A. Rodriguez, E. Jacobo, A. Grimoldi, R. Golluscio
Seeding pastures or forage crops by no-tillage methods usually involves the spray of glyphosate to suppress the existing vegetation. While many studies found detrimentaleffects of glyphosate on seed germination and seedling growth of the subsequent crop, others found negligible effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of glyphosate spraying on germination, seedling emergence and seedling growth of four forage species: Trifolium repens, Lotus tenuis, Festuca arundinacea and Paspalum dilatatum. The experiment was carried out spraying glyphosate on the pre-existing vegetation and on bare soil 1, 30, 60 and 90 days before sowing, and a control treatmentsprayed with water. Glyphosate sprayed on pre-existing vegetation 1 to 60 days before seeding reduced emergence, while sprayed 1 to 30 or 1 to 60 days before seeding reduced seedlings belowground biomass and root length of all species and aboveground biomass of legumes respect to sprayed 90 days before seeding, sprayed on bare soil, and control treatment. This herbicide would remain active in the soil environment for at least 60 days after spraying when it was previously absorbed by plants, causing a severe damage to seedlings emergence and growth. Highlights: Glyphosate sprayed on pre-existing vegetation 1 to 60 days before seeding reduced seedling emergence of Trifolium repens, Lotus tenuis, Festuca arundinacea and Paspalum dilatatum. Glyphosate sprayed on pre-existing vegetation 1-30 or 1-60 days before seeding reduced seedlings belowground biomass and root length of all species and aboveground biomass of legumes Gyphosate sprayed 90 days before seeding or sprayed on bare soil did not affect seggling emergence and growth. Gyphosate would remain active in the soil environment for at least 60 days after spraying when it was previously absorbed by plants.
{"title":"Glyphosate sprayed on the pre-existing vegetation reduces seedling emergence and growth of forage species","authors":"A. Rodriguez, E. Jacobo, A. Grimoldi, R. Golluscio","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.063","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Seeding pastures or forage crops by no-tillage methods usually involves the spray of glyphosate to suppress the existing vegetation. While many studies found detrimentaleffects of glyphosate on seed germination and seedling growth of the subsequent crop, others found negligible effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of glyphosate spraying on germination, seedling emergence and seedling growth of four forage species: Trifolium repens, Lotus tenuis, Festuca arundinacea and Paspalum dilatatum. The experiment was carried out spraying glyphosate on the pre-existing vegetation and on bare soil 1, 30, 60 and 90 days before sowing, and a control treatmentsprayed with water. Glyphosate sprayed on pre-existing vegetation 1 to 60 days before seeding reduced emergence, while sprayed 1 to 30 or 1 to 60 days before seeding reduced seedlings belowground biomass and root length of all species and aboveground biomass of legumes respect to sprayed 90 days before seeding, sprayed on bare soil, and control treatment. This herbicide would remain active in the soil environment for at least 60 days after spraying when it was previously absorbed by plants, causing a severe damage to seedlings emergence and growth.\u0000Highlights:\u0000\u0000Glyphosate sprayed on pre-existing vegetation 1 to 60 days before seeding reduced seedling emergence of Trifolium repens, Lotus tenuis, Festuca arundinacea and Paspalum dilatatum.\u0000Glyphosate sprayed on pre-existing vegetation 1-30 or 1-60 days before seeding reduced seedlings belowground biomass and root length of all species and aboveground biomass of legumes\u0000Gyphosate sprayed 90 days before seeding or sprayed on bare soil did not affect seggling emergence and growth.\u0000Gyphosate would remain active in the soil environment for at least 60 days after spraying when it was previously absorbed by plants.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84849099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joseane Thereza Bigaran Aliotte, Andréa Leda Ramos de Oliveira
The aim of this research is to propose a performance evaluation system to rank the efficiency of fruit and vegetables (FV) distribution routes based on selected criteria related to logistic, distribution practices and physical losses that are part of the attributes associated with the food miles concept. To achieve this end, the multicriteria Preference Ranking Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) was adopted. The distance that a food item travels from the field to the table is an important logistical indicator and sooner it arrives in the hands of the consumer, the greater the degree of preservation of quality, i.e., the integrity of the item’s sensory and organoleptic characteristics. An analysis of the logistics involved should take into consideration issues such as distance, transportation time, pollutant emissions, conditioning, and all the other attributes pertinent to the food miles concept. Short routes were the most efficient, however the perishability of the product was not the main factor, this is because aspects related to a good ability to offer products, transport them safely and assertiveness in predicting demand contributed more to the high efficiency rates, thereby, it is the short routes that service the predilections of consumers who value locally produced food. Highlights: The performance of the efficiency of fruit and vegetables (FV) distribution based on food miles concept revels that the distance attribute is an important parameter; Product perishability was not the main factor that influenced the routes efficiency raking; Routes performance is multidimensional, considering operational aspects and sales management, safe transportation and assertiveness in predicting demand further, contributed to efficiency rates and reducing food losses and waste.
{"title":"Multicriteria decision analysis for fruits and vegetables routes based on the food miles concept","authors":"Joseane Thereza Bigaran Aliotte, Andréa Leda Ramos de Oliveira","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.069","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The aim of this research is to propose a performance evaluation system to rank the efficiency of fruit and vegetables (FV) distribution routes based on selected criteria related to logistic, distribution practices and physical losses that are part of the attributes associated with the food miles concept. To achieve this end, the multicriteria Preference Ranking Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) was adopted. The distance that a food item travels from the field to the table is an important logistical indicator and sooner it arrives in the hands of the consumer, the greater the degree of preservation of quality, i.e., the integrity of the item’s sensory and organoleptic characteristics. An analysis of the logistics involved should take into consideration issues such as distance, transportation time, pollutant emissions, conditioning, and all the other attributes pertinent to the food miles concept. Short routes were the most efficient, however the perishability of the product was not the main factor, this is because aspects related to a good ability to offer products, transport them safely and assertiveness in predicting demand contributed more to the high efficiency rates, thereby, it is the short routes that service the predilections of consumers who value locally produced food.\u0000Highlights:\u0000\u0000The performance of the efficiency of fruit and vegetables (FV) distribution based on food miles concept revels that the distance attribute is an important parameter;\u0000Product perishability was not the main factor that influenced the routes efficiency raking;\u0000Routes performance is multidimensional, considering operational aspects and sales management, safe transportation and assertiveness in predicting demand further, contributed to efficiency rates and reducing food losses and waste.\u0000\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90994309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Galon, Leonadro Do Amarante, Emanuel Luis Favretto, D. C. Cavaletti, Otilo Daniel Henz Neto, D. Brandler, Victor Miguel Signori, G. Concenço, I. Aspiazú, Michelangelo Muzzel Trezzi, T. S. Melo
The objective of this work was to evaluate the competitive ability of carioca bean cultivars BRS FC104, BRS FC402, IAC Imperador, IAC Milênio, IPR Tangará, and SCS Riqueza in the presence of Alexandergrass (Urochloa plantaginea) in different proportions of plants in association. The experiments were carried out in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with four replications. The treatments were arranged according to the proportions of beans and Alexandergrass plants: 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 or 40:00, 30:10, 20:20, 10:30, and 0:40 plants per pot. The competitiveness of the species was analyzed using diagrams applied to replacement experiments and also through relative competitiveness indices. At 30 days after crop emergence, leaf area (LA), height (HP), diameter (DP), and shoot dry mass (SM) of the plant shoots were measured, as well as variables related to the physiology of the species. There was competition among carioca bean cultivars in the presence of Alexandergrass regardless of the proportion of plants, causing decreases in DP, LA and SM. Basically, there is competition for the same environmental resources between beans and Alexandergrass. Highlights: There is competition between bean and Alexandergrass, for the same environmental resources; There is varietal difference - IAC Imperador and SCS 205 Riqueza are the most competitive ones; The escape to competition is the best approach to guarantee yield in Alexandergrass-infested fields.
{"title":"Competitive ability of bean cultivars with Urochloa plantaginea","authors":"L. Galon, Leonadro Do Amarante, Emanuel Luis Favretto, D. C. Cavaletti, Otilo Daniel Henz Neto, D. Brandler, Victor Miguel Signori, G. Concenço, I. Aspiazú, Michelangelo Muzzel Trezzi, T. S. Melo","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.071","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work was to evaluate the competitive ability of carioca bean cultivars BRS FC104, BRS FC402, IAC Imperador, IAC Milênio, IPR Tangará, and SCS Riqueza in the presence of Alexandergrass (Urochloa plantaginea) in different proportions of plants in association. The experiments were carried out in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with four replications. The treatments were arranged according to the proportions of beans and Alexandergrass plants: 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 or 40:00, 30:10, 20:20, 10:30, and 0:40 plants per pot. The competitiveness of the species was analyzed using diagrams applied to replacement experiments and also through relative competitiveness indices. At 30 days after crop emergence, leaf area (LA), height (HP), diameter (DP), and shoot dry mass (SM) of the plant shoots were measured, as well as variables related to the physiology of the species. There was competition among carioca bean cultivars in the presence of Alexandergrass regardless of the proportion of plants, causing decreases in DP, LA and SM. Basically, there is competition for the same environmental resources between beans and Alexandergrass.\u0000Highlights:\u0000\u0000There is competition between bean and Alexandergrass, for the same environmental resources;\u0000There is varietal difference - IAC Imperador and SCS 205 Riqueza are the most competitive ones;\u0000The escape to competition is the best approach to guarantee yield in Alexandergrass-infested fields.","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84420714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katrin Simon Elorz, Juan Sebastián Castillo Valero
The economic crisis has had an asymmetric effect on Spanish and regional/local economies. This study aims to analyze the strategies developed by cooperative wineries in Castilla-La Mancha (CLM) and their impact on performance measurements. The paper opted for an exploratory study based on a compilation of financial statements consisting of the traditional economic-financial profitability ratios (ROA, ROI, ROS) plus a specific analysis, Return of Owner Cooperative (ROC). We have also used two financial measurements: Liquidity and Leverage. Trade dynamism is the hallmark of wine cooperatives in CLM in terms of strategic action in the face of a crisis. Their resilience is patent in the conquest of foreign markets via low unit costs, which have been transferred to sales prices. The paper has implications for the understanding of the resilience of the agricultural cooperatives during the crisis period in question. The consistency of the results provides a context to promote the cooperative model as an essential factor in the social economy. This paper fulfils an identified need to show the cooperative model as a resilient one in the agricultural field and in the context of rural development. Highlights: Cooperative wineries contribute to economic and social development in Castilla La Mancha (Spain). Social economy companies withstood the crisis better due to their objective function (maximizing cooperative owners’ income) and thanks to their flexibility in terms of grape payment policies. The Return of Owner Cooperative (ROC) measures the transfer of income to farmers and is higher than the payment they would receive from other agents. The cooperative wineries have reacted to the crisis with good financial indicators: liquidity and leverage. The cooperative wineries have adopted a strategy based on exports that has allowed them to overcome the economic crisis.
{"title":"Resilience and performance of wine cooperatives in Castilla La-Mancha (Spain) during a period of financial crisis","authors":"Katrin Simon Elorz, Juan Sebastián Castillo Valero","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.068","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The economic crisis has had an asymmetric effect on Spanish and regional/local economies. This study aims to analyze the strategies developed by cooperative wineries in Castilla-La Mancha (CLM) and their impact on performance measurements. The paper opted for an exploratory study based on a compilation of financial statements consisting of the traditional economic-financial profitability ratios (ROA, ROI, ROS) plus a specific analysis, Return of Owner Cooperative (ROC). We have also used two financial measurements: Liquidity and Leverage. Trade dynamism is the hallmark of wine cooperatives in CLM in terms of strategic action in the face of a crisis. Their resilience is patent in the conquest of foreign markets via low unit costs, which have been transferred to sales prices. The paper has implications for the understanding of the resilience of the agricultural cooperatives during the crisis period in question. The consistency of the results provides a context to promote the cooperative model as an essential factor in the social economy. This paper fulfils an identified need to show the cooperative model as a resilient one in the agricultural field and in the context of rural development.\u0000Highlights:\u0000\u0000Cooperative wineries contribute to economic and social development in Castilla La Mancha (Spain).\u0000Social economy companies withstood the crisis better due to their objective function (maximizing cooperative owners’ income) and thanks to their flexibility in terms of grape payment policies.\u0000The Return of Owner Cooperative (ROC) measures the transfer of income to farmers and is higher than the payment they would receive from other agents.\u0000The cooperative wineries have reacted to the crisis with good financial indicators: liquidity and leverage.\u0000The cooperative wineries have adopted a strategy based on exports that has allowed them to overcome the economic crisis.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75046776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The presence of the “pear thrips” Taeniothrips inconsequens has been cited in Argentina in 1921 by Teresa Joan. This has affected exports of fruit tree propagation materials. However currently there is a concern about that citation because it was probably an incorrect identification of the thrips species. The objective of this work was to confirm the presence of Taeniothrips inconsequens in fruit orchards in Argentina. Fruit orchards were sampled in the main producing areas of Argentina. A total of 10,696 specimens from 393 samples were examined and no T. inconsequens were found. The citation of this species for Argentina could be the result of misidentifications. Ninety percent of the collected specimens corresponded to four species of thrips: 37% Frankliniella australis, 29% Thrips tabaci, 14% Frankliniella occidentalis and 10% Frankliniella gemina. Of the remaining 10%, 2% were larvae and 8% corresponded to the species Aneristothrips rostratus, Frankliniella frumenti, Frankliniella schultzei, Frankliniella inesae, Frankliniella juancarlosi, Frankliniella spp, Leptothrips mali, Aeolothrips fasciatipennis, Arorathrips texanus, Tenothrips frici, Haplothrips spp, Haplothrips fiebrigi, Haplothrips trellesi, Thrips australis, Karnyothrips spp., and Caliothrips phaseoli. Highlights Taeniothrips inconsequens was not found in Argentina. No slides of specimens collected in Argentina of inconsequens were found at the Museo de La Plata. Frankliniella gemina was dominant in Buenos Aires, Thrips tabaci in Mendoza, Haplothrips in Río Negro and Neuquén, Frankliniella occidentalis in Chubut and Santa Cruz, and Farnkliniella australis Morgan in San Juan. Frankliniella australis was dominant in almond and peach trees, while Thrips tabaci was dominant in pear and quince trees.
{"title":"Is Taeniothrips inconsequens (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) a pest of stone and pip fruit trees in Argentina?","authors":"Carlos Manuel De Borbón, María José Battaglia","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.070","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of the “pear thrips” Taeniothrips inconsequens has been cited in Argentina in 1921 by Teresa Joan. This has affected exports of fruit tree propagation materials. However currently there is a concern about that citation because it was probably an incorrect identification of the thrips species. The objective of this work was to confirm the presence of Taeniothrips inconsequens in fruit orchards in Argentina. Fruit orchards were sampled in the main producing areas of Argentina. A total of 10,696 specimens from 393 samples were examined and no T. inconsequens were found. The citation of this species for Argentina could be the result of misidentifications. Ninety percent of the collected specimens corresponded to four species of thrips: 37% Frankliniella australis, 29% Thrips tabaci, 14% Frankliniella occidentalis and 10% Frankliniella gemina. Of the remaining 10%, 2% were larvae and 8% corresponded to the species Aneristothrips rostratus, Frankliniella frumenti, Frankliniella schultzei, Frankliniella inesae, Frankliniella juancarlosi, Frankliniella spp, Leptothrips mali, Aeolothrips fasciatipennis, Arorathrips texanus, Tenothrips frici, Haplothrips spp, Haplothrips fiebrigi, Haplothrips trellesi, Thrips australis, Karnyothrips spp., and Caliothrips phaseoli.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000Taeniothrips inconsequens was not found in Argentina.\u0000No slides of specimens collected in Argentina of inconsequens were found at the Museo de La Plata.\u0000Frankliniella gemina was dominant in Buenos Aires, Thrips tabaci in Mendoza, Haplothrips in Río Negro and Neuquén, Frankliniella occidentalis in Chubut and Santa Cruz, and Farnkliniella australis Morgan in San Juan.\u0000Frankliniella australis was dominant in almond and peach trees, while Thrips tabaci was dominant in pear and quince trees.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89384712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
José Ricardo Tavares de Albuquerque, Hamurábi Anizio Lins, Manoel Galdino dos Santos, Márcio Alexandre Moreira de Freitas, Fernando Sarmento de Oliveira, Almir Rogério Evangelista de Souza, Lindomar Maria da Silveira, Glauber Henrique de Sousa Nunes, A. P. Barros Júnior, Paulo Fernando de Melo Jorge Vieira
The objective of the present work was to evaluate the influence of the genotype–environment interaction on genetically divergent soybean grown under semiarid conditions. Four experiments were carried out in randomized blocks with four replicates to evaluate twenty-one soybean genotypes. The following descriptors were used to quantify divergence: plant height, dry matter, oil content, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, the weight of 100 seeds, yield, days for flowering, and days for maturation. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean was used to group the genotypes from the Mahalanobis distance matrix estimated using the genotypic means estimated by the REML/BLUP method. The grouping of genotypes depended mainly on the effects of the interaction between genotypes and years. The joint analysis, without the effect of the interaction, allowed us to obtain two groups of genotypes. The most recommended crosses were those of the lines BRS Tracajá, BRS Pérola, BRS Carnaúba, M 8644 IPRO, BRS 8590, and BMX OPUS IPRO with the genotype BRS Sambaíba, especially the one between BMX OPUS IPRO and BRS Sambaíba. Highlights The grouping of genotypes is dependent on the evaluation conditions, mainly due to the effects of the genotype x years interaction. The use of estimates of the free genotypic means of the interaction obtained in the joint analysis may be a more adequate alternative to define the heterotic groups and, consequently, the crossings to be performed. The joint analysis, without the presence of the interaction effect, allows obtaining two groups of genotypes.
本研究旨在探讨基因型-环境互作对半干旱条件下大豆遗传变异的影响。采用4个试验，随机分组，4个重复，对21个大豆基因型进行鉴定。使用以下描述符来量化差异:株高、干物质、含油量、单株荚果数、每荚果粒数、百粒重、产量、开花天数和成熟天数。利用REML/BLUP方法估计的基因型均值估计的马氏距离矩阵，采用带算术平均值的非加权配对组方法对基因型进行分组。基因型的分型主要取决于基因型与年份的相互作用。联合分析，没有相互作用的影响，使我们获得了两组基因型。BRS Sambaíba基因型的选种以BRS tracaj、BRS psamoora、BRS Carnaúba、M 8644 IPRO、BRS 8590和BMX OPUS IPRO为主，尤其是BMX OPUS IPRO和BRS Sambaíba之间的选种。基因型的分组取决于评估条件，主要是由于基因型x年相互作用的影响。使用在联合分析中获得的相互作用的自由基因型平均值的估计可能是一个更充分的选择，以确定杂种优势群体，从而确定要进行的交叉。联合分析，没有相互作用的存在，允许获得两组基因型。
{"title":"Influence of genotype-environment interaction on soybean (Glycine max L.) genetic divergence under semiarid conditions","authors":"José Ricardo Tavares de Albuquerque, Hamurábi Anizio Lins, Manoel Galdino dos Santos, Márcio Alexandre Moreira de Freitas, Fernando Sarmento de Oliveira, Almir Rogério Evangelista de Souza, Lindomar Maria da Silveira, Glauber Henrique de Sousa Nunes, A. P. Barros Júnior, Paulo Fernando de Melo Jorge Vieira","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.060","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present work was to evaluate the influence of the genotype–environment interaction on genetically divergent soybean grown under semiarid conditions. Four experiments were carried out in randomized blocks with four replicates to evaluate twenty-one soybean genotypes. The following descriptors were used to quantify divergence: plant height, dry matter, oil content, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, the weight of 100 seeds, yield, days for flowering, and days for maturation. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean was used to group the genotypes from the Mahalanobis distance matrix estimated using the genotypic means estimated by the REML/BLUP method. The grouping of genotypes depended mainly on the effects of the interaction between genotypes and years. The joint analysis, without the effect of the interaction, allowed us to obtain two groups of genotypes. The most recommended crosses were those of the lines BRS Tracajá, BRS Pérola, BRS Carnaúba, M 8644 IPRO, BRS 8590, and BMX OPUS IPRO with the genotype BRS Sambaíba, especially the one between BMX OPUS IPRO and BRS Sambaíba.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000The grouping of genotypes is dependent on the evaluation conditions, mainly due to the effects of the genotype x years interaction.\u0000\u0000\u0000The use of estimates of the free genotypic means of the interaction obtained in the joint analysis may be a more adequate alternative to define the heterotic groups and, consequently, the crossings to be performed.\u0000The joint analysis, without the presence of the interaction effect, allows obtaining two groups of genotypes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77416625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. M. A. De Moura, Leonardo Siqueira Gloria, Thiago Vasconcelos Melo, Guilherme de Souza Moura
This study evaluated the nutraceutical effects of organic Selenium and vitamin E supplementation on performance, egg quality and antioxidant protection of Japanese quails. Forty-two posture cages with six birds each were randomly set in seven treatments. Each treatment consisted of the addition of 200 IU of vitamin E/kg of feed and increasing levels of organic Selenium. Significant differences were found in α-Tocopherol deposition, enzymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and oxidative bioindicator malondialdehyde (MDA) in egg yolk with vitamin E supplementation. We concluded that supplementing 200mg of vitamin E and 0.30 ppm organic Selenium did not affect bird performance, but improved egg quality and shelf life. Highlights: This study evaluated the nutraceutical effects of organic selenium and vitamin E supplementation on egg quality of Japanese quails. Forty-two posture cages with six birds each were randomly set in seven treatments. Each treatment consisted of the addition of 200 IU of vitamin E/kg of feed and increasing levels of organic selenium. Supplementing 200mg of vitamin E and 0.30 ppm organic selenium did not affect bird performance, but improved egg quality and shelf life.
{"title":"Nutraceutical effects of organic Selenium and vitamin E supplementation on performance, antioxidant protection and egg quality of Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica)","authors":"A. M. A. De Moura, Leonardo Siqueira Gloria, Thiago Vasconcelos Melo, Guilherme de Souza Moura","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.073","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This study evaluated the nutraceutical effects of organic Selenium and vitamin E supplementation on performance, egg quality and antioxidant protection of Japanese quails. Forty-two posture cages with six birds each were randomly set in seven treatments. Each treatment consisted of the addition of 200 IU of vitamin E/kg of feed and increasing levels of organic Selenium. Significant differences were found in α-Tocopherol deposition, enzymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and oxidative bioindicator malondialdehyde (MDA) in egg yolk with vitamin E supplementation. We concluded that supplementing 200mg of vitamin E and 0.30 ppm organic Selenium did not affect bird performance, but improved egg quality and shelf life.\u0000Highlights:\u0000\u0000This study evaluated the nutraceutical effects of organic selenium and vitamin E supplementation on egg quality of Japanese quails.\u0000\u0000\u0000Forty-two posture cages with six birds each were randomly set in seven treatments. Each treatment consisted of the addition of 200 IU of vitamin E/kg of feed and increasing levels of organic selenium.\u0000\u0000\u0000Supplementing 200mg of vitamin E and 0.30 ppm organic selenium did not affect bird performance, but improved egg quality and shelf life.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78245575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leandro M. Álvarez, Cecilia Vega Riveros, P. Villagra
In a climate change scenario, global forest loss had a direct impact on the hydrological cycle, making the protection of soil and water resources a central issue. In the Central Andes of western Argentina, information on Chacay (Ochetophila trinervis) mountain forests is scarce. This tree thrives along river and stream banks, fixes atmospheric nitrogen, and grows in impoverished soils. The seeds of O. trinervis are characterized by physical or physiological dormancy, and germination requires technique application. The main goal was to evaluate the effect of mechanical and chemical scarification, cold stratification, and hot water immersion on the final germination percentage, germination speed index, and the mean germination time of O. trinervis seeds. Our results show that mechanical and chemical scarification are the treatments that best inhibit seed dormancy in this species. Mechanical scarification with sandpaper is the treatment that offers a balance between effective results and an easy-to-apply technique. Sulfuric acid (SA) treatment is also efficient in breaking dormancy, but we recommend applying it under extreme careful laboratory conditions. Highlitghs: Our findings support the hypothesis that the seeds of O. trinervis show physical dormancy because either mechanical (M) or chemical scarification (SA) techniques achieved the highest germination values. Our results indicate that mechanical scarification (M) might be a practical option for O. trinervis seedling germination in the Central Andes of Western Argentina. Sulfuric acid (SA) treatment is also efficient in breaking dormancy, but we recommend applying it under extreme careful laboratory conditions.
{"title":"Pre-germination treatments on Ochetophila trinervis, a native Andean tree with potential use for restoration","authors":"Leandro M. Álvarez, Cecilia Vega Riveros, P. Villagra","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.067","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In a climate change scenario, global forest loss had a direct impact on the hydrological cycle, making the protection of soil and water resources a central issue. In the Central Andes of western Argentina, information on Chacay (Ochetophila trinervis) mountain forests is scarce. This tree thrives along river and stream banks, fixes atmospheric nitrogen, and grows in impoverished soils. The seeds of O. trinervis are characterized by physical or physiological dormancy, and germination requires technique application. The main goal was to evaluate the effect of mechanical and chemical scarification, cold stratification, and hot water immersion on the final germination percentage, germination speed index, and the mean germination time of O. trinervis seeds. Our results show that mechanical and chemical scarification are the treatments that best inhibit seed dormancy in this species. Mechanical scarification with sandpaper is the treatment that offers a balance between effective results and an easy-to-apply technique. Sulfuric acid (SA) treatment is also efficient in breaking dormancy, but we recommend applying it under extreme careful laboratory conditions.\u0000Highlitghs: \u0000\u0000Our findings support the hypothesis that the seeds of O. trinervis show physical dormancy because either mechanical (M) or chemical scarification (SA) techniques achieved the highest germination values.\u0000Our results indicate that mechanical scarification (M) might be a practical option for O. trinervis seedling germination in the Central Andes of Western Argentina.\u0000Sulfuric acid (SA) treatment is also efficient in breaking dormancy, but we recommend applying it under extreme careful laboratory conditions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90072379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Galon, G. Concenço, L. R. Agazzi, F. Nonemacher, T. S. Melo, Laryssa Barbosa Xavier Da Silva, G. F. Perin, I. Aspiazú
The objective of this study was to assess the competitive ability of canola (Brassicanapus var. oleifera) hybrids in competition with black oat (Avena strigosa) in a subtropical environment. The experiments were conducted in a greenhouse where canola hybrids ‘Hyola 61,’ ‘Hyola 76,’ ‘Hyola 433,’ and ‘Hyola 571’ were tested individually for their competitive performance with black oat. The plant proportion between black oat and the canola hybrid was changed (100%:0%; 75%:25%; 50%:50%; 25%:75%; and 0%:100%) while keeping the total population of plants constant (20 plants plot‑1). Photosynthesis rate (μmol m-2 s-1), internal CO2 concentration (μmol mol-1), and transpiration rate (mol H2O m-2 s-1) were assessed using an infrared gas analyzer 55 days after emergence. Leaf area (m2 m-2) and dry matter (g m-2) were also assessed on the same day. The data set was analyzed by the replacement series method for competition studies. There was evidence of intense competition between canola and black oat, independent of plant proportion. The competitive ability of canola was distinct among hybrids; Hyola 571 performed better than the others in the competition against black oat. Choosing the most competitive hybrid, such as Hyola 571, helps maintain high canola grain yield levels in areas infested with black oat. Highlights: There is difference in competition among canola hybrids against black oat; Hyola 571 performed better in the competition; Preference should be given for most competitive canola genotypes against weeds, and weed control should be carried out early in the critical period of interference; Aggressiveness is the most preponderant parameter in determining canola genotypes with superior ability in competition against weeds.
{"title":"Competitive ability of canola (Brassica napus var. oleifera) hybrids with black oat (Avena strigosa) in a subtropical environment","authors":"L. Galon, G. Concenço, L. R. Agazzi, F. Nonemacher, T. S. Melo, Laryssa Barbosa Xavier Da Silva, G. F. Perin, I. Aspiazú","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.046","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to assess the competitive ability of canola (Brassicanapus var. oleifera) hybrids in competition with black oat (Avena strigosa) in a subtropical environment. The experiments were conducted in a greenhouse where canola hybrids ‘Hyola 61,’ ‘Hyola 76,’ ‘Hyola 433,’ and ‘Hyola 571’ were tested individually for their competitive performance with black oat. The plant proportion between black oat and the canola hybrid was changed (100%:0%; 75%:25%; 50%:50%; 25%:75%; and 0%:100%) while keeping the total population of plants constant (20 plants plot‑1). Photosynthesis rate (μmol m-2 s-1), internal CO2 concentration (μmol mol-1), and transpiration rate (mol H2O m-2 s-1) were assessed using an infrared gas analyzer 55 days after emergence. Leaf area (m2 m-2) and dry matter (g m-2) were also assessed on the same day. The data set was analyzed by the replacement series method for competition studies. There was evidence of intense competition between canola and black oat, independent of plant proportion. The competitive ability of canola was distinct among hybrids; Hyola 571 performed better than the others in the competition against black oat. Choosing the most competitive hybrid, such as Hyola 571, helps maintain high canola grain yield levels in areas infested with black oat.\u0000Highlights:\u0000\u0000There is difference in competition among canola hybrids against black oat; Hyola 571 performed better in the competition;\u0000Preference should be given for most competitive canola genotypes against weeds, and weed control should be carried out early in the critical period of interference;\u0000Aggressiveness is the most preponderant parameter in determining canola genotypes with superior ability in competition against weeds.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"151 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87586318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work presents the results of a survey, following the Delphi methodology, to experts from the horticultural sector of Mexico and Spain. Interactions with experts have made it possible to identify relevant aspects where the level of consensus is high about the proliferation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives in the export sector of both countries, standing out: the horticultural sector's leadership in the implementation of standards, which responds to the demand for destination supermarkets in the US and Europe, which despite their particularities, have similar dynamics. Not implementing is considered a risk factor; the implementations are positive actions, which enhance the reputation of companies. Agricultural companies that have a lack of business culture, ignorance, and high administrative burden limit their development, especially among smaller production companies. The greatest progress has been made in the area of labor and environmental practices, areas where consumer concern is growing. Despite CRS initiatives are not providing an immediate benefit to companies, strategic spending is valued. The research is completed with a SWOT analysis (Weaknesses, Threats, Strengths and Opportunities), providing a valuable ranking of great interest for the design of competitive improvements. Highlights Corporate Social Responsibility (CRS) measures in the horticultural activity are driven mainly for the Supermarkets Chains. There are other factors to implement it: gain competitive advantage, improve the reputation of the sector, stay in the market. The Delphi Method is a useful instrument to identify advantages, limitations, and barriers to adopt food safety and Social Responsibility Standards in the global value chain in the agricultural sector. The horticultural activity is adopting several CRS standards in order to stay in the market such as: GRASP, FAIR TRADE, SEDEX, SA 8000. The Delphi Panel considers that the CRS standards and measures implemented improve the labor, environmental and human rights in the horticultural activity in Mexico and Spain.
{"title":"Implantation of corporate social responsibility measures in the horticulture in Mexico and Spain","authors":"Karina Adalessa Bañuelos Torrontegui, Belem D. Avendaño Ruiz, Federico Martínez-Carrasco Pleite","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.050","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the results of a survey, following the Delphi methodology, to experts from the horticultural sector of Mexico and Spain. Interactions with experts have made it possible to identify relevant aspects where the level of consensus is high about the proliferation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives in the export sector of both countries, standing out: the horticultural sector's leadership in the implementation of standards, which responds to the demand for destination supermarkets in the US and Europe, which despite their particularities, have similar dynamics. Not implementing is considered a risk factor; the implementations are positive actions, which enhance the reputation of companies. Agricultural companies that have a lack of business culture, ignorance, and high administrative burden limit their development, especially among smaller production companies. The greatest progress has been made in the area of labor and environmental practices, areas where consumer concern is growing. Despite CRS initiatives are not providing an immediate benefit to companies, strategic spending is valued. The research is completed with a SWOT analysis (Weaknesses, Threats, Strengths and Opportunities), providing a valuable ranking of great interest for the design of competitive improvements.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000Corporate Social Responsibility (CRS) measures in the horticultural activity are driven mainly for the Supermarkets Chains. There are other factors to implement it: gain competitive advantage, improve the reputation of the sector, stay in the market.\u0000The Delphi Method is a useful instrument to identify advantages, limitations, and barriers to adopt food safety and Social Responsibility Standards in the global value chain in the agricultural sector.\u0000The horticultural activity is adopting several CRS standards in order to stay in the market such as: GRASP, FAIR TRADE, SEDEX, SA 8000.\u0000The Delphi Panel considers that the CRS standards and measures implemented improve the labor, environmental and human rights in the horticultural activity in Mexico and Spain.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86457731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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