Whole body doses records of industrial radiography workers in Cameroon were analysed in this study. Average annual effective dose and collective effective dose were estimated from dose records of 2012 to 2022. The average annual effective dose for monitored workers in the periods 2012-2022 and 2020-2022 were respectively equal to 1.28 mSv and 0.41mSv, and the average annual effective dose for measurably exposed workers in the periods 2012-2022 and 2020-2022 were respectively equal to 1.61 mSv and 0.66 mSv. The average annual effective dose for monitored workers in the period 2020-2022 is lower than the global value of 1.10 reported by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR 2020/2021 Report). The highest collective effective doses were obtained in 2013 and 2014 and were equal to 0.131 man.Sv and 0.126 man.Sv respectively. Many cases of high exposures and one case of effective dose limit exceeded were recorded during the period 2012-2022. Investigations carried out showed that high exposures were mainly caused by high workloads, working in elevated levels, failure to follow operational procedures, equipment malfunction or defect.
{"title":"Whole Body Occupational Exposure in Industrial Radiography in Cameroon (2012 -2022)","authors":"C.D. Njiki, T.C. Tella, G.H. Ben Bolie, J.F. Beyala Ateba, A.Simo; Y.H. Ebele Yigbedeck","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2023031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2023031","url":null,"abstract":"Whole body doses records of industrial radiography workers in Cameroon were analysed in this study. Average annual effective dose and collective effective dose were estimated from dose records of 2012 to 2022. The average annual effective dose for monitored workers in the periods 2012-2022 and 2020-2022 were respectively equal to 1.28 mSv and 0.41mSv, and the average annual effective dose for measurably exposed workers in the periods 2012-2022 and 2020-2022 were respectively equal to 1.61 mSv and 0.66 mSv. The average annual effective dose for monitored workers in the period 2020-2022 is lower than the global value of 1.10 reported by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR 2020/2021 Report). The highest collective effective doses were obtained in 2013 and 2014 and were equal to 0.131 man.Sv and 0.126 man.Sv respectively. Many cases of high exposures and one case of effective dose limit exceeded were recorded during the period 2012-2022. Investigations carried out showed that high exposures were mainly caused by high workloads, working in elevated levels, failure to follow operational procedures, equipment malfunction or defect.","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135044375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.1051/radiopro/2023028
Abdullah M. Assiri, Musaed Almalki, Nasser Shubayr, Ahmed Alqahtani, Rasha Darwish, Faisal Alotaibi, Mohalhal Alanazi, Mohammed Alzahrani, Saleh Alrumyan, Yasser Alghamdi
This study aimed to assess and improve the preparedness of selected hospitals in Saudi Arabia for nuclear and radiological emergencies. A team of experts developed and issued guidelines for radiation emergency response, selected 21 referral hospitals across the country, provided technical and logistical support, evaluated preparedness and provided recommendations for improvement. An evaluation process with four essential criteria (early detection of accidents, medical response team responsibilities, availability and accessibility of equipment and supplies, and training on the implementation of the emergency plan) and 50 sub-criteria was conducted, and hospitals' preparedness was assessed. The initial assessment showed that most hospitals had a moderate level of preparedness, with an average overall score of 67.5%. Interventions were implemented through training workshops, guidelines, checklists, and feedback. The follow-up assessment showed that the intervention was highly effective in enhancing the preparedness of all hospitals, with an average overall score of 99.1%. All hospitals achieved the benchmark of 80% or higher in all four aspects, with 14 hospitals scoring 100% and the remaining seven hospitals requiring further technical support. The study concluded that the intervention was successful in improving the preparedness of health facilities for nuclear and radiological emergencies and recommended continuous monitoring and evaluation to maintain the high level of readiness.
{"title":"Medical Preparedness and Response for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency: An Assessment Study in Selected Hospitals of The Ministry of Health Across Saudi Arabia","authors":"Abdullah M. Assiri, Musaed Almalki, Nasser Shubayr, Ahmed Alqahtani, Rasha Darwish, Faisal Alotaibi, Mohalhal Alanazi, Mohammed Alzahrani, Saleh Alrumyan, Yasser Alghamdi","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2023028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2023028","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to assess and improve the preparedness of selected hospitals in Saudi Arabia for nuclear and radiological emergencies. A team of experts developed and issued guidelines for radiation emergency response, selected 21 referral hospitals across the country, provided technical and logistical support, evaluated preparedness and provided recommendations for improvement. An evaluation process with four essential criteria (early detection of accidents, medical response team responsibilities, availability and accessibility of equipment and supplies, and training on the implementation of the emergency plan) and 50 sub-criteria was conducted, and hospitals' preparedness was assessed. The initial assessment showed that most hospitals had a moderate level of preparedness, with an average overall score of 67.5%. Interventions were implemented through training workshops, guidelines, checklists, and feedback. The follow-up assessment showed that the intervention was highly effective in enhancing the preparedness of all hospitals, with an average overall score of 99.1%. All hospitals achieved the benchmark of 80% or higher in all four aspects, with 14 hospitals scoring 100% and the remaining seven hospitals requiring further technical support. The study concluded that the intervention was successful in improving the preparedness of health facilities for nuclear and radiological emergencies and recommended continuous monitoring and evaluation to maintain the high level of readiness.","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135044373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: CT is an essential part of medical diagnosis, and demand for this type of examination is growing all the time. Hence the need to optimise CT protocols in order to minimize the dose delivered to patients while maintaining good image quality.
Objective: This study aims to assess patient radiation doses, and to establish diagnostic reference levels for Adult CT examinations at the Souss Massa regional hospital, Morocco.
Method: This is a cross-sectional study, with data collected between January and June 2023 from 8 CT examinations at the Souss Massa regional hospital. Patient data was specified for each type of CT scan, including age, sex, weight, and height, as well as scanner acquisition parameters including number of series, use of contrast media, rotation time plus slice thickness, the displayed Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDIvol), and the Dose Length Product (DLP). DRLs is calculated for each type of CT examinations by estimating the 75% percentile of the CTDIvol and the DLP. The effective dose is calculated according to the following formula:
E(mSv) = EDLP × DLP (mGy.cm). The data are statistically analyzed by SPSS V 21.0 software.
Results: DRLs in terms of CTDIvol, and DLP for brain without contrast media are 64,45 mGy, and 1405,77 mGy.cm respectively. For chest CT without contrast media, they are 11,13 mGy, and 417,73 mGy.cm respectively. The data from the Abdominal CT show that the CTDIvol (9,74 mGy) and DLP (529,31 mGy.cm) values with contrast media are higher than those without contrast media, which are (9,35 mGy) and (515,21 mGy.cm) respectively. DRls in terms of CTDIvol and DLP for Abdomen and Pelvis CT with contrast media are 8,14 mGy and 444,51 mGy.cm respectively. For Chest Abdomen and Pelvis with contrast media they are 8,51 mGy, and 571,30 mGy.cm respectively. The effective dose was 2,37, 6,50, 6,24, 6,76, 5,07, 7,13 mSv for Brain without contrast media, Chest without contrast media, Abdomen without contrast media, Abdomen with contrast media, Abdomen and Pelvis with contrast media, and Chest Abdomen and Pelvis respectively.
Conclusion: Adapting CT protocols according to the morphology of patients and the conditions under which each examination is carried out can help to maintain the doses received by patients at an optimum level.
{"title":"Patient Radiation Doses from Adult CT examinations at the Souss Massa regional hospital.","authors":"Mohamed EL FAHSSI, Slimane SEMGHOULI, Bouchra AMAOUI, Laila JROUNDI, Malika ÇAOUI","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2023030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2023030","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: CT is an essential part of medical diagnosis, and demand for this type of examination is growing all the time. Hence the need to optimise CT protocols in order to minimize the dose delivered to patients while maintaining good image quality. 
 Objective: This study aims to assess patient radiation doses, and to establish diagnostic reference levels for Adult CT examinations at the Souss Massa regional hospital, Morocco. 
 Method: This is a cross-sectional study, with data collected between January and June 2023 from 8 CT examinations at the Souss Massa regional hospital. Patient data was specified for each type of CT scan, including age, sex, weight, and height, as well as scanner acquisition parameters including number of series, use of contrast media, rotation time plus slice thickness, the displayed Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDIvol), and the Dose Length Product (DLP). DRLs is calculated for each type of CT examinations by estimating the 75% percentile of the CTDIvol and the DLP. The effective dose is calculated according to the following formula: 
 E(mSv) = EDLP × DLP (mGy.cm). The data are statistically analyzed by SPSS V 21.0 software. 
 Results: DRLs in terms of CTDIvol, and DLP for brain without contrast media are 64,45 mGy, and 1405,77 mGy.cm respectively. For chest CT without contrast media, they are 11,13 mGy, and 417,73 mGy.cm respectively. The data from the Abdominal CT show that the CTDIvol (9,74 mGy) and DLP (529,31 mGy.cm) values with contrast media are higher than those without contrast media, which are (9,35 mGy) and (515,21 mGy.cm) respectively. DRls in terms of CTDIvol and DLP for Abdomen and Pelvis CT with contrast media are 8,14 mGy and 444,51 mGy.cm respectively. For Chest Abdomen and Pelvis with contrast media they are 8,51 mGy, and 571,30 mGy.cm respectively. The effective dose was 2,37, 6,50, 6,24, 6,76, 5,07, 7,13 mSv for Brain without contrast media, Chest without contrast media, Abdomen without contrast media, Abdomen with contrast media, Abdomen and Pelvis with contrast media, and Chest Abdomen and Pelvis respectively. 
 Conclusion: Adapting CT protocols according to the morphology of patients and the conditions under which each examination is carried out can help to maintain the doses received by patients at an optimum level.
","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135043419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.1051/radiopro/2023032
A. Mir Derikvand, S. Dalvand, A. MohammadSharifi, S. Bagherzadeh
The diagnostic reference level (DRL) is a powerful tool for dose optimization in every radiological examination. This research aimed to assess the level of knowledge and awareness regarding radiation protection and DRLs among 102 CT technologists in various hospitals across Iran. A questionnaire including 20 multiple-choice and open-format questions was devised and distributed among 115 CT technologists in medical imaging departments in various hospitals in Iran. The questionnaire was divided into demographic information, general radiation protection knowledge, and DRL knowledge.
A response rate of 88.69% was achieved. Regarding radiation protection knowledge concerning CT, about 56.9% of participants exhibited awareness of the dose display on the CT machine’s console, and about 78.4% selected the correct dosimetric unit’s expressed CT dose. Unexpectedly, 90.2% of participants failed to define the concept of dose optimization. A significant relationship (p < 0.05) was observed between radiographers’ radiation protection and DRL knowledge with a level of education, type of hospital, and work experience. Also, the results indicate a relationship between radiographers’ DRL knowledge and their tendency to join training courses. Regarding knowledge of the DRLs, 26.5% of participants exhibited awareness of DRLs in CT practice, while 49% and 76.5% of participants were unable to correctly identify DRLs’ concept and function. Because the dose delivery is the CT technologist’s responsibility, techniques that could improve the CT technologist's knowledge of radiation dose must be provided to reduce patient dose in accordance with the ALARA principle of radiation protection. These techniques can include training and re-training courses, additional lectures, self-directed learning, and teaching files.
{"title":"Evaluation of awareness and knowledge of CT technologists regarding diagnostic reference levels in Iran","authors":"A. Mir Derikvand, S. Dalvand, A. MohammadSharifi, S. Bagherzadeh","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2023032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2023032","url":null,"abstract":"The diagnostic reference level (DRL) is a powerful tool for dose optimization in every radiological examination. This research aimed to assess the level of knowledge and awareness regarding radiation protection and DRLs among 102 CT technologists in various hospitals across Iran. A questionnaire including 20 multiple-choice and open-format questions was devised and distributed among 115 CT technologists in medical imaging departments in various hospitals in Iran. The questionnaire was divided into demographic information, general radiation protection knowledge, and DRL knowledge.
 A response rate of 88.69% was achieved. Regarding radiation protection knowledge concerning CT, about 56.9% of participants exhibited awareness of the dose display on the CT machine’s console, and about 78.4% selected the correct dosimetric unit’s expressed CT dose. Unexpectedly, 90.2% of participants failed to define the concept of dose optimization. A significant relationship (p < 0.05) was observed between radiographers’ radiation protection and DRL knowledge with a level of education, type of hospital, and work experience. Also, the results indicate a relationship between radiographers’ DRL knowledge and their tendency to join training courses. Regarding knowledge of the DRLs, 26.5% of participants exhibited awareness of DRLs in CT practice, while 49% and 76.5% of participants were unable to correctly identify DRLs’ concept and function. Because the dose delivery is the CT technologist’s responsibility, techniques that could improve the CT technologist's knowledge of radiation dose must be provided to reduce patient dose in accordance with the ALARA principle of radiation protection. These techniques can include training and re-training courses, additional lectures, self-directed learning, and teaching files.
","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135548662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1051/radiopro/2023026
V. Hande, M. Orita, H. Matsunaga, Y. Kashiwazaki, X. Xiao, Y. Taira, N. Takamura
The last among the towns in Fukushima prefecture to lift its evacuation order after the 2011 nuclear accident, Futaba started allowing residents to return in August 2022. To facilitate the future influx of residents, a survey regarding the expectations for reconstruction among current Futaba residents and evacuees was conducted. The survey revealed that 74.0% of respondents had expectations for the reconstruction of Futaba, and similar proportions for the recovery of workplaces, farming, and residential areas. Among these respondents, 11.3% had already returned or expressed a desire to return to Futaba, and 4.2% stated that they did not wish to return. Respondents who were not concerned about treated water to be released in the sea (odds ratio 0.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.4–1.0), drinking tap water from Futaba (odds ratio 0.4, 95%CI 0.3–0.7), experiencing health effects from radiation exposure (odds ratio 0.5, 95%CI 0.3–0.9) and genetic effects (odds ratio 0.4, 95%CI 0.2–0.6) had higher expectations of the town’s recovery. It is essential to promote practical radiological culture in Futaba town to encourage local involvement in recovery processes of the town and to minimize radiation-related anxiety.
{"title":"Importance of improving radiation risk perception during reconstruction of Futaba town at 11 years after lifting of Fukushima nuclear accident evacuation orders","authors":"V. Hande, M. Orita, H. Matsunaga, Y. Kashiwazaki, X. Xiao, Y. Taira, N. Takamura","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2023026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2023026","url":null,"abstract":"The last among the towns in Fukushima prefecture to lift its evacuation order after the 2011 nuclear accident, Futaba started allowing residents to return in August 2022. To facilitate the future influx of residents, a survey regarding the expectations for reconstruction among current Futaba residents and evacuees was conducted. The survey revealed that 74.0% of respondents had expectations for the reconstruction of Futaba, and similar proportions for the recovery of workplaces, farming, and residential areas. Among these respondents, 11.3% had already returned or expressed a desire to return to Futaba, and 4.2% stated that they did not wish to return. Respondents who were not concerned about treated water to be released in the sea (odds ratio 0.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.4–1.0), drinking tap water from Futaba (odds ratio 0.4, 95%CI 0.3–0.7), experiencing health effects from radiation exposure (odds ratio 0.5, 95%CI 0.3–0.9) and genetic effects (odds ratio 0.4, 95%CI 0.2–0.6) had higher expectations of the town’s recovery. It is essential to promote practical radiological culture in Futaba town to encourage local involvement in recovery processes of the town and to minimize radiation-related anxiety.","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139326789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1051/radiopro/2023025
A.S. Hussein
In the present study, Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors (LR-115–type II) based twin-cup dosimeters were used for estimating radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn) gas concentration levels in the environmental air of thirty dwellings in ten cities in Egypt. In the studied dwellings radon concentration levels were found to vary from 24.80 ± 3.98 to 39.71 ± 8.71 Bq m−3 with an average of 32.64 ± 4.34 Bq m−3 whereas thoron concentration is found to vary from 10.46 ± 2.87 to 15.41 ± 2.72 Bq m−3 with an average of 12.48 ± 1.58 Bq m−3. The total annual effective dose by the inhabitants of these dwellings due to radon and thoron was found below the recommended limit by the international agencies. The present study concluded that the dwellings are safe without posing significant radiological threats to human beings.
{"title":"A study of radon, thoron and annual effective dose in some Egyptian dwellings by twin-cup dosimeter technique with LR-115 detectors","authors":"A.S. Hussein","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2023025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2023025","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors (LR-115–type II) based twin-cup dosimeters were used for estimating radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn) gas concentration levels in the environmental air of thirty dwellings in ten cities in Egypt. In the studied dwellings radon concentration levels were found to vary from 24.80 ± 3.98 to 39.71 ± 8.71 Bq m−3 with an average of 32.64 ± 4.34 Bq m−3 whereas thoron concentration is found to vary from 10.46 ± 2.87 to 15.41 ± 2.72 Bq m−3 with an average of 12.48 ± 1.58 Bq m−3. The total annual effective dose by the inhabitants of these dwellings due to radon and thoron was found below the recommended limit by the international agencies. The present study concluded that the dwellings are safe without posing significant radiological threats to human beings.","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139330121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1051/radiopro/2023033
S. Ito, S. Okabe, A. Goto
This study aimed to clarify factors related to confidence in future childbirth and infant care in regard to radiation exposure at 4 and 7 yr after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant disaster. A survey was conducted on 310 female college students in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, in December 2015, and readministered to 275 students in November 2018. The analysis included 309 patients from 2015 and 253 from 2018. The Fukushima Future Parents Attitude Measure was used to assess attitudes about future childbirth and infant care in regard to radiation exposure. The results indicated that attitudes toward future childbirth were significantly influenced by self-esteem (β = –0.22), advice about radiation (β = 0.19), concerns about radiation effects on a future partner (β = –0.18), and college-related stress (β = 0.20). Moreover, attitudes toward infant care were influenced by self-esteem (β = –0.22) and perception of the genetic risks of radiation (β = –0.17). Therefore, to improve confidence in future childbirth and infant care among female college students in Fukushima, it is important to enhance self-esteem, reduce college-related stress, and create an environment where female college students feel comfortable discussing radiation concerns with experts and each other.
{"title":"Attitudes toward future motherhood among female college students in Fukushima Prefecture at seven years after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident","authors":"S. Ito, S. Okabe, A. Goto","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2023033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2023033","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to clarify factors related to confidence in future childbirth and infant care in regard to radiation exposure at 4 and 7 yr after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant disaster. A survey was conducted on 310 female college students in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, in December 2015, and readministered to 275 students in November 2018. The analysis included 309 patients from 2015 and 253 from 2018. The Fukushima Future Parents Attitude Measure was used to assess attitudes about future childbirth and infant care in regard to radiation exposure. The results indicated that attitudes toward future childbirth were significantly influenced by self-esteem (β = –0.22), advice about radiation (β = 0.19), concerns about radiation effects on a future partner (β = –0.18), and college-related stress (β = 0.20). Moreover, attitudes toward infant care were influenced by self-esteem (β = –0.22) and perception of the genetic risks of radiation (β = –0.17). Therefore, to improve confidence in future childbirth and infant care among female college students in Fukushima, it is important to enhance self-esteem, reduce college-related stress, and create an environment where female college students feel comfortable discussing radiation concerns with experts and each other.","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139330554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1051/radiopro/2023027
P. Lestaevel, C. Huet, V. Lejeune, C. Moreno, C. Villagrasa, J. Feuardent, F. Trompier
Cosmic particle flux increases with latitude and altitude and is significantly higher on-board aircraft than at ground level. Furthermore, its intensity depends on solar activity and eruptions. Due to their professional activity, flight crews (FCs) may receive an annual dose of some millisieverts. Therefore, the European directive adopted in 1996 requires the aircraft operators to assess the dose. The effective dose is to be estimated using various experimental and calculation means. In France, it is carried out by the computerized system for flight assessment of exposure to cosmic radiation SIEVERTPN, which sends to SISERI, the national dose registry, the monthly effective dose of each crew member. The average annual effective dose of French FCs was 2.19 mSv in 2019, i.e. between the standard permissible limits set for the public and the limit set for occupationally exposed persons. The effective dose received by the most exposed French FCs increased during the period 2015–2019 and that could be due to the solar cycle effect, changes in the staff flight time or the aircraft model. It can also be noted that more technical flight crews (TFCs) received a dose greater than 5 mSv over the 2016 to 2019 period than commercial flight crew (CFCs). Our study indicates that the number of FCs having received a dose greater than 5 mSv also increased over the period 2016 to 2019. Some parameters, that may affect the assessment of the aircrew effective dose, are not considered in SIEVERTPN calculations, as for example the Forbush decreases and the location in the plane. Lastly, several factors lead us to expect a decrease in the doses received by French aircrew staff in the coming years, such as the peak activity of the 25th eleven-year solar cycle expected in July 2025. However, some unexpected events, as for instance the war in Ukraine, can alter this prediction.
{"title":"Cosmic radiation exposure of airline crews in France over the period 2015–2019","authors":"P. Lestaevel, C. Huet, V. Lejeune, C. Moreno, C. Villagrasa, J. Feuardent, F. Trompier","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2023027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2023027","url":null,"abstract":"Cosmic particle flux increases with latitude and altitude and is significantly higher on-board aircraft than at ground level. Furthermore, its intensity depends on solar activity and eruptions. Due to their professional activity, flight crews (FCs) may receive an annual dose of some millisieverts. Therefore, the European directive adopted in 1996 requires the aircraft operators to assess the dose. The effective dose is to be estimated using various experimental and calculation means. In France, it is carried out by the computerized system for flight assessment of exposure to cosmic radiation SIEVERTPN, which sends to SISERI, the national dose registry, the monthly effective dose of each crew member. The average annual effective dose of French FCs was 2.19 mSv in 2019, i.e. between the standard permissible limits set for the public and the limit set for occupationally exposed persons. The effective dose received by the most exposed French FCs increased during the period 2015–2019 and that could be due to the solar cycle effect, changes in the staff flight time or the aircraft model. It can also be noted that more technical flight crews (TFCs) received a dose greater than 5 mSv over the 2016 to 2019 period than commercial flight crew (CFCs). Our study indicates that the number of FCs having received a dose greater than 5 mSv also increased over the period 2016 to 2019. Some parameters, that may affect the assessment of the aircrew effective dose, are not considered in SIEVERTPN calculations, as for example the Forbush decreases and the location in the plane. Lastly, several factors lead us to expect a decrease in the doses received by French aircrew staff in the coming years, such as the peak activity of the 25th eleven-year solar cycle expected in July 2025. However, some unexpected events, as for instance the war in Ukraine, can alter this prediction.","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139330363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1051/radiopro/2023035
Joël Bertho, M. Bourguignon
{"title":"La relation linéaire sans seuil (LNT) et l’évolution du système de radioprotection","authors":"Joël Bertho, M. Bourguignon","doi":"10.1051/radiopro/2023035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2023035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21009,"journal":{"name":"Radioprotection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139327412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-26DOI: 10.1051/radiopro/2023029
Hassan Khajmi, Fatima Ait Nouh, Abdessamad Tounsi, Rodouan Touti
The present paper aims to estimate the doses delivered to children during a multislice computed tomography examination at the Mohammed VI University Hospital Center of Marrakech in Morocco and to compare our values with the dosimetric data the others countries. Method of Study. This study was conducted from 1st January 2020 to 1stMay 2020 at the pediatrics Computed Tomography unit in radiology service of Mother and Child Hospital of Marrakech –Safi region Morocco. Tube voltage, the Volume Computed Tomography dose index CTDIvol and the Dose-Length-Product DLP, current tube in milliamper seconds mAs), rotation time in seconds, slice thickness and collimation were collected by dosimetric sheet for three age groups of young with age ranged between 1 year- 4 year (AG1y5y), 5 year-10 year (AG5y10y) and 10 year-15 year (AG10y15y) The CT examinations studied are CTs of the Head, Chest and Abdominal-Pelvis. Results. For the studied age’s groups of children, 67 % of Computed Tomography exams were performed with a value of tube voltage 120 kV and 33% with a value of 110 kV. A comparison of CTDIvol and the Dose-Length-Product DLP For the three age groups AG1y5y, AG5y10y and AG10y15y of younger’s considered with other studies revealed that our DLP values from head CT are less than the recommended standards registered in literatures However, those of the Abdomen Pelvis and Chest CT are significantly higher than the Belgium and Germany diagnostic references levels. Furthermore the effective dose distributions ED were: 37, 2.2 and 1.2 mSv for head CT, 5.60, 3.2 and 3.1 mSv for chest CT protocol and 3.2, 88 and 8 mSv for abdominal-pelvis CT protocol. Conclusion. This study showed that our mean values of DLP for head CT are less than other National Diagnostic Dose Reference Levels. However, those of the Abdomen Pelvis and Chest CT are significantly higher than the diagnostic references levels in Belgium and Germany.
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