Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators最新文献

Introduction

Dyslipidemia with a considerable progression rate is a primary risk factor for CVDs if left untreated. Dietary interventions have explored the health influences of selenium on lipid profiles in adults, yet the findings remain contentious. This study seeks to determine if selenium supplementation can positively modify the lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in adults.

Methods

Using predefined keywords, we searched online databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar, for relevant studies published from inception through July 2024. A random-effects meta-analysis was then employed to pool the weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95 % CI for outcomes assessed by a minimum of three studies.

Results

Initially 1205 studies were obtained out of which 25 RCTs were decided to be included for further analyses. Selenium supplementation reduced VLDL (WMD: −1.53; 95 % CI: −2.86, −0.20), but did not change TG (WMD: 1.12; 95 % CI: −4.51, 6.74), TC (WMD: −2.25; 95 % CI: −6.80, 2.29), LDL-C (WMD: 1.60; 95 % CI: −4.26, 7.46), and HDL-C levels (WMD: 0.98; 95 % CI: - 0.02, 1.98).

Conclusion

Our study showed significantly reduced VLDL but limited effects were observed in other lipid indexes. More extensive RCTs are required globally to achieve a holistic comprehension of the connection between selenium and lipid profile.

Aim

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Several interventional studies have revealed the beneficial impact of curcumin supplementation on blood pressure and endothelial function, but the findings are conflicting. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of curcumin supplementation on blood pressure and endothelial function. A meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials were performed by searching PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched up to March 31, 2024. Random effects models were used to calculate weighted mean differences (WMD). Pooled estimates of 10 studies revealed that curcumin decreased diastolic blood pressure (DBP) [WMD = −0.94, 95 % CI: −1.59, −0.30; p = 0.004], pulse wave velocity (PWV) [WMD = −45.60, 95 % CI: −88.16, −3.04; p = 0.03, I² = 0.0 %, p = 0.59], and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) [WMD = −39.19; 95 % CI: −66.15, −12.23, p =0.004; I²=73.0 %, p = 0.005] significantly, and increased flow-mediated dilation (FMD) [WMD = 1.64, 95 % CI: 1.06, 2.22; p < 0.001, I² = 0.0 %, p = 0.61. However, curcumin did not significantly change systolic blood pressure (SBP) [WMD = −0.64, 95 % CI: −1.96, 0.67; p =0.34, I² = 83.5 %, p <0.001], and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM1) [WMD = −17.05; 95 % CI: −80.79, 46.70, p =0.601; I²=94.1 %, p < 0.001]. These results suggest that curcumin has a beneficial effect on DBP, PWV, VCAM-1 and FMD levels and may be an effective adjunctive therapy for improving blood pressure and endothelial function.

Background & aims

Taking into account the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of omega-3 fatty acids and the evidence indicating the role of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology diabetes, this study aimed to determine the effect of ω−3 fatty acids on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Methods

A systematic search up to July 30, 2023 was completed in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases, to identify eligible RCTs. Heterogeneity tests of the selected studies were performed using the I². Random effects models were assessed and pooled data were determined as standardized mean differences (SMD) with a 95 % CI.

Results

The meta-analysis of 23 trials, involving 1523 patients, demonstrated a significant decrease in TNF-α (SMD: −1.62, 95 % CI: −2.89 to −0.35, P= 0.013) and increase in TAC (SMD: 0.92, 95 % CI: 0.33–1.52, P = 0.002) following ω−3 fatty acids administration. Meanwhile, supplementation did not have beneficial effects on malondialdehyde, C-reactive protein (CRP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and interlukin-6 levels. The subgroup analysis revealed a significant decrease in CRP levels and an increase in SOD levels in studies with durations of less than 12 weeks.

Conclusions

We found that ω−3 fatty acid intake can significantly decrease TNF-α and increase TAC levels, but this effect was not observed on other markers. Nevertheless, future well-designed with large sample size and long duration RCT studies with precise ω−3 fatty acids dose and ingredients are required to understand better the effects of these compounds and their constituents on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in T2DM patients.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Hyperlipidemia, obesity and gut dysbiosis are pivotal risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD). Supplementation of Akkermansia muciniphila (AKK) has also been proven to be effective in the prevention and treatment of obesity and other metabolic disorders. Here we found that AKK was more abundant in healthy control than ACVD patients via metagenomic sequencing on fecal samples. Subsequently, we investigated the role and underlying mechanism of AKK on obesity-associated atherosclerosis. AKK intervention partially reversed the exacerbation of atherosclerotic lesion formation in ApoE^-/- mice by improving dyslipidemia. Interestingly, replenishment with AKK significantly enhanced cardiac function and reduced the body weight. It also reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and increased anti-inflammatory IL-10 in the circulation. Additionally, AKK colonization dramatically regulated gut microbiota and increased the abundance of Lactobacillaceae. Our findings have provided novel insights into the therapeutic potential of AKK as a beneficial microbe for treating atherosclerotic-associated cardiovascular diseases.

Curcumin, an inherent polyphenolic compound, has the potential to influence glycemic indices. Nevertheless, the conclusions drawn from extant meta-analyses remain contentious. To determine the impact of curcumin supplementation on these indices, the current umbrella meta-analysis included existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses. A thorough systematic search was conducted using databases Embase, PubMed, WOS, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library to acquire peer-reviewed literature published before January 2024. The random-effects model was employed to conduct a meta-analysis. The present analysis incorporated a total of 22 meta-analytic studies. The findings of our study indicate that the administration of curcumin supplements leads to a significant decrease in fasting blood sugar levels (FBS) (ES: −1.63; 95 % CI: −2.36, −0.89, P<0.001; I²=88.4 %, P<0.001), homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (ES: −0.38; 95 % CI: −0.48, −0.28, P<0.001; I²=35.9 %, P=0.142), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (ES: −0.44; 95 % CI: −0.67, −0.21, P<0.001; I²=65.0 %, P=0.014), and insulin (ES: −0.86; 95 % CI: −1.52, −0.21, P=0.010; I²=92.5 %, P<0.001). The results of this study suggest that the administration of curcumin supplements may be a beneficial intervention for enhancing glycemic indices.