Two hundred and forty male Peking ducklings were raised in four litter pens at random to provide stocking densities of 2, 4, 6 and 8 birds/m 2 on the floor and 4, 8, 12 and 16 birds/m2 in cages. The birds were fed ad libitum during the day and equally exposed to all necessary management practices. The trial was conducted to observe the comparative carcass traits and meat quality. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in back, wings, neck and feed conversion ratio. Dressing percentage decreased (p<0.05) with increasing density above 4 birds/m2 on floor and in cages respectively. Results from this study showed that stocking rate had no effect on physical characteristics of breast and thigh meat.
{"title":"Evaluation of the stocking rate on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of male Peking ducks.","authors":"Emmanuel Ahaotu, C. A. Agbasu","doi":"10.14196/SJBS.V4I3.1854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJBS.V4I3.1854","url":null,"abstract":"Two hundred and forty male Peking ducklings were raised in four litter pens at random to provide stocking densities of 2, 4, 6 and 8 birds/m 2 on the floor and 4, 8, 12 and 16 birds/m2 in cages. The birds were fed ad libitum during the day and equally exposed to all necessary management practices. The trial was conducted to observe the comparative carcass traits and meat quality. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in back, wings, neck and feed conversion ratio. Dressing percentage decreased (p<0.05) with increasing density above 4 birds/m2 on floor and in cages respectively. Results from this study showed that stocking rate had no effect on physical characteristics of breast and thigh meat.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122063663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Abubakar Murjanatu, K. Musa, G. Ibrahim, M. Magaji
The leaf methanolic extract of Maytenus senegalensis (Lam.) Exell was investigated for toxicity and analgesic effects. Acute toxicity was investigated via intraperitoneal route using mice and rats, analgesic activity was investigated using two models; acetic acid-induced writhing in mice and formalin induced pain in rats. The extract was determined to have LD (50) of 1264.91 mg/kg in both mice and rats. It significantly (0.001) inhibited acetic acid-induced writhes in mice at all doses administered (75, 150 and 300 mg/kg) in a dose dependent manner and significantly (0.01) inhibited formalin induced pain in rats, in a non-dose dependent manner. The inhibitory effect observed was higher in the extract compared to the standard used (piroxicam). The results obtained suggested the extract to be relatively toxic in both mice and rats with a dose dependent anti-nociceptive activity.
{"title":"Toxicity and Analgesic Studies of Leaf Methanolic Extract of Maytenus Senegalensis (Lam.) Exell (Celastraceae)","authors":"Ahmed Abubakar Murjanatu, K. Musa, G. Ibrahim, M. Magaji","doi":"10.14196/SJBS.V4I2.1835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJBS.V4I2.1835","url":null,"abstract":"The leaf methanolic extract of Maytenus senegalensis (Lam.) Exell was investigated for toxicity and analgesic effects. Acute toxicity was investigated via intraperitoneal route using mice and rats, analgesic activity was investigated using two models; acetic acid-induced writhing in mice and formalin induced pain in rats. The extract was determined to have LD (50) of 1264.91 mg/kg in both mice and rats. It significantly (0.001) inhibited acetic acid-induced writhes in mice at all doses administered (75, 150 and 300 mg/kg) in a dose dependent manner and significantly (0.01) inhibited formalin induced pain in rats, in a non-dose dependent manner. The inhibitory effect observed was higher in the extract compared to the standard used (piroxicam). The results obtained suggested the extract to be relatively toxic in both mice and rats with a dose dependent anti-nociceptive activity.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121256135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to improve the feeding quality of corn cob and cassava peel for zebu cattle, a mixture of corn cob-cassava peel was ensiled with 0, 1, 2, and 3% of urea. Physical characteristics, chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of the silage mixtures were determined in a laboratory trial while the preference of cattle for the mixtures was evaluated using twelve Sokoto Gudali heifers in a cafeteria feeding trial. The experimental design adopted was the completely randomized design. Silage colour changed from white to yellow; smell from very pleasant to pungent; and texture from very firm to firm as the level of urea in the silage increased. The pH increased from 3.80 to 6.00 as level of urea in the mixture increased. Crude protein (CP) content of silage increased from 8.50 to 17.52% while acid detergent fibre (ADF) decreased from 34.13 to 30.90% as level of urea in the silage mixture increased. Organic matter digestibility (OMD) varied from 55.44 – 60.45%, and increased with addition of urea. Preference of zebu heifers for corn cob-cassava peel silage varied from 13.81 – 38.87%. Acceptability of silage reduced significantly as level of urea increased. Addition of urea to corn cob-cassava peel silage enhanced CP content and digestibility but physical attributes and acceptability of silage by cattle were adversely affected.
{"title":"Physical characteristics, nutritive value and preference of Zebu heifers for ensiled mixtures of corn cob, cassava peel and urea.","authors":"O. Olorunnisomo, T. Ososanya","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V4I2.1796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V4I2.1796","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve the feeding quality of corn cob and cassava peel for zebu cattle, a mixture of corn cob-cassava peel was ensiled with 0, 1, 2, and 3% of urea. Physical characteristics, chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of the silage mixtures were determined in a laboratory trial while the preference of cattle for the mixtures was evaluated using twelve Sokoto Gudali heifers in a cafeteria feeding trial. The experimental design adopted was the completely randomized design. Silage colour changed from white to yellow; smell from very pleasant to pungent; and texture from very firm to firm as the level of urea in the silage increased. The pH increased from 3.80 to 6.00 as level of urea in the mixture increased. Crude protein (CP) content of silage increased from 8.50 to 17.52% while acid detergent fibre (ADF) decreased from 34.13 to 30.90% as level of urea in the silage mixture increased. Organic matter digestibility (OMD) varied from 55.44 – 60.45%, and increased with addition of urea. Preference of zebu heifers for corn cob-cassava peel silage varied from 13.81 – 38.87%. Acceptability of silage reduced significantly as level of urea increased. Addition of urea to corn cob-cassava peel silage enhanced CP content and digestibility but physical attributes and acceptability of silage by cattle were adversely affected.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121734613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Masama, E. Masamab, P. Gahadzikwa, M. E. hakwana
Twelve Large White weaner pigs with average live weight of 7.55 kg (range 7.00-7.90 kg) were used to evaluate the performance, carcass quality and cost benefit of pigs fed graded levels of dried brewers’ grains (DBG). The diets contained 0, 25, 35 and 45% DBG in treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. The experiment was in a completely randomized design (CRD) with each treatment being replicated three times. Fortnightly live weight, daily feed intake, feed cost and final carcass quality of pigs were recorded. Results showed that pigs fed T3 had significantly (P<0.05) higher live weight gain than other treatments during all the stages. However, pigs on T4 had significantly (P<0.05) higher feed intake (1.32 kg) than those on other treatments during the weaner stage. At the grower stage pigs fed on T3 had weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) similar to the control diet. Back fat (1 st rib) thickness, dressing out percentage and carcass length in T3 diet was significantly (P<0.05) reduced. There was also a reduction of feed cost with increased inclusion of DBG; with diet T3 having the highest gross margin and T2 had the lowest. It is concluded that in growing pigs the inclusion of 35% DBG in pig diets gives highest economic return without affecting performance.
选用平均活重7.55 kg (7.00 ~ 7.90 kg)的12头大型白断奶猪，研究饲喂不同水平啤酒糟(DBG)的生产性能、胴体质量和成本效益。T1、T2、T3和T4处理饲粮中DBG含量分别为0、25、35和45%。实验采用完全随机设计(CRD)，每个治疗重复3次。记录两周活重、日采食量、饲料成本和最终胴体质量。结果表明，饲喂T3的猪在各阶段的活重均显著高于其他处理(P<0.05)。断奶期T4组猪的采食量(1.32 kg)显著高于其他处理(P<0.05)。生长期饲喂T3的猪增重和饲料系数(FCR)与对照组相近。T3饲粮的背脂肪(第1肋)厚度、屠宰率和胴体长显著降低(P<0.05)。随着DBG添加量的增加，饲料成本也有所降低;其中T3日粮毛利率最高，T2日粮最低。由此可见，在不影响生产性能的情况下，饲粮中添加35% DBG可获得最高的经济效益。
{"title":"Performance, carcass quality and cost benefit of pigs fed graded levels of dried brewers’ grains","authors":"E. Masama, E. Masamab, P. Gahadzikwa, M. E. hakwana","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V4I2.1815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V4I2.1815","url":null,"abstract":"Twelve Large White weaner pigs with average live weight of 7.55 kg (range 7.00-7.90 kg) were used to evaluate the performance, carcass quality and cost benefit of pigs fed graded levels of dried brewers’ grains (DBG). The diets contained 0, 25, 35 and 45% DBG in treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. The experiment was in a completely randomized design (CRD) with each treatment being replicated three times. Fortnightly live weight, daily feed intake, feed cost and final carcass quality of pigs were recorded. Results showed that pigs fed T3 had significantly (P<0.05) higher live weight gain than other treatments during all the stages. However, pigs on T4 had significantly (P<0.05) higher feed intake (1.32 kg) than those on other treatments during the weaner stage. At the grower stage pigs fed on T3 had weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) similar to the control diet. Back fat (1 st rib) thickness, dressing out percentage and carcass length in T3 diet was significantly (P<0.05) reduced. There was also a reduction of feed cost with increased inclusion of DBG; with diet T3 having the highest gross margin and T2 had the lowest. It is concluded that in growing pigs the inclusion of 35% DBG in pig diets gives highest economic return without affecting performance.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131050776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this work was to analyse the effects of cooking on proteins and nutritional composition of fatty acid of broilers fed on green oak acorn (GOA). The broilers were divided into two groups and they were given either experimental diet (50% corn and 50% of GOA) or control diet (C) (67% corn). At 56 days, twenty broilers from each group were slaughtered and their breast meat was prepared. Proteins and fatty acid (FA) composition of the muscle were determined. Dietary GOA affected fatty acid (FA) profile of breast muscle by significantly increasing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and reducing saturated fatty acids (SFA) as compared with controls. After cooking, the lipids are in larger amounts in the muscle of control chickens compared to those fed on GOA. The results from this study showed that supplemented diet with GOA increased PUFA content of the meat.
{"title":"The effects of cooking on protein content and nutritional composition of fatty acid of broilers meat fed on green oak acorn (Quercus ilex)","authors":"Hamou Hadjira, Sisbane Ismahane, Bouderoua Kaddour","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V4I8.1900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V4I8.1900","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work was to analyse the effects of cooking on proteins and nutritional composition of fatty acid of broilers fed on green oak acorn (GOA). The broilers were divided into two groups and they were given either experimental diet (50% corn and 50% of GOA) or control diet (C) (67% corn). At 56 days, twenty broilers from each group were slaughtered and their breast meat was prepared. Proteins and fatty acid (FA) composition of the muscle were determined. Dietary GOA affected fatty acid (FA) profile of breast muscle by significantly increasing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and reducing saturated fatty acids (SFA) as compared with controls. After cooking, the lipids are in larger amounts in the muscle of control chickens compared to those fed on GOA. The results from this study showed that supplemented diet with GOA increased PUFA content of the meat.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116226948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
María del Carmen Monroy Dosta, G. A. R. D. Oca, J. C. Mejía, Germán Castro Mejía y, Daniel Becerril Cortés
The goal of this review is to analyze the importance of microbial communities in systems with zero or no water exchange or also called Bioflc, this because in recent decades has developed a strong interest in its use for the cultivation of various aquatic species such as shrimp and tilapia primarily though the function that these bacterial groups discharge in the system is unknown, making it relevant analysis mainly because the microorganisms are the foundation for the transfer of matter energy and enabling the production of small organisms such as ciliates, rotifers and protozoa, nematodes and others that can serve as natural food in situ for cultivated species, and positive impact on water quality due to microbial transformation of all performing waste generated in these systems where water exchange is limited. The knowledge of the behavior of microbial communities in the Biofloc systems will allow better management and therefore greater benefits obtained so far.
{"title":"Importance and function of microbial communities in aquaculture systems with no water exchange","authors":"María del Carmen Monroy Dosta, G. A. R. D. Oca, J. C. Mejía, Germán Castro Mejía y, Daniel Becerril Cortés","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V4I9.1941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V4I9.1941","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this review is to analyze the importance of microbial communities in systems with zero or no water exchange or also called Bioflc, this because in recent decades has developed a strong interest in its use for the cultivation of various aquatic species such as shrimp and tilapia primarily though the function that these bacterial groups discharge in the system is unknown, making it relevant analysis mainly because the microorganisms are the foundation for the transfer of matter energy and enabling the production of small organisms such as ciliates, rotifers and protozoa, nematodes and others that can serve as natural food in situ for cultivated species, and positive impact on water quality due to microbial transformation of all performing waste generated in these systems where water exchange is limited. The knowledge of the behavior of microbial communities in the Biofloc systems will allow better management and therefore greater benefits obtained so far.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117075611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. A. Danjuma, E. K. Bawa, A. I. Nwannenna, T. Aluwong
This study was conducted to compare the effects of prostaglandins (estroPLAN® and Lutalyse®) and progestagens (CIDR® and FGA-45®) in synchronizing oestrus in Yankasa ewes between January and February 2014. Thirty three (33) Yankasa ewes aged 1.5- 3 years, 21 to 26 kg body weights, with body condition score of 2.5- 3.5 were used in this study. Ewes were randomly allocated into 5 groups, Group 1 (ewes treated with Lutalyse® [YK-LT], n= 7), Group 2 (ewes treated with estroPLAN® [YK-ET], n= 7), Group 3 (ewes treated with EAZI- BREED™ CIDR® [YK-CD], n= 5), Group 4 (ewes treated with Fluorogestone acetate-45® [YK-FG], n= 7) and Group 5 (Control [YK-CT], n= 7). Natural breeding was carried out using sexually active rams for 5 days following progestagen withdrawal and second prostaglandin administration. 100% oestrus response was observed in YK-ET, YK-CD and YK-FG, respectively. Time to onset of oestrus was 68.23 ± 17.28 h in YK-LT, 49.29 ± 4.5 h in YK-ET, 33.48 ± 8.6 in YK-CD, 53.27 ± 12.3 in YK-FG and 39.2 ± 13 in YK-CT. Duration of oestrus was longest in YK-LT (51.35 ± 13.9 h) and shortest in YK-CT (17.2 ± 6.9 h). Mounts per oestrus period was highest in YK-CT (26.9 ± 4.8) and lowest in YK-ET (14.3 ± 4.3). Conception rate was 100% in the YK-LT, YK-ET, YK-CD groups respectively. It is concluded that estroPLAN® and CIDR® offered the best results in synchronizing oestrus in Yankasa ewes and may be used by farmers to enhance productivity.
{"title":"PROSTAGLANDIN VERSUS PROGESTAGEN PROTOCOLS IN OESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION IN THE YANKASA EWE","authors":"F. A. Danjuma, E. K. Bawa, A. I. Nwannenna, T. Aluwong","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V4I9.1915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V4I9.1915","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to compare the effects of prostaglandins (estroPLAN® and Lutalyse®) and progestagens (CIDR® and FGA-45®) in synchronizing oestrus in Yankasa ewes between January and February 2014. Thirty three (33) Yankasa ewes aged 1.5- 3 years, 21 to 26 kg body weights, with body condition score of 2.5- 3.5 were used in this study. Ewes were randomly allocated into 5 groups, Group 1 (ewes treated with Lutalyse® [YK-LT], n= 7), Group 2 (ewes treated with estroPLAN® [YK-ET], n= 7), Group 3 (ewes treated with EAZI- BREED™ CIDR® [YK-CD], n= 5), Group 4 (ewes treated with Fluorogestone acetate-45® [YK-FG], n= 7) and Group 5 (Control [YK-CT], n= 7). Natural breeding was carried out using sexually active rams for 5 days following progestagen withdrawal and second prostaglandin administration. 100% oestrus response was observed in YK-ET, YK-CD and YK-FG, respectively. Time to onset of oestrus was 68.23 ± 17.28 h in YK-LT, 49.29 ± 4.5 h in YK-ET, 33.48 ± 8.6 in YK-CD, 53.27 ± 12.3 in YK-FG and 39.2 ± 13 in YK-CT. Duration of oestrus was longest in YK-LT (51.35 ± 13.9 h) and shortest in YK-CT (17.2 ± 6.9 h). Mounts per oestrus period was highest in YK-CT (26.9 ± 4.8) and lowest in YK-ET (14.3 ± 4.3). Conception rate was 100% in the YK-LT, YK-ET, YK-CD groups respectively. It is concluded that estroPLAN® and CIDR® offered the best results in synchronizing oestrus in Yankasa ewes and may be used by farmers to enhance productivity.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130725306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Josemara Silva Santos, T. V. Cavalcante, F. Dias, Domenica Palomaris Mariano de Souza, A. Falcão, M. Arrivabene, J. F. Souza, J. Souza, V. M. Maruo
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) during resynchronization on the pregnancy rates of Nellore cows submitted to fixed-time artificial insemination. A group comprised of 100 multiparae Nellore cows was submitted to a resynchronizing protocol: on day 0 the subjects received the Bovine Intravaginal Device with 1,0g of progesterone (P4), associated with intramuscular administration of 2,0mg of estradiol benzoate (IM); on day 8, the Bovine Intravaginal Device (DIB ® ) was removed, and 1,0mg of estradiol cypionate, 0,15mg of prostaglandin F 2α and 300 UI of equine chorionic gonadotropin were administered; on day 10, fixed-time artificial insemination was conducted (FTAI ). The subjects were then randomized into Control Group (n=50) and Treated Group (n=50), of which the latter received 500mg of rbST on the eighth day of the protocol. Sixty days after the fixed-time artificial insemination, pregnancy diagnoses were conducted via rectal palpation. Blood samples were taken to measure plasma concentrations of glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol. Pregnancy rates were statistically evaluated through Generalized Linear Models Theory, and their significance was tested through Analysis of Deviance. No difference was found between groups, pregnancy rates were 40% and 48% for control and treated groups, respectively. Cholesterol plasma concentrations were also not affected by the treatment with rbST. There were significant increases in serum glucose and triglycerides between groups. The administration of rbST to multiparae Nellore cows, in a single dose, did not statistically interfere in the pregnancy rates. The resynchronization of estrus and re-insemination had a positive effect in cumulative pregnancy rates.
{"title":"The effect of recombinant bovine somatotropin on the pregnancy rate of resynchronized Nellore cows submitted to fixed-time insemination","authors":"Josemara Silva Santos, T. V. Cavalcante, F. Dias, Domenica Palomaris Mariano de Souza, A. Falcão, M. Arrivabene, J. F. Souza, J. Souza, V. M. Maruo","doi":"10.14196/SJBS.V4I1.1786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJBS.V4I1.1786","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) during resynchronization on the pregnancy rates of Nellore cows submitted to fixed-time artificial insemination. A group comprised of 100 multiparae Nellore cows was submitted to a resynchronizing protocol: on day 0 the subjects received the Bovine Intravaginal Device with 1,0g of progesterone (P4), associated with intramuscular administration of 2,0mg of estradiol benzoate (IM); on day 8, the Bovine Intravaginal Device (DIB ® ) was removed, and 1,0mg of estradiol cypionate, 0,15mg of prostaglandin F 2α and 300 UI of equine chorionic gonadotropin were administered; on day 10, fixed-time artificial insemination was conducted (FTAI ). The subjects were then randomized into Control Group (n=50) and Treated Group (n=50), of which the latter received 500mg of rbST on the eighth day of the protocol. Sixty days after the fixed-time artificial insemination, pregnancy diagnoses were conducted via rectal palpation. Blood samples were taken to measure plasma concentrations of glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol. Pregnancy rates were statistically evaluated through Generalized Linear Models Theory, and their significance was tested through Analysis of Deviance. No difference was found between groups, pregnancy rates were 40% and 48% for control and treated groups, respectively. Cholesterol plasma concentrations were also not affected by the treatment with rbST. There were significant increases in serum glucose and triglycerides between groups. The administration of rbST to multiparae Nellore cows, in a single dose, did not statistically interfere in the pregnancy rates. The resynchronization of estrus and re-insemination had a positive effect in cumulative pregnancy rates.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127326846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The milk yield and milk composition of dairy animals are influenced by a large number of factors. Generally, these factors are based on genetic and non-genetic differences between dairy animals. While the genetic potential of an animal is fixed at conception, non genetic factors such as nutrition, management, milking frequency, rearing methods, stage of lactation, etc. determine whether genetic potential is attained. Therefore, the maximum marketable milk yield with different fat and protein content is desirable to producers to increase farm profitability and can be affected by choice of appropriate genotype. The present discussion explores the consequences of choice of genotype in dairy production enterprises for the milk yield and composition. The discussion points to the fact that genotype affect either yield or milk composition during the entire lactation. However, across genotypes fat and protein yields are affected by both the quantity of milk produced and fat or protein percentages in the milk.
{"title":"Genotype influencing yield and milk composition in different dairy production systems","authors":"N. Assan","doi":"10.14196/SJBS.V4I1.1791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJBS.V4I1.1791","url":null,"abstract":"The milk yield and milk composition of dairy animals are influenced by a large number of factors. Generally, these factors are based on genetic and non-genetic differences between dairy animals. While the genetic potential of an animal is fixed at conception, non genetic factors such as nutrition, management, milking frequency, rearing methods, stage of lactation, etc. determine whether genetic potential is attained. Therefore, the maximum marketable milk yield with different fat and protein content is desirable to producers to increase farm profitability and can be affected by choice of appropriate genotype. The present discussion explores the consequences of choice of genotype in dairy production enterprises for the milk yield and composition. The discussion points to the fact that genotype affect either yield or milk composition during the entire lactation. However, across genotypes fat and protein yields are affected by both the quantity of milk produced and fat or protein percentages in the milk.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126351526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. D. Carmen, C. Jorge, Debra Ramon, Castro-Mejía Germán, Arana-Magallón Carlos Fernando, Ocampo-Cervantes José Antonio
The effect of probiotic strains (Lactococcus lactis; Lactobacillus sp and Bacillus subtilis), isolated from the intestinal tract of Ambystoma mexicanum on survival and growth of this amphibian was evaluated. 120 larvae with a weight of 3.0 ± 0.26 g and length of 1.5 ± 0.62 cm, were fed with probiotic strains (107 CFU mL-1) bioencapsulated in Artemia franciscana metanauplii. Diets were handled in triplicates (10 organisms per beaker) during 60 days. Every 15 days were measured and weighed to obtain the intrinsic growth rate (IGR) and absolute growth rate (AGR). Analysis of variance and Condition Factor was performed. Organisms that obtained a higher weight and length were fed with B. subtilis (5.86 ±0.42 g; 4.56 ±0.27 cm). Diets with L. lactis and B. subtilis presented the best Condition Factor (KM). Variance analysis showed significate differences (P<0.001) between all treatments. Axolotls fed with probiotics presented survival <85%, while control was 60%.
{"title":"Effect on survival and growth (weight and length) of Ambystoma Mexicanum (Shaw Y Nodder, 1798) of three probiotics obtained from their gastrointestinal tract","authors":"M. D. Carmen, C. Jorge, Debra Ramon, Castro-Mejía Germán, Arana-Magallón Carlos Fernando, Ocampo-Cervantes José Antonio","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V4I1.1816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V4I1.1816","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of probiotic strains (Lactococcus lactis; Lactobacillus sp and Bacillus subtilis), isolated from the intestinal tract of Ambystoma mexicanum on survival and growth of this amphibian was evaluated. 120 larvae with a weight of 3.0 ± 0.26 g and length of 1.5 ± 0.62 cm, were fed with probiotic strains (107 CFU mL-1) bioencapsulated in Artemia franciscana metanauplii. Diets were handled in triplicates (10 organisms per beaker) during 60 days. Every 15 days were measured and weighed to obtain the intrinsic growth rate (IGR) and absolute growth rate (AGR). Analysis of variance and Condition Factor was performed. Organisms that obtained a higher weight and length were fed with B. subtilis (5.86 ±0.42 g; 4.56 ±0.27 cm). Diets with L. lactis and B. subtilis presented the best Condition Factor (KM). Variance analysis showed significate differences (P<0.001) between all treatments. Axolotls fed with probiotics presented survival <85%, while control was 60%.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128011532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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