Revista Brasileira De Enfermagem最新文献

Objectives: to assess patient safety culture during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify the dimensions that need to be improved in hospital settings and which sector, open or closed, direct or indirect care, exhibits a higher level of safety culture.

Methods: a descriptive and cross-sectional study. The validated version for Brazil of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture instrument was applied to assess patient safety culture. Those dimensions with 75% positive responses were considered strengthened.

Results: all dimensions presented results lower than 75% of positive responses. Closed sectors showed a stronger safety culture compared to open ones. Indirect care sectors had a low general perception of patient safety when compared to direct care sectors.

Conclusions: with the pandemic, points of weakness became even more evident, requiring attention and incisive interventions from the institution's leaders.

Objectives: to understand nurse perspectives regarding homeless pregnant women's accessibility to prenatal care.

Methods: a qualitative study, with analysis based on the concept of accessibility. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 11 nurses who work at the Street Outreach Office in northern Brazil.

Results: nurses are faced with geographic barriers and dangerous situations in border regions, recognizing that there is a context of physical, sexual and psychological violence that involves homeless pregnant women who seek care at the Street Outreach Office. Street Outreach Office nurses' work occurs in conjunction with other services in the Health Care Network. The implementation of educational measures is a powerful strategy, as is establishing links with women.

Final considerations: the Street Outreach Office's work provides meetings with pregnant women on site in the territory, which can provide geographic and socio-organizational accessibility to prenatal care.

Objectives: to identify the repercussions of financial toxicity on the lives of adult cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: an integrative review was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases, as well as the Virtual Health Library portal, in March 2023.

Results: out of 62 studies found, 13 were included for analysis. The primary repercussions of financial toxicity included difficulties in covering basic expenses such as food, housing, medication, transportation, and internet access; increased anxiety and concerns related to health and financial situations; reduction or absence of income; challenges in obtaining treatment or accessing healthcare services; rising expenses; and telemedicine as a less burdensome alternative.

Conclusions: the pandemic has exacerbated financial toxicity; therefore, healthcare teams must recognize it as an adverse event of oncological treatment and understand its potential to affect various aspects of patients' lives.

Objectives: to investigate the factors influencing vaccine hesitancy against COVID-19 among Brazilians.

Methods: this research employed an observational and analytical approach, utilizing a web-based survey. Data collection took place in 2020, and data analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling.

Results: the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was found to be 27.5% (1182 individuals). There is a negative correlation between belief in conspiracy theories and social influence. Among the various beliefs associated with vaccination intentions, only conspiracy beliefs exhibited significant predictive value. Thus, the findings suggest that personal beliefs significantly impact hesitancy towards vaccination, and also indicate that trust in governmental bodies is inversely related to hesitancy.

Conclusions: vaccine hesitancy emerges as a multifaceted phenomenon influenced by a complex array of factors, including personal beliefs, trust in governmental bodies, and healthcare systems.

Objectives: to understand the meanings attributed to the experiences of individuals after hospitalization for COVID-19.

Methods: qualitative study, with a theoretical framework based on Symbolic Interactionism and a methodological approach grounded in Grounded Theory. Nineteen participants who had moderate and severe forms of COVID-19 after hospitalization were interviewed. Data collection took place between April and November 2021 through online interviews, and the data were analyzed using initial and focused coding in the MAXQDA software.

Results: the data illustrate new meanings attributed to different aspects of life after hospitalization, including relationships with others, the environment, physical and mental health, finances, identity, and interactions with a new social reality.

Conclusions: the meanings are intrinsically linked to the value of interpersonal relationships, the perception of their impact, and the consequences after hospitalization. This allows professionals to understand the importance of this information to improve care and prepare for future epidemics.

Objectives: to map the educational actions conducted with primary health care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: a scoping review conducted in August 2023, which covered databases such as CINAHL, Medline, LILACS, IBECS, BDENF, and Web of Science. In total, 32 publications were analyzed through content analysis.

Results: the primary beneficiaries of the educational actions included 69% physicians, 56% nurses, 25% pharmacists, 13% social workers and dentists, 9% psychologists, community health agents, and laboratory professionals, and 6% nursing technicians, nutritionists, and physical educators. The predominant educational interventions were training sessions (mentioned in 19 publications), followed by Continuing Health Education (10 publications) and Continuing Education (three publications).

Final considerations: the educational interventions demonstrated positive impacts on professional practice, particularly the Continuing Health Education actions, which were notable for stimulating critical problem-solving among professionals.

Objectives: to evaluate the prevalence of negative affectivity in university students in the post-COVID-19 pandemic context and its relationship with academic performance and professional outlook.

Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted with undergraduate students from a public university in Minas Gerais between September 2022 and September 2023. Data were collected using a sociodemographic and psychosocial characterization questionnaire and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale 21. The relationships between negative affectivity, academic performance, and professional outlook were verified using the Kruskal-Wallis test, with a significance level of 5%.

Results: a total of 585 students participated in the study. A high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was found among university students in the post-COVID-19 context, with a notable severity of anxiety. A negative association was detected between the investigated negative affectivity, academic performance, and professional outlook.

Conclusions: the results indicate an emotional vulnerability in university students, with a relationship between negative affectivity and a decline in academic performance and professional outlook.

Objectives: to evaluate the relative risk of smoking cessation treatment dropout during its intensive phase.

Methods: a retrospective and quantitative cohort study was developed from the electronic medical records of individuals who started smoking cessation treatment between 2015 and 2019 at a specialty clinic in a city in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil. The relative risk of dropping out of treatment was calculated using the Poisson regression model.

Results: it was observed that out of the 396 (100.0%) individuals who started the treatment, 109 (27.5%) abandoned it before the end of the intensive phase. For each one-year increase in age, the risk of dropping out of smoking cessation treatment decreased by an average of 2%.

Conclusions: the risk of dropping out of smoking cessation treatment is higher among younger individuals. It is necessary to rethink the care offered to younger adults to promote the continuity of treatment.

Objectives: to evaluate the factors associated with COVID-19 death in pregnant women hospitalized in Intensive Care Units in Brazil.

Methods: this ecological study was conducted using secondary data from Brazilian pregnant women with COVID-19 hospitalized in Intensive Care Units between March 2020 and March 2022. Univariate analysis and logistic regression were employed.

Results: out of 3,547 pregnant women with COVID-19 hospitalized in Intensive Care Units, 811 died (22.8%). It was found that lack of COVID-19 vaccination (OR: 2.73; 95% CI: 1.83; 4.04), dyspnea (OR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.17; 2.56), obesity (OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.05; 2.17), chronic cardiovascular disease (OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.14; 2.38), and non-white race/color (OR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.00; 1.66) were independently and significantly associated with death.

Conclusions: it is concluded that vaccination status, presence of comorbidities, and clinical and ethnic-racial characteristics are associated with COVID-19 death in pregnant women hospitalized in Intensive Care Units in Brazil.

Objectives: to investigate the influence of the leukoreduction moment (preor post-storage) of blood components on the clinical outcomes of patients transfused in the emergency department.

Methods: retrospective cohort study of patients aged 18 years or older who received preor post-storage leukoreduced red blood cell or platelet concentrate in the emergency department and remained in the institution for more than 24 hours. A generalized mixed-effects model was applied in the analyses.

Results: in a sample of 373 patients (63.27% male, mean age 54.83) and 643 transfusions (69.98% red blood cell), it was identified that the leukoreduction moment influenced the length of hospital stay (p<0.009), but was not dependent on the transfused blood component (p=0.124). The leukoreduction moment had no effect (p>0.050) on transfusion reactions, healthcare-associated infections, or mortality.

Conclusions: patients who received pre-storage leukoreduced blood components in the emergency department had a shorter length of hospital stay.