and depressive symptoms were assessed. The following relationships among three hypotheses were analyzed by structural equation model (SEM): H1: clinical features have a direct effect on depressive symptoms; H2: personality traits might work as a mediator between clinical features and depression; H3: social support is related to depressive symptoms, being a direct effect or an indirect effect through clinical features or personality traits.

Results: The final model including 326 RA patients presented a good fit (χ2=103, χ2/df=1.69; GFI=0.96; AGFI=0.93; CFI=0.97; TLI=0.96; RMSEA=0.046). Clinical features had a total effect of 0.59 on depressive symptoms, of which β=0.33 (P=0.013) was an indirect effect through personality traits, indicating a mediating influence between this relationship; moreover, there was a significant direct association between clinical features and depressive symptoms (β=0.26; P=0.022). Personality traits (β=-0.65; P<0.001) had a much stronger relation with depressive symptoms than with clinical features. Social support had a total effect of 0.81 on personality traits, being a direct effect of β=0.52 (P<0.001) and an indirect effect of β=0.29 (P<0.001) through clinical features. The final proposed model explained 77% of the variance of depressive symptoms.

Conclusion: Personality traits had a considerable influence upon depressive symptoms, while social support seemed to have a major effect on personality traits. It is necessary to apply comprehensive assessment and interventions of patients' personality traits, clinical features, as well as social support, which could optimize their mental health.

背景:本研究旨在研究中国类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者的人格特征、社会支持和临床特征(包括疼痛、疾病活动、功能状态、睡眠质量和疲劳)对抑郁症状的影响。方法:本研究于2022年11月至2023年6月在中国RA患者中进行。评估疼痛、疾病活动、功能状态、睡眠质量、疲劳、社会支持、个性特征和抑郁症状。采用结构方程模型分析了三种假设之间的关系:H1:临床特征对抑郁症状有直接影响;H2:人格特征可能是临床特征和抑郁之间的中介;H3:社会支持与抑郁症状有关,是通过临床特征或性格特征产生的直接影响或间接影响。结果:包括326名RA患者的最终模型表现出良好的拟合(χ2=103,χ2/df=1.69;GFI=0.96;AGFI=0.93;CFI=0.97;TLI=0.96,RMSEA=0.046)。临床特征对抑郁症状的总影响为0.59,其中β=0.33(P=0.013)是通过人格特征的间接影响,表明这种关系之间存在中介影响;此外临床特征与抑郁症状之间存在显著的直接相关性(β=0.26;P=0.022)(β=-0.65;P结论:人格特征对抑郁症状的影响较大,而社会支持对人格特征的影响较大。有必要对患者的人格特征、临床特征和社会支持进行综合评估和干预,以优化其心理健康。
{"title":"Determinants of Depressive Symptoms Among Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in China: A Structural Equation Model.","authors":"Lijuan Zhang,&nbsp;Weiyi Zhu,&nbsp;Beiwen Wu","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S428892","DOIUrl":"10.2147/PRBM.S428892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to examine how personality traits, social support and clinical features including pain, disease activity, functional status, sleep quality, and fatigue influence on depressive symptoms in Chinese rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted from November, 2022 to June, 2023 among Chinese RA patients. Pain, disease activity, functional status, sleep quality, fatigue, social support, personality traits, and depressive symptoms were assessed. The following relationships among three hypotheses were analyzed by structural equation model (SEM): H<sub>1</sub>: clinical features have a direct effect on depressive symptoms; H<sub>2</sub>: personality traits might work as a mediator between clinical features and depression; H<sub>3</sub>: social support is related to depressive symptoms, being a direct effect or an indirect effect through clinical features or personality traits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final model including 326 RA patients presented a good fit (χ<sup>2</sup>=103, χ<sup>2</sup>/df=1.69; GFI=0.96; AGFI=0.93; CFI=0.97; TLI=0.96; RMSEA=0.046). Clinical features had a total effect of 0.59 on depressive symptoms, of which β=0.33 (P=0.013) was an indirect effect through personality traits, indicating a mediating influence between this relationship; moreover, there was a significant direct association between clinical features and depressive symptoms (β=0.26; P=0.022). Personality traits (β=-0.65; P<0.001) had a much stronger relation with depressive symptoms than with clinical features. Social support had a total effect of 0.81 on personality traits, being a direct effect of β=0.52 (P<0.001) and an indirect effect of β=0.29 (P<0.001) through clinical features. The final proposed model explained 77% of the variance of depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Personality traits had a considerable influence upon depressive symptoms, while social support seemed to have a major effect on personality traits. It is necessary to apply comprehensive assessment and interventions of patients' personality traits, clinical features, as well as social support, which could optimize their mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"16 ","pages":"4197-4208"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/79/11/prbm-16-4197.PMC10590068.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49692192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanisms from Academic Stress to Subjective Well-Being of Chinese Adolescents: The Roles of Academic Burnout and Internet Addiction. 中国青少年从学业压力到主观幸福的机制:学业倦怠与网络成瘾的作用。
IF 4.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2023-10-17 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S423336
Xiaochun Cheng, Huiling Lin

Purpose: Academic stress is commonly known to affect adolescents' subjective well-being, but the influencing mechanisms are rarely investigated in the Chinese context. This study aims to investigate the psychological and behavioral factors operating as pathways between academic stress and adolescents' subjective well-being.

Samples and methods: A multi-stage cluster random sampling is used to select 1043 adolescents from junior and senior high schools in Jinhu County, Jiangsu Province, China (mean age=14.98 years; 51.1% boys). Structural equation modeling is used to test the direct and indirect effects.

Results: Academic stress is significantly correlated with adolescents' subjective well-being after controlling for gender, grade, hukou, and socioeconomic status. In addition to partially mediating the link between academic stress and subjective well-being, academic burnout and Internet addiction can also operate as chain mediators in this mechanism. Adolescents' subjective well-being shows significant gender disparities, with boys having a greater degree of subjective well-being than girls. Father's income is found to have a significant positive association with adolescents' subjective well-being.

Conclusion: The results indicate that academic stress is a significant predictor of academic burnout, which in turn points to a positive association with Internet addiction, thereby explaining low levels of adolescents' subjective well-being. The present study develops current knowledge and expands our understanding of the underlying mechanisms by which academic stress influences adolescents' subjective well-being. This can also illuminate the practical ramifications for policymakers and social workers to mitigate academic-related stress and burnout, prevent Internet addiction, and ultimately promote the well-being of adolescent students.

目的:众所周知,学业压力会影响青少年的主观幸福感,但其影响机制很少在中国进行研究。本研究旨在探讨学业压力与青少年主观幸福感之间的心理和行为因素。样本和方法:采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,从江苏省金湖县初中和高中1043名青少年(平均年龄14.98岁,男生51.1%)中抽取。结构方程建模用于检验直接和间接效应。结果:在控制性别、年级、户口和社会经济地位后,学业压力与青少年的主观幸福感显著相关。除了部分中介学业压力与主观幸福感之间的联系外,学业倦怠和网络成瘾也可以作为这一机制中的链式中介。青少年的主观幸福感显示出显著的性别差异,男孩的主观幸福度高于女孩。研究发现,父亲的收入与青少年的主观幸福感呈正相关。结论:学业压力是学业倦怠的重要预测因素,而学业压力又与网络成瘾呈正相关,从而解释了青少年主观幸福感水平低的原因。本研究发展了当前的知识,并扩大了我们对学业压力影响青少年主观幸福感的潜在机制的理解。这也可以说明政策制定者和社会工作者在减轻与学业相关的压力和倦怠、预防网络成瘾以及最终促进青少年学生福祉方面的实际影响。
{"title":"Mechanisms from Academic Stress to Subjective Well-Being of Chinese Adolescents: The Roles of Academic Burnout and Internet Addiction.","authors":"Xiaochun Cheng,&nbsp;Huiling Lin","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S423336","DOIUrl":"10.2147/PRBM.S423336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Academic stress is commonly known to affect adolescents' subjective well-being, but the influencing mechanisms are rarely investigated in the Chinese context. This study aims to investigate the psychological and behavioral factors operating as pathways between academic stress and adolescents' subjective well-being.</p><p><strong>Samples and methods: </strong>A multi-stage cluster random sampling is used to select 1043 adolescents from junior and senior high schools in Jinhu County, Jiangsu Province, China (mean age=14.98 years; 51.1% boys). Structural equation modeling is used to test the direct and indirect effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Academic stress is significantly correlated with adolescents' subjective well-being after controlling for gender, grade, hukou, and socioeconomic status. In addition to partially mediating the link between academic stress and subjective well-being, academic burnout and Internet addiction can also operate as chain mediators in this mechanism. Adolescents' subjective well-being shows significant gender disparities, with boys having a greater degree of subjective well-being than girls. Father's income is found to have a significant positive association with adolescents' subjective well-being.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results indicate that academic stress is a significant predictor of academic burnout, which in turn points to a positive association with Internet addiction, thereby explaining low levels of adolescents' subjective well-being. The present study develops current knowledge and expands our understanding of the underlying mechanisms by which academic stress influences adolescents' subjective well-being. This can also illuminate the practical ramifications for policymakers and social workers to mitigate academic-related stress and burnout, prevent Internet addiction, and ultimately promote the well-being of adolescent students.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"16 ","pages":"4183-4196"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8d/5d/prbm-16-4183.PMC10590069.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49692193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Can Moving More and Sitting Less Improve the Academic Engagement of Adolescents?- A Study Based on Junior High School Students in Shanghai, China. 多运动少坐能提高青少年的学术参与度吗?-一项基于中国上海市初中生的研究。
IF 4.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2023-10-16 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S427214
Zisu Wang, Kai Li, Shuangshuang Guo, Xili Wen, Ziyi He, Yujun Cai

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between academic engagement and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE) and sedentary behavior (SB) among adolescents, so as to provide evidence from the perspective of exercising for students to learn efficiently, teachers to improve classroom teaching, and schools to improve educational quality.

Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted in 12 junior high schools in Shanghai, China, which were selected by a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method. Then, with the valid data of 2078 students collected from the survey. A data analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics 26.0. Multiple linear regression models were adopted to analyze the factors affecting adolescent academic engagement and to determine whether MVPA, MSE, and SB play roles in it.

Results: (1) The differences in academic engagement depended on the exercise adherence to the recommended amount of MVPA, MSE, and screen-based SB. (2) In terms of the three independent variables of total time, MSE (β = 0.206) and MVPA (β = 0.175) showed a significant positive correlation with academic engagement, while SB (β = -0.155) was negatively correlated with academic engagement. (3) From the linear regression model of eight combination groups divided by the exercise adherence to the recommended amount of MVPA, MSE and SB, the group that met none of the recommendations (β = -0.235) showed a significant negative effect on academic engagement, while the groups that met any two or all three of the recommendations demonstrated strong positive correlations with academic engagement (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: Increasing adolescents' muscle-strengthening exercise and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior can effectively promote academic engagement. Therefore, adolescents are suggested to reach the recommended amounts of physical activity, muscle-strengthening exercise, and sedentary behavior so as to improve academic engagement more effectively.

目的:本研究旨在探讨青少年的学业投入与中强度体育活动(MVPA)、肌肉强化运动(MSE)和久坐行为(SB)之间的关系,从锻炼的角度为学生高效学习、教师改进课堂教学提供证据,以及学校提高教育质量。方法:采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,对上海市12所初中进行问卷调查。然后,用2078名学生的有效数据进行问卷调查。使用SPSS Statistics 26.0进行数据分析。采用多元线性回归模型分析影响青少年学业投入的因素,并确定MVPA、MSE和SB是否在其中发挥作用,MSE(β=0.206)和MVPA(β=0.175)与学术投入呈显著正相关,SB(β=-0.155)与学术参与呈负相关。(3) 根据八个组合组的线性回归模型,根据运动对推荐量MVPA、MSE和SB的坚持程度划分,未满足任何建议的组(β=-0.235)对学术参与表现出显著的负面影响,而满足任意两项或全部三项建议的组与学术参与度呈正相关(P<0.001)。结论:增加青少年的肌肉强化运动和中等强度到剧烈的体育活动,减少久坐行为,可以有效地促进学术参与度。因此,建议青少年达到建议的体育活动量、肌肉强化运动量和久坐行为量,以便更有效地提高学术参与度。
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Psychology Research and Behavior Management
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