Resources Conservation and Recycling最新文献_第6页

Integrated multi-sectoral approach for planning of carbon capture and storage projects 规划碳捕获和封存项目的综合多部门办法

IF 10.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108785

Huizhong Zhang , Tianyuan Zhou , Siqi Wang , Zhiwei Li , Raymond R. Tan , Xiaoping Jia , Fang Wang

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) will play an important role in achieving carbon neutrality. In the deployment of CCS, it is important to identify an optimal network to allocate CO₂ between CO₂ sources and sinks. However, research on source-sink matching has been limited mostly to mathematical programming approaches with inherently limited interpretability to plan CCS involving different emission sectors and different storage reservoirs. Alternative techniques that may offer some interpretability advantages have not been explored as thoroughly. To address this research gap, this study introduces an integrated framework that synergistically combines Carbon Storage Composite Curves (CSCC) with Orthogonal Experimental Design (OED). This CSCC-OED framework is designed for the interpretable, multi-sectoral optimization of CCS infrastructure planning. It could coordinate the dynamic matching of CO₂ source-sink over a multi-decade planning horizon, while addressing constraints of storage capacity, operational timelines, and reservoir availability. The CSCC framework quantifies three critical metrics: additional storage requirement, total storage capacity, and excess capacity. Finally, global sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the effect of parameters on the CCS deployment based on the deployment factors identified by OED method. Results of the case study indicate that the start time of CO₂ reservoir is the most statistically significant factor. 10 Gt of CO₂ could be stored via three reservoirs commencing operation in 2025, which contributes to 81.63% of the sectoral emission reduction target. Furthermore, scenarios involving policy-, technology-, and economy-driven CCS pathways are analyzed. This work establishes a systematic decision-support tool for CCS infrastructure planning, emphasizing the criticality of coordinated multi-sectoral strategies and early reservoir deployment to meet carbon neutrality goals.

碳捕集与封存（CCS）将在实现碳中和方面发挥重要作用。在CCS的部署中，确定一个在CO2源和汇之间分配CO2的最佳网络是很重要的。然而，源汇匹配的研究大多局限于数学规划方法，在规划涉及不同排放部门和不同储层的CCS时，其可解释性本身就有限。可能提供一些可解释性优势的替代技术尚未得到彻底的探索。为了解决这一研究空白，本研究引入了一个综合框架，将碳储存复合曲线（CSCC）与正交实验设计（OED）协同结合。这个CSCC-OED框架是为可解释的、多部门的CCS基础设施规划优化而设计的。它可以在几十年的规划范围内协调CO₂源-汇的动态匹配，同时解决存储容量、运行时间表和水库可用性的限制。CSCC框架量化了三个关键指标：额外存储需求、总存储容量和过剩容量。最后，基于OED方法确定的CCS部署因素，进行全局敏感性分析，研究参数对CCS部署的影响。实例分析结果表明，CO2储层启动时间是最具统计学意义的影响因素。2025年开始运行的三个水库可储存10亿吨二氧化碳，这对行业减排目标的贡献为81.63%。此外，还分析了涉及政策、技术和经济驱动的CCS路径的情景。这项工作为CCS基础设施规划建立了一个系统的决策支持工具，强调了协调多部门战略和早期水库部署以实现碳中和目标的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Old is gold? Vehicle maintenance material demand of lifetime extension: dynamic stock modelling 老就是金？延长车辆维修材料使用寿命的需求：动态库存建模

IF 10.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108752

Luja von Köckritz , Oreane Edelenbosch , Sebastiaan Deetman , Frederike Arp , Roel Brouwer , Raoul Schram , Marianne Zanon-Zotin , Detlef van Vuuren

Transport vehicles are a major driver of global material extraction, making their material needs central to circular economy strategies. Yet few studies address the material implications of maintenance, leaving the link between vehicle lifetime extension and maintenance poorly quantified. Using a new global, stock-driven model, IMAGE Materials, coupled to the IMAGE integrated assessment model, we link material demand to transport services and account for scheduled maintenance for land-based transport. Results show that maintenance adds ∼30 % of material demand for road vehicles and up to 100 % for high-speed rail. Maintenance flows for road modes are rubber-intensive, while rail requires steel. Still, lifetime extension leads to a net reduction in total material demand of ∼16 % (95.8 Mt) in 2100, but increased maintenance partly offsets these savings, adding 69.5 Mt with age-related or 29.3 Mt with age-capped maintenance material growth. These findings highlight maintenance as a structural component of vehicle material demand, requiring complementary policies like standards and repair incentives.

运输车辆是全球材料开采的主要驱动力，使其材料需求成为循环经济战略的核心。然而，很少有研究涉及维修的物质影响，使得车辆寿命延长和维修之间的联系难以量化。我们使用新的全球库存驱动模型IMAGE Materials与IMAGE综合评估模型相结合，将材料需求与运输服务联系起来，并考虑陆基运输的定期维护。结果表明，维护增加了公路车辆材料需求的30%，高速铁路增加了100%。公路模式的维护流程是橡胶密集型的，而铁路需要钢铁。尽管如此，寿命延长导致2100年总材料需求净减少约16%（9580万吨），但维护费用的增加部分抵消了这些节省，与年龄相关的维护材料增长增加了6950万吨，或与年龄限制的维护材料增长增加了2930万吨。这些发现强调，维修是汽车材料需求的一个结构性组成部分，需要标准和维修奖励等配套政策。

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引用次数: 0

Carbon footprint of a traditional Chinese distilled spirit (Baijiu) with high-resolution supply-chain mapping 中国传统蒸馏酒（白酒）的碳足迹与高分辨率供应链地图

IF 10.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108790

Hao Lu , Yisen Qian , Lyujun Chen , Wei Zhou , Kun Yan , Tianshu Ji , Yongtao Tang , Jinping Tian

The global alcoholic beverage industry contributes significantly to global carbon emissions, releasing approximately 1.5 billion tonnes of CO₂-equivalent in 2021. China, as the world’s largest producer and consumer of distilled spirits, faces sustainability challenges due to the high carbon intensity of its baijiu industry. However, current research lacks detailed, high-resolution CF assessment for traditional baijiu products. This study develops a “12987 sauce-flavor baijiu CF model” using over 1,700 primary data points from a representative distillery producing 60,000 tonnes baijiu annually. The model includes 23 sub-modules covering the full cradle-to-gate life cycle. Results show a CF of 6,816 g CO₂-eq per 500 mL bottle, with crop cultivation, packaging process, and natural gas-based distillation, accounting for nearly 86% of total emissions. Targeted carbon reduction strategies are proposed for production and packaging stages. These findings provide actionable insights to support sustainable low-carbon transition in the baijiu sector and broader global spirits industry.

全球酒精饮料行业对全球碳排放的贡献很大，在2021年释放了约15亿吨二氧化碳当量。中国作为世界上最大的蒸馏酒生产国和消费国，由于白酒行业的高碳强度，面临着可持续发展的挑战。然而，目前的研究缺乏对传统白酒产品详细、高分辨率的CF评估。本研究利用一家年产6万吨白酒的代表性酒厂的1700多个数据点，建立了“12987酱味白酒CF模型”。该模型包括23个子模块，涵盖了从摇篮到闸门的整个生命周期。结果表明，每500ml瓶的CF为6,816 g CO₂-eq，其中作物种植，包装过程和天然气蒸馏占总排放量的近86%。针对生产和包装阶段提出了有针对性的碳减排策略。这些发现为支持白酒行业和更广泛的全球烈酒行业的可持续低碳转型提供了可行的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Urban mining of REEs from wastewater treatment plant ash: Process optimization of inorganic acid leaching 城市从污水处理厂灰中开采稀土：无机酸浸工艺优化

IF 10.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108799

A. Bringas, R. Ibañez, Ma.-F. San-Román

This study investigates the leaching of rare earth elements (REEs) from a novel secondary source, incineration ash of urban wastewater treatment plants. Hydrochloric, nitric, and sulfuric acid were selected as leaching agents. The optimal leaching conditions were determined from Central Composite Design (CCD), evaluating acid concentration, temperature, liquid-to-solid ratio, and H₂O₂ concentration. The findings suggest that HCl and HNO₃ achieved almost complete leaching of REEs, concentrations in the leachate ranging from 0.5 to 5.0 mg L⁻¹. Sulfuric acid showed lower efficiency. The optimal conditions for HCl and HNO₃ included a temperature of 85 °C, acid concentrations of 3.1 M and 5.1 M respectively, and liquid-to-solid ratio 6.0 mL g⁻¹. Under these conditions, leaching yields reached up to 100% for target REEs Nd, Pr, Gd, Tb, and Dy. As demonstrated, the potential of UWWTP ash as REEs secondary source, is highlighted, contributing to sustainable urban mining practices.

本文研究了稀土元素（ree）从城市污水处理厂的焚烧灰这一新的二次来源中浸出。选择盐酸、硝酸和硫酸作为浸出剂。通过中心复合设计（CCD），综合考虑酸浓度、温度、液固比和H₂O₂浓度，确定了最佳浸出条件。研究结果表明，HCl和HNO₃几乎完全浸出了稀土元素，浸出液中的浓度在0.5到5.0 mg L - 1之间。硫酸的效率较低。配制HCl和HNO₃的最佳条件为：温度85℃，酸浓度分别为3.1 M和5.1 M，液固比为6.0 mL g⁻¹。在这些条件下，目标稀土Nd、Pr、Gd、Tb和Dy的浸出率高达100%。如上所示，UWWTP灰作为稀土二次源的潜力被强调，有助于可持续的城市采矿实践。

引用次数: 0

Circular Economy can substantially reduce EU steel supply chain emissions: A quality-focused circularity assessment 循环经济可以大幅减少欧盟钢铁供应链排放：以质量为中心的循环评估

IF 10.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108825

Aymara Wagner , José M. Mogollón , Paola Federica Albizzati , Anna Walker , Arnold Tukker , Davide Tonini

Steel is strategically important for the European Union. Yet, the steel system majorly contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and resource use, which can potentially be mitigated through increased circularity. Circularity, however, is constrained by a growing surplus of low-quality steel scrap, contaminated with tramp elements. This study uses Material Flow Analysis and Life Cycle Assessment to investigate the potential of ambitious circularity measures and climate-compliant energy targets to cut emissions and conserve resources across the European Union’s steel supply chain, while addressing steel quality challenges. Results show that circularity strategies complement each other, reducing production quantities and increasing recycled content. An ambitious circular steel supply chain combined with an energy transition can decrease greenhouse gas emissions by 69%–75% compared to 2020 and can comprise up to 94% recycled steel by 2050. The findings highlight circularity’s key role in meeting global net-zero climate targets, while simultaneously increasing resource independence.

钢铁对欧盟具有重要的战略意义。然而，钢铁系统主要导致温室气体排放和资源使用，这可以通过增加循环来缓解。然而，受不稳定元素污染的低质量废钢日益过剩，限制了钢材的循环利用率。本研究使用物料流分析和生命周期评估来调查雄心勃勃的循环措施和符合气候的能源目标的潜力，以减少排放和节约整个欧盟钢铁供应链的资源，同时应对钢铁质量挑战。结果表明，循环策略相互补充，减少生产数量和增加回收含量。与2020年相比，一个雄心勃勃的循环钢铁供应链与能源转型相结合，可以减少69%-75%的温室气体排放，到2050年可实现高达94%的再生钢铁。研究结果强调了循环在实现全球净零气候目标，同时提高资源独立性方面的关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Quantifying energy consumption variability in injection molding: A meta-regression analysis 量化能源消耗可变性注射成型：一个元回归分析

IF 10.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108730

Cole Van Emburg , Hao Chen , Srikanth Pilla , Gang Li , Michael Carbajales-Dale

Injection molding dominates global thermoplastic production, making its energy performance critical to sustainability assessments. Specific energy consumption (SEC, kWh/kg) is a key metric for comparing manufacturing efficiency and is widely used in decision-support tools such as life cycle assessment (LCA). However, for injection molding, SEC is often represented by a single generic value, with limited consideration of variability across material types, process parameters, and system configurations, potentially compromising the robustness of LCA results. Here, we conduct a meta-analysis of 160 energy-use data points from 15 peer-reviewed studies, spanning 20 material types and three machine types. We find a mean SEC of 3.13 kWh/kg, which is 2 to 2.5 times higher than default values in commonly used databases, and observe that acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) exhibits a distinct high-SEC cluster. A mixed-effects meta-regression further identifies material theoretical heat energy, machine type, and injection utilization as the primary drivers of variability, collectively explaining 74.2 % of the observed variance. Selecting polymers with low theoretical heat energy and maximizing injection utilization can reduce SEC by up to 50 % across machine types. This study provides a data-driven model to improve LCA accuracy and guide energy-efficiency strategies in sustainable materials manufacturing.

注塑成型在全球热塑性塑料生产中占主导地位，使其能源性能对可持续发展评估至关重要。比能耗（SEC, kWh/kg）是比较制造效率的关键指标，广泛用于生命周期评估（LCA）等决策支持工具。然而，对于注塑成型，SEC通常由单一的通用值表示，对材料类型、工艺参数和系统配置的可变性考虑有限，这可能会损害LCA结果的稳健性。在这里，我们对来自15项同行评审研究的160个能源使用数据点进行了荟萃分析，涉及20种材料类型和3种机器类型。我们发现平均SEC为3.13 kWh/kg，比常用数据库的默认值高2至2.5倍，并且观察到丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯（ABS）表现出明显的高SEC簇。混合效应元回归进一步确定了材料理论热能、机器类型和注入利用率是可变性的主要驱动因素，共同解释了观察到的74.2%的方差。选择具有较低理论热能的聚合物并最大限度地提高注射利用率，可以在各种机器类型中减少高达50%的SEC。本研究提供了一个数据驱动的模型，以提高LCA的准确性和指导可持续材料制造的能源效率策略。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Carbon sink potential and contributions to dual carbon goals of the grain for green program in the arid regions of Northwest China” [Resources, Conservation & Recycling 220 (2025) 108355/j.resconrec.2025.108355] 西北干旱区退耕还林工程碳汇潜力及其对双碳目标的贡献[j] .资源涵养与循环利用220 (2025)108355/j.r recrec.2025 .108355]

IF 10.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108714

Jingye Yang , Chuanglin Fang , Lifang Zhang , Yulu Yang

引用次数: 0

Discover how interprovincial electricity transmission policies on transforming the regional variations in grid emission factors in China 探索省际输电政策如何改变中国电网排放因子的区域差异

IF 10.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108773

Boda Xin , Yiyun Yu , Meiyi Li , Yiming Gu , Yahui Zhang , Junfeng Wang

Interprovincial electricity transmission is vital for decarbonizing China's power system, yet its impact on Grid Emission Factors (GEFs) remains underexplored. This study employs the Medium-to-Long-Term Provincial Grid Emission Factor Model (MLGEFM) to simulate provincial GEFs and carbon trajectories from 2020 to 2035 under four transmission scenarios. Results reveal significant national decarbonization, with the average GEF falling from 0.559 to 0.320 tCO₂/MWh by 2035 under the Emission Targeted Scenario (ETS). However, transmission mechanisms exert heterogeneous regional impacts. While scale expansion reduces GEFs in central and southern China (e.g., -20.0% in Henan), it inadvertently raises GEFs in north and east China (e.g., +24.7% in Beijing). In contrast, structural optimization under ETS further reduces GEFs by 7.6% in Beijing and 13.1% in Shanghai. Although all scenarios achieve a national carbon peak around 2030, ETS achieves the optimal trajectory with a lower peak magnitude and steeper decline.

省际电力传输对中国电力系统的脱碳至关重要，但其对电网排放因子的影响仍未得到充分探讨。本文采用中长期省级电网排放因子模型（MLGEFM），模拟了2020 - 2035年四种输电情景下的省级电网排放因子和碳排放轨迹。结果显示，在排放目标情景（ETS）下，到2035年，全国平均GEF从0.559下降到0.320 tCO₂/MWh。然而，传播机制具有异质性的区域影响。虽然规模扩张降低了中国中部和南部的全球环境融资（例如，河南-20.0%），但它无意中提高了中国北部和东部的全球环境融资（例如，北京+24.7%）。相比之下，碳排放交易体系下的结构优化进一步减少了北京7.6%和上海13.1%的全球环境基金。尽管所有情景都在2030年左右达到全国碳排放峰值，但ETS实现了峰值幅度更小、下降幅度更大的最佳轨迹。

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引用次数: 0

Real-time plastic waste segmentation for sustainable resource recovery in construction 实时塑料垃圾分割，实现建筑资源的可持续回收

IF 10.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108719

Iman Ranjbar , Yiannis Ventikos , Mehrdad Arashpour

The construction and demolition (C&D) sector is a major contributor to Australia’s total waste, with reports indicating continuous annual growth. Among this waste, end-of-life plastic represents a valuable recyclable material with significant recovery potential. However, effective separation of plastic waste remains a challenge due to the highly cluttered and heterogeneous nature of C&D waste. This study focuses on the detection and segmentation of C&D plastic waste using advanced instance segmentation models to enable efficient waste sorting and recycling. A large, specialised dataset is curated, capturing the complex and very often deformed nature of C&D plastic waste across seven key categories: buckets, cables, drums, insulation, liquid containers, pipes, and PVC profiles. The dataset features a high density of objects per image, ensuring robust model training and generalisation in real-world scenarios. State-of-the-art instance segmentation models, including FastInst, RTMDet-Ins, YOLOv9, and YOLOv11, are trained and evaluated on this dataset. Among these, YOLOv11 demonstrated the highest performance, achieving a mean Average Precision (mAP) of 51.3 while maintaining a real-time inference speed of 89 frames per second (FPS). A systematic analysis of the models’ strengths and limitations is provided, highlighting challenges associated with segmenting highly cluttered and overlapping objects. Additionally, EigenCAM visualisations are used to interpret the model’s decision-making process. The findings demonstrate that the proposed models achieve accurate segmentation of C&D plastic waste, contributing to improved resource recovery and the advancement of a circular economy within the construction industry.

建筑和拆除（C&；D）部门是澳大利亚总垃圾的主要贡献者，报告显示每年持续增长。在这些废物中，报废塑料是一种有价值的可回收材料，具有显著的回收潜力。然而，由于塑料废物的高度杂乱和异质性，有效分离塑料废物仍然是一个挑战。本研究的重点是使用先进的实例分割模型对C&；D塑料垃圾进行检测和分割，以实现高效的垃圾分类和回收。一个大型的、专门的数据集，收集了七个关键类别的C&；D塑料废物的复杂和经常变形的性质：桶、电缆、桶、绝缘、液体容器、管道和PVC型材。该数据集的特点是每张图像的物体密度很高，确保了现实世界场景中鲁棒的模型训练和泛化。最先进的实例分割模型，包括FastInst， RTMDet-Ins， YOLOv9和YOLOv11，在此数据集上进行训练和评估。其中，YOLOv11表现出了最高的性能，实现了51.3的平均精度（mAP），同时保持了89帧每秒（FPS）的实时推理速度。对模型的优势和局限性进行了系统的分析，强调了与分割高度混乱和重叠对象相关的挑战。此外，EigenCAM可视化用于解释模型的决策过程。研究结果表明，所提出的模型实现了对塑料垃圾的准确分割，有助于提高资源回收率，促进建筑行业循环经济的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Material flow analysis of plastics in Australia: Towards a circular economy of polymers 澳大利亚塑料材料流分析：迈向聚合物的循环经济

IF 10.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108718

Nargessadat Emami , Quoc Anh Nguyen , Alessio Miatto , Jacob Fry , Mohammad Sadegh Taskhiri , Mengyu Li , Manfred Lenzen , Deborah Lau , Heinz Schandl

Plastic is a critical material in Australia, widely used across industries for its versatility and cost-effectiveness. However, the growing volume of plastic waste, amounting to 3201 kt in 2020–21, poses significant environmental challenges. Only 13 % of plastic waste was recycled, while 81 % was sent to landfill, 1 % energy recovery and 5 % exported. This study examines the lifecycle of plastics in Australia, including production, consumption, waste generation, and recycling practices. Employing Material Flow Analysis (MFA) combined with Environmentally Extended Input-Output (EEIO) analysis, we trace the flows of major plastic types, identify systemic inefficiencies and reginal disparities in recycling. Results show that 77 % of the 1280 kt of virgin polymers consumed were imported, with polyethylene (HDPE and LDPE) being the most common type, followed by PVC and PP. The manufacturing and construction sectors together account for 84 % of total plastic consumption. Regional patterns vary considerably. New South Wales and Victoria report the highest plastic use, reflecting population size, while recycling rates differ widely. South Australia achieves a 20 % recycling rate, whereas the Australian Capital Territory recycles only 0.1 % locally due to the absence of recycling facilities. Of the total plastic waste recycled, 46 % was reprocessed domestically, and the remainder exported, highlighting gaps in local recycling infrastructure. These findings underscore the urgent need to improve Australia’s recycling capacity and practices. Strengthening domestic infrastructure is essential for mitigating environmental impacts and advancing towards a circular economy of plastics.

塑料在澳大利亚是一种重要的材料，因其多功能性和成本效益被广泛应用于各个行业。然而，不断增长的塑料废物量（2020-21年将达到3201万吨）构成了重大的环境挑战。只有13%的塑料垃圾被回收利用，81%被送往垃圾填埋场，1%被用于能源回收，5%被出口。本研究考察了澳大利亚塑料的生命周期，包括生产、消费、废物产生和回收实践。采用物料流分析（MFA）结合环境延伸投入产出（EEIO）分析，我们追踪了主要塑料类型的流动，确定了回收方面的系统性低效率和区域差异。结果表明，在消费的1280 kt原生聚合物中，77%是进口的，其中聚乙烯（HDPE和LDPE）是最常见的类型，其次是PVC和PP。制造业和建筑业合计占塑料总消费量的84%。区域模式差异很大。新南威尔士州和维多利亚州的塑料使用量最高，反映了人口规模，而回收率差异很大。南澳大利亚达到了20%的回收率，而澳大利亚首都地区由于缺乏回收设施，当地的回收率仅为0.1%。在回收的塑料废物总量中，46%在国内进行再加工，其余的用于出口，这凸显了当地回收基础设施的差距。这些发现强调了提高澳大利亚回收能力和做法的迫切需要。加强国内基础设施对于减轻环境影响和推进塑料循环经济至关重要。

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引用次数: 0