Pub Date : 2026-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108824
Jiawei Huang, Yinqiao Wang, Sunkyu Park, Kai Lan
Paper sludge, a solid waste from paper mills, is a promising feedstock for producing sustainable bioproducts and decarbonizing the pulp and paper industry. This study developed a life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis to explore the environmental and economic feasibility of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) produced from paper sludge with carbon capture and storage (CCS). The analysis is integrated with full-scale process design and rigorous simulation models developed in Aspen Plus. Our results show that, with CCS, the global warming potential (GWP) of SAF reaches negative carbon at –166.4 to –108.7 g CO2eq/MJ with a minimum fuel selling price (MFSP) of $8.0–$10.0/gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE). Without CCS, the GWP increases to 38.8–71.6 g CO2eq/MJ, but the MFSP decreases to $5.2–$7.0/GGE. SAF production from paper sludge with CCS offers a potential solution to advance the decarbonization of the aviation sector and pulp and paper industries toward net-zero emissions.
造纸污泥是一种来自造纸厂的固体废物，是生产可持续生物产品和脱碳制浆造纸工业的有前途的原料。本研究开发了生命周期评估和技术经济分析，以探索采用碳捕获和储存（CCS）技术从纸污泥中生产可持续航空燃料（SAF）的环境和经济可行性。该分析与Aspen Plus开发的全尺寸工艺设计和严格的仿真模型相结合。我们的研究结果表明，采用CCS， SAF的全球变暖潜能值（GWP）在- 166.4至- 108.7 g CO2eq/MJ时达到负碳，最低燃料销售价格（MFSP）为8.0 - 10.0美元/汽油加仑当量（GGE）。没有CCS， GWP增加到38.8 ~ 71.6 g CO2eq/ GGE，而MFSP降低到5.2 ~ 7.0美元/GGE。利用CCS技术从纸污泥中生产SAF，为推动航空业和纸浆造纸行业实现净零排放的脱碳提供了一个潜在的解决方案。
{"title":"Life-cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis of negative carbon sustainable aviation fuels from paper sludge","authors":"Jiawei Huang, Yinqiao Wang, Sunkyu Park, Kai Lan","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paper sludge, a solid waste from paper mills, is a promising feedstock for producing sustainable bioproducts and decarbonizing the pulp and paper industry. This study developed a life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis to explore the environmental and economic feasibility of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) produced from paper sludge with carbon capture and storage (CCS). The analysis is integrated with full-scale process design and rigorous simulation models developed in Aspen Plus. Our results show that, with CCS, the global warming potential (GWP) of SAF reaches negative carbon at –166.4 to –108.7 g CO<sub>2</sub>eq/MJ with a minimum fuel selling price (MFSP) of $8.0–$10.0/gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE). Without CCS, the GWP increases to 38.8–71.6 g CO<sub>2</sub>eq/MJ, but the MFSP decreases to $5.2–$7.0/GGE. SAF production from paper sludge with CCS offers a potential solution to advance the decarbonization of the aviation sector and pulp and paper industries toward net-zero emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108824"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108808
Mikalai Filonchyk , Michael P. Peterson , Haowen Yan , Liang Zhou , Lifeng Zhang , Yi He , Shuwen Yang
Coal-fired power plants are one of the primary sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions worldwide, releasing approximately 13.6939 GtCO2eq annually. This study analyses GHG emissions from 2422 coal-fired power plants (6525 units) with a total installed capacity of 2125 GW. Using a bottom-up approach, CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions are calculated based on individual plant characteristics, including capacity, coal type, and load factor. The findings indicate a predominance of subcritical coal-fired power plants, the least efficient, with specific emissions of 6.95 MtCO2eq/GW. Bituminous coal is the largest emission source, accounting for 41 % of global GHG emissions from coal power. Significant regional disparities were identified with over 70 % of global coal power emissions originating from China, India, and the United States. China alone accounts for more than half (52 %) of total emissions. Special attention is given to power plants using unknown types of coal that are responsible for 31 % of emissions, highlighting substantial gaps in monitoring systems. The results indicate that while advanced coal technologies, including ultra-supercritical units and carbon capture and storage (CCS), can reduce emissions to some extent, their mitigation potential within the existing coal fleet remains limited relative to the goals of the Paris Agreement.
{"title":"Global greenhouse gas emissions from coal-fired power plants","authors":"Mikalai Filonchyk , Michael P. Peterson , Haowen Yan , Liang Zhou , Lifeng Zhang , Yi He , Shuwen Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coal-fired power plants are one of the primary sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions worldwide, releasing approximately 13.6939 GtCO<sub>2</sub>eq annually. This study analyses GHG emissions from 2422 coal-fired power plants (6525 units) with a total installed capacity of 2125 GW. Using a bottom-up approach, CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions are calculated based on individual plant characteristics, including capacity, coal type, and load factor. The findings indicate a predominance of subcritical coal-fired power plants, the least efficient, with specific emissions of 6.95 MtCO<sub>2</sub>eq/GW. Bituminous coal is the largest emission source, accounting for 41 % of global GHG emissions from coal power. Significant regional disparities were identified with over 70 % of global coal power emissions originating from China, India, and the United States. China alone accounts for more than half (52 %) of total emissions. Special attention is given to power plants using unknown types of coal that are responsible for 31 % of emissions, highlighting substantial gaps in monitoring systems. The results indicate that while advanced coal technologies, including ultra-supercritical units and carbon capture and storage (CCS), can reduce emissions to some extent, their mitigation potential within the existing coal fleet remains limited relative to the goals of the Paris Agreement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108808"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108813
Vijhay Krisshna Mahenthren , Gabriele Weber-Blaschke , Mark Hughes , Michael Risse
National bioeconomy strategies in Germany, Finland, and Sweden are expected to increase wood demand, putting pressure on already strained forest resources. Circularity of wood products can reduce this demand by improving resource efficiency, but barriers like uncertain availability and quality of post-consumer wood hinder implementation. This study optimizes and extends the PRecTimber model to forecast post-consumer wood quantities and qualities in Germany (revised with quality information), Finland, and Sweden. By 2050, predicted post-consumer wood volumes are 14.11 Mt in Germany, 1.64 Mt in Finland, and 2.74 Mt in Sweden, mainly from the construction sector. Our quality assessment methodology with scenario analysis (status quo S0 and improved scenarios S1–S2 with +10 and +20 percentage-point gains in key quality factors) reveals that the shares of post-consumer construction sawnwood suitable for lifespan extension and material recycling, respectively, are 25 % and 59 % under S0, 36 % and 50 % under S1, and 49 % and 38 % under S2. Leveraging these quantity and quality insights, policy reforms can support industries and technological innovation to optimize the use of post-consumer wood.
{"title":"PRecTimber 2.0: Forecasting quantitative and qualitative potentials for wood circularity in Germany, Finland, and Sweden","authors":"Vijhay Krisshna Mahenthren , Gabriele Weber-Blaschke , Mark Hughes , Michael Risse","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>National bioeconomy strategies in Germany, Finland, and Sweden are expected to increase wood demand, putting pressure on already strained forest resources. Circularity of wood products can reduce this demand by improving resource efficiency, but barriers like uncertain availability and quality of post-consumer wood hinder implementation. This study optimizes and extends the PRecTimber model to forecast post-consumer wood quantities and qualities in Germany (revised with quality information), Finland, and Sweden. By 2050, predicted post-consumer wood volumes are 14.11 Mt in Germany, 1.64 Mt in Finland, and 2.74 Mt in Sweden, mainly from the construction sector. Our quality assessment methodology with scenario analysis (status quo S0 and improved scenarios S1–S2 with +10 and +20 percentage-point gains in key quality factors) reveals that the shares of post-consumer construction sawnwood suitable for lifespan extension and material recycling, respectively, are 25 % and 59 % under S0, 36 % and 50 % under S1, and 49 % and 38 % under S2. Leveraging these quantity and quality insights, policy reforms can support industries and technological innovation to optimize the use of post-consumer wood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108813"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108816
Jintao Yang , Fang-He Zhao , Manchun Li , Penghui Jiang , Zhepeng Hu
Current understanding of low-carbon food distribution is limited by the lack of observed grain flow data and forward-looking scenario analysis. In this study, we construct China’s interprovincial rice distribution network for 2020 using 30,524 observed trade records. We then project provincial rice supply and demand dynamics for 2030 under four Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) scenarios, employing the Global Agro-Ecological Zones (GAEZ) and Future Land Use Simulation (FLUS) models. Subsequently, a scenario-based linear programming framework is applied to explore optimized low-carbon trade configurations. Results indicate that, compared to simulations focused solely on minimizing transport costs, observed trade flows capture substantial long-distance interprovincial exchanges that cost-based models tend to overlook. Moreover, optimized flows could reduce total carbon emissions from rice distribution by 16.1%-20.5% in 2030. These findings offer robust empirical and modeling evidence to inform the reconfiguration of grain distribution systems and support region-specific adaptation strategies under future climate change.
{"title":"Reconfiguring China’s interprovincial rice distribution to support low-carbon goals under climate change","authors":"Jintao Yang , Fang-He Zhao , Manchun Li , Penghui Jiang , Zhepeng Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current understanding of low-carbon food distribution is limited by the lack of observed grain flow data and forward-looking scenario analysis. In this study, we construct China’s interprovincial rice distribution network for 2020 using 30,524 observed trade records. We then project provincial rice supply and demand dynamics for 2030 under four Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) scenarios, employing the Global Agro-Ecological Zones (GAEZ) and Future Land Use Simulation (FLUS) models. Subsequently, a scenario-based linear programming framework is applied to explore optimized low-carbon trade configurations. Results indicate that, compared to simulations focused solely on minimizing transport costs, observed trade flows capture substantial long-distance interprovincial exchanges that cost-based models tend to overlook. Moreover, optimized flows could reduce total carbon emissions from rice distribution by 16.1%-20.5% in 2030. These findings offer robust empirical and modeling evidence to inform the reconfiguration of grain distribution systems and support region-specific adaptation strategies under future climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108816"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108823
Yulin Patrisia , Nghia P. Tran , Chamila Gunasekara , David W. Law , Tuan D. Ngo , Sujeeva Setunge
Concrete production is a major source of global emissions, and incorporating supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) offers a pathway to lower carbon construction. This study evaluates the life cycle and cost performance of eight alternative SCMs in Australia: recycled concrete powder (RCP), clay brick powder (CBP), recycled glass powder (RGP), lithium slag powder (LSP), red mud powder (RMP), limestone calcined clay (LC2), steel slag powder (SSP) and pond ash (PA). The study considers 83 mixes containing these SCMs, as reported in the literature, which achieved 30–40 MPa. The results showed that LC2 achieved the lowest GWP (283 kg CO₂-eq/m³; 8.22 kg CO₂-eq/MPa) and the lowest cost (∼133 AU$/m³). RGP and LSP also reduced ADPF to 71–70 MJ/MPa, while RMP and LSP achieved the lowest strength-normalised costs (3.8–3.9 AU$/MPa). CBP and PA performed worse due to poor reactivity and higher costs (>4.3 AU$/MPa). These findings highlight the potential of LC2, RGP, LSP, and RMP to support circular, low-carbon concrete in Australia.
混凝土生产是全球排放的主要来源，添加补充胶凝材料（scm）为低碳建筑提供了一条途径。本研究评估了澳大利亚8种可替代的SCMs的生命周期和性价比：再生混凝土粉（RCP）、粘土砖粉（CBP）、再生玻璃粉（RGP）、锂渣粉（LSP）、赤泥粉（RMP）、石灰石煅烧粘土（LC2）、钢渣粉（SSP）和池塘灰（PA）。据文献报道，该研究考虑了83种含有这些SCMs的混合物，达到30-40 MPa。结果表明，LC2具有最低的GWP （283 kg CO₂-eq/m³；8.22 kg CO₂-eq/MPa）和最低的成本（约133 AU$/m³）。RGP和LSP也将ADPF降低到71-70 MJ/MPa，而RMP和LSP的强度标准化成本最低（3.8-3.9 AU$/MPa）。由于反应性差和成本较高（>；4.3澳元/兆帕），CBP和PA表现较差。这些发现突出了LC2、RGP、LSP和RMP在澳大利亚支持循环低碳混凝土方面的潜力。
{"title":"Potential SCMs for low-carbon concrete in Australia: Cradle-to-gate LCA and cost perspectives","authors":"Yulin Patrisia , Nghia P. Tran , Chamila Gunasekara , David W. Law , Tuan D. Ngo , Sujeeva Setunge","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concrete production is a major source of global emissions, and incorporating supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) offers a pathway to lower carbon construction. This study evaluates the life cycle and cost performance of eight alternative SCMs in Australia: recycled concrete powder (RCP), clay brick powder (CBP), recycled glass powder (RGP), lithium slag powder (LSP), red mud powder (RMP), limestone calcined clay (LC2), steel slag powder (SSP) and pond ash (PA). The study considers 83 mixes containing these SCMs, as reported in the literature, which achieved 30–40 MPa. The results showed that LC2 achieved the lowest GWP (283 kg CO₂-eq/m³; 8.22 kg CO₂-eq/MPa) and the lowest cost (∼133 AU$/m³). RGP and LSP also reduced ADPF to 71–70 MJ/MPa, while RMP and LSP achieved the lowest strength-normalised costs (3.8–3.9 AU$/MPa). CBP and PA performed worse due to poor reactivity and higher costs (>4.3 AU$/MPa). These findings highlight the potential of LC2, RGP, LSP, and RMP to support circular, low-carbon concrete in Australia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108823"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146072564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108818
Xue Bai , Yi Gong , Wei Wei , Wen Wang , Minghao Zhuang , Yi Yang
Upcycling biowaste into insect and microbial proteins can enhance food system circularity; however, their global production potential and environmental benefits remain uncertain. In 2020, global biowaste could generate 58 Mt of insect protein or 146 Mt of microbial protein—exceeding global meat protein or meeting 53%–100% of soybean meal protein demand. Using Life Cycle Assessment combined with global scenario analysis, substituting soybean meal with alternative proteins yields moderate GHG reductions (-13 to -25 kg CO2e kg⁻¹ protein). Substituting meat protein yields larger GHG reductions (-107 to -1230 kg CO2e kg⁻¹ protein), alongside decreases in terrestrial acidification (-0.003 to -1.2 kg SO2e), eutrophication (-0.2 to -1.2 kg PO4e) and fine particulate matter (-0.03 to -0.24 kg PM2.5e). Globally replacing soybean meal first and then progressively meat could mitigate 0.9–12.2 Gt CO2e yr⁻¹ by 2050. However, achieving higher mitigation levels require greater technological innovation, institutional support, and cultural shifts.
{"title":"Global production potential and environmental benefits of alternative proteins from biowaste","authors":"Xue Bai , Yi Gong , Wei Wei , Wen Wang , Minghao Zhuang , Yi Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Upcycling biowaste into insect and microbial proteins can enhance food system circularity; however, their global production potential and environmental benefits remain uncertain. In 2020, global biowaste could generate 58 Mt of insect protein or 146 Mt of microbial protein—exceeding global meat protein or meeting 53%–100% of soybean meal protein demand. Using Life Cycle Assessment combined with global scenario analysis, substituting soybean meal with alternative proteins yields moderate GHG reductions (-13 to -25 kg CO<sub>2</sub>e kg⁻¹ protein). Substituting meat protein yields larger GHG reductions (-107 to -1230 kg CO<sub>2</sub>e kg⁻¹ protein), alongside decreases in terrestrial acidification (-0.003 to -1.2 kg SO<sub>2</sub>e), eutrophication (-0.2 to -1.2 kg PO<sub>4</sub>e) and fine particulate matter (-0.03 to -0.24 kg PM<sub>2.5</sub>e). Globally replacing soybean meal first and then progressively meat could mitigate 0.9–12.2 Gt CO<sub>2</sub>e yr⁻¹ by 2050. However, achieving higher mitigation levels require greater technological innovation, institutional support, and cultural shifts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108818"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146071739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study introduces mechanochemical activation–instantaneous carbon thermal shock (CTS) as a synergistic strategy for the high-value utilization of all components in retired crystalline-Si photovoltaic (PV) modules, addressing recycling bottlenecks such as limited metal recovery, high chemical consumption, and low-value treatment of Si. Mechanochemical ball milling effectively disrupts the Ag–Si interface and glassy interlayers, increasing the specific surface area and inducing lattice distortions. This lowers the reaction activation energy, enabling high leaching efficiencies for Ag (99.5%) and Al (94%) while markedly reducing the required nitric acid dosage. Subsequent CTS, with its ultrafast heating, overcomes the kinetic limitations of silica reduction, rapidly converting the acid-leached Si residue into high-purity, highly crystalline SiC. The synthesized SiC is well suited for high-temperature electronic devices and thermal management applications due to its excellent thermal stability, high thermal conductivity, and semiconducting properties. Life cycle and economic analyses indicate that, compared with conventional hydrometallurgical methods, the proposed process reduces the environmental footprint by 88.19% and lowers material treatment costs, offering an economically viable pathway for green, closed-loop recycling of PV waste.
{"title":"Synergistic mechanochemical activation and carbon-thermal shock for full-component upcycling of retired photovoltaic modules","authors":"Lanbin Wang, Zishuo Wang, Jing Wu, Beikai Zhang, Jiadong Yu, Jinhui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces mechanochemical activation–instantaneous carbon thermal shock (CTS) as a synergistic strategy for the high-value utilization of all components in retired crystalline-Si photovoltaic (PV) modules, addressing recycling bottlenecks such as limited metal recovery, high chemical consumption, and low-value treatment of Si. Mechanochemical ball milling effectively disrupts the Ag–Si interface and glassy interlayers, increasing the specific surface area and inducing lattice distortions. This lowers the reaction activation energy, enabling high leaching efficiencies for Ag (99.5%) and Al (94%) while markedly reducing the required nitric acid dosage. Subsequent CTS, with its ultrafast heating, overcomes the kinetic limitations of silica reduction, rapidly converting the acid-leached Si residue into high-purity, highly crystalline SiC. The synthesized SiC is well suited for high-temperature electronic devices and thermal management applications due to its excellent thermal stability, high thermal conductivity, and semiconducting properties. Life cycle and economic analyses indicate that, compared with conventional hydrometallurgical methods, the proposed process reduces the environmental footprint by 88.19% and lowers material treatment costs, offering an economically viable pathway for green, closed-loop recycling of PV waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108822"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146072566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108814
Selene Paz Adaglio , Romina Ingrassia , Gisela Tubio , Ariel Di Loreto , María Julia Boggione
This work presents a machine learning-driven methodology for bioplastic formulation design, valorizing eggshell waste as reinforcement. Two bioplastic formulations were developed: bioplastic from Droguería Industrial San Juan starch (BADSJ) and bioplastic from Biopack starch (BAS), reinforced with eggshell powder (ESP). PCA was performed on thickness, moisture, solubility, puncture strength (Ps), deformation at break point (Pd), biodegradability and opacity. Six machine learning algorithms were evaluated. Random Forest ntree = 200 and Linear Support Vector Machine (SVM) achieved the best performance, achieving 83.3% accuracy and 0.81 Kappa. These models estimated concentration ranges associated with improved Ps and Pd. The SVM exhibited higher predictive consistency, with R² of 0.9724 and lower error metrics (RMSE: 0.1422; MAE: 0.1043) compared to Random Forest. SVM predicted broader range of eggshell concentrations (0.47–1.47%) associated with improved Ps and Pd values, indicating better differentiation between formulations. These models provide a data-driven framework for optimizing bioplastic formulations and reducing experimental iterations.
这项工作提出了一种机器学习驱动的生物塑料配方设计方法，将蛋壳废料作为强化物。开发了两种生物塑料配方：Droguería Industrial San Juan淀粉（BADSJ）生物塑料和Biopack淀粉（BAS）生物塑料，蛋壳粉（ESP）增强。对厚度、水分、溶解度、穿刺强度（Ps）、断裂点变形（Pd）、生物降解性和不透明度进行主成分分析。评估了六种机器学习算法。随机森林ntree = 200和线性支持向量机（SVM）表现最好，准确率达到83.3%，Kappa为0.81。这些模型估计了与Ps和Pd改善相关的浓度范围。与随机森林相比，SVM的预测一致性更高，R²为0.9724，误差指标更低（RMSE: 0.1422; MAE: 0.1043）。支持向量机预测的蛋壳浓度范围（0.47-1.47%）与Ps和Pd值的提高相关，表明配方之间的差异更大。这些模型为优化生物塑料配方和减少实验迭代提供了数据驱动的框架。
{"title":"Sustainable innovation: Artificial Intelligence-assisted design of bio-based plastics","authors":"Selene Paz Adaglio , Romina Ingrassia , Gisela Tubio , Ariel Di Loreto , María Julia Boggione","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents a machine learning-driven methodology for bioplastic formulation design, valorizing eggshell waste as reinforcement. Two bioplastic formulations were developed: bioplastic from Droguería Industrial San Juan starch (BADSJ) and bioplastic from Biopack starch (BAS), reinforced with eggshell powder (ESP). PCA was performed on thickness, moisture, solubility, puncture strength (Ps), deformation at break point (Pd), biodegradability and opacity. Six machine learning algorithms were evaluated. Random Forest ntree = 200 and Linear Support Vector Machine (SVM) achieved the best performance, achieving 83.3% accuracy and 0.81 Kappa. These models estimated concentration ranges associated with improved Ps and Pd. The SVM exhibited higher predictive consistency, with R² of 0.9724 and lower error metrics (RMSE: 0.1422; MAE: 0.1043) compared to Random Forest. SVM predicted broader range of eggshell concentrations (0.47–1.47%) associated with improved Ps and Pd values, indicating better differentiation between formulations. These models provide a data-driven framework for optimizing bioplastic formulations and reducing experimental iterations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108814"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146072565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108812
Maidu Silm , Qixiang Jiang , Anu Kisand , Alexander Bismarck , Mitchell P. Jones
Textile waste from ‘fast fashion’ has considerable environmental impact and is an EU priority area. Colonising textiles with fungi provides a unique solution, with options to bond them together to create composite materials, fruit them to provide mushrooms (source of chitin-glucan complex), or both. We produced mycelium-textile composites in analogy to traditional prepreg-based composite manufacturing, consolidating multiple textile stacks colonised with Ganoderma lucidum into a single material of customisable thickness and free-form geometry. An oxygen gradient existed through the cross-section of textile stacks, resulting in more growth on surface than core plies. Consolidated composites comprising only surface layers achieved tensile strengths up to ∼14 MPa. Their flexural and shear strengths (7 MPa and 0.5 MPa, respectively) indicated suitability for semi-structural construction applications. Waste textile substrate could also be fruited (5.7% w/w yield). These advances expand the stalled application of mycelium composites and provide a nature-based solution to textile upcycling.
{"title":"Transforming textile waste into materials using fungi","authors":"Maidu Silm , Qixiang Jiang , Anu Kisand , Alexander Bismarck , Mitchell P. Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Textile waste from ‘fast fashion’ has considerable environmental impact and is an EU priority area. Colonising textiles with fungi provides a unique solution, with options to bond them together to create composite materials, fruit them to provide mushrooms (source of chitin-glucan complex), or both. We produced mycelium-textile composites in analogy to traditional prepreg-based composite manufacturing, consolidating multiple textile stacks colonised with <em>Ganoderma lucidum</em> into a single material of customisable thickness and free-form geometry. An oxygen gradient existed through the cross-section of textile stacks, resulting in more growth on surface than core plies. Consolidated composites comprising only surface layers achieved tensile strengths up to ∼14 MPa. Their flexural and shear strengths (7 MPa and 0.5 MPa, respectively) indicated suitability for semi-structural construction applications. Waste textile substrate could also be fruited (5.7% w/w yield). These advances expand the stalled application of mycelium composites and provide a nature-based solution to textile upcycling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108812"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146072569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108807
Sehun Kim , Won Jo , Seungwon Ihm , Abdallatif Abdalrhman , Jinuk Heo , Myoung-Jin Kim
The rapid growth of global desalination raises concerns over high-salinity brine disposal. Vaterite, a valuable but unstable polymorph of CaCO₃, is difficult to mass-produce. This study reports the first pilot-scale production of high-purity vaterite using actual desalination brine and cement kiln dust. A 1-ton system was built and operated at the SWA-WTIIRA desalination complex in Jubail, Saudi Arabia. Through calcium elution and carbonation, conditions were optimized to achieve ≥95 % vaterite content and sub-3 µm particle size. Controlling carbonation temperature and drying prevented transformation to calcite. The process yielded porous, spherical vaterite particles (>20 m²/g surface area, >98.5 % purity). Techno-economic analysis estimated production costs at $2.5/kg, significantly below commercial pharmaceutical-grade vaterite. These findings demonstrate a scalable, low-cost strategy for valorizing desalination brine and industrial by-products, offering both environmental and economic benefits.
{"title":"Pilot-scale production of high-purity vaterite-type calcium carbonate from desalination brine using industrial by-products","authors":"Sehun Kim , Won Jo , Seungwon Ihm , Abdallatif Abdalrhman , Jinuk Heo , Myoung-Jin Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2026.108807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid growth of global desalination raises concerns over high-salinity brine disposal. Vaterite, a valuable but unstable polymorph of CaCO₃, is difficult to mass-produce. This study reports the first pilot-scale production of high-purity vaterite using actual desalination brine and cement kiln dust. A 1-ton system was built and operated at the SWA-WTIIRA desalination complex in Jubail, Saudi Arabia. Through calcium elution and carbonation, conditions were optimized to achieve ≥95 % vaterite content and sub-3 µm particle size. Controlling carbonation temperature and drying prevented transformation to calcite. The process yielded porous, spherical vaterite particles (>20 m²/g surface area, >98.5 % purity). Techno-economic analysis estimated production costs at $2.5/kg, significantly below commercial pharmaceutical-grade vaterite. These findings demonstrate a scalable, low-cost strategy for valorizing desalination brine and industrial by-products, offering both environmental and economic benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108807"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146072568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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