Pub Date : 2024-02-02DOI: 10.22267/rcia.20234003.217
L. Lisboa, João Victor de Souza Menezes
During certain periods of the year, some Brazilian regions impose water restrictions, initiating the growth cycle of the soybean crop. Thus, this work was conducted aiming to evaluate the morphophysiology and development of soybean cultivars under irrigation intervals. The experiment was conduct in January 2021, in a rural property, located in the municipality of Lavínia, state of São Paulo, Brazil. The design was completely randomized, in a 2×5 factorial scheme, with two soybean cultivars, M7110IPro (Monsoy®) and Desafio RR8473RSF (Brasmax®), interacting with the irrigation intervals (i.e., 24 h (Control); 48 h; 72 h, 96 h and 120 h) totalizing 10 treatments. We used four repetitions per treatment, which totalizes 40 plots or pots. Our results revealed that intervals longer than 48 h already negatively influence in morphophysiology of the soybean crop. Intervals of 96 h caused greater negative interferences on plant height (PH); number of leaflets (NL); number of pods (NP); dry mass of aerial part (DMAP) and root (DMR) in the soybean crop when grown in pots. Water stress did not influence the stomatal density of soybean grown in pots. Water stress harms soybean physiological parameters. No soybean cultivar showed tolerance to water stress.
{"title":"Morph-physiology and development of soybean cultivars under irrigation shift","authors":"L. Lisboa, João Victor de Souza Menezes","doi":"10.22267/rcia.20234003.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.20234003.217","url":null,"abstract":"During certain periods of the year, some Brazilian regions impose water restrictions, initiating the growth cycle of the soybean crop. Thus, this work was conducted aiming to evaluate the morphophysiology and development of soybean cultivars under irrigation intervals. The experiment was conduct in January 2021, in a rural property, located in the municipality of Lavínia, state of São Paulo, Brazil. The design was completely randomized, in a 2×5 factorial scheme, with two soybean cultivars, M7110IPro (Monsoy®) and Desafio RR8473RSF (Brasmax®), interacting with the irrigation intervals (i.e., 24 h (Control); 48 h; 72 h, 96 h and 120 h) totalizing 10 treatments. We used four repetitions per treatment, which totalizes 40 plots or pots. Our results revealed that intervals longer than 48 h already negatively influence in morphophysiology of the soybean crop. Intervals of 96 h caused greater negative interferences on plant height (PH); number of leaflets (NL); number of pods (NP); dry mass of aerial part (DMAP) and root (DMR) in the soybean crop when grown in pots. Water stress did not influence the stomatal density of soybean grown in pots. Water stress harms soybean physiological parameters. No soybean cultivar showed tolerance to water stress.","PeriodicalId":211714,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139810499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-02DOI: 10.22267/rcia.20234003.217
L. Lisboa, João Victor de Souza Menezes
During certain periods of the year, some Brazilian regions impose water restrictions, initiating the growth cycle of the soybean crop. Thus, this work was conducted aiming to evaluate the morphophysiology and development of soybean cultivars under irrigation intervals. The experiment was conduct in January 2021, in a rural property, located in the municipality of Lavínia, state of São Paulo, Brazil. The design was completely randomized, in a 2×5 factorial scheme, with two soybean cultivars, M7110IPro (Monsoy®) and Desafio RR8473RSF (Brasmax®), interacting with the irrigation intervals (i.e., 24 h (Control); 48 h; 72 h, 96 h and 120 h) totalizing 10 treatments. We used four repetitions per treatment, which totalizes 40 plots or pots. Our results revealed that intervals longer than 48 h already negatively influence in morphophysiology of the soybean crop. Intervals of 96 h caused greater negative interferences on plant height (PH); number of leaflets (NL); number of pods (NP); dry mass of aerial part (DMAP) and root (DMR) in the soybean crop when grown in pots. Water stress did not influence the stomatal density of soybean grown in pots. Water stress harms soybean physiological parameters. No soybean cultivar showed tolerance to water stress.
{"title":"Morph-physiology and development of soybean cultivars under irrigation shift","authors":"L. Lisboa, João Victor de Souza Menezes","doi":"10.22267/rcia.20234003.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.20234003.217","url":null,"abstract":"During certain periods of the year, some Brazilian regions impose water restrictions, initiating the growth cycle of the soybean crop. Thus, this work was conducted aiming to evaluate the morphophysiology and development of soybean cultivars under irrigation intervals. The experiment was conduct in January 2021, in a rural property, located in the municipality of Lavínia, state of São Paulo, Brazil. The design was completely randomized, in a 2×5 factorial scheme, with two soybean cultivars, M7110IPro (Monsoy®) and Desafio RR8473RSF (Brasmax®), interacting with the irrigation intervals (i.e., 24 h (Control); 48 h; 72 h, 96 h and 120 h) totalizing 10 treatments. We used four repetitions per treatment, which totalizes 40 plots or pots. Our results revealed that intervals longer than 48 h already negatively influence in morphophysiology of the soybean crop. Intervals of 96 h caused greater negative interferences on plant height (PH); number of leaflets (NL); number of pods (NP); dry mass of aerial part (DMAP) and root (DMR) in the soybean crop when grown in pots. Water stress did not influence the stomatal density of soybean grown in pots. Water stress harms soybean physiological parameters. No soybean cultivar showed tolerance to water stress.","PeriodicalId":211714,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139870419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.22267/rcia.20234002.211
Ananias Pinto de Queiroz, Melissa Alexandra Romero, Gil Rodrigues dos Santos, Raimundo Wagner de Souza Aguiar
Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) is an important crop in Brazil and affected by relevant insect vectors, including thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). The present work was focused on evaluating the presence of Groundnut ringspot virus (GRSV) associated with Frankliniella sp. (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in watermelon, C. lanatus , cultivated in the Brazilian Cerrado biome. Several species of thrips were collected from four commercial crops located in Gurupi, Lagoa da Confusao, Formoso do Araguaia and Porto Nacional counties, all of them belonging to the Brazilian state of Tocantins). The total viral RNA obtained from the thrips was enriched and used to perform ugh RT-PCR. Using specific primers, a 644 bp fragment of the GRSV nucleocapsid was identified in all insect samples, which allowed us to perform a phylogenetic analysis with GRSV sequences described for other geographical regions. The findings demonstrate the wide distribution of the GRSV virus in commercial watermelon crops in the Brazilian Cerrado Biome. The association with Frankliniella sp. is highlighted as one of the most relevant vector pathways in this region of high intensity and advanced agriculture. In addition, phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a close relationship between GRSV sequences from South Africa and Brazil. These findings may contribute to the understanding of GRSV distribution in watermelon crops in different localities of Brazilian Cerrado Biome.
瓜是巴西重要的农作物，受到包括蓟马在内的相关昆虫媒介的影响。本文研究了与Frankliniella sp.(蓟翅目:蓟科)相关的花生环斑病毒(GRSV)在巴西塞拉多(Cerrado)种植的西瓜中的存在情况。从Gurupi、Lagoa da Confusao、Formoso do Araguaia和Porto Nacional县(均属于巴西Tocantins州)的四个商业作物中收集了几种蓟马。从蓟马中获得的病毒总RNA被富集并用于进行RT-PCR。利用特异性引物，在所有昆虫样本中鉴定出一个644 bp的GRSV核衣壳片段，这使我们能够与其他地理区域描述的GRSV序列进行系统发育分析。研究结果表明，GRSV病毒在巴西塞拉多生物群的商品西瓜作物中广泛分布。与Frankliniella sp.的关联被强调为该高强度和先进农业地区最相关的媒介途径之一。此外，系统发育分析表明，来自南非和巴西的GRSV序列关系密切。这些发现可能有助于了解GRSV在巴西塞拉多生物群不同地区西瓜作物中的分布。
{"title":"Detection of Groundnut ringspot virus carried by Frankliniella sp. on watermelon fields in Brazilian Cerrado","authors":"Ananias Pinto de Queiroz, Melissa Alexandra Romero, Gil Rodrigues dos Santos, Raimundo Wagner de Souza Aguiar","doi":"10.22267/rcia.20234002.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.20234002.211","url":null,"abstract":"Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) is an important crop in Brazil and affected by relevant insect vectors, including thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). The present work was focused on evaluating the presence of Groundnut ringspot virus (GRSV) associated with Frankliniella sp. (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in watermelon, C. lanatus , cultivated in the Brazilian Cerrado biome. Several species of thrips were collected from four commercial crops located in Gurupi, Lagoa da Confusao, Formoso do Araguaia and Porto Nacional counties, all of them belonging to the Brazilian state of Tocantins). The total viral RNA obtained from the thrips was enriched and used to perform ugh RT-PCR. Using specific primers, a 644 bp fragment of the GRSV nucleocapsid was identified in all insect samples, which allowed us to perform a phylogenetic analysis with GRSV sequences described for other geographical regions. The findings demonstrate the wide distribution of the GRSV virus in commercial watermelon crops in the Brazilian Cerrado Biome. The association with Frankliniella sp. is highlighted as one of the most relevant vector pathways in this region of high intensity and advanced agriculture. In addition, phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a close relationship between GRSV sequences from South Africa and Brazil. These findings may contribute to the understanding of GRSV distribution in watermelon crops in different localities of Brazilian Cerrado Biome.","PeriodicalId":211714,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121773466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.22267/rcia.20234002.209
P. P. Bacca-Acosta, Bayron Giovanny Obando-Enriquez, Jose Libardo Lerma-Lasso, María Camila Ortega-Cepeda, M. R. Palacio, John Jairo Zuluaga-Peláez
The complexity in the management of field tools for recording dasometric information has led to the use of allometric equations that save time, work, and costs allowing the estimation of variables that are difficult to record, such as total height (TH). The objective of this research was to develop an allometric equation for the species Alnus acuminata in order to calculate TH from the diameter at breast height (DBH). At the Obonuco-AGROSAVIA Research Center in Pasto (Nariño), dasometric information was recorded for 75 months for 200 even-aged trees. Four models were evaluated: linear, polynomial, Mixed linear (random effect per tree age), and Mixed linear (random effect per tree). For the selection of the best model, the criteria were used with the lowest values of Akaike (AIC) and Bayesian (BIC). The information was analyzed using the "Nonlinear Mixed-Effects Models" package, R software. The results revealed that A. acuminata had an 81% survival; the TH average was 7.4 ± 1.3 m; and the average DBH was 9.51 ± 2.23cm. The average annual increase of DBH was 1.5 cm year-1, and the TH was 1.18 m∙ per year-1. The mixed linear model confirmed the assumptions of normality, independence, and homogeneity of variances in addition of having good criteria in its predictive performance and efficiency through the equation TH=2.07+0.35*DBH+0.95*Age. This research contributes to the management of native species of the high tropics by designing an equation for the first vegetative growth phases of A. acuminata in high mountain agroecological zones.
用于记录测量信息的现场工具管理的复杂性导致使用异速生长方程，从而节省时间、工作和成本，允许估计难以记录的变量，例如总高度(TH)。本研究的目的是建立一个异速生长方程，以计算桤木胸径(DBH)的TH。在帕斯托的Obonuco-AGROSAVIA研究中心(Nariño)，对200棵平均年龄的树木进行了75个月的测量信息记录。评估了四种模型:线性、多项式、混合线性(每棵树年龄随机效应)和混合线性(每棵树随机效应)。采用赤池(AIC)和贝叶斯(BIC)的最小值作为最佳模型的选择标准。使用R软件的“非线性混合效应模型”包对信息进行分析。结果表明，尖锐棘螨的存活率为81%;TH平均值为7.4±1.3 m;平均胸径为9.51±2.23cm。DBH年平均增长1.5 cm /年，TH年平均增长1.18 m∙/年。通过方程TH=2.07+0.35*DBH+0.95*Age，混合线性模型在预测性能和效率上具有较好的标准，同时证实了方差的正态性、独立性和同质性假设。本研究有助于管理本地物种的热带地区通过设计一个方程第一营养生长阶段的a . acuminata高山农业生态的区域。
{"title":"Allometric model for height estimation of Alnus acuminata Kunth in agroecological zones of the high Andean tropics","authors":"P. P. Bacca-Acosta, Bayron Giovanny Obando-Enriquez, Jose Libardo Lerma-Lasso, María Camila Ortega-Cepeda, M. R. Palacio, John Jairo Zuluaga-Peláez","doi":"10.22267/rcia.20234002.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.20234002.209","url":null,"abstract":"The complexity in the management of field tools for recording dasometric information has led to the use of allometric equations that save time, work, and costs allowing the estimation of variables that are difficult to record, such as total height (TH). The objective of this research was to develop an allometric equation for the species Alnus acuminata in order to calculate TH from the diameter at breast height (DBH). At the Obonuco-AGROSAVIA Research Center in Pasto (Nariño), dasometric information was recorded for 75 months for 200 even-aged trees. Four models were evaluated: linear, polynomial, Mixed linear (random effect per tree age), and Mixed linear (random effect per tree). For the selection of the best model, the criteria were used with the lowest values of Akaike (AIC) and Bayesian (BIC). The information was analyzed using the \"Nonlinear Mixed-Effects Models\" package, R software. The results revealed that A. acuminata had an 81% survival; the TH average was 7.4 ± 1.3 m; and the average DBH was 9.51 ± 2.23cm. The average annual increase of DBH was 1.5 cm year-1, and the TH was 1.18 m∙ per year-1. The mixed linear model confirmed the assumptions of normality, independence, and homogeneity of variances in addition of having good criteria in its predictive performance and efficiency through the equation TH=2.07+0.35*DBH+0.95*Age. This research contributes to the management of native species of the high tropics by designing an equation for the first vegetative growth phases of A. acuminata in high mountain agroecological zones.","PeriodicalId":211714,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117139515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.22267/rcia.20234002.210
Ruby Alejandra Loaiza, J. Cartagena, C. Barrera-Sánchez, Ó. Córdoba-Gaona
The application of plant physiological principles in genetic improvement allows to approach with greater ease, the solution of the limitations of the agricultural production in an integral and articulated way. For this reason, physiological indicators were used as criteria for the selection of UN Cotové papaya variety plants, which serve as parents for a species breeding program. Eighteen individuals were selected for monthly gas exchange measurements, chlorophyll fluorescence, and leaf area index. The data analysis was done with multivariate non-hierarchical clustering and factorial analysis. Two clusters were generated that did not group morphotypes regarding the gas exchange, quantum yield of Photosystem II (PSII), and leaf area index (LAI). ANOVA established significant differences between plants for most variables. The means were compared with the Tukey test (P < 0.05). Six plants presented better yield, positioning them as a promising material to obtain a papaya variety with outstanding characteristics under tropical dry forest (TDF) conditions.
{"title":"Physiological characterization of Carica papaya L. variety UN Cotové","authors":"Ruby Alejandra Loaiza, J. Cartagena, C. Barrera-Sánchez, Ó. Córdoba-Gaona","doi":"10.22267/rcia.20234002.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.20234002.210","url":null,"abstract":"The application of plant physiological principles in genetic improvement allows to approach with greater ease, the solution of the limitations of the agricultural production in an integral and articulated way. For this reason, physiological indicators were used as criteria for the selection of UN Cotové papaya variety plants, which serve as parents for a species breeding program. Eighteen individuals were selected for monthly gas exchange measurements, chlorophyll fluorescence, and leaf area index. The data analysis was done with multivariate non-hierarchical clustering and factorial analysis. Two clusters were generated that did not group morphotypes regarding the gas exchange, quantum yield of Photosystem II (PSII), and leaf area index (LAI). ANOVA established significant differences between plants for most variables. The means were compared with the Tukey test (P < 0.05). Six plants presented better yield, positioning them as a promising material to obtain a papaya variety with outstanding characteristics under tropical dry forest (TDF) conditions.","PeriodicalId":211714,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124947612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-20DOI: 10.22267/rcia.20234002.208
Edinson Bejarano-Toro, E. Rodríguez-Sandoval, J. U. Sepúlveda-Valencia
Whey, obtained from cheese manufacturing, has a significant environmental impact due to its organic load and volume produced. Therefore, validating technologies that allow its valorization due to its content of ingredients of high nutritional or functional value becomes relevant for the dairy industry. Microparticulate whey protein (MWP) has been used to produce cheeses and has the potential to improve process performance. We seek to develop and optimize the characteristics of a MWP to be used to make white cheese. For this, factors such as temperature, from 73 to 93°C, and retention time from 3 to 17 min of the heat treatment were evaluated. We assessed zeta potential, particle size, color, protein retention coefficient, and cheese yield as response variables using a response surface design with 14 experiments. Optimum conditions were 93°C for 5.4 min retention. In the white cheese production, two inclusion percentages were tested: 3 and 5% (w/w); and the impact on characteristics like yield, protein retention, and texture was evaluated with respect to a control cheese that was not added with MWP. We found that 3% inclusion is more suitable because it keeps textural characteristics closer to traditional cheese. The MWPs add value to whey and cheese by improving performance and enabling the retention of proteins of high biological and nutritional value.
{"title":"Effect of microparticulate from whey protein concentrates on the characteristics of fresh cheese","authors":"Edinson Bejarano-Toro, E. Rodríguez-Sandoval, J. U. Sepúlveda-Valencia","doi":"10.22267/rcia.20234002.208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.20234002.208","url":null,"abstract":"Whey, obtained from cheese manufacturing, has a significant environmental impact due to its organic load and volume produced. Therefore, validating technologies that allow its valorization due to its content of ingredients of high nutritional or functional value becomes relevant for the dairy industry. Microparticulate whey protein (MWP) has been used to produce cheeses and has the potential to improve process performance. We seek to develop and optimize the characteristics of a MWP to be used to make white cheese. For this, factors such as temperature, from 73 to 93°C, and retention time from 3 to 17 min of the heat treatment were evaluated. We assessed zeta potential, particle size, color, protein retention coefficient, and cheese yield as response variables using a response surface design with 14 experiments. Optimum conditions were 93°C for 5.4 min retention. In the white cheese production, two inclusion percentages were tested: 3 and 5% (w/w); and the impact on characteristics like yield, protein retention, and texture was evaluated with respect to a control cheese that was not added with MWP. We found that 3% inclusion is more suitable because it keeps textural characteristics closer to traditional cheese. The MWPs add value to whey and cheese by improving performance and enabling the retention of proteins of high biological and nutritional value.","PeriodicalId":211714,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124350933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-14DOI: 10.22267/rcia.20234002.206
A. Mellado-Vázquez, S. Salazar-García, C. Hernández-Guerra
In Mexico, Nayarit and Veracruz stand out as producers of Persian lemon. Nayarit has a larger surface area with high production potential and a 68% expansion of its cultivated area in the last 10 years. Veracruz has larger planted area and production volume. This investigation was conducted aiming to determine the period of nutritional stability in Persian lemon leaves and define the appropriate time to perform foliar sampling for nutritional diagnosis. In 2017, rainfed orchards were selected in both states. Per orchard, 20 trees were selected, 50 shoots were marked per flow (Nayarit winter and summer, Veracruz winter and spring), and sampled monthly. Soil and foliar nutrient analysis was performed (total nitrogen (N-total) (semi-microKjeldahl digestion), nitrates (NO3) (colorimetry), potassium (K) (atomic absorption), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn), (ICP-Optical Coupled Plasma using an ICAP 7200 spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific®), and boron (B) (colorimetry) (Genesis 20 spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific®)). Daily predicted values were calculated and the best functions (highest R2, lowest mean square of the error and value of the Mallows coefficient) were chosen. Mathematical derivatives and criteria were calculated to determine the best period for sampling. For Nayarit, the appropriate period for leaf sampling was the summer flush of July 29 to August 18 and from February 8 to March 19 for the winter flush. In Veracruz, it was from April 10 to May 10 for the winter flush and from September 23 to October 8 for the spring flush.
{"title":"Persian lemon in the Mexican counties of Nayarit and Veracruz: Foliar sampling period for nutritional diagnosis","authors":"A. Mellado-Vázquez, S. Salazar-García, C. Hernández-Guerra","doi":"10.22267/rcia.20234002.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.20234002.206","url":null,"abstract":"In Mexico, Nayarit and Veracruz stand out as producers of Persian lemon. Nayarit has a larger surface area with high production potential and a 68% expansion of its cultivated area in the last 10 years. Veracruz has larger planted area and production volume. This investigation was conducted aiming to determine the period of nutritional stability in Persian lemon leaves and define the appropriate time to perform foliar sampling for nutritional diagnosis. In 2017, rainfed orchards were selected in both states. Per orchard, 20 trees were selected, 50 shoots were marked per flow (Nayarit winter and summer, Veracruz winter and spring), and sampled monthly. Soil and foliar nutrient analysis was performed (total nitrogen (N-total) (semi-microKjeldahl digestion), nitrates (NO3) (colorimetry), potassium (K) (atomic absorption), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn), (ICP-Optical Coupled Plasma using an ICAP 7200 spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific®), and boron (B) (colorimetry) (Genesis 20 spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific®)). Daily predicted values were calculated and the best functions (highest R2, lowest mean square of the error and value of the Mallows coefficient) were chosen. Mathematical derivatives and criteria were calculated to determine the best period for sampling. For Nayarit, the appropriate period for leaf sampling was the summer flush of July 29 to August 18 and from February 8 to March 19 for the winter flush. In Veracruz, it was from April 10 to May 10 for the winter flush and from September 23 to October 8 for the spring flush.","PeriodicalId":211714,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121251553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-13DOI: 10.22267/rcia.20234002.207
Lina Paola Garzón, C. Peña-Venegas
There are some plant species with cultural and economic importance in the Amazon, such as Uncaria guianensis and U. tomentosa, both commonly named “cat's claw”. Since these species grow in soils with low levels of organic matter and nutrients, both depend on arbuscular mycorrhizae to grow. The information about arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities for U. tomentosa is limited and there is no current research on U. guianensis. Therefore, this research provides additional information on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities associated with Uncaria species in Amazonian soils. Both the percentage of root colonization and the influence of the edaphic composition in the two species were determined. Also, the richness and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were assessed using the spore isolation method and also, through the molecular analysis of virtual taxa. In addition, the difference between the soils was analyzed. Although U. guianensis grows in both Oxisols and Alluvial Entisols and U. tomentosa is restricted to Oxisols, sporulation of AM and root colonization does not respond significantly to variations in soil chemical properties. Additionally, 72 virtual taxa were identified for Uncaria species (53 U. tomentosa and 19 U. guianensis) and the relative abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was higher in roots of Uncaria species than in soils. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi community that colonizes the roots of Uncaria species indicates that these species behave as wild species; therefore, the ex-situ propagation of the species in agricultural systems could be less successful than forest enrichment.
{"title":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal characterization associated with Uncaria guianensis and Uncaria tomentosa in Amazonian soils","authors":"Lina Paola Garzón, C. Peña-Venegas","doi":"10.22267/rcia.20234002.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.20234002.207","url":null,"abstract":"There are some plant species with cultural and economic importance in the Amazon, such as Uncaria guianensis and U. tomentosa, both commonly named “cat's claw”. Since these species grow in soils with low levels of organic matter and nutrients, both depend on arbuscular mycorrhizae to grow. The information about arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities for U. tomentosa is limited and there is no current research on U. guianensis. Therefore, this research provides additional information on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities associated with Uncaria species in Amazonian soils. Both the percentage of root colonization and the influence of the edaphic composition in the two species were determined. Also, the richness and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were assessed using the spore isolation method and also, through the molecular analysis of virtual taxa. In addition, the difference between the soils was analyzed. Although U. guianensis grows in both Oxisols and Alluvial Entisols and U. tomentosa is restricted to Oxisols, sporulation of AM and root colonization does not respond significantly to variations in soil chemical properties. Additionally, 72 virtual taxa were identified for Uncaria species (53 U. tomentosa and 19 U. guianensis) and the relative abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was higher in roots of Uncaria species than in soils. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi community that colonizes the roots of Uncaria species indicates that these species behave as wild species; therefore, the ex-situ propagation of the species in agricultural systems could be less successful than forest enrichment.","PeriodicalId":211714,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129609520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-10DOI: 10.22267/rcia.20234002.205
Jenry Rafael Hernández, Camilo José Iguaran-Diaz, Hérmes Araméndiz-Tatis, C. Cardona-Ayala, M. Espitia-Camacho
Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) is a fruit tree of African origin cultivated in more than 50 countries, including Colombia, mainly in the Colombian Caribbean departments, where its harvest generates significant income in rural communities. Its establishment presents a difficulty because the sexual seed presents physical dormancy and poor germination. The objective of this study was to evaluate Tamarind seed viability by using the tetrazolium test and to reduce the time needed for the determination of its physiological quality. Ripe and healthy fruits were collected from patio trees, from which their seeds were extracted, disinfected with 1% sodium hypochlorite, and washed with plenty of water before use. Subsequently, they were scarified with No. 100 sandpaper by the edges, except in the area of the micropyle. The completely random design was used in a 3x3 bifactorial arrangement, with four repetitions. The first factor, tetrazolium concentration (%), was tested at levels of 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00%, and the second factor, immersion time, at 2, 4, and 6 hours. The analysis of variance did not show significance for the tetrazolium concentration, while it did for the immersion time (p≤0.01), and the tetrazolium-time interaction (p≤0.05). Therefore, the concentration of 0.50% tetrazolium for six hours of immersion is a reliable alternative to determine the physiological quality of tamarind seeds compared to conventional germination testing due to its low cost and execution time. Likewise, the percentages of germination and germination speed index were higher when the seed was scarified with sandpaper than the conventional method.
{"title":"Tetrazolium test to estimate the physiological quality of tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) seeds","authors":"Jenry Rafael Hernández, Camilo José Iguaran-Diaz, Hérmes Araméndiz-Tatis, C. Cardona-Ayala, M. Espitia-Camacho","doi":"10.22267/rcia.20234002.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.20234002.205","url":null,"abstract":"Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) is a fruit tree of African origin cultivated in more than 50 countries, including Colombia, mainly in the Colombian Caribbean departments, where its harvest generates significant income in rural communities. Its establishment presents a difficulty because the sexual seed presents physical dormancy and poor germination. The objective of this study was to evaluate Tamarind seed viability by using the tetrazolium test and to reduce the time needed for the determination of its physiological quality. Ripe and healthy fruits were collected from patio trees, from which their seeds were extracted, disinfected with 1% sodium hypochlorite, and washed with plenty of water before use. Subsequently, they were scarified with No. 100 sandpaper by the edges, except in the area of the micropyle. The completely random design was used in a 3x3 bifactorial arrangement, with four repetitions. The first factor, tetrazolium concentration (%), was tested at levels of 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00%, and the second factor, immersion time, at 2, 4, and 6 hours. The analysis of variance did not show significance for the tetrazolium concentration, while it did for the immersion time (p≤0.01), and the tetrazolium-time interaction (p≤0.05). Therefore, the concentration of 0.50% tetrazolium for six hours of immersion is a reliable alternative to determine the physiological quality of tamarind seeds compared to conventional germination testing due to its low cost and execution time. Likewise, the percentages of germination and germination speed index were higher when the seed was scarified with sandpaper than the conventional method.","PeriodicalId":211714,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114385200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-25DOI: 10.22267/rcia.20234002.204
Otilo Daniel Henz Neto, Janaíne Oliveira Toso, L. Galon, C. Müller, C. T. Forte, L. Brunetto, João Paulo Giacomini, G. F. Perin
Weeds are the main constraints to high bean productivity. Here, we aimed to investigate the competitive ability of black type bean cultivars BRS Campeiro and SCS Predileto in coexistence with alexandergrass, Urochloa plataginea. The experimental design employed a replacement series arrangement, and the experiments were conducted in a greenhouse using a randomized block design with four replicates. Once the appropriate plant density was determined, the experiments proceeded with the following ratios of bean to U. plataginea plants per pot: 20:00, 15:5, 10:10, 5:15, and 0:20. Fifty-five days after the emergence of the plants, physiological and morphological traits were analyzed. Diagrams were made to analyze the relative productivity (RP), total relative productivity (TRP), and the competitiveness indices. Based on RP and TRP, a similar competitive mechanism for environmental resources was observed for both bean cultivars in the presence of U. plataginea. Variables such as leaf area, dry matter, stem diameter, and plant height of the bean cultivars were negatively affected by U. plataginea, indicating a superior competitive ability for environmental resources. However, considering only the 10:10 plants per plot ratio, beans showed higher relative growth than U. plataginea, represented by relative competition indices, relative clustering coefficients, and aggressiveness. Intraspecific competition was found to be more harmful than interspecific competition for both crop and weed species.
{"title":"Competitive ability of common bean cultivars in the presence of Urochloa plantaginea","authors":"Otilo Daniel Henz Neto, Janaíne Oliveira Toso, L. Galon, C. Müller, C. T. Forte, L. Brunetto, João Paulo Giacomini, G. F. Perin","doi":"10.22267/rcia.20234002.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.20234002.204","url":null,"abstract":"Weeds are the main constraints to high bean productivity. Here, we aimed to investigate the competitive ability of black type bean cultivars BRS Campeiro and SCS Predileto in coexistence with alexandergrass, Urochloa plataginea. The experimental design employed a replacement series arrangement, and the experiments were conducted in a greenhouse using a randomized block design with four replicates. Once the appropriate plant density was determined, the experiments proceeded with the following ratios of bean to U. plataginea plants per pot: 20:00, 15:5, 10:10, 5:15, and 0:20. Fifty-five days after the emergence of the plants, physiological and morphological traits were analyzed. Diagrams were made to analyze the relative productivity (RP), total relative productivity (TRP), and the competitiveness indices. Based on RP and TRP, a similar competitive mechanism for environmental resources was observed for both bean cultivars in the presence of U. plataginea. Variables such as leaf area, dry matter, stem diameter, and plant height of the bean cultivars were negatively affected by U. plataginea, indicating a superior competitive ability for environmental resources. However, considering only the 10:10 plants per plot ratio, beans showed higher relative growth than U. plataginea, represented by relative competition indices, relative clustering coefficients, and aggressiveness. Intraspecific competition was found to be more harmful than interspecific competition for both crop and weed species.","PeriodicalId":211714,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131640352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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