Resources Conservation and Recycling最新文献

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Electrical and electronic equipment repair in a circular economy: Investigating consumer behaviour in Hong Kong 循环经济下的电器及电子设备维修：香港消费者行为调查

IF 11.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.108036

Soe Oo May, Benjamin Steuer

The circular practice of repair extends the lifetime of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) and thus decreases their environmental impact. This investigation centres on Hong Kong, which features a high per-capita consumption of electronics, and explores what factors drive consumer behaviour intention to repair EEE. In terms of materials, a Likert-scaled questionnaire survey was conducted among Hong Kong consumers (n = 609). This data was treated via an extended model of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) incorporating the factors ‘awareness of consequences’, ‘environmental concern ‘and ‘policy concern’. The extended TPB model features a strong predictive power (54 %) for behavioural intention to repair, on which environmental concern (β = 0.473***) and perceived behavioural control (β = 0.224***) had the strongest influence. Policy concern (β = 0.068ns), however, turned out to be statistically insignificant. This provides critical insights on the factors that policy and research need to further explore for strengthening circular economic consumer behaviour in Hong Kong.

维修的循环实践延长了电气和电子设备（EEE）的使用寿命，从而减少了它们对环境的影响。本调查以人均电子产品消费较高的香港为中心，探讨影响消费者维修电子电气设备行为意向的因素。在材料方面，采用李克特量表对香港消费者进行问卷调查（n = 609）。这些数据是通过计划行为理论（TPB）的扩展模型处理的，该模型结合了“后果意识”、“环境关注”和“政策关注”等因素。扩展TPB模型对修复行为意愿具有较强的预测能力（54%），其中环境关注（β = 0.473***）和感知行为控制（β = 0.224***）的影响最大。然而，政策关注（β = 0.068ns）在统计上不显著。这为加强香港循环经济消费者行为的政策和研究提供了重要的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Phenol production from pyrolysis of waste printed circuit boards: life cycle and techno-economic assessment 废印刷电路板热解制苯酚：生命周期和技术经济评价

IF 11.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.108019

Eric Schwartz , Haoyang He , Oladele A. Ogunseitan , Julie M. Schoenung

Waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) are a target for urban mining operations due to the abundance of valuable metals in this waste stream and the large quantities generated annually. While metals are conventionally the focus of materials recovery efforts, organic materials can also be recovered, typically by pyrolysis. In this study, we define a hypothetical yet realistic process, derived from existing literature, for the pyrolysis of waste PCBs to produce pyrolysis oil, followed by purification to produce phenol. We use life cycle assessment to evaluate the environmental impact of the secondary phenol production process and compare it to primary phenol production from crude oil, both assuming industrial-scale processes. We also study the potential profitability of secondary phenol production through techno-economic assessment, considering market volatility for phenol. We hope that the clear environmental benefits associated with producing phenol from waste PCB pyrolysis and potential profitability will motivate future experimental studies to refine process details for industrial application.

废弃印刷电路板（pcb）是城市采矿作业的目标，因为这种废物流中含有丰富的贵重金属，而且每年产生的数量很大。虽然金属通常是材料回收工作的重点，但有机材料也可以回收，通常是通过热解。在本研究中，我们根据现有文献定义了一个假设但现实的过程，即废弃多氯联苯热解产生热解油，然后净化产生苯酚。我们使用生命周期评估来评估二次苯酚生产过程的环境影响，并将其与原油一次苯酚生产过程进行比较，两者都假设工业规模的过程。考虑到苯酚的市场波动，我们还通过技术经济评估研究了二次苯酚生产的潜在盈利能力。我们希望从废弃PCB热解中产生苯酚的明确环境效益和潜在的盈利能力将激励未来的实验研究，以完善工业应用的工艺细节。

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引用次数: 0

How does digitalization affect carbon emissions in animal husbandry? A new evidence from China 数字化如何影响畜牧业的碳排放？来自中国的新证据

IF 11.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2024-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.108040

Dawei He , Xiangzheng Deng , Yunxiao Gao , Xinsheng Wang

Digital development has provided new solutions for emission reduction and is essential to promote sustainable development of animal husbandry. This study uses panel regression model, threshold effect model, and mediating effect model to empirically analyze the impact of digitalization on carbon emission intensity (CEI). The results show that digitalization, especially the development of digital finance and digital industries, significantly reduces CEI of animal husbandry. Economic development produces a single threshold effect with a threshold of -0.321 and industrial specialization produces a double threshold effect with thresholds of 0.455 and 0.592 in the emission reduction effect of digitalization. digitalization reduces CEI through two paths: improving total factor productivity and promoting technological innovation. The inhibitory effect of digitalization on CEI shows distinct heterogeneity. The key to low-carbon development of animal husbandry lies in optimizing factor inputs, promoting technological innovation and guiding the balanced development of digital technology.

数字化发展为减排提供了新的解决方案，对促进畜牧业可持续发展至关重要。本研究采用面板回归模型、阈值效应模型和中介效应模型实证分析数字化对碳排放强度（CEI）的影响。结果表明，数字化，特别是数字金融和数字产业的发展，显著降低了畜牧业的CEI。在数字化减排效应中，经济发展产生单门槛效应，门槛值为-0.321，产业专业化产生双门槛效应，门槛值为0.455和0.592。数字化通过提高全要素生产率和促进技术创新两种途径降低CEI。数字化对CEI的抑制作用表现出明显的异质性。畜牧业低碳发展的关键在于优化要素投入，推动技术创新，引导数字技术均衡发展。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic assessment of photovoltaic waste streams in the EU-27 countries under the circular economy principles of ‘Reduce, Reuse and Recycle’ 欧盟27国在“减量化、再利用和再循环”循环经济原则下的光伏废弃物流动态评估

IF 11.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.108033

Eleni Kastanaki

As the European Union (EU) has increased its targets for renewable energy development to 42.5 % by 2030, a much larger amount of photovoltaic (PV) waste is expected, that needs to be managed efficiently under circular economy (CE) strategies. This work provides quantitative estimations of PV waste flows under the CE paradigm of "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle". ‘Reduction’ is regarded by the changing composition of modules. The ‘Reuse’ stream only includes panels requiring ‘very light’ repair. Recycling is estimated under 2 scenarios, with and without reuse flow. A dynamic material flow analysis under three lifetime scenarios and a dynamic share of technologies is considered. By 2050, 21-35 MT will accumulate. If all waste is diverted to recycling, the gross value of recovered materials will reach €32-47 billion by 2050. As the EU intends to boost PV manufacturing by 2030, the materials amassed can cover a significant part of the required resources.

随着欧盟（EU）将其可再生能源发展目标提高到2030年的42.5%，预计将有更多的光伏（PV）废物，需要在循环经济（CE）战略下进行有效管理。这项工作提供了“减少，再利用，再循环”的CE范式下光伏废物流的定量估计。“减少”是通过改变模块的组成来考虑的。“重用”流程只包括需要“非常轻”修复的面板。回收估计在两种情况下，有和没有再利用流程。考虑了三种寿命情景下的动态物料流分析和动态技术份额。到2050年，将累积21-35亿吨。如果所有废物都被转移到回收利用，到2050年，回收材料的总价值将达到320亿至470亿欧元。由于欧盟计划到2030年推动光伏制造业，积累的材料可以满足所需资源的很大一部分。

引用次数: 0

Food-driven transformation of nitrogen fluxes with urbanization in China 中国城市化进程中食物驱动的氮通量转换

IF 11.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.108034

Ouping Deng , Jiale Wei , Jinglan Cui , Shuai Huang , Luxi Cheng , Rong Huang , Baojing Gu

Urbanization shifts populations from rural to urban areas, altering food consumption and production patterns, which impacts nitrogen cycles. However, the contributions of urbanization to nitrogen flux dynamics remain insufficiently understood. This study analyzes nitrogen flux changes in China from 1990 to 2020 using data from the National Bureau of Statistics and Agricultural Pollution Censuses, alongside CHANS models. Results show that rising food demand has driven a 75 % increase in fertilizer use and a 132 % rise in nitrogen pollution, with urbanization adding 1.4 million tonnes of nitrogen emissions. By 2050, urban food consumption is projected to rise by 48 %, driving a 45 % increase in nitrogen pollution. Applying multiple measures can reduce nitrogen consumption and losses, with rural areas offering greater reduction potential than urban areas, highlighting the need for targeted nitrogen management to address urbanization's environmental impacts effectively.

城市化将人口从农村转移到城市地区，改变了粮食消费和生产模式，从而影响了氮循环。然而，城市化对氮通量动力学的贡献仍未得到充分认识。本研究利用国家统计局和农业污染普查的数据，结合CHANS模型，分析了1990 - 2020年中国氮通量的变化。结果表明，不断增长的粮食需求导致化肥使用量增加了75%，氮污染增加了132%，城市化增加了140万吨氮排放。到2050年，城市食品消费预计将增长48%，导致氮污染增加45%。采取多种措施可以减少氮的消耗和损失，农村地区比城市地区具有更大的减排潜力，因此需要有针对性的氮管理，以有效解决城市化对环境的影响。

引用次数: 0

Compressive strength and regional supply implications of rice straw and rice hull ashes used as supplementary cementitious materials 稻秆和稻壳灰作为补充胶凝材料的抗压强度和区域供应意义

IF 11.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.108024

Patrick R. Cunningham , Li Wang , Somayeh Nassiri , Peter Thy , John T. Harvey , Bryan M. Jenkins , Sabbie A. Miller

Substituting Portland cement (PC) with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) is a key strategy for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Considering alternative SCMs requires a holistic understanding of changes to material performance, emissions reduction potential, and regional availability. Four rice hull ashes (RHAs) and one rice straw ash (RSA) were evaluated to replace PC in mortars (10% untreated ash and 30% blast furnace slag; 15% untreated ash; or 15% milled ash). The 28-day compressive strengths with 0.59 water-to-binder ratio for fly-RHAs (38.0–49.8 MPa) and RSA (37.7 - 44.1 MPa) did not vary significantly from the PC control (43.2 MPa) based on an ANOVA. Modeling rice biomass generation in six U.S. states shows RSA could triple the supply of rice-biomass ash, but in states with substantial PC demand, i.e., California and Texas, the potential GHG reduction may remain small (∼1–2%). RSA and RHA may hold promise in lowering concrete GHG emissions.

用补充胶凝材料（SCMs）替代硅酸盐水泥（PC）是减少温室气体（GHG）排放的关键策略。考虑替代scm需要全面了解材料性能、减排潜力和区域可用性的变化。研究了四种稻壳灰（RHAs）和一种稻秆灰（RSA）替代砂浆中的PC(10%未经处理的灰和30%高炉渣；15%未经处理的灰分；或15%磨灰)。基于方差分析，在水胶比为0.59时，果蝇rhas （38.0-49.8 MPa）和RSA （37.7 - 44.1 MPa）的28天抗压强度与PC对照组（43.2 MPa）没有显著差异。对美国六个州的水稻生物质生产进行建模显示，RSA可以使水稻生物质灰的供应量增加三倍，但在PC需求较大的州，即加利福尼亚州和德克萨斯州，潜在的温室气体减排可能仍然很小（约1-2%）。RSA和RHA可能有望降低混凝土温室气体排放。

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引用次数: 0

Quantitative analysis to identify circular economy concepts incorporated in Indian policy documents regulating waste management by the Indian Healthcare sector 进行定量分析，以确定印度卫生保健部门管理废物管理的政策文件中纳入的循环经济概念

IF 11.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.108037

Sanchayan Nath , Arya A Pillai , Aswin Ram , A.N Gayathri , N Viswanath , Purusotham Tanjeri , R Anuradha , R Arulprasad

There is limited clarity on whether policy regimes for managing waste in the healthcare sector are designed for circularity. Systematic evaluation of policy instruments is largely unavailable. How circular is India's policy regime on managing healthcare waste? Using an innovative analytical approach based on the 6Rs of circularity and the principles of BS8001:2017, this research question is answered by quantitatively analysing 41 policy instruments associated with the policy regime on managing healthcare waste in India. Content analysis reveals that the policy regime for managing healthcare waste in India is linear – the regime needs to be dramatically rehauled to ensure circularity. Only about 3 to 5 % of circular economy-related codes could be identified in the policy instruments studied by this article. Transitioning to more integrated, holistic, and systems-oriented circular economic practices will, therefore, require a paradigm shift in thinking.

关于医疗保健部门管理废物的政策制度是否为循环而设计，目前尚不明确。对政策手段的系统评价在很大程度上是不可能的。印度管理医疗废物的政策制度是如何循环的？采用基于循环6r和BS8001:2017原则的创新分析方法，通过定量分析与印度管理医疗废物政策制度相关的41项政策工具，回答了这一研究问题。内容分析表明，印度管理医疗废物的政策制度是线性的——该制度需要大幅调整，以确保循环。在本文研究的政策工具中，只有约3%至5%的循环经济相关代码可以被识别出来。因此，向更综合、更全面、更以系统为导向的循环经济实践过渡，需要思维模式的转变。

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引用次数: 0

Environmental-social-economic synergy of China's investment on BRI countries 中国对“一带一路”沿线国家投资的环境、社会、经济协同效应

IF 11.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.108039

Zhiying Yang , Zhaohua Wang , Heran Zheng , Kailan Tian , Junnian Song , Shijun Ma , Jiajie Fan , Yuli Shan , Dongyang Zhang , Bin Zhang

China's substantial capital investments in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries spur significant economic growth but also lead to environmental pressures. Capital assets, vital as production intermediates, are treated as consumer goods in traditional accounting, overlooking their productive attributes. To bridge the gap, this study uses the flow matrix method to endogenize Chinese investment capital into a global input-output model. We found that China's investments in 120 BRI countries resulted in a 55 Mt carbon footprint, 2.8 % of these nations' global investment carbon footprint, while generating $78.16 billion in economic benefits and supporting 7.2 million jobs. Moreover, these investments significantly boosted local employment, with Chinese investment labor intensity (labor per emission unit) exceeding the global average. If China applied its domestic technical standards to overseas investments, the investment carbon footprint in these countries could drop by 15.4 % to 47.1 Mt, and value-added and labor intensity could increase by 16.7 %.

中国在“一带一路”倡议（BRI）国家的大量资本投资刺激了显著的经济增长，但也导致了环境压力。资本资产作为重要的生产中介，在传统会计中被视为消费品，忽视了它们的生产属性。为了弥补这一差距，本研究采用流动矩阵法将中国投资资本内化为全球投入产出模型。我们发现，中国在120个“一带一路”国家的投资产生了5500万吨碳足迹，占这些国家全球投资碳足迹的2.8%，同时创造了781.6亿美元的经济效益，并支持了720万个就业岗位。此外，这些投资显著促进了当地就业，中国的投资劳动强度（每排放单位的劳动）超过了全球平均水平。如果中国将其国内技术标准应用于海外投资，这些国家的投资碳足迹可下降15.4%至4710万吨，增值和劳动强度可提高16.7%。

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引用次数: 0

Life cycle assessment of beverage packaging in Thailand: Implications from modeling choices and alternative improvement policies 泰国饮料包装的生命周期评估：从建模选择和替代改进政策的含义

IF 11.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.108022

Parncheewa Kositcharoenkul , Apathorn Prempreeda , Phyo Zaw Oo , Aakriti Deuja , Sujitra Vassanadumrongdee , Shabbir H. Gheewala , Trakarn Prapaspongsa

Life Cycle Assessment of four important beverage packaging types in Thailand —aluminum cans, aseptic cartons, polyethylene terephthalate and glass bottles— applying a spatially differentiated life cycle impact assessment method is carried out to assess the environmental burdens and implications from modeling choices and alternative improvement policies. Packaging wastes are not recycled as high as the demand in Thailand; so the end-of-life recycling model is recommended for promoting recycling and mitigating packaging waste management issues. With the subsequent improvement in the recycling rates, increasing the usage of recycled materials becomes a crucial issue for the raw material acquisition and manufacturing phase, for which the recycled content model is recommended. Our findings recommend prioritizing policies for increasing both end-of-life recycling and recycled content to enhance the environmental sustainability of beverage packaging. Promotion of electrification in manufacturing is not recommended until the electricity is produced from renewable sources.

对泰国四种重要的饮料包装类型——铝罐、无菌纸盒、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和玻璃瓶——进行生命周期评估，应用空间差异化的生命周期影响评估方法，评估模型选择和替代改进政策的环境负担和影响。在泰国，包装废弃物的回收利用率没有需求那么高；因此，建议使用报废回收模式来促进回收和减轻包装废物管理问题。随着回收率的提高，增加回收材料的使用成为原材料获取和制造阶段的关键问题，为此推荐了回收含量模型。我们的研究结果建议优先制定政策，增加报废回收和回收内容，以提高饮料包装的环境可持续性。在电力来自可再生能源之前，不建议促进制造业的电气化。

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引用次数: 0

Spatiotemporal pattern of embodied carbon emissions from in-use steel stock in countries along the Belt and Road 一带一路 "沿线国家在用钢材内含碳排放量的时空格局

IF 11.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Resources Conservation and Recycling

Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.108038

Liang Zhong , Yongpeng Lin , Miao Yang , Yuanrong He , Xiaosheng Liu , Peng Yu , Zhiying Xie

Embodied carbon emissions (ECE) from in-use steel stocks (IUSS) are crucial for urban sustainability and climate goals, yet relevant spatiotemporal information is still lacking. This study employs multi-source spatiotemporal data to develop a dynamic estimation method, evaluating the spatiotemporal dynamics of IUSS-ECE across 67 countries along the Belt and Road (B&R) from 1992 to 2020. The results indicate that a significant increase in IUSS in the B&R region led to a 24 GtCO₂ rise in ECE between 1992 and 2020, with 2005 marking a turning point for accelerated growth. ECE intensity per unit area increased from 3.4 to 5.9 ktCO₂/km², mainly in eastern B&R regions. Spatiotemporal analysis reveals the area convergence effect in ECE across the B&R, indicating that geographical relationships significantly influence ECE evolution. Additionally, the study emphasizes the significance of short-process steelmaking technology, clean energy supply, and promoting cross-regional resource circulation for the decarbonization of IUSS.

在用钢材库存（IUSS）的内含碳排放量（ECE）对城市可持续性和气候目标至关重要，但目前仍缺乏相关的时空信息。本研究利用多源时空数据开发了一种动态估算方法，评估了 "一带一路"（B&R）沿线 67 个国家从 1992 年到 2020 年的在用钢材库存嵌入式碳排放时空动态。结果表明，1992 至 2020 年间，"一带一路 "地区 IUSS 的大幅增长导致 ECE 增加了 24 GtCO2，其中 2005 年是加速增长的转折点。单位面积的欧洲经委会强度从 3.4 ktCO2/km2 增加到 5.9 ktCO2/km2，主要集中在 B&R 东部地区。时空分析揭示了整个 B&R 地区欧洲经委会的地区趋同效应，表明地理关系对欧洲经委会的演变有重大影响。此外，该研究还强调了短流程炼钢技术、清洁能源供应以及促进跨区域资源循环对 IUSS 脱碳的重要意义。

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