Pub Date : 2020-09-23DOI: 10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.83170
T. Gnananandarao, V. N. Khatri, R. Dutta
This paper presents the application of artificial neural networks (ANN) and multivariable regression analysis (MRA) to predict the bearing capacity and the settlement of multi-edge skirted footings on sand. Respectively, these parameters are defined in terms of the bearing capacity ratio (BCR) of skirted to unskirted footing and the settlement reduction factor (SRF), the ratio of the difference in settlement of unskirted and skirted footing to the settlement of unskirted footing at a given pressure. The model equations for the prediction of the BCR and the SRF of the regular shaped footing were first developed using the available data collected from the literature. These equations were later modified to predict the BCR and the SRF of the multi-edge skirted footing, for which the data were generated by conducting a small scale laboratory test. The input parameters chosen to develop ANN models were the angle of internal friction (ϕ) and skirt depth (Ds) to the width of the footing (B) ratio for the prediction of the BCR; as for the SRF one additional input parameter was considered: normal stress (𝛔). The architecture for the developed ANN models was 2-2-1 and 3-2-1 for the BCR and the SRF, respectively. The R2 for the multi-edge skirted footings was in the range of 0,940-0,977 for the ANN model and 0,827-0,934 for the regression analysis. Similarly, the R2 for the SRF prediction might have been 0,913-0,985 for the ANN model and 0,739-0,932 for the regression analysis. It was revealed that the predicted BCR and SRF for the multi-edge skirted footings with the use of ANN is superior to MRA. Furthermore, the results of the sensitivity analysis indicate that both the BCR and the SRF of the multi-edge skirted footings are mostly affected by skirt depth, followed by the friction angle of the sand.
{"title":"Bearing capacity and settlement prediction of multi-edge skirted footings resting on sand","authors":"T. Gnananandarao, V. N. Khatri, R. Dutta","doi":"10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.83170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.83170","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the application of artificial neural networks (ANN) and multivariable regression analysis (MRA) to predict the bearing capacity and the settlement of multi-edge skirted footings on sand. Respectively, these parameters are defined in terms of the bearing capacity ratio (BCR) of skirted to unskirted footing and the settlement reduction factor (SRF), the ratio of the difference in settlement of unskirted and skirted footing to the settlement of unskirted footing at a given pressure. The model equations for the prediction of the BCR and the SRF of the regular shaped footing were first developed using the available data collected from the literature. These equations were later modified to predict the BCR and the SRF of the multi-edge skirted footing, for which the data were generated by conducting a small scale laboratory test. The input parameters chosen to develop ANN models were the angle of internal friction (ϕ) and skirt depth (Ds) to the width of the footing (B) ratio for the prediction of the BCR; as for the SRF one additional input parameter was considered: normal stress (𝛔). The architecture for the developed ANN models was 2-2-1 and 3-2-1 for the BCR and the SRF, respectively. The R2 for the multi-edge skirted footings was in the range of 0,940-0,977 for the ANN model and 0,827-0,934 for the regression analysis. Similarly, the R2 for the SRF prediction might have been 0,913-0,985 for the ANN model and 0,739-0,932 for the regression analysis. It was revealed that the predicted BCR and SRF for the multi-edge skirted footings with the use of ANN is superior to MRA. Furthermore, the results of the sensitivity analysis indicate that both the BCR and the SRF of the multi-edge skirted footings are mostly affected by skirt depth, followed by the friction angle of the sand.","PeriodicalId":21285,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingenieria E Investigacion","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82755995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-21DOI: 10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.81696
O. García, Eliana Rocio Baez Landeros
The impact of Information Technology (IT) in organizations has attracted the attention of professionals and academics in recent years. This article analyses the relation between the use of IT and the technologies of Industry 4.0 with internationalization and business performance. Through a study of 168 companies in Bogota city, different regression analyses have been carried out according to the research model proposed to estimate the effects of the determined variables. It is evident that companies with a greater degree use of IT present a greater degree of international activity. Likewise, the study established a model that demonstrates the direct relation between the use of IT and industry 4.0 technologies with business performance. For the statistical analysis the R studio software has been used.
{"title":"Analysis of IT and industry 4.0 technologies as facilitators of internationalization and business performance","authors":"O. García, Eliana Rocio Baez Landeros","doi":"10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.81696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.81696","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of Information Technology (IT) in organizations has attracted the attention of professionals and academics in recent years. This article analyses the relation between the use of IT and the technologies of Industry 4.0 with internationalization and business performance. Through a study of 168 companies in Bogota city, different regression analyses have been carried out according to the research model proposed to estimate the effects of the determined variables. It is evident that companies with a greater degree use of IT present a greater degree of international activity. Likewise, the study established a model that demonstrates the direct relation between the use of IT and industry 4.0 technologies with business performance. For the statistical analysis the R studio software has been used.","PeriodicalId":21285,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingenieria E Investigacion","volume":"143 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79746841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-17DOI: 10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.81421
D. Ballesteros, D. Renza, Jimmy Peña
The purpose of image encryption is to provide data privacy and security. The former ensures that only authorized personnel can access the original content, while the latter implies that there is no evident relationship between the encrypted and the original content, and that the key space is equally likely and large enough. In the current state of the field, there are several proposals of image encryption techniques with very high privacy (in terms of entropy) but weak in terms of security (i.e., small key space). Recently, a new encoding-based method that provides a long key space (namely 8,57 × 10506) with a middle value of entropy (87%) was proposed. Our proposal preserves the strength of the image encryption methods based on encoding, but with a higher value placed on security than the preliminary works. Every pixel of an image is mapped into an orthogonal code based on 256 bits. The 8-OVSF codes are selected to encode the image, given that the entropy of the inter-symbol is near the possible maximum. Numerous test results verify that our ciphered data have a very high value of entropy (98,5%) with an equally likely and long key space (8,57 × 10506), thus providing an adequate balance between privacy and security.
{"title":"Entropy-based image encryption using Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor (OVSF)","authors":"D. Ballesteros, D. Renza, Jimmy Peña","doi":"10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.81421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.81421","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of image encryption is to provide data privacy and security. The former ensures that only authorized personnel can access the original content, while the latter implies that there is no evident relationship between the encrypted and the original content, and that the key space is equally likely and large enough. In the current state of the field, there are several proposals of image encryption techniques with very high privacy (in terms of entropy) but weak in terms of security (i.e., small key space). Recently, a new encoding-based method that provides a long key space (namely 8,57 × 10506) with a middle value of entropy (87%) was proposed. Our proposal preserves the strength of the image encryption methods based on encoding, but with a higher value placed on security than the preliminary works. Every pixel of an image is mapped into an orthogonal code based on 256 bits. The 8-OVSF codes are selected to encode the image, given that the entropy of the inter-symbol is near the possible maximum. Numerous test results verify that our ciphered data have a very high value of entropy (98,5%) with an equally likely and long key space (8,57 × 10506), thus providing an adequate balance between privacy and security.","PeriodicalId":21285,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingenieria E Investigacion","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83689215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-17DOI: 10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.80124
José Danilo Rairán Antolines
Humans naturally control their surrounding space. However, that capacity has not been fully used to build better intelligent controllers, mainly because the reaction time of a person limits the number of industrial applications. In this paper, the author propose a method to overcome the problem of reaction time for a human in the control loop. This method, called Time Scaling Control, starts by modifying the constant times of the plant’s model to the point where control is comfortable for a human. Then, the controller acquires the knowledge that was expressed during the human control stage and places it in a Neural Network, which controls both scaled and original plants. Time Scaling Control highly improves the control performance compared with a PID, in this case demonstrated by the control of a direct current motor, which cannot be controlled by a human without time scaling control due to the speed of the system.
{"title":"Control of a Direct Current Motor Using Time Scaling","authors":"José Danilo Rairán Antolines","doi":"10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.80124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.80124","url":null,"abstract":"Humans naturally control their surrounding space. However, that capacity has not been fully used to build better intelligent controllers, mainly because the reaction time of a person limits the number of industrial applications. In this paper, the author propose a method to overcome the problem of reaction time for a human in the control loop. This method, called Time Scaling Control, starts by modifying the constant times of the plant’s model to the point where control is comfortable for a human. Then, the controller acquires the knowledge that was expressed during the human control stage and places it in a Neural Network, which controls both scaled and original plants. Time Scaling Control highly improves the control performance compared with a PID, in this case demonstrated by the control of a direct current motor, which cannot be controlled by a human without time scaling control due to the speed of the system.","PeriodicalId":21285,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingenieria E Investigacion","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82454154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-17DOI: 10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.82877
Teresita de Jesús Debernardi-Vázquez, N. Aguilar-Rivera, R. Núñez-Pastrana
There is a global problem involving the generation, management, disposal, and treatment of agro-industrial waste, since it requires technologies for its transformation into the sustainable production of food, fodder, biofuels, fibers, bioproducts, and biofertilizers. The citrus and sugarcane agroindustries generate waste or byproducts that require a special treatment to be reused. Sugarcane byproducts already have an established but unsustainable use. In the case of citrus fruits, 50-60% of the organic waste has an acidic pH (3-4), 95% organic matter, and 80-90% moisture. The objective of this research was to evaluate and model the pile composting method applied to byproducts of the orange and sugarcane agroindustries to obtain compost with competitive physicochemical parameters for use as a soil improver. The pile was designed with a pyramidal rectangular arrangement, and 9 points were established for temperature sampling in three different sections during composting. An average of 55 °C and a pH of 9,1 were obtained at the end of the process. Compared to the regional control, the C/N ratio (27,5), organic matter (65,5%), and macro- and microelements show improved characteristics for use in food production in agroecological agriculture.
{"title":"Composting of byproducts from the orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) and sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) agroindustries","authors":"Teresita de Jesús Debernardi-Vázquez, N. Aguilar-Rivera, R. Núñez-Pastrana","doi":"10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.82877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.82877","url":null,"abstract":"There is a global problem involving the generation, management, disposal, and treatment of agro-industrial waste, since it requires technologies for its transformation into the sustainable production of food, fodder, biofuels, fibers, bioproducts, and biofertilizers. The citrus and sugarcane agroindustries generate waste or byproducts that require a special treatment to be reused. Sugarcane byproducts already have an established but unsustainable use. In the case of citrus fruits, 50-60% of the organic waste has an acidic pH (3-4), 95% organic matter, and 80-90% moisture. The objective of this research was to evaluate and model the pile composting method applied to byproducts of the orange and sugarcane agroindustries to obtain compost with competitive physicochemical parameters for use as a soil improver. The pile was designed with a pyramidal rectangular arrangement, and 9 points were established for temperature sampling in three different sections during composting. An average of 55 °C and a pH of 9,1 were obtained at the end of the process. Compared to the regional control, the C/N ratio (27,5), organic matter (65,5%), and macro- and microelements show improved characteristics for use in food production in agroecological agriculture.","PeriodicalId":21285,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingenieria E Investigacion","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78723960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-17DOI: 10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.83709
Angel Villabona Ortíz, C. Tejada-Tovar, R. Ortega Toro
The effect of temperature on the adsorption of Cr (VI) was determined with waste materials from the agroindustry, such as palm bagasse and plantain peels, by determining the thermodynamic parameters which allow to establish the mechanisms that control the process. The methodology included an initial preparation of the biomass, its characterization, and subsequent adsorption tests by setting the initial concentration of the metal to 100 ppm, a particle size of 0,5 mm, a biomass amount of 0,325 g, pH 2, and a volume of 100 mL. The process temperature varied between 303,15, and 352,15 K. The concentration of the remaining metal in the solution was performed using the diphenyl carbazide colorimetric method through a UVVis spectroscopy at a wavelength of 540 nm. The results show that the effect of temperature does not present a defined trend for palm bagasse, whereas it is linear for adsorption using plantain peels. Furthermore, the process of adsorption of Cr (VI) with palm bagasse is more favorable at higher temperatures, since it is a spontaneous process with a physical adsorption mechanism. On the other hand, the adsorption process with plantain peels is thermodynamically feasible at temperatures from 40 to 55 °C and not spontaneous at higher temperatures. Also, a physicochemical adsorption mechanism was evinced. It is concluded that the use of the studied materials is possible in the removal of the Cr (VI) ion in aqueous solutions.
{"title":"Adsorption Thermodynamics of Cr(VI) Removal by using Agro-Industrial Waste of Oil Palm Bagasse and Plantain Peels","authors":"Angel Villabona Ortíz, C. Tejada-Tovar, R. Ortega Toro","doi":"10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.83709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.83709","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of temperature on the adsorption of Cr (VI) was determined with waste materials from the agroindustry, such as palm bagasse and plantain peels, by determining the thermodynamic parameters which allow to establish the mechanisms that control the process. The methodology included an initial preparation of the biomass, its characterization, and subsequent adsorption tests by setting the initial concentration of the metal to 100 ppm, a particle size of 0,5 mm, a biomass amount of 0,325 g, pH 2, and a volume of 100 mL. The process temperature varied between 303,15, and 352,15 K. The concentration of the remaining metal in the solution was performed using the diphenyl carbazide colorimetric method through a UVVis spectroscopy at a wavelength of 540 nm. The results show that the effect of temperature does not present a defined trend for palm bagasse, whereas it is linear for adsorption using plantain peels. Furthermore, the process of adsorption of Cr (VI) with palm bagasse is more favorable at higher temperatures, since it is a spontaneous process with a physical adsorption mechanism. On the other hand, the adsorption process with plantain peels is thermodynamically feasible at temperatures from 40 to 55 °C and not spontaneous at higher temperatures. Also, a physicochemical adsorption mechanism was evinced. It is concluded that the use of the studied materials is possible in the removal of the Cr (VI) ion in aqueous solutions.","PeriodicalId":21285,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingenieria E Investigacion","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89964904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-17DOI: 10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.82665
A. Luna, N. Aldana, Eider Alexander Narvaez
In a microgrid composed of distributed active generators based on renewable energy sources, with heterogeneous features and generation profiles, the availability of the energy resource, the energy reserve capacity, and the degradation of the storage unit, define the constraints for the management and dispatch of each active generator. This can result in sub-optimal use of distributed energy resources in comparison with the operation of a single generation unit. However, under the current trend oriented to distributed installations, the overall operation could be improved if an aggregated operation is considered within the management level. This paper proposes a coordinated operation of the storage units associated with distributed active generators for a hybrid grid-connected microgrid. In order to optimize the use of the active generators, including the equalization of the state of charge of the storage units, a mathematical model is proposed. This model tries to avoid uneven degradation of the storage units, and, consequently, enhance the reserve capacity and reduce the depth of discharge by achieving the operation of the distributed system as a unified system. The simulations are carried out in GAMS and MATLAB in order to validate the system’s operation. The results show a better performing grid-connected microgrid with the proposed approach.
{"title":"Optimal Coordination of Active Generators in a Grid-Connected Microgrid","authors":"A. Luna, N. Aldana, Eider Alexander Narvaez","doi":"10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.82665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/ING.INVESTIG.V40N3.82665","url":null,"abstract":"In a microgrid composed of distributed active generators based on renewable energy sources, with heterogeneous features and generation profiles, the availability of the energy resource, the energy reserve capacity, and the degradation of the storage unit, define the constraints for the management and dispatch of each active generator. This can result in sub-optimal use of distributed energy resources in comparison with the operation of a single generation unit. However, under the current trend oriented to distributed installations, the overall operation could be improved if an aggregated operation is considered within the management level. This paper proposes a coordinated operation of the storage units associated with distributed active generators for a hybrid grid-connected microgrid. In order to optimize the use of the active generators, including the equalization of the state of charge of the storage units, a mathematical model is proposed. This model tries to avoid uneven degradation of the storage units, and, consequently, enhance the reserve capacity and reduce the depth of discharge by achieving the operation of the distributed system as a unified system. The simulations are carried out in GAMS and MATLAB in order to validate the system’s operation. The results show a better performing grid-connected microgrid with the proposed approach.","PeriodicalId":21285,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingenieria E Investigacion","volume":"19 1","pages":"47-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83636563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-05DOI: 10.15446/ing.investig.v40n1.89684
A. Pavas, Nelson Arzola de la Peña
Recently, the different citation databases have updated their citation and positioning results. On this occasion, we want to show the readers of the Ingeniería e Investigación journal how our indicators have evolved in three of them.
最近，不同的引文数据库更新了他们的引文和定位结果。在这个场合，我们想向Ingeniería e Investigación期刊的读者展示我们的指标在其中三个方面是如何演变的。
{"title":"A Review of the Citation Indicators of the Ingeniería e Investigación Journal","authors":"A. Pavas, Nelson Arzola de la Peña","doi":"10.15446/ing.investig.v40n1.89684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v40n1.89684","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the different citation databases have updated their citation and positioning results. On this occasion, we want to show the readers of the Ingeniería e Investigación journal how our indicators have evolved in three of them.","PeriodicalId":21285,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingenieria E Investigacion","volume":"24 1","pages":"3-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82477177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-12DOI: 10.15446/ing.investig.v40n2.78649
F. Assef, M. T. Steiner
Dada su importancia en la gestion del riesgo financiero, el analisis del riesgo crediticio, desde su introduccion en 1950, ha tenido una gran influencia tanto en investigaciones academicas como en situaciones practicas. En este trabajo se propone una revision bibliografica sistematica que considere “Credit Risk” y “Credit risk” como parametros de busqueda para responder dos preguntas de investigacion principales: ?se estan aplicando efectivamente las tecnicas de aprendizaje automatico en las investigaciones sobre la evaluacion del riesgo de credito? Incluso, ?cuales de estas tecnicas cuantitativas se han aplicado mayoritariamente en los ultimos diez anos de investigacion? Se siguieron diferentes pasos para seleccionar los articulos para el analisis, asi como los criterios de exclusion para verificar solo los articulos con enfoques de aprendizaje automatico. Entre los resultados, se encontro que el aprendizaje automatico se esta aplicando ampliamente en la Evaluacion de Riesgo de Credito, donde en su mayoria se encontraron aplicaciones de Inteligencia Artificial (AI), mas especificamente, de Redes Neuronales Artificiales (ANN). Despues de la explicacion de cada respuesta, se presenta una discusion sobre los resultados.
{"title":"Ten-year evolution on credit risk research: a systematic literature review approach and discussion","authors":"F. Assef, M. T. Steiner","doi":"10.15446/ing.investig.v40n2.78649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v40n2.78649","url":null,"abstract":"Dada su importancia en la gestion del riesgo financiero, el analisis del riesgo crediticio, desde su introduccion en 1950, ha tenido una gran influencia tanto en investigaciones academicas como en situaciones practicas. En este trabajo se propone una revision bibliografica sistematica que considere “Credit Risk” y “Credit risk” como parametros de busqueda para responder dos preguntas de investigacion principales: ?se estan aplicando efectivamente las tecnicas de aprendizaje automatico en las investigaciones sobre la evaluacion del riesgo de credito? Incluso, ?cuales de estas tecnicas cuantitativas se han aplicado mayoritariamente en los ultimos diez anos de investigacion? Se siguieron diferentes pasos para seleccionar los articulos para el analisis, asi como los criterios de exclusion para verificar solo los articulos con enfoques de aprendizaje automatico. Entre los resultados, se encontro que el aprendizaje automatico se esta aplicando ampliamente en la Evaluacion de Riesgo de Credito, donde en su mayoria se encontraron aplicaciones de Inteligencia Artificial (AI), mas especificamente, de Redes Neuronales Artificiales (ANN). Despues de la explicacion de cada respuesta, se presenta una discusion sobre los resultados.","PeriodicalId":21285,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingenieria E Investigacion","volume":"95 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79252726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-11DOI: 10.15446/ing.investig.v40n2.83120
Liliana Carolina Hernández García, Nelson Fernando Lizarazo Salamanca
This research correlates the setting temperature of the Soil Cement (SC) with its resilient modulus, based on the maturity index of three mixtures made with different types of cements: general use, High Early Resistance, and Moderate Heat of Hydration. Each mix design has a compressive strength of 4,5 MPa at 7 days of age and durability measured with the 10% wetting and drying test. The method consisted of curing the samples of the three mix designs at three different temperatures -11, 30, and 40 ◦C- and then monitoring the development of the temperature within the samples during the first thirty hours. At 28 days of age, the resistance modulus of the samples was measured with cyclic triaxial equipment. After analyzing the results, a linear equation was deduced which would facilitate quality control during the construction process. This prevents microcracking of the compacted layers, since their fracturing is not neccessary during the extraction of nuclei and field density tests. This research correlates the setting temperature of the Soil Cement (SC) with its resilient modulus, based on the maturity index ofthree mixtures made with different types of cements: general use, High Early Resistance, and Moderate Heat of Hydration. Eachmix design has a compressive strength of 4,5 MPa at 7 days of age and durability measured with the 10% wetting and drying test.The method consisted of curing the samples of the three mix designs at three different temperatures 11,30, and 40 Candthenmonitoring the development of the temperature within the samples during the first thirty hours. At 28 days of age, the resistancemodulus of the samples was measured with cyclic triaxial equipment. After analyzing the results, a linear equation was deducedwhich would facilitate quality control during the construction process. This prevents microcracking of the compacted layers, sincetheir fracturing is not neccessary during the extraction of nuclei and field density tests.
{"title":"Resilient Module Soil-Cement Prediction based on Setting Temperature","authors":"Liliana Carolina Hernández García, Nelson Fernando Lizarazo Salamanca","doi":"10.15446/ing.investig.v40n2.83120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v40n2.83120","url":null,"abstract":"This research correlates the setting temperature of the Soil Cement (SC) with its resilient modulus, based on the maturity index of three mixtures made with different types of cements: general use, High Early Resistance, and Moderate Heat of Hydration. Each mix design has a compressive strength of 4,5 MPa at 7 days of age and durability measured with the 10% wetting and drying test. The method consisted of curing the samples of the three mix designs at three different temperatures -11, 30, and 40 ◦C- and then monitoring the development of the temperature within the samples during the first thirty hours. At 28 days of age, the resistance modulus of the samples was measured with cyclic triaxial equipment. After analyzing the results, a linear equation was deduced which would facilitate quality control during the construction process. This prevents microcracking of the compacted layers, since their fracturing is not neccessary during the extraction of nuclei and field density tests. This research correlates the setting temperature of the Soil Cement (SC) with its resilient modulus, based on the maturity index ofthree mixtures made with different types of cements: general use, High Early Resistance, and Moderate Heat of Hydration. Eachmix design has a compressive strength of 4,5 MPa at 7 days of age and durability measured with the 10% wetting and drying test.The method consisted of curing the samples of the three mix designs at three different temperatures 11,30, and 40 Candthenmonitoring the development of the temperature within the samples during the first thirty hours. At 28 days of age, the resistancemodulus of the samples was measured with cyclic triaxial equipment. After analyzing the results, a linear equation was deducedwhich would facilitate quality control during the construction process. This prevents microcracking of the compacted layers, sincetheir fracturing is not neccessary during the extraction of nuclei and field density tests.","PeriodicalId":21285,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingenieria E Investigacion","volume":"1 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78590669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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