Sofía Solange Flamarique, Antonella Vilanova Perez, A. Luque, P. Rodríguez Pardina, L. Di Feo
Sweet potato yellow curling (YC), the most severe disease of sweet potato detected in Argentina, causes symptoms and damage to sweet potato crops in all cultivated regions. Since 2010/11, the presence of four viruses has been detected in symptomatic cv. Arapey INIA: two potyviruses non-persistently transmitted by Myzus persicae (sweet potato feathery mottle virus, SPFMV and sweet potato virus G, SPVG); a closterovirus, sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV) and a geminivirus, sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV), both transmitted by Bemisia tabaci in a semi-persistent and persistent manner, respectively. All the plants were collected from fields in Colonia Caroya, Córdoba province, Argentina. The objectives of the present work are to isolate and identify the virus or viruses involved in YC disease of sweet potato, and to elucidate the viral combination that reproduces YC symptoms. The most severe YC symptoms for this genotype in the field were only reproduced by a combination of the four viruses. The symptoms include chlorosis, stunting, mosaic, blistering, leaf curling, chlorotic spots, chlorotic patterns, leaf area reduction and distortion, and upward curling of leaf edges. The presence of each virus was detected by serological (DAS, NCM and TAS-ELISA) and molecular (PCR) tests. It is concluded that the interaction of SPFMV, SPVG, SPCSV and SPLCV is needed for the development of YC symptoms. Highlights Four viruses involved in yellow curling disease, SPFMV, SPVG, SPCSV and SPLCV were isolated and identified. The first antiserum produced in Argentina allows the fast, safe and efficient diagnosis of SPVG. The interaction of SPFMV, SPVG, SPCSV and SPLCV is needed for the manifestation of yellow curling in Argentina.
{"title":"Advances in the etiology of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) yellow curling disease in Argentina","authors":"Sofía Solange Flamarique, Antonella Vilanova Perez, A. Luque, P. Rodríguez Pardina, L. Di Feo","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.087","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Sweet potato yellow curling (YC), the most severe disease of sweet potato detected in Argentina, causes symptoms and damage to sweet potato crops in all cultivated regions. Since 2010/11, the presence of four viruses has been detected in symptomatic cv. Arapey INIA: two potyviruses non-persistently transmitted by Myzus persicae (sweet potato feathery mottle virus, SPFMV and sweet potato virus G, SPVG); a closterovirus, sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV) and a geminivirus, sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV), both transmitted by Bemisia tabaci in a semi-persistent and persistent manner, respectively. All the plants were collected from fields in Colonia Caroya, Córdoba province, Argentina. The objectives of the present work are to isolate and identify the virus or viruses involved in YC disease of sweet potato, and to elucidate the viral combination that reproduces YC symptoms. The most severe YC symptoms for this genotype in the field were only reproduced by a combination of the four viruses. The symptoms include chlorosis, stunting, mosaic, blistering, leaf curling, chlorotic spots, chlorotic patterns, leaf area reduction and distortion, and upward curling of leaf edges. The presence of each virus was detected by serological (DAS, NCM and TAS-ELISA) and molecular (PCR) tests. It is concluded that the interaction of SPFMV, SPVG, SPCSV and SPLCV is needed for the development of YC symptoms.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000Four viruses involved in yellow curling disease, SPFMV, SPVG, SPCSV and SPLCV were isolated and identified.\u0000The first antiserum produced in Argentina allows the fast, safe and efficient diagnosis of SPVG.\u0000The interaction of SPFMV, SPVG, SPCSV and SPLCV is needed for the manifestation of yellow curling in Argentina.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89552333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jorge Alonso Alcalá Jáuregui, J. C. Rodríguez Ortiz, M. Filippini, E. Martinez Carretero, Alejandra Hernández Montoya, Ángel Natanael Rojas Velázquez, Heriberto Méndez Cortés, Felix Alfredo Beltrán Morales
This study aimed to determine the presence of metal elements in fruits and leaves of three tree species as bioindicators in San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Ninety fruit and 90 leaf samples (30 per tree species) were collected at five sites (agricultural, suburban, commercial and services, urban, and mining), using the site and the presence of P. laevigata, S. molle, and A. farnesiana as references. Total concentrations of 13 metal elements were determined using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The species were significantly affected by Co, As, and Pb (ANOVA, p≤0.05). Considering the land use and the species, the contents determined in the leaves and fruits of the three species had sufficient and phytotoxic contents of Al, Cd, Co, Ni, Mn, Ti, and Cr, and excessive ranges with the possible phytotoxic effect of As, Cu, Pb, Zn, V, and Fe. The A. farnesiana had the highest concentrations of 12 heavy metals analyzed (HM). The variation in total metal concentrations between leaves and fruits ranged from 84.70 to 99.06%, with V, As, and Cr being prominent. The functionality of these tree species as phytoremediators and bioindicators is reviewed to evaluate environmental impacts on land use. Highlights Tree species represent a potential bioindicator for studying environmental pollutants due to their ability to accumulate heavy metals. The variation in total metal concentrations between leaves and fruits ranged from 84.70 to 99.06% The contents determined in the leaves and fruits of the three species trees had sufficient and phytotoxic HM contents. The tree species have phytoremediators capacity to evaluate environmental impacts and environmental contamination of land use.
{"title":"Metallic elements in foliar material and fruits of three tree species as bioindicators","authors":"Jorge Alonso Alcalá Jáuregui, J. C. Rodríguez Ortiz, M. Filippini, E. Martinez Carretero, Alejandra Hernández Montoya, Ángel Natanael Rojas Velázquez, Heriberto Méndez Cortés, Felix Alfredo Beltrán Morales","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.083","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the presence of metal elements in fruits and leaves of three tree species as bioindicators in San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Ninety fruit and 90 leaf samples (30 per tree species) were collected at five sites (agricultural, suburban, commercial and services, urban, and mining), using the site and the presence of P. laevigata, S. molle, and A. farnesiana as references. Total concentrations of 13 metal elements were determined using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The species were significantly affected by Co, As, and Pb (ANOVA, p≤0.05). Considering the land use and the species, the contents determined in the leaves and fruits of the three species had sufficient and phytotoxic contents of Al, Cd, Co, Ni, Mn, Ti, and Cr, and excessive ranges with the possible phytotoxic effect of As, Cu, Pb, Zn, V, and Fe. The A. farnesiana had the highest concentrations of 12 heavy metals analyzed (HM). The variation in total metal concentrations between leaves and fruits ranged from 84.70 to 99.06%, with V, As, and Cr being prominent. The functionality of these tree species as phytoremediators and bioindicators is reviewed to evaluate environmental impacts on land use.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000Tree species represent a potential bioindicator for studying environmental pollutants due to their ability to accumulate heavy metals.\u0000The variation in total metal concentrations between leaves and fruits ranged from 84.70 to 99.06%\u0000The contents determined in the leaves and fruits of the three species trees had sufficient and phytotoxic HM contents.\u0000The tree species have phytoremediators capacity to evaluate environmental impacts and environmental contamination of land use.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86633399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Galon, Alessandro Konzen, M. Bagnara, L. Brunetto, I. Aspiazú, Antônio Marcos Loureiro Da Silva, Daiane Brandler, Hugo Von Linsingen Piazzetta, A. L. Radünz, G. F. Perin
This study aimed to assess the interference and threshold level (TL) of Sida rhombifolia, the arrowleaf sida, competing with different soybean cultivars. The treatments comprised different soybean cultivars (NS 6909, NA 5909, DM 5958, Brasmax ELITE, Brasmax LANÇA, and SYN 13561) and densities of arrowleaf sida plants per square meter (m-2) (0, 2, 3, 4, 9, 15, 16, 23, 22, and 58; 0, 2, 3, 3, 6, 6, 10, 11, 18, and 47; 0, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 15, and 24; 0, 1, 4, 6, 12, 18, 19, 31, 44, and 50; 0, 4, 5, 6, 9, 13, 17, 20, 20, and 47; 0, 2, 3, 5, 9, 11, 15, 18, 29, and 30, respectively) for each cultivar. Cultivars NS 6909, NA 5909, and Brasmax Lança were more competitive than DM 5958, Brasmax Elite, and SYN 13561. The TL values varied from 0.55 to 0.95 plants m-2 for cultivars NS 6909, NA 5909, and Brasmax Lança, which exhibited greater competitiveness with arrowleaf sida. The lowest values of TL varied from 0.26 to 0.61 plants m-2 for cultivars DM 5958, Brasmax Elite, and SYN 13561, which had less competitiveness with weed. Highlights The rectangular hyperbola model adequately estimates the grain yield losses of soybean cultivars. The density of arrowleaf sida plants was the variable that best fitted the rectangular hyperbola model. Soybean cultivars NS 6909 IPRO, NA 5909 RG, and Brasmax Lança IPRO are the most competitive in the presence of arrowleaf sida. The levels of economic damage decrease with the increase in grain yield, in the soybean price, with the reduction in the cost of controlling arrowleaf sida and the herbicide efficiency.
{"title":"Interference and threshold level of Sida rhombifolia in transgenic soybean cultivars","authors":"L. Galon, Alessandro Konzen, M. Bagnara, L. Brunetto, I. Aspiazú, Antônio Marcos Loureiro Da Silva, Daiane Brandler, Hugo Von Linsingen Piazzetta, A. L. Radünz, G. F. Perin","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.086","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This study aimed to assess the interference and threshold level (TL) of Sida rhombifolia, the arrowleaf sida, competing with different soybean cultivars. The treatments comprised different soybean cultivars (NS 6909, NA 5909, DM 5958, Brasmax ELITE, Brasmax LANÇA, and SYN 13561) and densities of arrowleaf sida plants per square meter (m-2) (0, 2, 3, 4, 9, 15, 16, 23, 22, and 58; 0, 2, 3, 3, 6, 6, 10, 11, 18, and 47; 0, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 15, and 24; 0, 1, 4, 6, 12, 18, 19, 31, 44, and 50; 0, 4, 5, 6, 9, 13, 17, 20, 20, and 47; 0, 2, 3, 5, 9, 11, 15, 18, 29, and 30, respectively) for each cultivar. Cultivars NS 6909, NA 5909, and Brasmax Lança were more competitive than DM 5958, Brasmax Elite, and SYN 13561. The TL values varied from 0.55 to 0.95 plants m-2 for cultivars NS 6909, NA 5909, and Brasmax Lança, which exhibited greater competitiveness with arrowleaf sida. The lowest values of TL varied from 0.26 to 0.61 plants m-2 for cultivars DM 5958, Brasmax Elite, and SYN 13561, which had less competitiveness with weed.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000The rectangular hyperbola model adequately estimates the grain yield losses of soybean cultivars.\u0000The density of arrowleaf sida plants was the variable that best fitted the rectangular hyperbola model.\u0000 Soybean cultivars NS 6909 IPRO, NA 5909 RG, and Brasmax Lança IPRO are the most competitive in the presence of arrowleaf sida.\u0000The levels of economic damage decrease with the increase in grain yield, in the soybean price, with the reduction in the cost of controlling arrowleaf sida and the herbicide efficiency.\u0000\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"156 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77439483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inmaculada Marques-Perez, L. Rodríguez-Mañay, I. Guaita-Pradas
This research aims to identify and propose an analysis and redesign methodology for Supply Chain (SC) processes, leading to better performance and financial results. Our study focuses on the Ecuadorian flower industry redesigning processes and allowing higher levels of competitiveness. The methodology here proposed combines the SCOR (Supply Chain Operation Reference) and a Multi-Criteria Evaluation methodology, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The SCOR model allows mapping and describing the supply chain. By consulting with experts, the AHP helps examine and select decisive chain operational aspects for successful performance allowing redesign. According to the proposed methodology and expert consultation, those metrics, attributes, and processes with lower weight, should be improved. Although few research articles have applied the SCOR and AHP models to the agricultural sector, this study on the supply chain of the Ecuadorian floriculture sector leads us to conclude that model combination is a suitable methodology for supply chain analysis of any perishable product and, more specifically, the flower industry. Highlights Supply chain (SC) management is a crucial and decisive element in improving efficiency, productivity, and overall distribution and sale process. In perishable and temperature-sensitive products, like flowers, supply chain management (SCM) is imperative for avoiding financial losses. SCOR (Supply Chain Operation Reference) is a good model to measure SC performance. AHP helps examine and select decisive chain operational aspects for successful performance allowing redesign.
{"title":"Management improvement of the supply chain of perishable agricultural products by combining the Scor model and AHP methodology. The ecuadorian flower industry as a case study","authors":"Inmaculada Marques-Perez, L. Rodríguez-Mañay, I. Guaita-Pradas","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.084","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to identify and propose an analysis and redesign methodology for Supply Chain (SC) processes, leading to better performance and financial results. Our study focuses on the Ecuadorian flower industry redesigning processes and allowing higher levels of competitiveness. The methodology here proposed combines the SCOR (Supply Chain Operation Reference) and a Multi-Criteria Evaluation methodology, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The SCOR model allows mapping and describing the supply chain. By consulting with experts, the AHP helps examine and select decisive chain operational aspects for successful performance allowing redesign. According to the proposed methodology and expert consultation, those metrics, attributes, and processes with lower weight, should be improved. Although few research articles have applied the SCOR and AHP models to the agricultural sector, this study on the supply chain of the Ecuadorian floriculture sector leads us to conclude that model combination is a suitable methodology for supply chain analysis of any perishable product and, more specifically, the flower industry. Highlights Supply chain (SC) management is a crucial and decisive element in improving efficiency, productivity, and overall distribution and sale process. In perishable and temperature-sensitive products, like flowers, supply chain management (SCM) is imperative for avoiding financial losses. SCOR (Supply Chain Operation Reference) is a good model to measure SC performance. AHP helps examine and select decisive chain operational aspects for successful performance allowing redesign.","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82179966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ivan Funes Pinter, M. Salomón, J. N. Martín, E. Uliarte, A. Hidalgo
Bioslurries, obtained by anaerobic digestion of fresh organic matter, are emerging as a cheaper and low-impact alternative for synthetic products in agriculture. The aim of this study was to evaluate bioslurry obtained from biogas digestion (Biog), bioslurry for plant nutrition by FAO (Bfao), and lactic fermentation (Blac) as biostimulant in tomato and lettuce plants. Based on a toxicity test, a 10% dilution was finally applied to the plants. In lettuce, Bfao and Blac significantly increased aerial biomass (2.17 ±0.54 and 2.33 ±1.13 g respectively), regarding water control (1.16 ±0.60 g), while root biomass was only increased by Bfao (1.60 ±0.44 g) compared to control (0.66 ±0.34 g). All digestates increased chlorophyll content index (CCI), while yield (Fv/Fm) and performance index (Plabs) did not show differences with water control. In tomato, only aerial biomass was significantly increased by Bfao. All digestates significantly increased CCI, while Fv/Fm was only significantly higher in Bfao and Blac, related to water control. PIabs showed no differences. In both plant species, commercial fertilizer showed significantly higher values for all parameters. In conclusion, all digestates stimulated plant growth, Bfao showed the highest effect on tomatoes and lettuce biomass followed by Blac and Biog, being a cheaper, safer and lower-impact alternative for traditional products for crop growing. Highlights Digestates are valuable by-products, with different characteristics and effects on plant biomass, suggesting complex interactions. All digestates stimulated tomatoes and lettuce growth. The digestate designed by FAO showed the highest effect on plant biomass, constituting an adequate alternative for a cheaper, safer and low-impact strategy for crop growth.
{"title":"Effect of bioslurries on tomato Solanum lycopersicum L and lettuce Lactuca sativa development","authors":"Ivan Funes Pinter, M. Salomón, J. N. Martín, E. Uliarte, A. Hidalgo","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.082","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Bioslurries, obtained by anaerobic digestion of fresh organic matter, are emerging as a cheaper and low-impact alternative for synthetic products in agriculture. The aim of this study was to evaluate bioslurry obtained from biogas digestion (Biog), bioslurry for plant nutrition by FAO (Bfao), and lactic fermentation (Blac) as biostimulant in tomato and lettuce plants. Based on a toxicity test, a 10% dilution was finally applied to the plants. In lettuce, Bfao and Blac significantly increased aerial biomass (2.17 ±0.54 and 2.33 ±1.13 g respectively), regarding water control (1.16 ±0.60 g), while root biomass was only increased by Bfao (1.60 ±0.44 g) compared to control (0.66 ±0.34 g). All digestates increased chlorophyll content index (CCI), while yield (Fv/Fm) and performance index (Plabs) did not show differences with water control. In tomato, only aerial biomass was significantly increased by Bfao. All digestates significantly increased CCI, while Fv/Fm was only significantly higher in Bfao and Blac, related to water control. PIabs showed no differences. In both plant species, commercial fertilizer showed significantly higher values for all parameters. In conclusion, all digestates stimulated plant growth, Bfao showed the highest effect on tomatoes and lettuce biomass followed by Blac and Biog, being a cheaper, safer and lower-impact alternative for traditional products for crop growing.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000Digestates are valuable by-products, with different characteristics and effects on plant biomass, suggesting complex interactions.\u0000All digestates stimulated tomatoes and lettuce growth.\u0000The digestate designed by FAO showed the highest effect on plant biomass, constituting an adequate alternative for a cheaper, safer and low-impact strategy for crop growth.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84935126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. R. Sánchez-Pale, Rosalba Quiñones-Valdez, H. Silva-Rojas, Á. Castañeda-Vildózola, O. Franco-Mora, A. Valdez-Balero
Sugar cane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) is the most important agroindustrial crop of the tropics. Recently, sugar cane plants with chlorotic leaf streaking associated with the bacterium Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans have been observed. This disease impacts photosynthetic capacity and yield. Characterizing the spatio-temporal behavior of chlorotic mottling using prediction maps is an important element of integrated disease management. Here, we determine the spatial distribution of mottled stripe disease in sugar cane in southeastern Mexico. To do this, we randomly chose and georeferenced 80 points in commercial plots in 2016 and 2017 to determine the disease incidence. We generated an experimental semivariogram based on a predetermined theoretical model and estimated Kriging. The incidence was 2.93% in 2016 and 5.36% in 2017 in varieties ICP-MEX-92-1420, CP-72-2086, ITV-92-373, MEX-79434 and MEX-69-290. The spatial behavior of the bacteria fit the pentaspherical model in 2016 and the spherical model in 2017. Spatial interpolation was validated by Mean Error (ME), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Standardized Prediction Error (MSPE) values near zero, visualized using the generated map. The results will be used to guide management of mottled stripe disease in sugar cane in the affected area. Highlights H. rubrisubalbicans can persist from sugar cane growing season to the next and spread from one plot to another by different mechanisms. The chlorotic mottling of sugar cane showed an aggregate type spatial behavior at the regional level. The differences in spatial patterns between seasons show the dispersion potential of the disease in this crop system, as well as a latent infestation in the area. The semivariograms and maps show aggregate behavior of this disease, expressed as different spatial patterns given by the spatial dependence among points and the severity of the effects in each plot.
{"title":"Spatial pattern of mottled stripe disease (Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans) in sugar cane","authors":"J. R. Sánchez-Pale, Rosalba Quiñones-Valdez, H. Silva-Rojas, Á. Castañeda-Vildózola, O. Franco-Mora, A. Valdez-Balero","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.089","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Sugar cane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) is the most important agroindustrial crop of the tropics. Recently, sugar cane plants with chlorotic leaf streaking associated with the bacterium Herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans have been observed. This disease impacts photosynthetic capacity and yield. Characterizing the spatio-temporal behavior of chlorotic mottling using prediction maps is an important element of integrated disease management. Here, we determine the spatial distribution of mottled stripe disease in sugar cane in southeastern Mexico. To do this, we randomly chose and georeferenced 80 points in commercial plots in 2016 and 2017 to determine the disease incidence. We generated an experimental semivariogram based on a predetermined theoretical model and estimated Kriging. The incidence was 2.93% in 2016 and 5.36% in 2017 in varieties ICP-MEX-92-1420, CP-72-2086, ITV-92-373, MEX-79434 and MEX-69-290. The spatial behavior of the bacteria fit the pentaspherical model in 2016 and the spherical model in 2017. Spatial interpolation was validated by Mean Error (ME), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Standardized Prediction Error (MSPE) values near zero, visualized using the generated map. The results will be used to guide management of mottled stripe disease in sugar cane in the affected area.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000H. rubrisubalbicans can persist from sugar cane growing season to the next and spread from one plot to another by different mechanisms.\u0000The chlorotic mottling of sugar cane showed an aggregate type spatial behavior at the regional level.\u0000The differences in spatial patterns between seasons show the dispersion potential of the disease in this crop system, as well as a latent infestation in the area.\u0000The semivariograms and maps show aggregate behavior of this disease, expressed as different spatial patterns given by the spatial dependence among points and the severity of the effects in each plot.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88246713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Sousa, Dyb Youssef Bittar, Wilian Henrique Diniz Buso
Forage production in the Cerrado is based on well-defined seasons: a rainy summer, and a dry winter. To define strategies that minimize the seasonality of forage production, responses in growth and biomass accumulation of five irrigated forages were evaluated during winter. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a split plot arrangement, with five replicates, five forages in the plots (three of Panicum maximum - Mombasa, Tanzania, and Masai; two of Brachiaria brizantha - piatã and MG5), and five cuts in the subplots made from July to October 2016. Forages were cultivated with centre-pivot irrigation and the water level was defined according to the reference evapotranspiration determined through a Class A pan evaporation method, 0.8 kc, and two-day irrigation shifts. The number of shoots, leaves/tiller, leaves/plant, fresh leaf and stem biomass, dry leaf and stem biomass, fresh leaf mass/fresh stem mass ratio, dry leaf mass/dry stem mass ratio, and biomass accumulated in the five cuts were calculated. Irrigated forage during winter in the Goiás’ Cerrado showed satisfactory growth, reaching a lower plant height between cuts than those reported in the literature. Among the Panicum grasses, Mombasa grass stood out, and MG was superior to piatã grass. Highlights The forages Panicum maximum - Mombasa, Tanzania, and Masai -; and Brachiaria brizantha - piatã and MG5 -, presented satisfactory responses in growth and biomass accumulation in an irrigated culture during winter in the Goiás’ Cerrado. The Mombasa grass stood out among the forage of the genus Panicum and MG5 in the Brachiaria. The Mombasa and Brachiaria MG5 grasses are recommended for cultivation of irrigated forage during the winter in the Goiás’ Cerrado.
{"title":"Responses of Panicum and Brachiaria to irrigation during winter in the Goiás’ Cerrado-Brazil","authors":"C. Sousa, Dyb Youssef Bittar, Wilian Henrique Diniz Buso","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.088","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Forage production in the Cerrado is based on well-defined seasons: a rainy summer, and a dry winter. To define strategies that minimize the seasonality of forage production, responses in growth and biomass accumulation of five irrigated forages were evaluated during winter. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a split plot arrangement, with five replicates, five forages in the plots (three of Panicum maximum - Mombasa, Tanzania, and Masai; two of Brachiaria brizantha - piatã and MG5), and five cuts in the subplots made from July to October 2016. Forages were cultivated with centre-pivot irrigation and the water level was defined according to the reference evapotranspiration determined through a Class A pan evaporation method, 0.8 kc, and two-day irrigation shifts. The number of shoots, leaves/tiller, leaves/plant, fresh leaf and stem biomass, dry leaf and stem biomass, fresh leaf mass/fresh stem mass ratio, dry leaf mass/dry stem mass ratio, and biomass accumulated in the five cuts were calculated. Irrigated forage during winter in the Goiás’ Cerrado showed satisfactory growth, reaching a lower plant height between cuts than those reported in the literature. Among the Panicum grasses, Mombasa grass stood out, and MG was superior to piatã grass.\u0000\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000The forages Panicum maximum - Mombasa, Tanzania, and Masai -; and Brachiaria brizantha - piatã and MG5 -, presented satisfactory responses in growth and biomass accumulation in an irrigated culture during winter in the Goiás’ Cerrado.\u0000The Mombasa grass stood out among the forage of the genus Panicum and MG5 in the Brachiaria.\u0000The Mombasa and Brachiaria MG5 grasses are recommended for cultivation of irrigated forage during the winter in the Goiás’ Cerrado.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85806920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Williams‐Alanis, Ulises Aranda, Gerardo Árcos Cavazos, F. Zavala García, Marisol Galicia Júarez, María del Carmen Rodríguez Vázquez, J. Elizondo Barrón
Sorghum in Mexico ranks third in grain production. This study aimed to estimate general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for commercial and experimental sorghum grain parents and hybrids. The combining ability was estimated using the line x tester method described by Kempthorne. The experiment was established during the spring-summer 2018 cycle at INIFAP, Las Huastecas, México. It consisted of five lines, eight testers and 40 hybrids; in a randomized block design with three replications. The ANOVA showed highly significant differences for lines, testers, and line x testers, suggesting the existence of a broad base of genetic variability. GCA and SCA differences were statistically significant for grain yield, specific grain weight and plant height, indicating additive gene relevance, dominance and epistasis. For grain yield, the experimental lines: RB214A, RB225A and RB248A, and the testers RB133 and RB221, resulted significantly higher in GCA and superior to commercial RB225A line and RTx430 and RTx437 testers. Seventeen experimental hybrids were found to have significantly higher in SCA and were superior to INIFAP commercial hybrids. Highlights The combining ability was estimated using the line x tester method in grain sorghum; General Combining Ability (GCA) and Specific Combining Ability (SCA) were important for grain yield, grain specific weight and plant height. GCA and SCA differences were statistically significant for grain yield, specific grain weight and plant height, in grain sorghum, indicating additive gene relevance, dominance and epistasis.
{"title":"Line x tester analysis to estimate combining ability in grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)","authors":"H. Williams‐Alanis, Ulises Aranda, Gerardo Árcos Cavazos, F. Zavala García, Marisol Galicia Júarez, María del Carmen Rodríguez Vázquez, J. Elizondo Barrón","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.078","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Sorghum in Mexico ranks third in grain production. This study aimed to estimate general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for commercial and experimental sorghum grain parents and hybrids. The combining ability was estimated using the line x tester method described by Kempthorne. The experiment was established during the spring-summer 2018 cycle at INIFAP, Las Huastecas, México. It consisted of five lines, eight testers and 40 hybrids; in a randomized block design with three replications. The ANOVA showed highly significant differences for lines, testers, and line x testers, suggesting the existence of a broad base of genetic variability. GCA and SCA differences were statistically significant for grain yield, specific grain weight and plant height, indicating additive gene relevance, dominance and epistasis. For grain yield, the experimental lines: RB214A, RB225A and RB248A, and the testers RB133 and RB221, resulted significantly higher in GCA and superior to commercial RB225A line and RTx430 and RTx437 testers. Seventeen experimental hybrids were found to have significantly higher in SCA and were superior to INIFAP commercial hybrids.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000The combining ability was estimated using the line x tester method in grain sorghum; General Combining Ability (GCA) and Specific Combining Ability (SCA) were important for grain yield, grain specific weight and plant height.\u0000\u0000\u0000GCA and SCA differences were statistically significant for grain yield, specific grain weight and plant height, in grain sorghum, indicating additive gene relevance, dominance and epistasis.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73815327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amanda Dutra de Vargas, Fábio Luiz de Oliveira, Luciano José Quintão Teixeira, Mateus Oliveira Cabral, Lidiane Dos Santos Gomes Oliveira, Joab Luhan Ferreira Pedrosa
The already marked tendency for functional food consumption, low in calories, and with biologically active properties, has been increasing. In this scenario, yacon tuberous roots, with high levels of nutraceutical fructooligosaccharides, gain importance. However, these nutraceutical properties depend on fertilization management. Thus, our study aims to evaluate different doses of potassium fertilization on the physicochemical characteristics of yacon roots. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with 4 replications and 5 treatments: four doses of potassium fertilization (50%; 100%; 150%; 200%) of the reference value, corresponding to 178.7 kg.ha-1; 357.4 kg.ha-1; 536.1 kg.ha-1; 714.8 kg.ha-1 of potassium chloride – (KCl), and a control (soil without fertilization). The chemical features evaluated were pH, total titratable acidity, soluble solids, conductivity, turbidity, moisture and ashes. The texture profile was analyzed through toughness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, chewability index, elasticity, and gooeyness. Most of the variables were influenced by potassium soil fertilization. Only turbidity, conductivity and gumminess showed no response to the applied doses, not fitting the tested models. Potassium fertilization improved both chemical (higher levels of soluble solids and less acidity) and physical characteristics (less hardness, chewability, cohesiveness, and adhesion) of yacon tuberous roots, bringing greater quality to the final product. Highlights Yacon is considered a prebiotic food. Several immunostimulatory characteristics promote antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. Potassium is associated with root size, shape, texture, color, flavor, acidity, nutrient transport resistance, nutritional value, and even market value. Texture constitutes an important factor and quality criterion for the sensory acceptance of food. Thus, the results obtained show that potassium fertilization improves both physical and chemical characteristics of yacon roots. The best results were observed with the maximum dose of potassium fertilization (357.4 kg.ha-1 of KCl).
{"title":"Physical and chemical characterization of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) roots cultivated with different doses of potassium fertilization","authors":"Amanda Dutra de Vargas, Fábio Luiz de Oliveira, Luciano José Quintão Teixeira, Mateus Oliveira Cabral, Lidiane Dos Santos Gomes Oliveira, Joab Luhan Ferreira Pedrosa","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.079","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The already marked tendency for functional food consumption, low in calories, and with biologically active properties, has been increasing. In this scenario, yacon tuberous roots, with high levels of nutraceutical fructooligosaccharides, gain importance. However, these nutraceutical properties depend on fertilization management. Thus, our study aims to evaluate different doses of potassium fertilization on the physicochemical characteristics of yacon roots. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with 4 replications and 5 treatments: four doses of potassium fertilization (50%; 100%; 150%; 200%) of the reference value, corresponding to 178.7 kg.ha-1; 357.4 kg.ha-1; 536.1 kg.ha-1; 714.8 kg.ha-1 of potassium chloride – (KCl), and a control (soil without fertilization). The chemical features evaluated were pH, total titratable acidity, soluble solids, conductivity, turbidity, moisture and ashes. The texture profile was analyzed through toughness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, chewability index, elasticity, and gooeyness. Most of the variables were influenced by potassium soil fertilization. Only turbidity, conductivity and gumminess showed no response to the applied doses, not fitting the tested models. Potassium fertilization improved both chemical (higher levels of soluble solids and less acidity) and physical characteristics (less hardness, chewability, cohesiveness, and adhesion) of yacon tuberous roots, bringing greater quality to the final product.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000Yacon is considered a prebiotic food. Several immunostimulatory characteristics promote antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity.\u0000Potassium is associated with root size, shape, texture, color, flavor, acidity, nutrient transport resistance, nutritional value, and even market value.\u0000Texture constitutes an important factor and quality criterion for the sensory acceptance of food. Thus, the results obtained show that potassium fertilization improves both physical and chemical characteristics of yacon roots.\u0000The best results were observed with the maximum dose of potassium fertilization (357.4 kg.ha-1 of KCl).\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91530591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cecilia Ameneiros, Paulina Fratti, Agustina Sergio, Ana Paula Coelho-Duarte, M. Ponce-Donoso, Óscar Vallejos-Barra
Risk assessment of urban trees is an incipient practice in Latin America, generally performed with foreign methods, due to the lack of qualified personnel and locally validated or adapted methodology. This article evaluates the application of three methods on street trees in Montevideo city, Uruguay: Tree Hazard Risk Evaluation and Treatment System (THREATS), Quantified Tree Risk Assessment (QTRA) and Best Management Practices - Tree Risk Assessment (ISA BMP). Three assessors with similar experience applied three methods in 36 trees of three widely used genera, totaling 324 assessments and 1,296 data. The methods were decomposed into the components: Likelihood of Failure, Likelihood of Impact, Consequence and Risk Rating. The data were statistically analyzed through a generalized linear mixed model (p<0.05), for the factors: assessor, method, genus, and their interactions. Results showed no significant differences among assessors, but there were differences among methods, specifically for the Likelihood of Impact and Risk Rating components. The ISA BMP method presented higher means in these last two components. Still, this method is suggested for street trees in Montevideo until a more appropriate method is adapted or developed for local conditions. Highlights No significant differences were found among assessors, which encourages standard training for all assessors. The ISA BMP method presented the highest results for the likelihood of impact and risk rating. Target occupation rate influenced differences among genera found for the likelihood of impact component. The ISA BMP method is suggested for street trees risk assessment in Montevideo, until a method is adapted or developed. The absence of descriptors and categorizations, as well as the application time, need to be improved.
{"title":"Comparison of visual risk assessment methods applied in street trees of Montevideo city, Uruguay","authors":"Cecilia Ameneiros, Paulina Fratti, Agustina Sergio, Ana Paula Coelho-Duarte, M. Ponce-Donoso, Óscar Vallejos-Barra","doi":"10.48162/rev.39.081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.081","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Risk assessment of urban trees is an incipient practice in Latin America, generally performed with foreign methods, due to the lack of qualified personnel and locally validated or adapted methodology. This article evaluates the application of three methods on street trees in Montevideo city, Uruguay: Tree Hazard Risk Evaluation and Treatment System (THREATS), Quantified Tree Risk Assessment (QTRA) and Best Management Practices - Tree Risk Assessment (ISA BMP). Three assessors with similar experience applied three methods in 36 trees of three widely used genera, totaling 324 assessments and 1,296 data. The methods were decomposed into the components: Likelihood of Failure, Likelihood of Impact, Consequence and Risk Rating. The data were statistically analyzed through a generalized linear mixed model (p<0.05), for the factors: assessor, method, genus, and their interactions. Results showed no significant differences among assessors, but there were differences among methods, specifically for the Likelihood of Impact and Risk Rating components. The ISA BMP method presented higher means in these last two components. Still, this method is suggested for street trees in Montevideo until a more appropriate method is adapted or developed for local conditions.\u0000Highlights\u0000\u0000No significant differences were found among assessors, which encourages standard training for all assessors.\u0000The ISA BMP method presented the highest results for the likelihood of impact and risk rating.\u0000Target occupation rate influenced differences among genera found for the likelihood of impact component.\u0000The ISA BMP method is suggested for street trees risk assessment in Montevideo, until a method is adapted or developed.\u0000The absence of descriptors and categorizations, as well as the application time, need to be improved.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75308659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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