E. Hakimizadeh, Faezeh Jandaghi, Mojdeh Hajmohammadi, I. Fatemi, A. Kaeidi, A. Shamsizadeh, M. Allahtavakoli
Background and objectives: Menopause is associated with depression as well as emotional and memory disorders. Based on the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of pistachio, its effect on depression, cognitive function, anxiety and physical power in ovariectomized mice was investigated. Methods: In the current study, fifty female mice were used. They were aliquoted into five groups: control, ovariectomy (OVX), ovariectomy + DMSO, ovariectomy +10 mg/kg pistachioextract and Ovariectomy +100 mg/kg pistachio extract. In order to prepare the required extract, pistachio nuts were powdered (100 g) and macerated in 1 L of ethanol (80%) for 72 h. Pistachio extract was used orally once a day in ovariectomized mice for sixty days. Anxiety, depression, working memory and physical power were evaluated by the Elevated plus-maze (EPM) test, Forced swimming test (FST), Y maze and swimming exhaustion test, respectively. Results: The results showed that extract of pistachio (more potentially at the dose of 100 mg/kg) decreased anxiety-like behaviors and depression; besides, increase in working memory and physical power was observed in the ovariectomized mice. Conclusion: The findings of the current investigation suggest that pistachio extract could be used as a potential strategy for the attenuation of ovariectomy-related manifestation
{"title":"Pistachio Extract Improves Neurocognitive Behaviors in Ovariectomized Mice","authors":"E. Hakimizadeh, Faezeh Jandaghi, Mojdeh Hajmohammadi, I. Fatemi, A. Kaeidi, A. Shamsizadeh, M. Allahtavakoli","doi":"10.22127/RJP.2019.93515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22127/RJP.2019.93515","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Menopause is associated with depression as well as emotional and memory disorders. Based on the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of pistachio, its effect on depression, cognitive function, anxiety and physical power in ovariectomized mice was investigated. Methods: In the current study, fifty female mice were used. They were aliquoted into five groups: control, ovariectomy (OVX), ovariectomy + DMSO, ovariectomy +10 mg/kg pistachioextract and Ovariectomy +100 mg/kg pistachio extract. In order to prepare the required extract, pistachio nuts were powdered (100 g) and macerated in 1 L of ethanol (80%) for 72 h. Pistachio extract was used orally once a day in ovariectomized mice for sixty days. Anxiety, depression, working memory and physical power were evaluated by the Elevated plus-maze (EPM) test, Forced swimming test (FST), Y maze and swimming exhaustion test, respectively. Results: The results showed that extract of pistachio (more potentially at the dose of 100 mg/kg) decreased anxiety-like behaviors and depression; besides, increase in working memory and physical power was observed in the ovariectomized mice. Conclusion: The findings of the current investigation suggest that pistachio extract could be used as a potential strategy for the attenuation of ovariectomy-related manifestation","PeriodicalId":21088,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacognosy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48525740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maedeh Rezghi, S. Mortazavi, R. Choopani, S. Fahimi, MohammadAbbas Sheihkoleslami, M. H. Moghadam
Background and objectivesPeople interest in traditional medicine has increased recently; however, traditional herbal medicines should be transformed into modern forms of medicine to increase patient acceptance. In this investigation, a polyherbal traditional combination “Monzej-e-balgham” has been based on according to Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) manuscripts and its quality control evaluations have been performed.MethodsThe main ingredients of the formulation including Vitis venifera L., Ficus carica L., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Adiantum capillus-veneris L., Rosa damascena Herrm. and Onopordum acanthium L. were crushed, mixed and extracted with distilled water by decoction method. The mixture was used to prepare formulations of the syrup. Physicochemical, microbiological properties and rheological behavior of the syrup were studied and total phenolics content of the formulation was determined. The syrup was evaluated in accelerated stability test during 6 months.ResultsThe product was light brown semitransparent syrup with appropriate taste and odor. There was no cap locking and precipitation. Dry residue, sedimentation, pH, viscosity, density and total phenolics were found to be 14.82%, 0.015%, 5.40, 4.6 cP, 1.076 g/mL and 127.34 mg/100 mL, respectively. Microbial evaluations of syrupwere consistent with the WHO protocol. The rheogram of the product represented the Newtonian behavior. In the accelerated stability tests, no significant changes were observed. Total phenolics content reduced to 2.50% within 6 months in 40 oC.ConclusionThe outcome of this research was a pharmaceutical standardized formulation from the traditional “Monzej-e-balgham” which supports the idea of drug discovery based on traditional knowledge.
{"title":"Formulation of a Traditional Polyherbal Product to a Standard Pharmaceutical Syrup and Development of Its Quality Control Methods","authors":"Maedeh Rezghi, S. Mortazavi, R. Choopani, S. Fahimi, MohammadAbbas Sheihkoleslami, M. H. Moghadam","doi":"10.22127/RJP.2019.93523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22127/RJP.2019.93523","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectivesPeople interest in traditional medicine has increased recently; however, traditional herbal medicines should be transformed into modern forms of medicine to increase patient acceptance. In this investigation, a polyherbal traditional combination “Monzej-e-balgham” has been based on according to Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) manuscripts and its quality control evaluations have been performed.MethodsThe main ingredients of the formulation including Vitis venifera L., Ficus carica L., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Adiantum capillus-veneris L., Rosa damascena Herrm. and Onopordum acanthium L. were crushed, mixed and extracted with distilled water by decoction method. The mixture was used to prepare formulations of the syrup. Physicochemical, microbiological properties and rheological behavior of the syrup were studied and total phenolics content of the formulation was determined. The syrup was evaluated in accelerated stability test during 6 months.ResultsThe product was light brown semitransparent syrup with appropriate taste and odor. There was no cap locking and precipitation. Dry residue, sedimentation, pH, viscosity, density and total phenolics were found to be 14.82%, 0.015%, 5.40, 4.6 cP, 1.076 g/mL and 127.34 mg/100 mL, respectively. Microbial evaluations of syrupwere consistent with the WHO protocol. The rheogram of the product represented the Newtonian behavior. In the accelerated stability tests, no significant changes were observed. Total phenolics content reduced to 2.50% within 6 months in 40 oC.ConclusionThe outcome of this research was a pharmaceutical standardized formulation from the traditional “Monzej-e-balgham” which supports the idea of drug discovery based on traditional knowledge.","PeriodicalId":21088,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacognosy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49256610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Sessou, Mahudro Yovo, Rodrigue Towanou, Yannick Ayihou, Gwladys S. Komagbe, J. Adinci, Bruno Ayaovi Yaovi, O. Aguidissou, M. Sènou, G. Alitonou, F. Avlessi, S. Farougou, D. Sohounhloue
Background and objectives: The present work aimed to evaluate the acute toxicity of Aeollanthus pubescens essential oil, whose antimicrobial activity has been proven in vitro by previous studies and to examine the effects of this essential oil on the biochemical parameters (transaminases ALT and AST, urea, creatinine and cholesterol) and hematological and histological factors in Wistar rats subjected to this volatile oil. Methods: Nine male Wistar rats, 12 weeks old weighing more than 140 g were divided into three groups of three rats each; group one normal control rats; group two normal rats which received the extract of A. pubescens by gavage at a dosage of 2000 mg/kg of body weight and finally gropup three consisting of normal rats receiving the extract of A. pubescens by intramuscular injection at a dosage of 2000mg/kg body weight. The duration of the experiment was 14 days. Results: At the end of the study, the essential oil of A. pubescens did not cause any mortality in the experimental rats, which indicated that the extract did not exhibit acute toxicity at this dose. Biochemical and hematological analyses revealed no adverse effects (p>0.05) on the hepatic, renal, lipid and hematological parameters measured in these animals. Histological examination showed no alteration of the hepatic and renal structures. Conclusion: This oil can be considered generally recognized as safe at the experimental dosage and can be used in the fight against pathologies of bacterial origin.
{"title":"Acute Toxicity of Aeollanthus pubescens Essential Oil with High Antimicrobial Potential against Multidrug Resistant Bacteria Isolated in Poultry Farms in Benin","authors":"P. Sessou, Mahudro Yovo, Rodrigue Towanou, Yannick Ayihou, Gwladys S. Komagbe, J. Adinci, Bruno Ayaovi Yaovi, O. Aguidissou, M. Sènou, G. Alitonou, F. Avlessi, S. Farougou, D. Sohounhloue","doi":"10.22127/RJP.2019.93503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22127/RJP.2019.93503","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: The present work aimed to evaluate the acute toxicity of Aeollanthus pubescens essential oil, whose antimicrobial activity has been proven in vitro by previous studies and to examine the effects of this essential oil on the biochemical parameters (transaminases ALT and AST, urea, creatinine and cholesterol) and hematological and histological factors in Wistar rats subjected to this volatile oil. Methods: Nine male Wistar rats, 12 weeks old weighing more than 140 g were divided into three groups of three rats each; group one normal control rats; group two normal rats which received the extract of A. pubescens by gavage at a dosage of 2000 mg/kg of body weight and finally gropup three consisting of normal rats receiving the extract of A. pubescens by intramuscular injection at a dosage of 2000mg/kg body weight. The duration of the experiment was 14 days. Results: At the end of the study, the essential oil of A. pubescens did not cause any mortality in the experimental rats, which indicated that the extract did not exhibit acute toxicity at this dose. Biochemical and hematological analyses revealed no adverse effects (p>0.05) on the hepatic, renal, lipid and hematological parameters measured in these animals. Histological examination showed no alteration of the hepatic and renal structures. Conclusion: This oil can be considered generally recognized as safe at the experimental dosage and can be used in the fight against pathologies of bacterial origin.","PeriodicalId":21088,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacognosy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44062711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Jahandideh, Paria Kharazi, Zahra Jafariazar, S. Fahimi
Background and objectivesGarlic (Allium sativum L.) oil has been introduced in Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) as an effective topical agent for urine dribbling. Additionally, the beneficial effects of garlic on prostatic proliferation have been revealed in recent studies. The purpose of this research was formulation of a topical ointment using garlic oil proposed by ITM and quality control of the product.MethodsGarlic oil was prepared according to ITM instructions and analysed using GC/MS method. In order to formulate garlic ointment, several experimental formulations were examined. Microbial tests as well as physical assessments including thermal stability evaluation and study of rheological behaviour were performed on the final product.ResultsGC/MS analysis of garlic oil showed the presence of dialyl trisulfide, one of the major organo-sulfur components of garlic. The herbal ointment containing garlic oil (70%), white petrolatum (23.7%) and white beeswax (6%), showed suitable physical properties as well as plastic tixotropic behaviour and was free of any microbial contamination.ConclusionRegarding the modern evidences about the beneficial effects of garlic and its sulphur compounds on improvement of BPH and prevention of prostate cancer, garlic ointment could be an appropriate candidate for studies in the field of prostate related diseases with respect to its traditional use in ITM.
{"title":"Preparation of a Topical Product from Allium sativum Retrieved from Iranian Traditional Medicine","authors":"M. Jahandideh, Paria Kharazi, Zahra Jafariazar, S. Fahimi","doi":"10.22127/RJP.2019.93491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22127/RJP.2019.93491","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectivesGarlic (Allium sativum L.) oil has been introduced in Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) as an effective topical agent for urine dribbling. Additionally, the beneficial effects of garlic on prostatic proliferation have been revealed in recent studies. The purpose of this research was formulation of a topical ointment using garlic oil proposed by ITM and quality control of the product.MethodsGarlic oil was prepared according to ITM instructions and analysed using GC/MS method. In order to formulate garlic ointment, several experimental formulations were examined. Microbial tests as well as physical assessments including thermal stability evaluation and study of rheological behaviour were performed on the final product.ResultsGC/MS analysis of garlic oil showed the presence of dialyl trisulfide, one of the major organo-sulfur components of garlic. The herbal ointment containing garlic oil (70%), white petrolatum (23.7%) and white beeswax (6%), showed suitable physical properties as well as plastic tixotropic behaviour and was free of any microbial contamination.ConclusionRegarding the modern evidences about the beneficial effects of garlic and its sulphur compounds on improvement of BPH and prevention of prostate cancer, garlic ointment could be an appropriate candidate for studies in the field of prostate related diseases with respect to its traditional use in ITM.","PeriodicalId":21088,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacognosy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46014229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maedeh Rezghi, H. Hajimehdipoor, Sara Zakerin, S. Fahimi
Background and objectivesPlants are usually used for treatment of different diseases according to their traditional application. The use of the plant based medications is increasingly becoming popular all over the world. Traditional herbal medicines should be transformed into new forms to make better acceptance and more comfortable use by patients. The aim of the present study was to formulate a poly herbal gel based on Iranian traditional medicine (ITM), and determine its physicochemical characteristics.MethodsThe gel formulation consisted of Boswellia spp., Carum carvi L., Punica granatum L. and Myrtus communis L. extracts. The product was evaluated for the physicochemical parameters. The laboratory stability tests, microbiological tests and rheological behavior were performed on the gel. Additionally, total tannin content of the gel was measured as pyrogallol using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and hide powder.ResultsStability and physicochemical evaluations as well as microbiological tests showed that the prepared formulation was stable towards physical changes with no growth of pathogenic microorganisms. Moreover, it represented plastic behavior which is in favor of a topical product and alsototal tannins contents were determined to be 0.27 % in the gel.ConclusionThe product was acceptable due to its physical characterisitcs and so appropriate for topical use. Regarding the antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties of the medicinal herbs in the gel and also, the role of tannins as astringent agents, this formulation could be a suitable candidate for abnormal vaginal discharge with regards to its traditional application in ITM.
{"title":"Preparation of a Traditional Poly Herbal Gel for Abnormal Vaginal Discharge","authors":"Maedeh Rezghi, H. Hajimehdipoor, Sara Zakerin, S. Fahimi","doi":"10.22127/RJP.2019.93506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22127/RJP.2019.93506","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectivesPlants are usually used for treatment of different diseases according to their traditional application. The use of the plant based medications is increasingly becoming popular all over the world. Traditional herbal medicines should be transformed into new forms to make better acceptance and more comfortable use by patients. The aim of the present study was to formulate a poly herbal gel based on Iranian traditional medicine (ITM), and determine its physicochemical characteristics.MethodsThe gel formulation consisted of Boswellia spp., Carum carvi L., Punica granatum L. and Myrtus communis L. extracts. The product was evaluated for the physicochemical parameters. The laboratory stability tests, microbiological tests and rheological behavior were performed on the gel. Additionally, total tannin content of the gel was measured as pyrogallol using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and hide powder.ResultsStability and physicochemical evaluations as well as microbiological tests showed that the prepared formulation was stable towards physical changes with no growth of pathogenic microorganisms. Moreover, it represented plastic behavior which is in favor of a topical product and alsototal tannins contents were determined to be 0.27 % in the gel.ConclusionThe product was acceptable due to its physical characterisitcs and so appropriate for topical use. Regarding the antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties of the medicinal herbs in the gel and also, the role of tannins as astringent agents, this formulation could be a suitable candidate for abnormal vaginal discharge with regards to its traditional application in ITM.","PeriodicalId":21088,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacognosy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43544504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marzieh Mokhber, S. Keshavarz, F. Shidfar, Z. N. Bokaee, Z. Eftekhari, A. Hadjiakhoondi
Background and objectivesSesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds have been a well-known oil crop in the world for many centuries. Lignans are functionally important compartments of sesame. Sesamin and sesamol are the main sesame lignans, which have recently shown various activities with health benefits, like anti-oxidative, anti-proliferative, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. The aim of this study was determination of sesamin and sesamol concentration in sesame seeds from three different regions of Iran with diverse climatic conditions (Dezful, Ardakan and Neka). In addition, the effect of roasting process on sesamin and sesamol content were investigated.MethodsAnalysis of sesamin and sesamol was performed using the mobile phase water: methanol (70:30) on a reversed phase ACE C18 with flow rate of 0.6 mL/min and UV detection at 290 nm.ResultsHPLC analysis revealed that the highest content of sesamin (1.156±0.002 mg/g of seeds) and sesamol (2.393±0.002 mg/g of seeds) were observed in roasted Dezful seeds samples and hulled roasted Dezful sesame seeds, respectively. The amount of sesamin and sesamol in roasted seeds was higher than unroasted samples.ConclusionThe present study showed that the roasting process and hot semi-arid climate increase the content of lignans in sesame seeds. Consuming sesame seeds with such characteristics will improve dietary lignan intake and has nutritive value. Moreover, sesame seed characterized by the highest amount of sesamin and sesamol is more strongly suggested for achieving biological properties of these components.
{"title":"Effect of Roasting Process on Sesamin and Sesamol Contents of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) from Different Parts of Iran","authors":"Marzieh Mokhber, S. Keshavarz, F. Shidfar, Z. N. Bokaee, Z. Eftekhari, A. Hadjiakhoondi","doi":"10.22127/RJP.2019.93509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22127/RJP.2019.93509","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectivesSesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds have been a well-known oil crop in the world for many centuries. Lignans are functionally important compartments of sesame. Sesamin and sesamol are the main sesame lignans, which have recently shown various activities with health benefits, like anti-oxidative, anti-proliferative, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. The aim of this study was determination of sesamin and sesamol concentration in sesame seeds from three different regions of Iran with diverse climatic conditions (Dezful, Ardakan and Neka). In addition, the effect of roasting process on sesamin and sesamol content were investigated.MethodsAnalysis of sesamin and sesamol was performed using the mobile phase water: methanol (70:30) on a reversed phase ACE C18 with flow rate of 0.6 mL/min and UV detection at 290 nm.ResultsHPLC analysis revealed that the highest content of sesamin (1.156±0.002 mg/g of seeds) and sesamol (2.393±0.002 mg/g of seeds) were observed in roasted Dezful seeds samples and hulled roasted Dezful sesame seeds, respectively. The amount of sesamin and sesamol in roasted seeds was higher than unroasted samples.ConclusionThe present study showed that the roasting process and hot semi-arid climate increase the content of lignans in sesame seeds. Consuming sesame seeds with such characteristics will improve dietary lignan intake and has nutritive value. Moreover, sesame seed characterized by the highest amount of sesamin and sesamol is more strongly suggested for achieving biological properties of these components.","PeriodicalId":21088,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacognosy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47047655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physalis, the fifth largest genus of the Solanaceae family, consists many species which are used as food and natural remedies. Phytochemical investigations on Physalis species have led to characterization of important secondary metabolites such as withaphysalins, physalins and phytosterols which are responsible for wide range of pharmacological effects such as potent cytotoxic activity against various type of human cancer cell lines, immunomodulatory and cancer chemopreventive effects. Theyare widely used in the indigenous system of medicine for treatment of kidney and urinary disorders, leishmaniasis, inflammations, skin infections and etc. Based on Iranian traditional medicine texts, Physalis is effective for treatment of several disorders such as asthma, liver, kidney and bladder dysfunctions, wounds, hemorrhoids, and helminthic diseases. Based on recent surveys, many of the above properties have not been investigated so far except the for the healing effects on liver dysfunction. This review might be a starting point for the development of the new therapeutic applications and more investigations on Physalis species in the future.
{"title":"Therapeutic Activities and Phytochemistry of Physalis Species Based on Traditional and Modern Medicine","authors":"F. Mirzaee, A. Hosseini, R. Askian, M. Azadbakht","doi":"10.22127/RJP.2019.93529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22127/RJP.2019.93529","url":null,"abstract":"Physalis, the fifth largest genus of the Solanaceae family, consists many species which are used as food and natural remedies. Phytochemical investigations on Physalis species have led to characterization of important secondary metabolites such as withaphysalins, physalins and phytosterols which are responsible for wide range of pharmacological effects such as potent cytotoxic activity against various type of human cancer cell lines, immunomodulatory and cancer chemopreventive effects. Theyare widely used in the indigenous system of medicine for treatment of kidney and urinary disorders, leishmaniasis, inflammations, skin infections and etc. Based on Iranian traditional medicine texts, Physalis is effective for treatment of several disorders such as asthma, liver, kidney and bladder dysfunctions, wounds, hemorrhoids, and helminthic diseases. Based on recent surveys, many of the above properties have not been investigated so far except the for the healing effects on liver dysfunction. This review might be a starting point for the development of the new therapeutic applications and more investigations on Physalis species in the future.","PeriodicalId":21088,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacognosy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47307033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raheleh Shakeri, J. Khorshidi, T. Radjabian, A. Lashkari, M. Safavi
Background and objectivesThe goal of this study was to compare the cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of the corms extracts of two Crocus species (C. sativus L. and C. pallasii subsp. haussknechtii).Methodsn-Hexan, chloroform and methanol extracts of the corms were prepared. Cytotoxic activities of the extracts against human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 were evaluated via MTT assay and dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide fluorescent staining test. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were assessed by DPPH method.ResultsThe results showed that the methanol extracts of the corms from both species had cytotoxic activity against the breast cancer cells. Cytotoxic activity of the corms extract of C. sativus L. was significantly higher than C. pallasii subsp. haussknechtii. n-Hexan and chloroform extracts from the corms of C. pallasii subsp. haussknechtii and Crocus sativus L. showed no anti-proliferative activity which indicated the polar nature of the cytotoxic agent(s) in the extracts. The results of dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide fluorescent staining test revealed that the methanol extracts of both species corms destroyed cancer cells through apoptosis. Moreover, the methanol corm extracts of the two species showed little antioxidant activity.ConclusionIt can be concluded that C. sativus L. may possess more significant apoptotic properties compared to C. pallasii subsp. haussknechtii.
{"title":"Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Activities of Crocus pallasii subsp. haussknechtii Corms Extracts Compared with Crocus sativus","authors":"Raheleh Shakeri, J. Khorshidi, T. Radjabian, A. Lashkari, M. Safavi","doi":"10.22127/RJP.2019.89461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22127/RJP.2019.89461","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectivesThe goal of this study was to compare the cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of the corms extracts of two Crocus species (C. sativus L. and C. pallasii subsp. haussknechtii).Methodsn-Hexan, chloroform and methanol extracts of the corms were prepared. Cytotoxic activities of the extracts against human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 were evaluated via MTT assay and dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide fluorescent staining test. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were assessed by DPPH method.ResultsThe results showed that the methanol extracts of the corms from both species had cytotoxic activity against the breast cancer cells. Cytotoxic activity of the corms extract of C. sativus L. was significantly higher than C. pallasii subsp. haussknechtii. n-Hexan and chloroform extracts from the corms of C. pallasii subsp. haussknechtii and Crocus sativus L. showed no anti-proliferative activity which indicated the polar nature of the cytotoxic agent(s) in the extracts. The results of dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide fluorescent staining test revealed that the methanol extracts of both species corms destroyed cancer cells through apoptosis. Moreover, the methanol corm extracts of the two species showed little antioxidant activity.ConclusionIt can be concluded that C. sativus L. may possess more significant apoptotic properties compared to C. pallasii subsp. haussknechtii.","PeriodicalId":21088,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacognosy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43672030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Rafiee, A. Mehrafarin, H. Omidi, H. Badi, F. Khalighi-Sigaroodi
Background and objectives: Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora H.B.K.) from Verbenaceae family, as an aromatic and medicinal plant, has attracted interests for its valuable essential oil (EO). This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of various temperatures on phytochemical, biochemical, and allometric traits of lemon verbena leaves. Methods: The experiment was designed on the basis of randomized complete block design (RCBD) with treatments of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 °C, and three replications. Results: The results showed that the EO content, main components, and chemical classes, except for oxygenated sesquiterpenes were enhanced by increasing the temperature from 5 to 25 ° C, while pigments, total soluble solid, proline, and soluble proteins were conversely decreased by increasing temperature. The highest fraction of variance among these variables was observed in the neral, EO, polyphenols and anthocyanins, respectively. According to cluster analysis (CA), the effect of temperature on the content of EO, main components, and chemical classes were classified into three groups (A: 5 and 10 °C, B: 15 and 20 °C, and C: 25 °C). Also, dendrogram cluster analysis showed three temperature groups (A: 5 °C, B: 10 °C, and C: 15-25 °C) on the basis of biochemical traits. Conclusion: The present study showed that the content of oxygenated sesquiterpenes and antioxidant pigments in contrast to the amount of EO were severely increased by decreasing the environmental temperature. These results clarify the quality and economic value of this plant at the time of harvesting and environmental conditions for the pharmaceuticals, health, and food industries.
{"title":"Evaluation of Phytochemical and Biochemical Patterns of Lemon Verbena (Lippia citriodora H.B.K.) at Different Temperatures","authors":"H. Rafiee, A. Mehrafarin, H. Omidi, H. Badi, F. Khalighi-Sigaroodi","doi":"10.22127/RJP.2019.89455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22127/RJP.2019.89455","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora H.B.K.) from Verbenaceae family, as an aromatic and medicinal plant, has attracted interests for its valuable essential oil (EO). This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of various temperatures on phytochemical, biochemical, and allometric traits of lemon verbena leaves. Methods: The experiment was designed on the basis of randomized complete block design (RCBD) with treatments of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 °C, and three replications. Results: The results showed that the EO content, main components, and chemical classes, except for oxygenated sesquiterpenes were enhanced by increasing the temperature from 5 to 25 ° C, while pigments, total soluble solid, proline, and soluble proteins were conversely decreased by increasing temperature. The highest fraction of variance among these variables was observed in the neral, EO, polyphenols and anthocyanins, respectively. According to cluster analysis (CA), the effect of temperature on the content of EO, main components, and chemical classes were classified into three groups (A: 5 and 10 °C, B: 15 and 20 °C, and C: 25 °C). Also, dendrogram cluster analysis showed three temperature groups (A: 5 °C, B: 10 °C, and C: 15-25 °C) on the basis of biochemical traits. Conclusion: The present study showed that the content of oxygenated sesquiterpenes and antioxidant pigments in contrast to the amount of EO were severely increased by decreasing the environmental temperature. These results clarify the quality and economic value of this plant at the time of harvesting and environmental conditions for the pharmaceuticals, health, and food industries.","PeriodicalId":21088,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacognosy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43960368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Ahangar, F. Mirzaee, M. Feizbakhsh, S. Pirhayati, S. Shahani
Background and objectives:Traditionally, Geum species from Rosaceae family have been used for treating inflammatory disorders. Geum iranicum Khatamsaz is endemic to Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of Geum iranicum methanol extract G. iranicum methanol extract using classical models. Methods: The methanol extract of G. iranicum roots was evaluated for antinociceptive activity by acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin and hot-plate tests in male Swiss albino mice. The anti-inflammatory effect was investigated by Carrageenan-induced paw edema method. Results: The extract significantly inhibited both the first and second phases of formalin-induced nociception in mice at the dose of 100 mg/kg compared to the control group. In acetic acid-induced writhing test and hot plate method, the extract significantly reduced pain behavior in all doses (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg). The antinociceptive activity of the extract was significantly reduced by naloxone (4 mg/kg). The anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was found to be dose dependent. The extract at the dose of 100 mg/kg exhibited significant reduction of paw edema in all surveyed times. Conclusion: The results showed that the methanol extract of G. iranicum roots possessed central analgesic activity via modulation of opioid receptors as well as anti-inflammatory activity. The observed effects could be attributed to the presence of constituents like triterpenoids, eugenol, sucrose and tannins in the extract.
{"title":"Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Geum iranicum Khatamsaz Methanol Extract in Mice","authors":"N. Ahangar, F. Mirzaee, M. Feizbakhsh, S. Pirhayati, S. Shahani","doi":"10.22127/RJP.2019.89459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22127/RJP.2019.89459","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives:Traditionally, Geum species from Rosaceae family have been used for treating inflammatory disorders. Geum iranicum Khatamsaz is endemic to Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of Geum iranicum methanol extract G. iranicum methanol extract using classical models. Methods: The methanol extract of G. iranicum roots was evaluated for antinociceptive activity by acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin and hot-plate tests in male Swiss albino mice. The anti-inflammatory effect was investigated by Carrageenan-induced paw edema method. Results: The extract significantly inhibited both the first and second phases of formalin-induced nociception in mice at the dose of 100 mg/kg compared to the control group. In acetic acid-induced writhing test and hot plate method, the extract significantly reduced pain behavior in all doses (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg). The antinociceptive activity of the extract was significantly reduced by naloxone (4 mg/kg). The anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was found to be dose dependent. The extract at the dose of 100 mg/kg exhibited significant reduction of paw edema in all surveyed times. Conclusion: The results showed that the methanol extract of G. iranicum roots possessed central analgesic activity via modulation of opioid receptors as well as anti-inflammatory activity. The observed effects could be attributed to the presence of constituents like triterpenoids, eugenol, sucrose and tannins in the extract.","PeriodicalId":21088,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Pharmacognosy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48887242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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