Psychological Reports最新文献

Researchers reject the idea that social media use causes anxiety and depression, instead reporting that cognitive and behavioral variables of social media self-control failure, fear of missing out, and social media social comparison contribute to anxiety and depression. While prohibiting, delaying, or fasting from social media are suggested by popular writers as answers to these problems, prohibiting social media is known to be ineffective at preventing these cognitive social media problems once a person begins using social media. Moving forward, counselors should prepare themselves to use the therapeutic tools they currently have or develop new tools for treating clients whose problems are related to social media. We sought to determine if social media self-control failure, fear of missing out, and social media social comparison were associated with deficiencies in self-compassion. Our pilot study (n = 61) confirmed that the problematic social media outcomes share considerable variance with deficiencies in self-compassion with moderation models found. Thus, self-compassion interventions may be useful for treating social media self-control failure, fear of missing out, and social media social comparison, but future research will need to explore the efficacy of these interventions.

Internalizing symptoms emerge early and can negatively affect engagement and achievement during the primary-school years. At the same time, children's socio-emotional competencies may shape how they appraise and regulate school-related stress. This cross-sectional study tested whether Trait Emotional Intelligence (trait EI) and Social Intelligence (SI) are associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms and academic/behavioral outcomes, and whether these competencies distinguish clinical vs. non-clinical internalizing levels. Participants were 228 Italian primary-school children (8-11 years). Measures included the TEIQue-CSF (trait EI), a child-adapted TSIS (SI: Social Awareness, Social Information Processing, Social Skills), the Anxiety Scale Questionnaire for Children (scholastic anxiety), the Children's Depression Inventory (depression; clinical cut-off = 19), teacher-reported grades (Italian, English, Mathematics), and behavior ratings. Analyses comprised correlations, binomial logistic regressions predicting clinical status, and hierarchical multiple regressions for grades and behavior. Higher trait EI was inversely related to scholastic anxiety and depression and reduced the odds of meeting clinical criteria for both outcomes. SI showed weaker, facet-specific links: Social Information Processing was the most informative SI dimension for Mathematics grades. Trait EI predicted higher language grades (Italian and English), whereas associations with behavior ratings were small or non-significant. Findings highlight trait EI as a school-relevant protective correlate of internalizing symptoms in late childhood, while suggesting that Social Intelligence relates more to academic performance. Implications for brief, classroom-based socio-emotional learning are discussed.

This study builds upon Riester and Keller (2025) and extends prior findings by (a) employing an experimental approach involving the recollection of neutral, positive (meaningful) or negative (bullshit) work episodes (b) examining the effect of the experimental manipulation, and specifically the recollection of bullshit episodes, on the reported likelihood to engage in deviant work behavior, turnover intentions and negative affect, (c) investigating the mediating role of negative affect, and (d) analyzing the moderating role of work ethic. In a sample of German employees (N = 253), we manipulated the recollection of experienced work episodes, including a neutral, a meaningful, or a bullshit episode. Results show that recalling bullshit work episodes was associated with increased negative affect and, in turn, with enhanced likelihood to engage in problematic workplace behavior and turnover intentions compared to the other experimental conditions. Furthermore, these relationships were amplified among individuals with stronger work ethic convictions. In contrast, the effects of recollecting meaningful (vs. neutral) experiences at work were not significant for all dependent variables. The study extends prior research (Riester & Keller, 2025) through an experimental investigation and underscores the effects of bullshit job experiences on negative affect, the tendency to engage in unethical work behavior and the critical role of work ethic.

Attitudes toward suicide are complex and multifaceted. Their predictive roles and how they interact with mental health in suicidal ideation and suicide attempts are not well understood. Elaborating on attitudes toward suicide can help contribute to suicide prevention. The current study examined whether and how attitudes toward suicide and depression levels are involved in suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among college students. A cross-sectional survey was administered to 1,427 Chinese college students (61.32% females; mean age, 22.42 years), of whom 570 reported suicidal ideation. Participants completed questionnaires to assess their endorsed attitude toward suicide, stigmatized attitude toward suicide, self-stigma toward suicide, depression, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Structural equation modeling revealed that the associations between the three types of attitudes, i.e., endorsed attitude, stigmatized attitude, and self-stigma, and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were fully or partially mediated by depression. The results suggested that attitudes toward suicide significantly influence suicidal behaviors through depression levels and future suicide prevention efforts should consider these influences.

Objective: To examine the association between Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) and dimensions of sleep health. Methods: We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from inception to March 2025. Primary inclusion criteria were original studies reporting associations between FoMO and any sleep health dimension. Risk of bias in included studies was assessed independently by two reviewers using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist. Correlations between FoMO and sleep health dimensions were synthesized using random-effects meta-analytic models. Results: Twenty-two studies (25 independent samples; N = 12,191 participants) were included. Most used survey methods and assessed FoMO with the Fear of Missing Out Scale. Meta-analytic random-effects models were conducted for each sleep health dimension with at least 3 independent results. Twelve studies showed a positive correlation between FoMO and Sleep Quality (Fisher's Z = 0.265; p < 0.05), four studies showed a positive correlation between FoMO and Bedtime Procrastination (Fisher's Z = 0.231; p < .001), and five studies showed a positive correlation between FoMO and worse Sleep Hygiene (Fisher's Z = 0.268; p < .001). Two or fewer independent samples showed positive significant relations between FoMO and insomnia, later lights out time, problematic sleep, sleep deprivation, sleep onset latency, and sleep duration. Discussion: Preliminary evidence suggests FoMO is associated with multiple dimensions of sleep health. Further longitudinal studies using multidimensional sleep assessments are needed. PROSPERO registration: CRD42023446430.

Self-forgiveness plays a crucial role in mitigating self-directed blame and enhancing psychological well-being. While prior research has linked self-compassion to self-forgiveness, the extent to which distinct self-compassion components contribute to self-forgiveness over time has not been systematically examined. The study aimed to assess the extent to which different dimensions of self-compassion (self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness, and over-identification) predict initial levels and growth trajectories of dispositional self-forgiveness over time employing a linear growth curve. A three-wave longitudinal study (with two-month intervals) was conducted with 164 Polish adults, predominantly Catholics. Dispositional self-compassion and self-forgiveness were assessed using validated Polish adaptations of the Self-Compassion Scale and Toussaint Self-Forgiveness Scale. Self-kindness was positively associated with higher baseline self-forgiveness (β = .27, p = .02), whereas isolation significantly predicted a slower increase in self-forgiveness over time (β = -.17, p = .026). The final model explained 80% of the variance in self-forgiveness at the last wave, with significant individual variability in growth trajectories. The study highlights the therapeutic potential of fostering self-kindness and reducing social disconnection to support self-forgiveness as a phenomenon commonly associated with healthier psychological adaptation.

Racially minoritized adults lack equal representation in research and experience disparities in healthcare. Little is known about which trait-level factors may help mitigate negative and promote positive psychological health among adults from these communities. The aim of this study was to assess the differential impact of dispositional mindfulness, self-compassion, and resilience in predicting depression, anxiety, stress, and life satisfaction in a sample of racially minoritized adults. This study is a cross-sectional analysis of 169 participants (37.3% female and 62.7% male) between the ages of 18 and 64 (M = 37.05; SD = 11.94). Separate hierarchical multiple regression models examined the relative influence of mindfulness facets (acting with awareness (AA); nonjudging of inner experience (NJ), and nonreactivity of inner experience (NR)), self-compassion, and resilience in predicting depression, anxiety, stress, and life satisfaction. Self-compassion, resilience, AA, and NR predicted depression; self-compassion, resilience, and NR predicted anxiety; self-compassion, resilience, and NR predicted stress; and self-compassion predicted satisfaction with life. Self-compassion, resilience, AA, NJ, and NR differentially predicted depression, anxiety, stress, and life satisfaction; however, only self-compassion consistently predicted all outcomes. Future research may incorporate an intersectional methodology and account for differences among different racially minoritized groups.

Drawing upon implicit leadership theories (ILTs), this research argues that the trustworthiness factors of leaders perceived by subordinates may vary with hierarchical levels of leaders. Based on this argument, a scenario simulation study (220 participants), an experimental study (562 participants), and an empirical survey (193 samples) were conducted. The findings show that subordinates are more concerned with the emotional stability, extraversion, agreeableness, and benevolence-related trustworthiness factors of low-level leaders and with the ability-related trustworthiness of high-level leaders; and leaders' integrity is the most crucial factor in trustworthiness for upward trust, while there were no obvious significant differences among different leader levels. This study contributes to the literature on trust in leadership and various ILTs and has human resource management implications.

The association between childhood maltreatment and self-conscious emotions has been proven by the literature, but with limited attention to the specific moderating mechanisms involved. Highly sensitive individuals show emotional reactivity, ease of overstimulation, which make them more influenced by childhood maltreatment experiences. The study aims to test whether environmental sensitivity moderated the link between childhood maltreatment and self-conscious emotions of shame and guilt. The sample included 128 children referred for Oppositional Defiant Disorder (M age = 9.05; SD = 1.34). Results showed a significant interaction between maltreatment and environmental sensitivity on guilt and shame (B = 1.81, SE = .84, p < .05; B = 1.69, SE = .83, p < .05): highly sensitive children presented higher levels of shame and guilt following experiences of maltreatment as compared to low sensitive children. These findings may contribute to the literature on the role of environmental sensitivity as an individual trait moderating the effect of a contextual experience.

Researchers and practitioners have largely recognized the importance of human resource management in addressing the growing trend of workforce diversity to improve employee well-being. However, empirical research on inclusive human resource management (IHRM) remains scarce. Drawing on the conservation of resources theory and the person-environment fit framework, the current study constructs a moderated dual-mediation model to explore how IHRM influences employee well-being through ambidextrous fit (i.e., supplementary fit and complementary fit) and further examine the moderating role of affective leadership. Using three-wave data from 382 employees through the questionnaire survey, the empirical findings indicate that IHRM positively affects employee well-being and that this linkage is mediated by supplementary fit and complementary fit. In addition, we find that affective leadership strengthens the positive influences of IHRM on employee well-being, supplementary fit, and complementary fit as well as the indirect effect of IHRM on employee well-being through ambidextrous fit. We discuss some theoretical and practical implications of our findings and provide research directions.