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The use of innovative tools in the medium voltage grid development, a case study of series voltage regulator 在中压电网发展中运用创新工具,以串联稳压器为例进行研究
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.409
B. Tőzsér, I. Táczi, A. Torok
The rapid technological improvements concerning the renewable energy sources and the energy policy of the European Union, and the National Energy Strategy are leading to a rapid increase in the number of intermittent renewable power plants. Thus, new challenges emerge in the operation of the distribution system. To operate the system efficiently, the use of innovative technologies must be considered, because conventional network development strategies cannot always provide an optimal solution for the problem. This paper analyses the effects of largescale wind power generation on a medium voltage system and a solution of the problems faced through a case study of a serial voltage regulator. The difference between the profiles of generation and loads causes the residential transformers at the end of the line to encounter large, more than 8% voltage fluctuation. To assess the site’s voltage profile, time series symmetrical load flow calculations were performed. After the thorough analysis of the circumstances a serial voltage regulator device was implemented at 3 different nodes of the system and a placement analysis was carried out with statistical tools. The results showed a 3% decrease in the voltage fluctuation at the end of the line even when the device was far from these nodes; and with an optimal placement, the device could halve the largest voltage fluctuation on the line.
可再生能源技术的快速进步和欧盟的能源政策以及国家能源战略导致间歇性可再生能源发电厂的数量迅速增加。这就给配电系统的运行带来了新的挑战。为了有效地运行该系统,必须考虑使用创新技术,因为传统的网络发展战略并不总是能为问题提供最佳解决方案。本文以串联稳压器为例,分析了大型风力发电对中压系统的影响,并提出了解决问题的方法。发电和负荷的剖面差异导致线路末端的住宅变压器电压波动较大,超过8%。为了评估站点的电压分布,进行了时间序列对称负载流计算。在对环境进行彻底分析后,在系统的3个不同节点上实现了串行稳压装置,并使用统计工具进行了放置分析。结果表明,即使当器件远离这些节点时,线路末端的电压波动也降低了3%;通过最佳放置,该装置可以将线路上最大的电压波动减半。
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引用次数: 0
Model Based Systems Engineering Concepts and Methodologies for Modeling of Renewable Power Plants 基于模型的系统工程概念和可再生能源电厂建模方法
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.229
R. Rosa Sanabria, P. Eguía López, I. Aranzabal Santamaria, I. ZAMORA BELVER
Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) is the formal application of a model-centered methodology for the design activities of engineered systems, being especially useful to support design requirements verification and validation of complex systems. The complexity of a system can be measured according to the number and relationships of the system elements. The design of renewable power plants has grown in complexity in last few decades, due to the integration of new technologies and the application of grid-code requirements. In this paper, a review of MBSE main concepts and leading methodologies (processes, methods, and tools) will be made with the objective of analyzing its application on the renewable power plants modelling and design. Key words. Model-based systems engineering, renewable power plant, complex system, model, methodology.
基于模型的系统工程(MBSE)是以模型为中心的方法的正式应用,用于工程系统的设计活动,对于支持复杂系统的设计需求验证和确认特别有用。系统的复杂性可以根据系统元素的数量和关系来衡量。在过去的几十年里,由于新技术的集成和电网规范要求的应用,可再生能源电厂的设计变得越来越复杂。在本文中,回顾了MBSE的主要概念和主要方法(过程,方法和工具),目的是分析其在可再生能源发电厂建模和设计中的应用。关键字。基于模型的系统工程,可再生能源电厂,复杂系统,模型,方法论。
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引用次数: 0
Output voltage control of the OVT inverter OVT逆变器的输出电压控制
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.456
J. Iwaszkiewicz, A. Muc
The paper presents the possibility of the output voltage control of an OVT inverter. The idea of the OVT inverter construction is based on the orthogonal space vectors theory. The OVT inverter is built of two components two-level three-phase inverters: the main inverter (MI) and the auxiliary one (AI). The output voltage of the OVT inverter takes the shape of a stepped voltage analogous to the voltage generated by multilevel inverters. The paper demonstrates possible control methods of the output voltage frequency and amplitude. The results obtained during simulation studies prove that the output voltage essential parameters may be a function of the DC voltage and the control circuitry permits easy defining a selection of voltage/frequency characteristics.
本文介绍了OVT逆变器输出电压控制的可能性。OVT逆变器的构造思想是基于正交空间矢量理论。OVT逆变器由主逆变器(MI)和辅助逆变器(AI)两部分组成。OVT逆变器的输出电压采用步进电压的形式,类似于多电平逆变器产生的电压。本文论证了输出电压、频率和幅值的可能控制方法。仿真研究结果表明,输出电压基本参数可能是直流电压的函数,并且控制电路允许轻松定义电压/频率特性的选择。
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引用次数: 0
Two-step optimization algorithm for energy management and active-reactive power commands for real-time operation of hybrid microgrids 混合微电网实时运行的能量管理和有功功率指令两步优化算法
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.399
Marcial González de Armas, S. Arnaltes Gómez, F. Arredondo, J. L. Rodríguez Amenedo
This paper proposes a two-step optimization algorithm for energy management and optimal control of activereactive power commands in microgrids. The first step ensures an optimal energy management and provides the active power setpoints for power plants and energy storage. The second step calculates the voltage setpoints for power plants and reactive power flows whilst minimizing power transmission losses. This work focuses on the second step of the algorithm and the framework to combine both. A previous study introduces the first step based on a receding-horizon scheme. It is analysed and discussed the performance of the algorithm against two decentralized methods widely used in the literature. The results show that the proposed algorithm reduces power transmission losses by more than 20% compared to other methods.
提出了一种两步优化算法,用于微电网的能量管理和无功功率命令的最优控制。第一步确保最佳的能量管理,并为发电厂和储能提供有功功率设定值。第二步计算发电厂和无功功率流的电压设定值,同时使输电损耗最小化。本文的工作重点是将第二步算法和框架两者结合起来。先前的研究介绍了基于后退视界方案的第一步。分析和讨论了该算法与文献中广泛使用的两种分散方法的性能。结果表明,与其他方法相比,该算法可将输电损耗降低20%以上。
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引用次数: 0
Prediction models and their role in advanced energy management systems supporting energy flexibility services 预测模型及其在支持能源灵活性服务的先进能源管理系统中的作用
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.398
N. Uremović, N. Lukač, P. Sukič, G. Štumberger
Automated decision tools, such as advanced energy management systems, are required to involve the electrical grid users in energy flexibility services. This paper focuses on the prediction models as a substantial part of decision strategy in advanced energy management systems and on advanced energy management systems as a tool that supports the active involvement of electrical grid users in energy flexibility services. Prediction models' desired properties are self-establishing and self-adaptation, which require new solutions in data selection, filtering, processing and model learning. Some of these properties are investigated within this paper.
自动化决策工具,如先进的能源管理系统,需要电网用户参与能源灵活性服务。本文重点关注预测模型作为先进能源管理系统决策策略的重要组成部分,以及先进能源管理系统作为支持电网用户积极参与能源灵活性服务的工具。预测模型的期望属性是自建立和自适应的,这需要在数据选择、过滤、处理和模型学习方面有新的解决方案。本文对其中的一些性质进行了研究。
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引用次数: 0
Power Sharing Control for a Microgrid with PV Power Plants, Batteries and Quasi-Z-source Cascaded H-bridge Multilevel Inverter 由光伏电站、电池和准z源级联h桥多电平逆变器组成的微电网的功率共享控制
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.457
Pablo Horrillo-Quintero, Pablo García-Triviño, Raúl Sarrias-Mena, C. García-Vázquez, Luis M. Fernández‐Ramírez
In recent years, Quasi-Z-source cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverters (qZS-CHBMLIs) have become an interesting solution for integrating renewable energy into the utility grid. The possibility of performing power conversion in a single stage, without an additional DC/DC converter, and a higher voltage gain, are their main advantages over traditional inverters. In addition, individual control of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) can be achieved for each PV plant. Owing to the intermittent nature of PV power plants, battery energy storage systems (BESS) are commonly used to smooth out PV power fluctuations. This paper presents a control system for the active and reactive power delivered to the grid according to the system operator references and an EMS for an ES-qZS-CHBMLI. The BESS is coordinated through an energy management system (EMS) based on the state of charge (SOC) The system is evaluated under two different operation modes. One of them, where the PV power plants operate according to their MPP and the other in which the MPPT faults and thus, the PV power is decreased. A MATLAB-Simulink simulation is used to validate the proposed control system for a grid-connected single-phase configuration based on a qZSCHBMLI with three cascade qZSI, each connected to a 4.8 kW PV power plant and a BESS.
近年来,准z源级联h桥多电平逆变器(qZS-CHBMLIs)已成为将可再生能源整合到公用电网中的一种有趣的解决方案。与传统逆变器相比,它们的主要优点是可以在单级进行功率转换,而无需额外的DC/DC转换器,并且具有更高的电压增益。此外,可以实现每个光伏电站最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)的单独控制。由于光伏电站的间歇性,通常采用电池储能系统(BESS)来平滑光伏发电的波动。本文根据系统操作者的参考资料,提出了输电网有功和无功功率的控制系统和ES-qZS-CHBMLI的EMS。BESS通过基于荷电状态(SOC)的能源管理系统(EMS)进行协调,系统在两种不同的运行模式下进行评估。其中一种是光伏电站按照MPP运行,另一种是MPPT故障,光伏发电功率下降。采用MATLAB-Simulink仿真验证了基于qZSCHBMLI和三个级联qZSI的并网单相配置的控制系统,每个级联qZSI连接4.8 kW光伏发电厂和BESS。
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引用次数: 0
Characterisation of Electrical Power Systems Based on Electrical Curves and their properties 基于电性曲线及其性质的电力系统表征
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.407
J. Ventura, F. Martínez, L. Castro-Santos, A. Filgueira-Vizoso, A. Alcayde, F. G. Montoya
Due to the proliferation of renewable energy systems, the study of voltage and frequency stability is a crucial aspect. Recently, this problem has been approached from a purely geometrical point of view with interesting results. The present work investigates the properties of the so-called electrical curves described by arbitrary voltage or current vectors in Euclidean spaces. Through the invariants of these curves, certain indices can be constructed to detect abnormal operation or irregular characteristics in electrical power systems. Different scenarios and examples have been solved in this work to support the proposed theory.
随着可再生能源系统的发展,电压和频率稳定性的研究成为一个重要的方面。最近,这个问题已经从纯几何的角度得到了有趣的结果。本文研究了欧几里得空间中由任意电压或电流矢量描述的所谓电曲线的性质。通过这些曲线的不变量,可以构造一定的指标来检测电力系统的异常运行或不规则特性。在这项工作中,已经解决了不同的场景和例子来支持所提出的理论。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Channeling Effects on Noise and Aerodynamic Performance of NACA 0012 Aerofoil in Wind Turbine Applications 导流对NACA 0012型翼型噪声和气动性能影响的实验与数值研究
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.328
Hussein K. Mohammad, S. Jali, Arz Qwam Alden, V. Kilchyk, B. Shrestha
Wind power is considered one of the main sources of renewable energy in the market today. In this study, different sizes and directions of channels were created inside the NACA 0012 aerofoil, and the effect of these channels were investigated on aerodynamic noise and aerodynamic performance, experimentally and numerically. The results have shown several factors that could affect the aerodynamic noise such as flow velocity, angle of attack, and trailing edge blowing injection. The study also concluded an increase in drag coefficients and a decrease in lift coefficients for all channeled samples compared to the regular aerofoil. In contrast to the studies that showed improvements in the aerodynamic performance of supersonic channeled aerofoils, this study done under subsonic flow showed an increase in drag and decrease in lift.
风力发电被认为是当今市场上可再生能源的主要来源之一。在NACA 0012翼型内部建立了不同尺寸和方向的通道,通过实验和数值方法研究了这些通道对气动噪声和气动性能的影响。结果表明,气流速度、迎角和尾缘吹注等因素对气动噪声的影响较大。该研究还得出结论,与常规翼型相比,所有通道样品的阻力系数都有所增加,升力系数有所降低。与显示超音速通道翼型气动性能改善的研究相反,这项在亚音速流动下进行的研究显示阻力增加而升力减少。
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引用次数: 0
Verification of the uninterrupted transition from grid parallel to island grid operation of the Virtual Synchronous Machine in a microgrid 微电网虚拟同步机从并网到岛网运行不间断过渡的验证
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.236
Steven Reineke, D. Turschner, I. Hauer, H. Beck
The classic energy supply system is mainly based on the stabilising properties of electromechanical synchronous generators. The structural change of the electrical energy supply system towards a decentralised grid structure means that ancillary services must now also be provided at the distribution grid level. The Virtual Synchronous Machine (VISMA) was developed at the Institute of Electrical Power Engineering at the Clausthal University of Technology with the aim of making a decentralised generation unit in the grid behave like a real synchronous machine and thus actively provide relevant ancillary services. The VISMA is based on a three-phase inverter that can comply with grid requirements by adding an energy storage device in the DC link and using a special control algorithm. The focus of the investigations shown here is on the uninterrupted transition from grid-parallel operation of the VISMA to island grid operation and the subsequent stable continued operation of this island grid. A controller changeover, as most feed-in inverters would require in order to change the operating mode, is not necessary here. It is shown that the transients have subsided after 5 ms, which means that the VISMA has completely taken over the
传统的供电系统主要是基于机电同步发电机的稳定特性。电力供应系统向分散式电网结构的结构变化意味着现在必须在配电网层面提供辅助服务。虚拟同步机(VISMA)是由克劳斯塔尔理工大学电力工程研究所开发的,其目的是使电网中的分散发电机组像真正的同步机一样运行,从而积极提供相关的辅助服务。VISMA基于三相逆变器,通过在直流链路中添加储能装置并使用特殊的控制算法,可以满足电网要求。本文研究的重点是VISMA从并网运行到岛网运行的不间断过渡,以及随后岛网的稳定持续运行。控制器转换,因为大多数馈入逆变器为了改变工作模式而需要,在这里是不必要的。结果表明,瞬态在5ms后逐渐消退,这意味着VISMA已经完全接管了
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引用次数: 1
Stabilizing multimachine power systems with fuzzy logic using artificial bee colonies 利用人工蜂群模糊逻辑稳定多机电力系统
Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24084/repqj21.258
W. Hamanah, Abdullah Baraean, A. Hussein, M. A. Abido
Over the past few years, fuzzy logic systems have gained popularity due to their superiority over classical controllers when it comes to enhancing the transient stability of power systems. In this paper, a Fuzzy Logic Power System Stabilizer (FLPSS) is designed to damp local and inter-area oscillations following disturbances through the use of an Artificial Bee Colony Optimization Algorithm (ABC). The designed FLPSS is expected to significantly increase the robustness of power systems and ultimately improve the quality of power supply to end-users. This test system consists of two areas with four machines and eleven buses, with the purpose of evaluating the performance of the ABC-FLPSS under a variety of disturbances and loads. In order to optimize the scaling factors of FLPSSs, the Integral Squared Error (ISE) of rotor speed deviation is formulated as an objective function. Evaluation of the proposed controller involves simulating the test system under different conditions. These conditions range from small perturbations, such as changes in one of the system parameters, to large changes, such as removing a main transmission line, to determine its effectiveness. A comparison of ABC-FLPSS with FLPSS and Conventional Power System Stabilizer (CPSS) shows that the ABC-FLPSS controller is superior to FLPSS and CPSS.
在过去的几年里,模糊逻辑系统由于其在提高电力系统暂态稳定性方面优于经典控制器而得到了广泛的应用。本文设计了一种模糊逻辑电力系统稳定器(FLPSS),通过使用人工蜂群优化算法(ABC)来抑制干扰后的局部和区域间振荡。所设计的FLPSS有望显著提高电力系统的鲁棒性,并最终改善终端用户的供电质量。该测试系统由两个区域、4台机器和11个母线组成,目的是评估ABC-FLPSS在各种干扰和负载下的性能。为了优化FLPSSs的标度因子,将转子转速偏差的积分平方误差(ISE)作为目标函数。对所提出的控制器的评估包括在不同条件下模拟测试系统。这些条件的范围从小的扰动,如系统参数之一的变化,到大的变化,如移除主传输线,以确定其有效性。将ABC-FLPSS与FLPSS和传统电力系统稳定器(CPSS)进行了比较,结果表明ABC-FLPSS控制器优于FLPSS和CPSS。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal
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