Revista Brasileira De Enfermagem最新文献

Objective: to comparatively analyze the health, education and social development systems of Brazil and Portugal, their relationship with the Sustainable Development Goals and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development averages.

Method: exploratory and descriptive qualitative research, through documentary analysis. The indicators address health, education and social development, considering life expectancy, mortality, prevalence of chronic diseases, literacy, educational performance and poverty rates.

Results: indicate significant differences between countries. Portugal presents better indicators in life expectancy, educational quality and poverty rates, whereas Brazil faces greater challenges in chronic diseases and equity in access to healthcare services.

Final considerations: the importance of public policies adapted to local realities and the need for a strategic vision for healthcare systems aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals, in addition to the need for continuous investments and integration of digital health for efficient and equitable systems, stand out.

Objective: to analyze how motherhood is expressed in female prison units from the perspective of Bioethics of Protection.

Method: qualitative research with an ethnographic approach, developed in two women's prison units. Participantes were: six mothers deprived of liberty, 15 health professionals, and nine prison officers. For data collection, semi-structured interviews and descriptive observation were used. Data analysis was based on the Content Analysis technique, thematic category.

Results: three categories emerged: women and children violated behind bars (inequities); mothers and children in prison exacerbating imbalances, tensions and conflicts; and limits and references for resocialization.

Final considerations: the Bioethics of Protection proposal appears as a valid tool for the analytical direction of the process of confronting issues in the scope of public health in prison units, considering vulnerable groups and aiming at equity and human dignity.

Objective: To understand the clinical and epidemiological characteristics, outcomes, and nursing care of adult patients affected by COVID-19 in the Intensive Care Unit.

Methods: This is a quantitative, retrospective, and descriptive study. The study participants were clinical and epidemiological statistical reports. Variables analyzed included age, gender, race, comorbidities, signs and symptoms, length of hospital stay, use of mechanical ventilation, medications, infections, monitoring, invasive devices, positioning, diet, comfort, and clinical outcomes.

Results: The majority of individuals were men, of white race, with a mean age of 63 years, hypertensive, diabetic, and obese. The average length of hospital stay was 16 days. Most required invasive mechanical ventilation, vasopressor drugs, sedoanalgesia, and neuromuscular blockers.

Conclusion: Nursing care is related to monitoring, ventilation, medication administration, installation of devices, prone positioning, diet administration, and providing comfort.

Objective: to assess pain management in infants in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and discuss its articulation with the Sustainable Development Goals, with a focus on promoting neonatal well-being.

Method: a documentary study, retrospective in nature and quantitative approach, conducted in a NICU of a public hospital in Paraná, Brazil, between January and July 2022, with 386 medical records of infants, hospitalized for more than 24 hours, between 2019 and 2021. Data were subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis, considering p-value<0.05 as a statistical difference. National ethical guidelines were respected.

Results: all infants underwent at least one painful procedure, but only 13.7% had documented pain. Pharmacological interventions, such as fentanyl (25.9%), and non-pharmacological interventions, such as breastfeeding encouragement (86%) were used. Only 2.8% were reassessed.

Conclusion: there was a devaluation of neonatal pain management that may perpetuate neonatal well-being and sustainable development.

Objective: to understand the meanings and experiences of pregnancy among trans men in light of the Theory of Social Representations.

Methods: this is a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study, carried out with trans men selected for convenience and availability. Data production took place from September to October 2021, via the Google Meet® platform, based on interviews with a semi-structured script. Interview lexicographic textual analysis was performed using the Reinert method and instrumented by IRAMUTEQ version 7.0.

Results: social representations of pregnancy involved a wide field of meanings, in which efforts were articulated to accept opportune and solitary pregnancy, fear of the parturition process and influence of physical and emotional changes.

Final considerations: the study reinforces the importance of advanced nursing practice in assisting the pregnancy-puerperal cycle, based on the perspective of comprehensive care, equity in access to services and respect for differences.

Objective: to analyze occurrence of self-harm, sociodemographic profile of victims and referrals in the first 24 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in São Paulo.

Method: cross-sectional study carried out by the Notifiable Diseases Information System with data on self-harm in São Paulo. The period outlined was March 2020 to February 2022. R (4.0.2) software and chi-square test were used.

Results: there were 15,946 incidents. Victims were young, white, single, heterosexual women. There was high incidence of people with previous mental disorders more than once and without clear motivation. The method used was poisoning/intoxication. There was a considerable number of referrals to the health network, although not totalitarian.

Conclusion: the years of greater insecurity in relation to the pandemic have given rise to self-harm cases with peculiar characteristics. Agile health policies must be applied in atypical conditions, such as pandemics, especially for adolescents/young people with previous mental disorders.

Objectives: To identify in the scientific literature the prevalence, diagnostic methods, and exposure variables of latent infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in healthcare workers.

Methods: An integrative review of the scientific literature based on the following review question: What are the available scientific evidence in the literature that address the prevalence of latent infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in healthcare workers and its association with possible risk factors among these workers?

Results: Being a physician or nurse, being older, and being male were generally associated with higher prevalences. The study also showed that interferon-gamma release assays were more commonly used as a diagnostic method compared to skin tests.

Conclusions: More studies are needed regarding the epidemiology of latent infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the context of healthcare workers, aiming for higher impact actions that contribute to the reduction of tuberculosis worldwide.

Objectives: to identify how first-year nursing students use cyberspace and propose an orientation guide with criteria guiding the use of cyberspace.

Methods: qualitative and descriptive research, carried out with 24 nursing students from a federal public institution in Rio de Janeiro. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis occurred using IRAMUTEQ®. The research was approved by the institution's Research Ethics Committee.

Results: students use cyberspace to communicate, study, find "cool things", share photos and memories. Furthermore, they are concerned about hate speech, intolerance and fake news. The good and bad sides and the types of technologies most used were also portrayed.

Final considerations: the moral and ethical values of physical coexistence, together with awareness of individual responsibility, are the pillars for using cyberspace. The guide comes as an awareness tool.

Objective: To assess the morbidity profile and identify factors associated with frailty syndrome in post-COVID-19 elderly patients treated at the only Reference Center for Elderly Health Care in northern Minas Gerais.

Methods: This is a case series study, utilizing the Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index-20 (CFVI-20) and Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) to characterize and evaluate the health condition of the group. To define the variables associated with frailty, a multivariate analysis was conducted.

Results: The study included 204 elderly individuals, with a predominance of females (63.7%). The variables associated with frailty were cognitive impairment (OR: 2.95; 95% CI: 1.12-7.80; p=0.029), the presence of five or more comorbidities (OR: 11.55; 95% CI: 2.22-60.01; p=0.004), and impairment in instrumental activities of daily living (OR: 41.97; 95% CI: 5.47-321.93; p<0.001).

Conclusions: The results of this study highlight the need for a well-established and prepared coordination of integrated care to meet the demands of the post-COVID-19 elderly population.