Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1051/radiopro/2024026
L. Vaillant
Le système de radioprotection vise à protéger l’homme et l’environnement contre les effets nocifs liés à l’exposition aux rayonnements ionisants. Il repose sur 3 principes de gestion : le principe de justification, le principe d’optimisation de la protection et l’application des limites de dose. En ce qui concerne la santé humaine, l’objectif du système est, plus précisément, de prévenir les réactions tissulaires et de maintenir la probabilité d’effets stochastiques à un niveau acceptable, compte-tenu des caractéristiques de la situation d’exposition. Pour les situations d’exposition planifiées, hors exposition médicale, la fixation de limites de dose est nécessaire, non seulement pour atteindre le premier objectif, mais aussi pour contribuer au second. Depuis 1928, la Commission Internationale de Protection Radiologique a développé un système de protection radiologique basé sur la science, les valeurs et l’expérience, et qui comprend, entre autres, des recommandations portant sur les limites de dose. Cet article a pour but d’explorer la rationalité des valeurs de limites de dose proposées par la Commission.
{"title":"Le principe de limitation des doses et la tolérabilité du risque radiologique","authors":"L. Vaillant","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2024026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2024026","url":null,"abstract":"Le système de radioprotection vise à protéger l’homme et l’environnement contre les effets nocifs liés à l’exposition aux rayonnements ionisants. Il repose sur 3 principes de gestion : le principe de justification, le principe d’optimisation de la protection et l’application des limites de dose. En ce qui concerne la santé humaine, l’objectif du système est, plus précisément, de prévenir les réactions tissulaires et de maintenir la probabilité d’effets stochastiques à un niveau acceptable, compte-tenu des caractéristiques de la situation d’exposition. Pour les situations d’exposition planifiées, hors exposition médicale, la fixation de limites de dose est nécessaire, non seulement pour atteindre le premier objectif, mais aussi pour contribuer au second. Depuis 1928, la Commission Internationale de Protection Radiologique a développé un système de protection radiologique basé sur la science, les valeurs et l’expérience, et qui comprend, entre autres, des recommandations portant sur les limites de dose. Cet article a pour but d’explorer la rationalité des valeurs de limites de dose proposées par la Commission.","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141646181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.1051/radiopro/2024025
F. Poursoltani, M. Behmadi, M. Keshtkar, M. Ghorbani, F. Paknazar, P. Hejazi
Introduction: In thoracic computed tomography (CT) examinations, patients' breasts are exposed to high radiation doses, necessitating the need to reduce the received dose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of a new composition of a shielding material with minimal impact on image quality. Materials and methods: Different breast shields were manufactured with varying weight percentages of copper and BaSO4. Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) and thorax phantoms were used to assess the radiation shielding effectiveness. Image quality, in terms of noise and CT number accuracy, was quantitatively evaluated on a CTDI phantom. Additionally, a controlled trial with 60 female participants was conducted to further assess image quality and select the best breast radiation shield. Results: The results indicated that the different shield compositions reduced the surface dose by 14.17-51.69%. The shield with a composition of 90% Cu-10% BaSO4 and 50% Cu-50% BaSO4 had the lowest noise, while the 100% bismuth shield had the highest noise. Importantly, the 50% Cu-50% BaSO4 shield did not cause artifacts in the thoracic CT images. Conclusion: By using the 50% Cu-50% BaSO4 shield, a significant dose reduction was achieved while maintaining appropriate image quality, making it suitable for clinical applications.
{"title":"Evaluation of Barium sulfate-copper breast radiation shield for use in thoracic Computed Tomography Examinations","authors":"F. Poursoltani, M. Behmadi, M. Keshtkar, M. Ghorbani, F. Paknazar, P. Hejazi","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2024025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2024025","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In thoracic computed tomography (CT) examinations, patients' breasts are exposed to high radiation doses, necessitating the need to reduce the received dose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of a new composition of a shielding material with minimal impact on image quality. Materials and methods: Different breast shields were manufactured with varying weight percentages of copper and BaSO4. Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) and thorax phantoms were used to assess the radiation shielding effectiveness. Image quality, in terms of noise and CT number accuracy, was quantitatively evaluated on a CTDI phantom. Additionally, a controlled trial with 60 female participants was conducted to further assess image quality and select the best breast radiation shield. Results: The results indicated that the different shield compositions reduced the surface dose by 14.17-51.69%. The shield with a composition of 90% Cu-10% BaSO4 and 50% Cu-50% BaSO4 had the lowest noise, while the 100% bismuth shield had the highest noise. Importantly, the 50% Cu-50% BaSO4 shield did not cause artifacts in the thoracic CT images. Conclusion: By using the 50% Cu-50% BaSO4 shield, a significant dose reduction was achieved while maintaining appropriate image quality, making it suitable for clinical applications.","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141652852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.1051/radiopro/2024028
E. Srinivasa, D. R. Rangaswamy, S. Suresh
The distribution of natural radionuclides in soil samples have been carried out in and around Hassan district, Karnataka, India by using Hyper Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector and natural ambient gamma dose rate were measured using portable GM survey meter ER-709. The activity concentration of radionuclides such as 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in soil samples of the study area are varies from 13.65±0.9 to 64±1.6, 19.43±0.9 to 185.5±1.8 and 197.85±9.8 to 1214±22.4 Bq kg-1 with a mean value of 39.40±1.3, 59.63±1.5 and 591.38±15.8 Bq kg-1 respectively. The radiological hazards such as the radium equivalent activities (Raeq), external hazard index (Hex), internal hazard index (Hin), gamma index (Iγ), gamma absorbed dose and annual effective dose associated with the natural radioactivity in soil samples were calculated and compared with global average values.
{"title":"Natural radioactivity and radiological hazards assessment in soil samples of Hassan district, Karnataka State, India","authors":"E. Srinivasa, D. R. Rangaswamy, S. Suresh","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2024028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2024028","url":null,"abstract":"The distribution of natural radionuclides in soil samples have been carried out in and around Hassan district, Karnataka, India by using Hyper Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector and natural ambient gamma dose rate were measured using portable GM survey meter ER-709. The activity concentration of radionuclides such as 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in soil samples of the study area are varies from 13.65±0.9 to 64±1.6, 19.43±0.9 to 185.5±1.8 and 197.85±9.8 to 1214±22.4 Bq kg-1 with a mean value of 39.40±1.3, 59.63±1.5 and 591.38±15.8 Bq kg-1 respectively. The radiological hazards such as the radium equivalent activities (Raeq), external hazard index (Hex), internal hazard index (Hin), gamma index (Iγ), gamma absorbed dose and annual effective dose associated with the natural radioactivity in soil samples were calculated and compared with global average values.","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141654627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.1051/radiopro/2024024
H. Sekkat, A. Khallouqi, O. El rhazouani, A. Halimi, K, Elmansouri, Y. Madkouri
This review systematically examines the optimization of radiological imaging protocols and practices from December 2023 to April 2024. Through a rigorous selection process, 97 relevant articles and reports were identified from databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Screening of titles and abstracts, followed by a thorough evaluation of full-text articles meeting inclusion criteria, yielded 63 studies for qualitative analysis. Advancements in digital radiography, mammography, fluoroscopy, and interventional radiology have reshaped imaging techniques. Traditional methods, augmented by digital tools and algorithms, optimize imaging while minimizing radiation exposure. Innovations such as ultra-low-dose imaging in mammography aim to enhance cancer detection with reduced radiation. Optimization in fluoroscopy and interventional radiology involves a nuanced approach, considering both equipment protocols and operator behavior. Collaboration between medical physicists and optimization teams aligns protocols with equipment functionality. ISO-defined quality management principles guide the establishment of quality in radiology departments through components like quality control and assurance. Dosimetry monitors equipment performance and estimates individualized radiation risks, ensuring patient safety. Performance indicators help in assessing departmental performance, with medical physicists driving their development and monitoring. Collaborative initiatives and emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence and theranostics, underscore the ongoing journey of dose optimization in radiology. These strategies will shape the future of radiological imaging, enabling personalized patient care and advancing our understanding of health and disease.
本综述系统研究了 2023 年 12 月至 2024 年 4 月期间放射成像协议和实践的优化情况。通过严格的筛选过程，我们从 PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 等数据库中找到了 97 篇相关文章和报告。筛选标题和摘要后，对符合纳入标准的文章全文进行了全面评估，最终得出了 63 项用于定性分析的研究。数字射线摄影、乳腺摄影、透视和介入放射学的进步重塑了成像技术。传统方法在数字工具和算法的辅助下优化了成像效果，同时最大限度地减少了辐射暴露。乳腺 X 射线超低剂量成像等创新技术旨在通过减少辐射来提高癌症检测能力。透视和介入放射学中的优化涉及到一种细致入微的方法，既要考虑设备协议，又要考虑操作人员的行为。医学物理学家和优化团队之间的合作使协议与设备功能保持一致。ISO 定义的质量管理原则通过质量控制和保证等环节指导放射科建立质量体系。剂量测定可监控设备性能并估算个性化辐射风险，从而确保患者安全。绩效指标有助于评估科室绩效，由医学物理学家推动指标的制定和监测。包括人工智能和治疗学在内的合作计划和新兴技术突显了放射科剂量优化的持续发展。这些战略将塑造放射成像的未来，实现个性化的患者护理，并促进我们对健康和疾病的了解。
{"title":"Balancing precision and safety: the crucial imperative of radiation dose optimization in radiology and the role of certified medical physicists in quality assessment","authors":"H. Sekkat, A. Khallouqi, O. El rhazouani, A. Halimi, K, Elmansouri, Y. Madkouri","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2024024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2024024","url":null,"abstract":"This review systematically examines the optimization of radiological imaging protocols and practices from December 2023 to April 2024. Through a rigorous selection process, 97 relevant articles and reports were identified from databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Screening of titles and abstracts, followed by a thorough evaluation of full-text articles meeting inclusion criteria, yielded 63 studies for qualitative analysis. Advancements in digital radiography, mammography, fluoroscopy, and interventional radiology have reshaped imaging techniques. Traditional methods, augmented by digital tools and algorithms, optimize imaging while minimizing radiation exposure. Innovations such as ultra-low-dose imaging in mammography aim to enhance cancer detection with reduced radiation. Optimization in fluoroscopy and interventional radiology involves a nuanced approach, considering both equipment protocols and operator behavior. Collaboration between medical physicists and optimization teams aligns protocols with equipment functionality. ISO-defined quality management principles guide the establishment of quality in radiology departments through components like quality control and assurance. Dosimetry monitors equipment performance and estimates individualized radiation risks, ensuring patient safety. Performance indicators help in assessing departmental performance, with medical physicists driving their development and monitoring. Collaborative initiatives and emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence and theranostics, underscore the ongoing journey of dose optimization in radiology. These strategies will shape the future of radiological imaging, enabling personalized patient care and advancing our understanding of health and disease.","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141837191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.1051/radiopro/2024023
Shinya Ito, Emi Furukawa, T. Okuhara, H. Okada, Takahiro Kiuchi
Information on professionally produced materials is beyond the reading level of the average adult and is difficult to read and understand. Additionally, the readability of nuclear emergency preparedness manuals in Japan is not clear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the understandability, actionability, readability, and quality of nuclear emergency preparedness manuals. A systematic quantitative content analysis of online resources was conducted from November 27 to December 8, 2023. The selection criteria were websites in Japanese related to nuclear disaster prevention and aimed at the general public. The PEMAT-P, jReadability, Journal of the American Medical Association benchmark criteria, and Global Quality Scale were used to evaluate each web page. The number of respondents who scored 70 or higher on the PEMAT-P was 71 (61.2%) for Understandability and 57 (49.1%) for Actionability. Regarding the difficulty level of the texts by jReadability, "Difficult" was the most frequent response with 82 responses (70.7%). The JAMA Benchmark Criteria was 35.3% in 41 patients for attribution, 80.2% in 93 patients for currency, and a mean GQS of 4.1 (SD=1.0). This study quantitatively evaluated the understandability, actionability, readability, and quality of nuclear disaster prevention materials for the Japanese public. The findings suggest that text pertaining to nuclear disaster prevention materials may not be easily understood because it is beyond the reading comprehension of the average adult.
{"title":"Evaluating the Overall Quality of Online Information on Nuclear Power Plant Accidents in Japanese","authors":"Shinya Ito, Emi Furukawa, T. Okuhara, H. Okada, Takahiro Kiuchi","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2024023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2024023","url":null,"abstract":"Information on professionally produced materials is beyond the reading level of the average adult and is difficult to read and understand. Additionally, the readability of nuclear emergency preparedness manuals in Japan is not clear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the understandability, actionability, readability, and quality of nuclear emergency preparedness manuals. A systematic quantitative content analysis of online resources was conducted from November 27 to December 8, 2023. The selection criteria were websites in Japanese related to nuclear disaster prevention and aimed at the general public. The PEMAT-P, jReadability, Journal of the American Medical Association benchmark criteria, and Global Quality Scale were used to evaluate each web page. The number of respondents who scored 70 or higher on the PEMAT-P was 71 (61.2%) for Understandability and 57 (49.1%) for Actionability. Regarding the difficulty level of the texts by jReadability, \"Difficult\" was the most frequent response with 82 responses (70.7%). The JAMA Benchmark Criteria was 35.3% in 41 patients for attribution, 80.2% in 93 patients for currency, and a mean GQS of 4.1 (SD=1.0). This study quantitatively evaluated the understandability, actionability, readability, and quality of nuclear disaster prevention materials for the Japanese public. The findings suggest that text pertaining to nuclear disaster prevention materials may not be easily understood because it is beyond the reading comprehension of the average adult.","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141688442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.1051/radiopro/2024017
H. Sekkat, K. Elmansouri, A. Khallouqi, A. Halimi, O. El rhazouani, Z. Tahiri, M. Talbi, M. El Mansouri
Accurate dose estimation in computed tomography (CT) scans is crucial and relies on precise normalization of output dose, typically measured by the volume CT dose index (CTDIvol). Key metrics, including effective diameter (Deff) and water-equivalent diameter (Dw), play pivotal roles in characterizing patient size. However, a notable gap exists in delineating the specific relationships between age and head patient size (Deff and Dw) for pediatric patients in Morocco. The primary objective of this study was to establish these critical associations between patient age and head patient size (Deff and Dw), providing a foundation for calculating size-specific dose estimates (SSDE) in pediatric head CT examinations. A retrospective analysis of data from 134 pediatric patients, aged 0-13 years, comprising 71 males and 63 females who underwent head CT scans, was conducted. Utilizing the Radiant DICOM Viewer, patient sizes were measured in terms of both lateral and anterior-posterior dimensions for Deff and Dw calculations based on CT images in DICOM format. Our analysis revealed robust correlations between patient size (Deff and Dw) and the patient's age, with R2 values ranging from 0.65 to 0.86. Notably, larger Dw values were consistently observed compared to Deff. For male patients, Deff measurements ranged from 9.02 to 18.77 cm, with Dw values spanning 9.83 to 20.16 cm. Female patients exhibited Deff values ranging from 8.77 to 17.41 cm and Dw values ranging from 8.92 to 18.37 cm. These findings shed light on the crucial relationship between age and patient size, facilitating more precise dose calculations.
{"title":"Characterizing Pediatric Head Patient Size in Moroccan Population: Establishing Age-Dependent Relationships for Accurate CT Dose Estimation","authors":"H. Sekkat, K. Elmansouri, A. Khallouqi, A. Halimi, O. El rhazouani, Z. Tahiri, M. Talbi, M. El Mansouri","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2024017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2024017","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate dose estimation in computed tomography (CT) scans is crucial and relies on precise normalization of output dose, typically measured by the volume CT dose index (CTDIvol). Key metrics, including effective diameter (Deff) and water-equivalent diameter (Dw), play pivotal roles in characterizing patient size. However, a notable gap exists in delineating the specific relationships between age and head patient size (Deff and Dw) for pediatric patients in Morocco. The primary objective of this study was to establish these critical associations between patient age and head patient size (Deff and Dw), providing a foundation for calculating size-specific dose estimates (SSDE) in pediatric head CT examinations. A retrospective analysis of data from 134 pediatric patients, aged 0-13 years, comprising 71 males and 63 females who underwent head CT scans, was conducted. Utilizing the Radiant DICOM Viewer, patient sizes were measured in terms of both lateral and anterior-posterior dimensions for Deff and Dw calculations based on CT images in DICOM format. Our analysis revealed robust correlations between patient size (Deff and Dw) and the patient's age, with R2 values ranging from 0.65 to 0.86. Notably, larger Dw values were consistently observed compared to Deff. For male patients, Deff measurements ranged from 9.02 to 18.77 cm, with Dw values spanning 9.83 to 20.16 cm. Female patients exhibited Deff values ranging from 8.77 to 17.41 cm and Dw values ranging from 8.92 to 18.37 cm. These findings shed light on the crucial relationship between age and patient size, facilitating more precise dose calculations.","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140977484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1051/radiopro/2024011
R. Sindi, B. Al-Shamrani, Aghadeer B. F. Al-Qurashi, M. Al-Qarhi, B. Al-Shehri, R. Al-Otaibi, N. Alomairy, N. Shubayr
The management and optimization of radiation dose in computed tomography (CT) examinations is of paramount importance, especially when the safety of patients is concerned. This study evaluated the effect of implementing national diagnostic reference levels (NDRLs) for radiation dose optimization in 1,991 adult chest CT scans at a major Saudi hospital. Data was analyzed before and after NDRL implementation, with 21.5% of scans using contrast and 78.5% without. Before implementation, 11.1% used contrast and 36.7% did not; after implementation, 10.4% used contrast and 41.7% did not. The majority (83.5%) of scans passed NDRL criteria [CTDIvol and DLP are set at 12 (mGy) and 430 (mGy·cm)], with higher pass rates for contrast (91.8%) versus non-contrast (81.5%) scans. Effective dose (ED) was compared before and after NDRL implementation. For non-contrast scans, ED declined 2.43% from 12.37±5.25 mSv to 12.07±4.99 mSv after implementation (non-significant, p>0.05). For contrast scans, ED declined more substantially, 6.77% from 9.6±4.61 mSv to 8.95±4.44 mSv (non-significant, p>0.05). The findings highlight higher NDRL compliance in procedures with contrast and show areas for dose optimization improvement in procedures without contrast. Results suggest NDRLs provide guidance for optimizing radiation dose, but other factors like patient characteristics, protocol settings, and quality assurance programs should also be considered to ensure doses are as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) without compromising diagnostic quality. Regular monitoring and review of CT protocols is recommended to avoid unintended consequences of dose reduction. Continued optimization is encouraged to reduce dose while ensuring quality.
{"title":"Impact of Implementing National Diagnostic Reference Levels on Radiation Dose Optimization in Adult Chest CT Scans: A Comparative Analysis","authors":"R. Sindi, B. Al-Shamrani, Aghadeer B. F. Al-Qurashi, M. Al-Qarhi, B. Al-Shehri, R. Al-Otaibi, N. Alomairy, N. Shubayr","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2024011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2024011","url":null,"abstract":"The management and optimization of radiation dose in computed tomography (CT) examinations is of paramount importance, especially when the safety of patients is concerned. This study evaluated the effect of implementing national diagnostic reference levels (NDRLs) for radiation dose optimization in 1,991 adult chest CT scans at a major Saudi hospital. Data was analyzed before and after NDRL implementation, with 21.5% of scans using contrast and 78.5% without. Before implementation, 11.1% used contrast and 36.7% did not; after implementation, 10.4% used contrast and 41.7% did not. The majority (83.5%) of scans passed NDRL criteria [CTDIvol and DLP are set at 12 (mGy) and 430 (mGy·cm)], with higher pass rates for contrast (91.8%) versus non-contrast (81.5%) scans. Effective dose (ED) was compared before and after NDRL implementation. For non-contrast scans, ED declined 2.43% from 12.37±5.25 mSv to 12.07±4.99 mSv after implementation (non-significant, p>0.05). For contrast scans, ED declined more substantially, 6.77% from 9.6±4.61 mSv to 8.95±4.44 mSv (non-significant, p>0.05). The findings highlight higher NDRL compliance in procedures with contrast and show areas for dose optimization improvement in procedures without contrast. Results suggest NDRLs provide guidance for optimizing radiation dose, but other factors like patient characteristics, protocol settings, and quality assurance programs should also be considered to ensure doses are as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) without compromising diagnostic quality. Regular monitoring and review of CT protocols is recommended to avoid unintended consequences of dose reduction. Continued optimization is encouraged to reduce dose while ensuring quality.","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140232887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.1051/radiopro/2024010
Z. Tahiri, M. Talbi, M. El Mansouri, H. Sekkat, M. Mkimel, O. Nhila, M. Essendoubi, S. Hiroual
This observational cross-sectional study aimed to assess radiation exposure during mammography for breast cancer screening in Morocco and highlight the importance of dose optimization. Patient data from 1100 mammographic examinations conducted in five units in the Rabat-Salé-Zemmour-Zaër region were collected. The mean glandular dose (MGD) and technical parameters, such as exposure factors and breast thickness, were analyzed. The data were compared with international studies to provide context. The overall mean MGD was 1.34 ± 0.36 mGy for craniocaudal (CC) and 1.48 ± 0.38 mGy for mediolateral oblique (MLO) incidences. The MGD varied among different units and anode/filter combinations. The Rh/Rh anode/filter combination was most commonly used, resulting in the lowest radiation dose. The study findings also highlighted the relationship between MGD and breast thickness, with higher doses observed for thicker breasts. This study provides valuable insights into radiation exposure during mammography breast cancer screening in Morocco. The results underscore the importance of dose optimization strategies to ensure patient safety without compromising diagnostic image quality. Implementing optimized technical parameters, conducting regular quality assurance programs, and promoting education and awareness are essential in achieving dose reduction and minimizing radiation risks. Collaboration among healthcare professionals, regulatory bodies, and international organizations is crucial for sharing best practices and advancing radiation dose optimization in mammography.
这项横断面观察性研究旨在评估摩洛哥乳腺癌筛查中乳腺 X 射线照相术的辐射量，并强调剂量优化的重要性。研究收集了拉巴特-萨莱-泽莫尔-扎埃尔地区五个单位进行的1100例乳腺X光检查的患者数据。对平均腺体剂量（MGD）和技术参数（如暴露因子和乳房厚度）进行了分析。数据与国际研究进行了比较，以提供背景资料。颅尾（CC）和内外侧斜（MLO）的总平均腺体剂量分别为 1.34 ± 0.36 mGy 和 1.48 ± 0.38 mGy。不同单位和阳极/滤波器组合的 MGD 各不相同。最常用的是 Rh/Rh 阳极/过滤器组合，其辐射剂量最低。研究结果还强调了MGD与乳房厚度之间的关系，乳房越厚，辐射剂量越高。这项研究为摩洛哥乳腺 X 射线乳腺癌筛查过程中的辐射暴露提供了宝贵的见解。研究结果凸显了剂量优化策略的重要性，可在不影响诊断图像质量的前提下确保患者安全。实施优化的技术参数、开展定期的质量保证计划以及促进教育和提高认识对于实现剂量降低和辐射风险最小化至关重要。医疗保健专业人员、监管机构和国际组织之间的合作对于分享最佳实践和推进乳腺放射剂量优化至关重要。
{"title":"RADIATION EXPOSURE IN ROUTINE MAMMOGRAPHY SCREENING: A LARGE OBSERVATIONAL CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN MOROCCO","authors":"Z. Tahiri, M. Talbi, M. El Mansouri, H. Sekkat, M. Mkimel, O. Nhila, M. Essendoubi, S. Hiroual","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2024010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2024010","url":null,"abstract":"This observational cross-sectional study aimed to assess radiation exposure during mammography for breast cancer screening in Morocco and highlight the importance of dose optimization. \u0000Patient data from 1100 mammographic examinations conducted in five units in the Rabat-Salé-Zemmour-Zaër region were collected. The mean glandular dose (MGD) and technical parameters, such as exposure factors and breast thickness, were analyzed. The data were compared with international studies to provide context. \u0000The overall mean MGD was 1.34 ± 0.36 mGy for craniocaudal (CC) and 1.48 ± 0.38 mGy for mediolateral oblique (MLO) incidences. The MGD varied among different units and anode/filter combinations. The Rh/Rh anode/filter combination was most commonly used, resulting in the lowest radiation dose. The study findings also highlighted the relationship between MGD and breast thickness, with higher doses observed for thicker breasts. \u0000This study provides valuable insights into radiation exposure during mammography breast cancer screening in Morocco. The results underscore the importance of dose optimization strategies to ensure patient safety without compromising diagnostic image quality. Implementing optimized technical parameters, conducting regular quality assurance programs, and promoting education and awareness are essential in achieving dose reduction and minimizing radiation risks. Collaboration among healthcare professionals, regulatory bodies, and international organizations is crucial for sharing best practices and advancing radiation dose optimization in mammography. \u0000","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-05DOI: 10.1051/radiopro/2024009
S. M Kabeer, S. A Aliyu, F. K Umar, I. Kamal, N. A Muhammad, M. K. A Karim
Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) are embedded into the optimization procedure to regulate CT dose and diagnostic quality. The purpose of this research was to establish the local DRLs and radiation dose exposure for CT scans at the Sokoto State Advanced Medical Diagnostic Center, Nigeria. 200 patients who had CT head, chest, and abdomen-pelvis scans were collected and evaluated for this study. It was established that the DRLs for CTDIvol for the head, thorax, and abdomen-pelvis were 48.2, 9.44, and 8.02, respectively with DLP DRLs in mGy.cm were 1044, 372, and 646. When comparing head CTs, our CTDIvol DRL is lower than many international standards, yet our DLP DRL is also below those of other nations. The chest CT DRL from Sokoto state is comparable to the DLP standards of more developed nations, although its CTDIvol is higher. The abdomen-pelvis CTDIvol DRLs are lower than those of the UK and US, thus necessitating the implementation of a controlled and optimized protocol in order to guarantee patient safety while maintaining image quality.
{"title":"ESTABLISHMENT OF DIAGNOSTIC REFERENCE LEVEL FOR ROUTINE CT SCAN EXAMINATION IN SOKOTO STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"S. M Kabeer, S. A Aliyu, F. K Umar, I. Kamal, N. A Muhammad, M. K. A Karim","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2024009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2024009","url":null,"abstract":"Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) are embedded into the optimization procedure to regulate CT dose and diagnostic quality. The purpose of this research was to establish the local DRLs and radiation dose exposure for CT scans at the Sokoto State Advanced Medical Diagnostic Center, Nigeria. 200 patients who had CT head, chest, and abdomen-pelvis scans were collected and evaluated for this study. It was established that the DRLs for CTDIvol for the head, thorax, and abdomen-pelvis were 48.2, 9.44, and 8.02, respectively with DLP DRLs in mGy.cm were 1044, 372, and 646. When comparing head CTs, our CTDIvol DRL is lower than many international standards, yet our DLP DRL is also below those of other nations. The chest CT DRL from Sokoto state is comparable to the DLP standards of more developed nations, although its CTDIvol is higher. The abdomen-pelvis CTDIvol DRLs are lower than those of the UK and US, thus necessitating the implementation of a controlled and optimized protocol in order to guarantee patient safety while maintaining image quality.","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140265098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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