Pub Date : 2004-06-08DOI: 10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/129-136
I. Assenmacher, T. Kuhlen, T. Lentz, M. Vorländer
Common research in the field of Virtual Reality (VR) considers acoustic stimulation as a highly important necessity for enhanced immersion into virtual scenes. However, most common VR toolkits do only marginally support the integration of sound for the application programmer. Furthermore, the quality of stimulation that is provided usually ranges from system sounds (e.g. beeps while selecting a menu) to simple 3D panning. In the latter case, these approaches do only allow the user to correctly detect sounds that are at quite a distance from his current position. Binaural synthesis is an interesting way to allow the spatial auditory representation by using few loudspeakers or headphones. This paper describes a system that combines the efforts of creating a binaural representation for the listener who is interacting in a common visual VR application in real-time, thus allowing the research on interaction between visual and auditory human perception systems. It will describe the theoretical background to establishing a binaural representation of a sound and the necessary hardware set-up for this. Afterwards, the infrastructure and software interface which will allow the connection of the audio renderer to a visual VR toolkit is discussed.
{"title":"Integrating Real-time Binaural Acoustics into VR Applications","authors":"I. Assenmacher, T. Kuhlen, T. Lentz, M. Vorländer","doi":"10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/129-136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/129-136","url":null,"abstract":"Common research in the field of Virtual Reality (VR) considers acoustic stimulation as a highly important necessity for enhanced immersion into virtual scenes. However, most common VR toolkits do only marginally support the integration of sound for the application programmer. Furthermore, the quality of stimulation that is provided usually ranges from system sounds (e.g. beeps while selecting a menu) to simple 3D panning. In the latter case, these approaches do only allow the user to correctly detect sounds that are at quite a distance from his current position. \u0000 \u0000Binaural synthesis is an interesting way to allow the spatial auditory representation by using few loudspeakers or headphones. This paper describes a system that combines the efforts of creating a binaural representation for the listener who is interacting in a common visual VR application in real-time, thus allowing the research on interaction between visual and auditory human perception systems. It will describe the theoretical background to establishing a binaural representation of a sound and the necessary hardware set-up for this. Afterwards, the infrastructure and software interface which will allow the connection of the audio renderer to a visual VR toolkit is discussed.","PeriodicalId":210571,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence and Eurographics Symposium on Virtual Environments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115626638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-08DOI: 10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/079-082
E. Corseuil, A. Raposo, Romano J. M. da Silva, Marcio H. G. Pinto, G. Wagner, M. Gattass
This paper presents ENVIRON (ENvironment for VIRtual Objects Navigation), an application that was developed motivated by the necessity of using Virtual Reality in large industrial engineering models coming from CAD (Computer Aided Design) tools. This work analyzes the main problems related to the production of a VR model, derived from the CAD model.
本文介绍了ENVIRON (ENvironment for VIRtual Objects Navigation，虚拟对象导航环境)，这是一种应用程序，它是由在大型工业工程模型中使用来自CAD(计算机辅助设计)工具的虚拟现实的必要性而开发的。本工作分析了与CAD模型衍生的VR模型制作相关的主要问题。
{"title":"ENVIRON - Visualization of CAD Models In a Virtual Reality Environment","authors":"E. Corseuil, A. Raposo, Romano J. M. da Silva, Marcio H. G. Pinto, G. Wagner, M. Gattass","doi":"10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/079-082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/079-082","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents ENVIRON (ENvironment for VIRtual Objects Navigation), an application that was developed motivated by the necessity of using Virtual Reality in large industrial engineering models coming from CAD (Computer Aided Design) tools. This work analyzes the main problems related to the production of a VR model, derived from the CAD model.","PeriodicalId":210571,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence and Eurographics Symposium on Virtual Environments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115684996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-08DOI: 10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/147-156
Jean-Marc Hasenfratz, M. Lapierre, F. Sillion
Real-time video acquisition is becoming a reality with the most recent camera technology. Three-dimensional models can be reconstructed from multiple views using visual hull carving techniques. However the combination of these approaches to obtain a moving 3D model from simultaneous video captures remains a technological challenge. In this paper we demonstrate a complete system architecture allowing the real-time (≤ 30 fps) acquisition and full-body reconstruction of one or several actors, which can then be integrated in a virtual environment. A volume of approximately 2m3 is observed with (at least) four video cameras and the video fluxes are processed to obtain a volumetric model of the moving actors. The reconstruction process uses a mixture of pipelined and parallel processing, using N individual PCs for N cameras and a central computer for integration, reconstruction and display. A surface description is obtained using a marching cubes algorithm. We discuss the overall architecture choices, with particular emphasis on the real-time constraint and latency issues, and demonstrate that a software synchronization of the video fluxes is both sufficient and efficient. The ability to reconstruct a full-body model of the actors and any additional props or elements opens the way for very natural interaction techniques using the entire body and real elements manipulated by the user, whose avatar is immersed in a virtual world.
{"title":"A Real-Time System for Full Body Interaction with Virtual Worlds","authors":"Jean-Marc Hasenfratz, M. Lapierre, F. Sillion","doi":"10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/147-156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/147-156","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time video acquisition is becoming a reality with the most recent camera technology. Three-dimensional models can be reconstructed from multiple views using visual hull carving techniques. However the combination of these approaches to obtain a moving 3D model from simultaneous video captures remains a technological challenge. In this paper we demonstrate a complete system architecture allowing the real-time (≤ 30 fps) acquisition and full-body reconstruction of one or several actors, which can then be integrated in a virtual environment. A volume of approximately 2m3 is observed with (at least) four video cameras and the video fluxes are processed to obtain a volumetric model of the moving actors. The reconstruction process uses a mixture of pipelined and parallel processing, using N individual PCs for N cameras and a central computer for integration, reconstruction and display. A surface description is obtained using a marching cubes algorithm. We discuss the overall architecture choices, with particular emphasis on the real-time constraint and latency issues, and demonstrate that a software synchronization of the video fluxes is both sufficient and efficient. The ability to reconstruct a full-body model of the actors and any additional props or elements opens the way for very natural interaction techniques using the entire body and real elements manipulated by the user, whose avatar is immersed in a virtual world.","PeriodicalId":210571,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence and Eurographics Symposium on Virtual Environments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132162962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-08DOI: 10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/017-024
J. Schumacher, R. Allison, R. Herpers
In interactive graphics it is often necessary to introduce large changes in the image in response to updated information about the state of the system. Updating the local state immediately would lead to a sudden transient change in the image, which could be perceptually disruptive. However, introducing the correction gradually using smoothing operations increases latency and degrades precision. It would be beneficial to be able to introduce graphic updates immediately if they were not perceptible. In the paper the use of saccade-contingent updates is exploited to hide graphic updates during the period of visual suppression that accompanies a rapid, or saccadic, eye movement. Sensitivity to many visual stimuli is known to be reduced during a change in fixation compared to when the eye is still. For example, motion of a small object is harder to detect during a rapid eye movement (saccade) than during a fixation. To evaluate if these findings generalize to large scene changes in a virtual environment, gaze behavior in a 180 degree hemispherical display was recorded and analyzed. This data was used to develop a saccade detection algorithm adapted to virtual environments. The detectability of trans-saccadic scene changes was evaluated using images of high resolution real world scenes. The images were translated by 0.4, 0.8 or 1.2 degrees of visual angle during horizontal saccades. The scene updates were rarely noticeable for saccades with a duration greater than 58 ms. The detection rate for the smallest translation was just 6.25%. Qualitatively, even when trans-saccadic scene changes were detectible, they were much less disturbing than equivalent changes in the absence of a saccade.
{"title":"Using Saccadic Suppression to Hide Graphic Updates","authors":"J. Schumacher, R. Allison, R. Herpers","doi":"10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/017-024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/017-024","url":null,"abstract":"In interactive graphics it is often necessary to introduce large changes in the image in response to updated information about the state of the system. Updating the local state immediately would lead to a sudden transient change in the image, which could be perceptually disruptive. However, introducing the correction gradually using smoothing operations increases latency and degrades precision. It would be beneficial to be able to introduce graphic updates immediately if they were not perceptible. In the paper the use of saccade-contingent updates is exploited to hide graphic updates during the period of visual suppression that accompanies a rapid, or saccadic, eye movement. \u0000 \u0000Sensitivity to many visual stimuli is known to be reduced during a change in fixation compared to when the eye is still. For example, motion of a small object is harder to detect during a rapid eye movement (saccade) than during a fixation. To evaluate if these findings generalize to large scene changes in a virtual environment, gaze behavior in a 180 degree hemispherical display was recorded and analyzed. This data was used to develop a saccade detection algorithm adapted to virtual environments. The detectability of trans-saccadic scene changes was evaluated using images of high resolution real world scenes. The images were translated by 0.4, 0.8 or 1.2 degrees of visual angle during horizontal saccades. The scene updates were rarely noticeable for saccades with a duration greater than 58 ms. The detection rate for the smallest translation was just 6.25%. Qualitatively, even when trans-saccadic scene changes were detectible, they were much less disturbing than equivalent changes in the absence of a saccade.","PeriodicalId":210571,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence and Eurographics Symposium on Virtual Environments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133507127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-08DOI: 10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/105-112
Anderson Maciel, Sofiane Sarni, Olivier Buchwalder, R. Boulic, D. Thalmann
The present paper describes the integration of a multi-finger haptic device with deformable objects in an interactive environment. Repulsive forces are synthesized and rendered independently for each finger of a user wearing a Cybergrasp force-feedback glove. Deformation and contact models are based on mass-spring systems, and the issue of the user independence is dealt with through a geometric calibration phase. Motivated by the knowledge that human hand plays a very important role in the somatosensory system, we focused on the potential of the Cybergrasp device to improve perception in Virtual Reality worlds. We especially explored whether it is possible to distinguish objects with different elasticities. Results of performance and perception tests are encouraging despite current technical and computational limitations.
{"title":"Multi-Finger Haptic Rendering of Deformable Objects","authors":"Anderson Maciel, Sofiane Sarni, Olivier Buchwalder, R. Boulic, D. Thalmann","doi":"10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/105-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/105-112","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper describes the integration of a multi-finger haptic device with deformable objects in an interactive environment. Repulsive forces are synthesized and rendered independently for each finger of a user wearing a Cybergrasp force-feedback glove. Deformation and contact models are based on mass-spring systems, and the issue of the user independence is dealt with through a geometric calibration phase. Motivated by the knowledge that human hand plays a very important role in the somatosensory system, we focused on the potential of the Cybergrasp device to improve perception in Virtual Reality worlds. We especially explored whether it is possible to distinguish objects with different elasticities. Results of performance and perception tests are encouraging despite current technical and computational limitations.","PeriodicalId":210571,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence and Eurographics Symposium on Virtual Environments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122539467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-08DOI: 10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/025-034
R. V. Liere, A. V. Rhijn
In recent years many optical trackers have been proposed for usage in Virtual Environments. In this paper, we compare three model based optical tracking algorithms for pose determination of input devices. In particular, we study the behavior of these algorithms when applied to two-handed manipulation tasks. We experimentally show how critical parameters influence the relative accuracy, latency and robustness of each algorithm. Although the study has been performed in a specific near-field virtual environment, the results can be applied to other virtual environments such as workbenches and CAVEs.
{"title":"An Experimental Comparison of Three Optical Trackers for Model Based Pose Determination in Virtual Reality","authors":"R. V. Liere, A. V. Rhijn","doi":"10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/025-034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/025-034","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years many optical trackers have been proposed for usage in Virtual Environments. In this paper, we compare three model based optical tracking algorithms for pose determination of input devices. In particular, we study the behavior of these algorithms when applied to two-handed manipulation tasks. We experimentally show how critical parameters influence the relative accuracy, latency and robustness of each algorithm. Although the study has been performed in a specific near-field virtual environment, the results can be applied to other virtual environments such as workbenches and CAVEs.","PeriodicalId":210571,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence and Eurographics Symposium on Virtual Environments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130881120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-08DOI: 10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/083-086
J. Fischer, M. Neff, D. Freudenstein, D. Bartz
Utilizing augmented reality for applications in medicine has been a topic of intense research for several years. A number of challenging tasks need to be addressed when designing a medical AR system. These include the import and management of medical datasets and preoperatively created planning data, the registration of the patient with respect to a global coordinate system, and accurate tracking of the camera used in the AR setup as well as the respective surgical instruments. Most research systems rely on specialized hardware or algorithms for realizing augmented reality in medicine. Such base technologies can be expensive or very time-consuming to implement. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach of building a surgical AR system by harnessing existing, commercially available equipment for image guided surgery (IGS). We describe the prototype of an augmented reality application, which receives all necessary information from a device for intraoperative navigation.
{"title":"Medical Augmented Reality based on Commercial Image Guided Surgery","authors":"J. Fischer, M. Neff, D. Freudenstein, D. Bartz","doi":"10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/083-086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/083-086","url":null,"abstract":"Utilizing augmented reality for applications in medicine has been a topic of intense research for several years. A number of challenging tasks need to be addressed when designing a medical AR system. These include the import and management of medical datasets and preoperatively created planning data, the registration of the patient with respect to a global coordinate system, and accurate tracking of the camera used in the AR setup as well as the respective surgical instruments. Most research systems rely on specialized hardware or algorithms for realizing augmented reality in medicine. Such base technologies can be expensive or very time-consuming to implement. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach of building a surgical AR system by harnessing existing, commercially available equipment for image guided surgery (IGS). We describe the prototype of an augmented reality application, which receives all necessary information from a device for intraoperative navigation.","PeriodicalId":210571,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence and Eurographics Symposium on Virtual Environments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126228660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-08DOI: 10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/007-016
G. Godin, P. Massicotte, L. Borgeat
We present a new method for the stereoscopic display of complex virtual environments using a foveated arrangement of four images. The system runs on four rendering nodes and four projectors, for the fovea and periphery in each eye view. The use of high-resolution insets in a foveated configuration is well known. However, its extension to projector-based stereoscopic displays raises a specific issue: the visible boundary between fovea and periphery present in each eye creates a stereoscopic cue that may conflict with the perceived depth of the underlying scene. A previous solution to this problem displaces the boundary in the images to ensure that it is always positioned over stereoscopically corresponding scene locations. The new method proposed here addresses the same problem, but by relaxing the stereo matching criteria and reformulating the problem as one of spatial partitioning, all computations are performed locally on each node, and require a small and fixed amount of post-rendering processing, independent of scene complexity. We discuss this solution and present an OpenGL implementation; we also discuss acceleration techniques using culling and fragments, and illustrate the use of the method on a complex 3D textured model of a Byzantine crypt built using laser range imaging and digital photography.
{"title":"Foveated Stereoscopic Display for the Visualization of Detailed Virtual Environments","authors":"G. Godin, P. Massicotte, L. Borgeat","doi":"10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/007-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/007-016","url":null,"abstract":"We present a new method for the stereoscopic display of complex virtual environments using a foveated arrangement of four images. The system runs on four rendering nodes and four projectors, for the fovea and periphery in each eye view. The use of high-resolution insets in a foveated configuration is well known. However, its extension to projector-based stereoscopic displays raises a specific issue: the visible boundary between fovea and periphery present in each eye creates a stereoscopic cue that may conflict with the perceived depth of the underlying scene. A previous solution to this problem displaces the boundary in the images to ensure that it is always positioned over stereoscopically corresponding scene locations. The new method proposed here addresses the same problem, but by relaxing the stereo matching criteria and reformulating the problem as one of spatial partitioning, all computations are performed locally on each node, and require a small and fixed amount of post-rendering processing, independent of scene complexity. We discuss this solution and present an OpenGL implementation; we also discuss acceleration techniques using culling and fragments, and illustrate the use of the method on a complex 3D textured model of a Byzantine crypt built using laser range imaging and digital photography.","PeriodicalId":210571,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence and Eurographics Symposium on Virtual Environments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121768201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-08DOI: 10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/113-122
Marc Chevaldonné, M. Neveu, F. Mérienne, M. Dureigne, N. Chevassus, F. Guillaume
Aircraft cockpits are advanced interfaces dedicated to the interaction and exchange of observations and commands between the pilot and the flying system. The design process of cockpits is benefiting from the use of Virtual Reality technologies: early ergonomics and layout analysis through the exploration of numerous alternatives, availability all along the cockpit life cycle of a virtual product ready for experimentation, reduced usage of costly physical mock-ups. Nevertheless, the construction of a virtual cockpit with the adequate performances is very complex. Due to the fact that the CAD based digital mock-up used for setting up the virtual cockpit is very large, one challenge is to achieve interactivity while maintaining the quality of rendering. The reduction of the information contained in the CAD database shall achieve a sufficient frame rate without degradation of the geometrical visual quality of the virtual cockpit which would alleviate the relevance of ergonomics and layout studies. This paper proposes to control the simplification process by using objective criteria based on considerations about the cockpit application and the visual performances of human beings. First, it presents the results of studies on the characteristics of the Human Visual System linked to virtual reality and visualization applications. Illustrated by first results, it establishes how to control simplifications in a rational and automatic way.
{"title":"Digital Mock-up database simplification with the help of view and application dependent criteria for industrial Virtual Reality application","authors":"Marc Chevaldonné, M. Neveu, F. Mérienne, M. Dureigne, N. Chevassus, F. Guillaume","doi":"10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/113-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/113-122","url":null,"abstract":"Aircraft cockpits are advanced interfaces dedicated to the interaction and exchange of observations and commands between the pilot and the flying system. The design process of cockpits is benefiting from the use of Virtual Reality technologies: early ergonomics and layout analysis through the exploration of numerous alternatives, availability all along the cockpit life cycle of a virtual product ready for experimentation, reduced usage of costly physical mock-ups. \u0000 \u0000Nevertheless, the construction of a virtual cockpit with the adequate performances is very complex. Due to the fact that the CAD based digital mock-up used for setting up the virtual cockpit is very large, one challenge is to achieve interactivity while maintaining the quality of rendering. The reduction of the information contained in the CAD database shall achieve a sufficient frame rate without degradation of the geometrical visual quality of the virtual cockpit which would alleviate the relevance of ergonomics and layout studies. \u0000 \u0000This paper proposes to control the simplification process by using objective criteria based on considerations about the cockpit application and the visual performances of human beings. First, it presents the results of studies on the characteristics of the Human Visual System linked to virtual reality and visualization applications. Illustrated by first results, it establishes how to control simplifications in a rational and automatic way.","PeriodicalId":210571,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence and Eurographics Symposium on Virtual Environments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116907920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-06-08DOI: 10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/045-052
Breght R. Boschker, J. D. Mulder
Head coupled perspective is often considered to be an essential aspect of stereoscopic desktop virtual reality (VR) systems. Such systems use a tracking device to determine the user's head pose in up to six degrees of freedom (DOF). Users of desktop VR systems perform their task while sitting down and therefore the extent of head movements is limited. This paper investigates the validity of using a head tracking system for desktop VR that only tracks lateral head movement. Users performed a depth estimation task under full (six DOF) head tracking, lateral head tracking, and disabled head tracking. Furthermore, we considered stereoscopic and monoscopic viewing. Our results show that user performance was not significantly affected when incorporating only lateral head motion. Both lateral and full head tracking performed better than the disabled head tracking case.
{"title":"Lateral Head Tracking in Desktop Virtual Reality","authors":"Breght R. Boschker, J. D. Mulder","doi":"10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/045-052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2312/EGVE/EGVE04/045-052","url":null,"abstract":"Head coupled perspective is often considered to be an essential aspect of stereoscopic desktop virtual reality (VR) systems. Such systems use a tracking device to determine the user's head pose in up to six degrees of freedom (DOF). Users of desktop VR systems perform their task while sitting down and therefore the extent of head movements is limited. This paper investigates the validity of using a head tracking system for desktop VR that only tracks lateral head movement. Users performed a depth estimation task under full (six DOF) head tracking, lateral head tracking, and disabled head tracking. Furthermore, we considered stereoscopic and monoscopic viewing. Our results show that user performance was not significantly affected when incorporating only lateral head motion. Both lateral and full head tracking performed better than the disabled head tracking case.","PeriodicalId":210571,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Artificial Reality and Telexistence and Eurographics Symposium on Virtual Environments","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126787367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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