Pub Date : 2022-05-10DOI: 10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.001
Mónica Alicia Oudin
The research had as its object of study the "Learnings in the professional initiation of graduates of the FCEQyN-UNaM - At Secondary Schools". The objectives were: To know and understand the significances that graduates have about their workplace as a field of professional learning. To describe the resources, modalities and processes that enable the learning processes at the moment of initiation into professional life in secondary schools; to detect and analyze the place of graduates learning in school and the meaning they give to their own action; and to provide theoretical underpinnings and referential elements to broaden the conception of professional teacher training. The methodology was framed within the qualitative logic, from an interpretative-critical approach. The actors' perspective was considered, taking into account what they expect, how they are received, what they feel and what they believe they learn. We sought to deepen what is behind these situations and learning. The research had to look at the current institutional context where the graduates work. As research techniques, workshops with the graduates and in-depth interviews with registration were favored.
{"title":"Learnings in the professional initiation of graduates from the Teacher Training Careers at the FCEQyN - UNaM - At Secondary Schools","authors":"Mónica Alicia Oudin","doi":"10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.001","url":null,"abstract":"The research had as its object of study the \"Learnings in the professional initiation of graduates of the FCEQyN-UNaM - At Secondary Schools\". The objectives were: To know and understand the significances that graduates have about their workplace as a field of professional learning. To describe the resources, modalities and processes that enable the learning processes at the moment of initiation into professional life in secondary schools; to detect and analyze the place of graduates learning in school and the meaning they give to their own action; and to provide theoretical underpinnings and referential elements to broaden the conception of professional teacher training. \u0000The methodology was framed within the qualitative logic, from an interpretative-critical approach. The actors' perspective was considered, taking into account what they expect, how they are received, what they feel and what they believe they learn. We sought to deepen what is behind these situations and learning.\u0000The research had to look at the current institutional context where the graduates work. As research techniques, workshops with the graduates and in-depth interviews with registration were favored.","PeriodicalId":21243,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología","volume":"415 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76474454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-10DOI: 10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.006
Rithyeli Lage Souza, Igor Martins Coura, S. Silva
Steel is one of the most used materials in civil construction and, although it exhibits a very satisfactory performance in terms of mechanical properties, it has the disadvantage of susceptibility to tribochemical mechanisms. Corrosion of steel of reinforced concrete structures (Standard NBR 7480 - CA50) can affect its structural integrity, decreasing its resistance to external stresses, affecting the service life and, therefore, the durability of the structure. The most common pathological manifestations in steel structures are mainly caused by the accumulation of moisture, deficient drainage of rainwater, and lack of protection against the corrosion process. Polymeric coatings with Graphene and Graphene oxide (GO) can be seen as a solution to these corrosion problems in carbon steel due to its chemical stability combined with its high properties such as the degree of hydrophobicity, impermeability to many types of salts and gases, in addition to its good conductivity, GO additions allow to obtain a coating with greater durability. This work aims to discuss the influence of GO on the improvement of anti-corrosion coatings on carbon steel. The literature points out that the introduction of GO concentration in the mass ratios of 0.1 to 5% w/w in coatings has the potential to improve the tribochemical properties of the coating on carbon steel. In this article, a bibliographical review was carried out about the use of GO applied to carbon steel in civil construction, its main methods of processing composites of a polymeric matrix reinforced with graphene oxide, as well as to check if there is an improvement in the main properties of that material.
{"title":"Polymeric composite coatings with graphene and graphene oxide for the civil construction – A review","authors":"Rithyeli Lage Souza, Igor Martins Coura, S. Silva","doi":"10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.006","url":null,"abstract":"Steel is one of the most used materials in civil construction and, although it exhibits a very satisfactory performance in terms of mechanical properties, it has the disadvantage of susceptibility to tribochemical mechanisms. Corrosion of steel of reinforced concrete structures (Standard NBR 7480 - CA50) can affect its structural integrity, decreasing its resistance to external stresses, affecting the service life and, therefore, the durability of the structure. The most common pathological manifestations in steel structures are mainly caused by the accumulation of moisture, deficient drainage of rainwater, and lack of protection against the corrosion process. Polymeric coatings with Graphene and Graphene oxide (GO) can be seen as a solution to these corrosion problems in carbon steel due to its chemical stability combined with its high properties such as the degree of hydrophobicity, impermeability to many types of salts and gases, in addition to its good conductivity, GO additions allow to obtain a coating with greater durability. This work aims to discuss the influence of GO on the improvement of anti-corrosion coatings on carbon steel. The literature points out that the introduction of GO concentration in the mass ratios of 0.1 to 5% w/w in coatings has the potential to improve the tribochemical properties of the coating on carbon steel. In this article, a bibliographical review was carried out about the use of GO applied to carbon steel in civil construction, its main methods of processing composites of a polymeric matrix reinforced with graphene oxide, as well as to check if there is an improvement in the main properties of that material.","PeriodicalId":21243,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75026843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-10DOI: 10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.007
Miguel Suárez Castellá, C. Galian, J. Cabral, Rafael Gómez Kosky, Aydiloide Bernal Villegas, Irenaldo Delgado Mora, Dunia Nuñez Jaramillo, Midiala Bermúdez Calimano, Edel Toledo Rodríguez
The Sugarcane Biofactory at the Villa Clara Center Sugarcane Research Territorial Station plays a vital role in sugarcane production, since it provides seeds of high genetic and phytosanitary quality obtained by biotechnological methods. For this, strict control of the processes is required, derived from the requirements of environmental and personal asepsis established by in vitro propagation technology. However, the current quality control system presents a group of limitations and insufficiencies related to their information that were not related to each other, which makes it impossible to determine with certainty and speed the causes of production losses. Additionally, it is not complemented with operating procedures of the processes that are carried out in production. This problem was solved with the design and implementation of a group of improvements in the quality control system and operating procedures. These are validated by the results in a group of indicators: 100% customer satisfaction is achieved for the productions delivered, 3.8% lost in vitro production, 95% viable in vitro establishment, 99.3% of culture media produced with quality, 93% survival of in vitro plants during acclimatization, among others. All of this led to 100% compliance with the production plan.
{"title":"Improvement of quality control system of the in vitro production of sugarcane","authors":"Miguel Suárez Castellá, C. Galian, J. Cabral, Rafael Gómez Kosky, Aydiloide Bernal Villegas, Irenaldo Delgado Mora, Dunia Nuñez Jaramillo, Midiala Bermúdez Calimano, Edel Toledo Rodríguez","doi":"10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.007","url":null,"abstract":"The Sugarcane Biofactory at the Villa Clara Center Sugarcane Research Territorial Station plays a vital role in sugarcane production, since it provides seeds of high genetic and phytosanitary quality obtained by biotechnological methods. For this, strict control of the processes is required, derived from the requirements of environmental and personal asepsis established by in vitro propagation technology. However, the current quality control system presents a group of limitations and insufficiencies related to their information that were not related to each other, which makes it impossible to determine with certainty and speed the causes of production losses. Additionally, it is not complemented with operating procedures of the processes that are carried out in production. This problem was solved with the design and implementation of a group of improvements in the quality control system and operating procedures. These are validated by the results in a group of indicators: 100% customer satisfaction is achieved for the productions delivered, 3.8% lost in vitro production, 95% viable in vitro establishment, 99.3% of culture media produced with quality, 93% survival of in vitro plants during acclimatization, among others. All of this led to 100% compliance with the production plan.","PeriodicalId":21243,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73054286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-10DOI: 10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.004
C. G. Sambiasi, A. E. Pascual Barrera, Ana María Sambiasi
The Metropolitan Area of Misiones does not have an adequate treatment of construction and demolition waste (CDW) by the municipalities that comprise it, so they do not reach the bases of sustainable development. The aim of the article was to present a model for the quantification of CDW, developing a case study corresponding to the foundations of 154 social housing units located in the reference area by applying the Weighted Transfer Method. The adoption of this method was based on using different construction cost bases and quantifying the CDW expected to be generated in the work, obtaining the information of each element, material of the specifications and the spreadsheet, and the project budget and then organizing it according to the codification of the European Waste List. Finally, the mathematical model generated from the Weighted Transfer Method was applied to convert the resources consumed into the volume of concrete, steel and soil waste generated during the foundation of 154 social housing units. It was concluded that the model fulfils the premises of the work and that its application will support decision making regarding CDW management.
{"title":"Sustainable management of construction waste in the Metropolitan Area of Misiones","authors":"C. G. Sambiasi, A. E. Pascual Barrera, Ana María Sambiasi","doi":"10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.004","url":null,"abstract":"The Metropolitan Area of Misiones does not have an adequate treatment of construction and demolition waste (CDW) by the municipalities that comprise it, so they do not reach the bases of sustainable development. The aim of the article was to present a model for the quantification of CDW, developing a case study corresponding to the foundations of 154 social housing units located in the reference area by applying the Weighted Transfer Method. The adoption of this method was based on using different construction cost bases and quantifying the CDW expected to be generated in the work, obtaining the information of each element, material of the specifications and the spreadsheet, and the project budget and then organizing it according to the codification of the European Waste List. Finally, the mathematical model generated from the Weighted Transfer Method was applied to convert the resources consumed into the volume of concrete, steel and soil waste generated during the foundation of 154 social housing units. It was concluded that the model fulfils the premises of the work and that its application will support decision making regarding CDW management.","PeriodicalId":21243,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83869092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-10DOI: 10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.010
Augusto J. Vallejos, M. F. Tracogna, Mariana C. Carol Rey, Matías E. Bregant, M. Fernández, M. Cattana, María L Gariboglio Vázquez
The carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are one of the main concerns of global health, mainly those that are encoded by plasmids. The aim was to describe the progress of colonization by CPE in anal swabs of patients of intensive care unit (ICU) and COVID-ICU in an adult hospital from Chaco province, Argentina. A descriptive retrospective study was carried out between 2021 January to August. 379 anal swabs were studied, in 26% (n=98) CPE were detected. K. pneumoniae was the more frequent isolate. In January, in COVID-ICU, 18% of anal swabs where positive, being all identified as KPC carbapenemase. In August, in COVID-ICU, the total of positive anal swab raised to 81% and all detected carbapenemase were MBL type. In ICU, the percentage of positive anal swabs increased from 14% in January to 49% in August, where both KPC and MBL carbapenemases were detected. Of The total of colonized patients, 15% developed CPE infection. Active surveillance and control measures are necessary to keep down the spread of CPE.
{"title":"Frecuency of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae in anal swabs from an adult unit intensive care","authors":"Augusto J. Vallejos, M. F. Tracogna, Mariana C. Carol Rey, Matías E. Bregant, M. Fernández, M. Cattana, María L Gariboglio Vázquez","doi":"10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.010","url":null,"abstract":"The carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are one of the main concerns of global health, mainly those that are encoded by plasmids. The aim was to describe the progress of colonization by CPE in anal swabs of patients of intensive care unit (ICU) and COVID-ICU in an adult hospital from Chaco province, Argentina. A descriptive retrospective study was carried out between 2021 January to August. 379 anal swabs were studied, in 26% (n=98) CPE were detected. K. pneumoniae was the more frequent isolate. In January, in COVID-ICU, 18% of anal swabs where positive, being all identified as KPC carbapenemase. In August, in COVID-ICU, the total of positive anal swab raised to 81% and all detected carbapenemase were MBL type. In ICU, the percentage of positive anal swabs increased from 14% in January to 49% in August, where both KPC and MBL carbapenemases were detected. Of The total of colonized patients, 15% developed CPE infection.\u0000Active surveillance and control measures are necessary to keep down the spread of CPE.","PeriodicalId":21243,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81567261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-10DOI: 10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.002
Amaury Pérez Sánchez, José G. Baltá García, Jesús R. Montalván Viart, Elizabeth Ranero González, E. J. Pérez Sánchez
Ethylene oxide is an important industrial chemical compound used as an intermediate in the production of glycols and other plastics. In the present work, the process of ethylene oxide (EO) production from the catalytic oxidation of ethylene was simulated using the ChemCAD® simulator. Heat curves were obtained for each of the shell and tube heat exchangers used, while the flow rate and composition of the most important streams involved in the production process were determined. A sensitivity study was also carried out to establish the influence of a decrease in the feed temperature of the wash water to the absorbers on the amount of EO to be obtained in the distillation column. 22,163.5 kg/h of EO is obtained from the top of the distillation column with a purity of 98.29 %. The wash water should be fed to the absorbers at a temperature of 5 ºC to maximise the amount of EO to be obtained in the distillation column.
{"title":"Simulation of the ethylene oxide production process in ChemCAD® simulator","authors":"Amaury Pérez Sánchez, José G. Baltá García, Jesús R. Montalván Viart, Elizabeth Ranero González, E. J. Pérez Sánchez","doi":"10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.002","url":null,"abstract":"Ethylene oxide is an important industrial chemical compound used as an intermediate in the production of glycols and other plastics. In the present work, the process of ethylene oxide (EO) production from the catalytic oxidation of ethylene was simulated using the ChemCAD® simulator. Heat curves were obtained for each of the shell and tube heat exchangers used, while the flow rate and composition of the most important streams involved in the production process were determined. A sensitivity study was also carried out to establish the influence of a decrease in the feed temperature of the wash water to the absorbers on the amount of EO to be obtained in the distillation column. 22,163.5 kg/h of EO is obtained from the top of the distillation column with a purity of 98.29 %. The wash water should be fed to the absorbers at a temperature of 5 ºC to maximise the amount of EO to be obtained in the distillation column.","PeriodicalId":21243,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77978979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-10DOI: 10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.009
Alan Rolando Ayala Schimpf, María Mercedes Formichela, M. B. Mascheroni, Donovan Rivero, Marcela Luján Chamorro, Valeria Portillo, P. Zapata, C. Ferri
Cancer pathogenesis has been associated with genetic and epigenetic alterations that may lead to the inactivation or decrease of tumor-suppressor genes, such as the PTEN gene. In particular, alterations in the PI3K/PTEN signaling pathways are related to abnormalities associated with diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether the expression levels of the PTEN gene, the 32-bp deletion in the PTEN gene, and the methylation in the PTEN promoter are associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(T2DM) and cancer development. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from a total of 70 patients of both sexes: 40 patients with T2DM and 30 patients with T2DM and cancer(T2DM+C). In this a novel report that assesses the upregulation of PTEN in T2DM, we observed that PTEN expression is higher in T2DM patients than in healthy individuals and markedly lower in T2DM patients with cancer than in T2DM patients without cancer. Hypermethylation of the PTEN promoter is more frequent in T2DM patients with cancer. Genetic and epigenetic alterations of the PTEN gene may be a key in the relationship between T2DM and cancer. PTEN expression may serve as a potential candidate biomarker for cancer development in T2DM patients.
{"title":"Genetic and epi-genetic alterations of the PTEN gene: key in the relationship between type 2 diabetes and cancer","authors":"Alan Rolando Ayala Schimpf, María Mercedes Formichela, M. B. Mascheroni, Donovan Rivero, Marcela Luján Chamorro, Valeria Portillo, P. Zapata, C. Ferri","doi":"10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.009","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer pathogenesis has been associated with genetic and epigenetic alterations that may lead to the inactivation or decrease of tumor-suppressor genes, such as the PTEN gene. In particular, alterations in the PI3K/PTEN signaling pathways are related to abnormalities associated with diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether the expression levels of the PTEN gene, the 32-bp deletion in the PTEN gene, and the methylation in the PTEN promoter are associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(T2DM) and cancer development. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from a total of 70 patients of both sexes: 40 patients with T2DM and 30 patients with T2DM and cancer(T2DM+C). In this a novel report that assesses the upregulation of PTEN in T2DM, we observed that PTEN expression is higher in T2DM patients than in healthy individuals and markedly lower in T2DM patients with cancer than in T2DM patients without cancer. Hypermethylation of the PTEN promoter is more frequent in T2DM patients with cancer. Genetic and epigenetic alterations of the PTEN gene may be a key in the relationship between T2DM and cancer. PTEN expression may serve as a potential candidate biomarker for cancer development in T2DM patients.","PeriodicalId":21243,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79513166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-10DOI: 10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.003
Alexandre Zaccaron, Ra Frizzo, E. Zanoni, L. Nieves, Fábio Rosso, V. Nandi, O. Montedo, A. Bernardin
The study examined the microstructure of ceramics with the addition of glass waste at different temperatures ranging from 800 to 1000 °C. Samples were molded by piston without vacuum, with the incorporation of 20% (weight) of glass bottles, with coarse particles, for a better identification. The raw materials were analyzed chemically and mineralogically by XRF and XRD. The microstructural characterization was carried out by scanning electron microscopy, SEM and optical microscopy, in order to analyze the behavior of grain boundary and the interaction between the materials. The results showed that there is compatibility between the materials, where the increase in temperature causes a greater interaction, but when this temperature exceeds 900 ° C, pores appear in the glass, a phenomenon known as overfiring.
{"title":"Analysis of clay ceramic microstructure with the glass waste incorporation","authors":"Alexandre Zaccaron, Ra Frizzo, E. Zanoni, L. Nieves, Fábio Rosso, V. Nandi, O. Montedo, A. Bernardin","doi":"10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36995/j.recyt.2022.37.003","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined the microstructure of ceramics with the addition of glass waste at different temperatures ranging from 800 to 1000 °C. Samples were molded by piston without vacuum, with the incorporation of 20% (weight) of glass bottles, with coarse particles, for a better identification. The raw materials were analyzed chemically and mineralogically by XRF and XRD. The microstructural characterization was carried out by scanning electron microscopy, SEM and optical microscopy, in order to analyze the behavior of grain boundary and the interaction between the materials. The results showed that there is compatibility between the materials, where the increase in temperature causes a greater interaction, but when this temperature exceeds 900 ° C, pores appear in the glass, a phenomenon known as overfiring.","PeriodicalId":21243,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86484255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dentro de las hortalizas que se cultivan en la Región Caribe, en especial en el Valle del Sinú y la Región de Sabanas, Colombia, la berenjena ha alcanzado altos niveles de adaptación y posee gran aceptación en la dieta de los habitantes. No obstante, son escasos los estudios sobre la eficiencia económica del sistema de producción. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar la eficiencia técnica del cultivo mediane un análisis del costo de producción en los tres elementos básicos que lo componen como son: la mano de obra, los insumos y los servicios. Con datos obtenidos de una encuesta aplicada a 62 agricultores seleccionados por el método de muestreo simple, la información se analizó a través de estadísticas descriptivas, análisis de correlación y la formulación de un modelo econométrico tipo Cobb Douglas que plantea una relación funcional entre las cantidades de producto y los factores que intervienen en la producción. Los resultados muestran que un aumento del uso de los insumos causa el mayor incremento en el costo total, por su parte la mano de obra lo son en menor proporción y por ultimo los servicios son los que menos inciden en el aumento de los costos. Se concluye que hay ineficiencia en el uso de los factores de producción del 52% como resultado de la diferencia entre los costos reales y los costos potenciales, es decir que por más que el productor trata de usar bien los recursos incurre en cotos adicionales del orden de $ 2.123.283 COP por hectárea.
{"title":"Racionalidad del agricultor de berenjena (Solanum melongena L.) desde el punto de vista de los costos de producción en la Región Caribe de Colombia","authors":"Antonio María Martínez Reina","doi":"10.18779/cyt.v15i1.536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18779/cyt.v15i1.536","url":null,"abstract":"Dentro de las hortalizas que se cultivan en la Región Caribe, en especial en el Valle del Sinú y la Región de Sabanas, Colombia, la berenjena ha alcanzado altos niveles de adaptación y posee gran aceptación en la dieta de los habitantes. No obstante, son escasos los estudios sobre la eficiencia económica del sistema de producción. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar la eficiencia técnica del cultivo mediane un análisis del costo de producción en los tres elementos básicos que lo componen como son: la mano de obra, los insumos y los servicios. Con datos obtenidos de una encuesta aplicada a 62 agricultores seleccionados por el método de muestreo simple, la información se analizó a través de estadísticas descriptivas, análisis de correlación y la formulación de un modelo econométrico tipo Cobb Douglas que plantea una relación funcional entre las cantidades de producto y los factores que intervienen en la producción. Los resultados muestran que un aumento del uso de los insumos causa el mayor incremento en el costo total, por su parte la mano de obra lo son en menor proporción y por ultimo los servicios son los que menos inciden en el aumento de los costos. Se concluye que hay ineficiencia en el uso de los factores de producción del 52% como resultado de la diferencia entre los costos reales y los costos potenciales, es decir que por más que el productor trata de usar bien los recursos incurre en cotos adicionales del orden de $ 2.123.283 COP por hectárea.","PeriodicalId":21243,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90251611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Edwin José Borja Borja, Miguel Guara Requena, Danilo Isaac Vera Coello
Tectona grandis L.f. (teca) es un recurso forestal con gran demanda internacional, que en Ecuador representa un importante ingreso que genera anualmente un aproximado de 37 millones de dólares. Sin embargo, en los últimos años se ha visto amenazado por un problema fitosanitario denominado “muerte regresiva”. Con el objeto de determinar el perfil de los productores de teca y la incidencia de la enfermedad, se levantó información mediante una encuesta semiestructurada en 77 plantaciones, considerando los criterios de género, grupo étnico, rango de edad, nivel de educación, provincia y número de hectáreas. De entre los resultados obtenidos, resaltar que la edad de los entrevistados varía entre los 18 y 96 años, donde el 86.15% corresponde al género masculino y el 13.85% al femenino. El 75.33% son de etnia mestiza, el 10.39% montuvio y el 3.9% de otras etnias. La propiedad reside en los hombres en un 75.32%, en las mujeres en un 11.69%, y en la empresa privada o instituciones en un 12.99%. El 61.05% de los productores indicaron tener el problema fitosanitario, pero tras la evaluación del estado de las plantaciones se constató que la enfermedad se presentó en el 92.21%, por tanto, un 31.16% de los productores desconocen de la enfermedad, que varía entre el 0 y el 49% de incidencia entre las provincias ecuatorianas. Dado que este problema fitosanitario está en la mayoría de las plantaciones se recomienda manejos culturales para reducir su dispersión.
{"title":"Situación actual, problemas fitosanitarios y alternativas de manejo de la teca en Ecuador","authors":"Edwin José Borja Borja, Miguel Guara Requena, Danilo Isaac Vera Coello","doi":"10.18779/cyt.v14i2.499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18779/cyt.v14i2.499","url":null,"abstract":"Tectona grandis L.f. (teca) es un recurso forestal con gran demanda internacional, que en Ecuador representa un importante ingreso que genera anualmente un aproximado de 37 millones de dólares. Sin embargo, en los últimos años se ha visto amenazado por un problema fitosanitario denominado “muerte regresiva”. Con el objeto de determinar el perfil de los productores de teca y la incidencia de la enfermedad, se levantó información mediante una encuesta semiestructurada en 77 plantaciones, considerando los criterios de género, grupo étnico, rango de edad, nivel de educación, provincia y número de hectáreas. De entre los resultados obtenidos, resaltar que la edad de los entrevistados varía entre los 18 y 96 años, donde el 86.15% corresponde al género masculino y el 13.85% al femenino. El 75.33% son de etnia mestiza, el 10.39% montuvio y el 3.9% de otras etnias. La propiedad reside en los hombres en un 75.32%, en las mujeres en un 11.69%, y en la empresa privada o instituciones en un 12.99%. El 61.05% de los productores indicaron tener el problema fitosanitario, pero tras la evaluación del estado de las plantaciones se constató que la enfermedad se presentó en el 92.21%, por tanto, un 31.16% de los productores desconocen de la enfermedad, que varía entre el 0 y el 49% de incidencia entre las provincias ecuatorianas. Dado que este problema fitosanitario está en la mayoría de las plantaciones se recomienda manejos culturales para reducir su dispersión.","PeriodicalId":21243,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89268435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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