Pub Date : 2022-08-05DOI: 10.14232/analecta.2022.1.42-49
Vasile Marius Pop, Tufisi Cristian, Gilbert-Rainer Gillich, Daniela Georgiana Burtea
Over functioning time, structures can be affected by multiple types of damages caused by fatigue, improper production methods, or exceeding loads. The current paper describes a method for evaluating the severity of transverse cracks that are present in beam-like structures based on changes in the natural frequencies. Because the presence of damage has a negative impact on the energy that a beam can store in the affected section, it is possible to find the influence of the crack on any other position along the beam, considering the stored normalized energy in that location. The technique is based on a mathematical relationship that provides the exact solution to the frequency changes of the bending vibration modes, considering two terms. The first term is related to the tensile energy stored in the beam, and the second term considers the increase of flexibility due to cracks, for this reason, damage assessment is performed in two stages; first, the location of the crack is found and then an assessment of its severity is performed. In this study, the aim is to test the developed method for estimating the severity of transverse cracks for different sections and lengths of beams.
{"title":"Evaluating the severity of transverse cracks in beam-like structures by using an energy loss method","authors":"Vasile Marius Pop, Tufisi Cristian, Gilbert-Rainer Gillich, Daniela Georgiana Burtea","doi":"10.14232/analecta.2022.1.42-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2022.1.42-49","url":null,"abstract":"Over functioning time, structures can be affected by multiple types of damages caused by fatigue, improper production methods, or exceeding loads. The current paper describes a method for evaluating the severity of transverse cracks that are present in beam-like structures based on changes in the natural frequencies. Because the presence of damage has a negative impact on the energy that a beam can store in the affected section, it is possible to find the influence of the crack on any other position along the beam, considering the stored normalized energy in that location. The technique is based on a mathematical relationship that provides the exact solution to the frequency changes of the bending vibration modes, considering two terms. The first term is related to the tensile energy stored in the beam, and the second term considers the increase of flexibility due to cracks, for this reason, damage assessment is performed in two stages; first, the location of the crack is found and then an assessment of its severity is performed. In this study, the aim is to test the developed method for estimating the severity of transverse cracks for different sections and lengths of beams.","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120883695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-05DOI: 10.14232/analecta.2022.1.71-76
Anita Vidács
Food preservation technologies are a continuously renewed area because of industrial and customer needs, social transformation and environmentally friendly processing and climate change. The shelf life of perishable food products must be extended with different technologies, for example using green methods like the edible coating (EC). EC is made from different biopolymers (chitosan, alginate, gelatine, agar), the effect can increase with using plant extracts. In this study, the effect of chitosan EC, chitosan EC+thyme essential oil (EO); effect of alginate EC, alginate EC+thyme EO was examined on fresh chicken breast having artificial contamination with Escherichia coli; Enterococcus faecalis, that the EC can extend the shelf life. The organoleptic quality of baked treated chicken breast was established also. Based on the result both EC can decrease the cell number (with 1-3 log CFU/g) on treated chicken breast and this antimicrobial effect was enhanced with thyme essential oil (3.2 µl/ml concentration). There was significant differences (p<0.05) between the two edible coatings. Alginate had better preservation effect, than chitosan. However, the thyme EO could increase the antimicrobial activity of chitosan in higher values, than the effect of alginate EC. In this experiment, the E. faecalis was more sensitive to treatment than the E. coli. In conclusion, the edible coating can be used as an alternative preservation technique and these combined with essential oils can extend the shelf life of chicken breast fillet.
{"title":"Antibacterial effect of edible coatings with essential oil","authors":"Anita Vidács","doi":"10.14232/analecta.2022.1.71-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2022.1.71-76","url":null,"abstract":"Food preservation technologies are a continuously renewed area because of industrial and customer needs, social transformation and environmentally friendly processing and climate change. The shelf life of perishable food products must be extended with different technologies, for example using green methods like the edible coating (EC). EC is made from different biopolymers (chitosan, alginate, gelatine, agar), the effect can increase with using plant extracts. In this study, the effect of chitosan EC, chitosan EC+thyme essential oil (EO); effect of alginate EC, alginate EC+thyme EO was examined on fresh chicken breast having artificial contamination with Escherichia coli; Enterococcus faecalis, that the EC can extend the shelf life. The organoleptic quality of baked treated chicken breast was established also. Based on the result both EC can decrease the cell number (with 1-3 log CFU/g) on treated chicken breast and this antimicrobial effect was enhanced with thyme essential oil (3.2 µl/ml concentration). There was significant differences (p<0.05) between the two edible coatings. Alginate had better preservation effect, than chitosan. However, the thyme EO could increase the antimicrobial activity of chitosan in higher values, than the effect of alginate EC. In this experiment, the E. faecalis was more sensitive to treatment than the E. coli. In conclusion, the edible coating can be used as an alternative preservation technique and these combined with essential oils can extend the shelf life of chicken breast fillet.","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122549395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-05DOI: 10.14232/analecta.2022.1.97-109
A. Rasheed, T. Ogedengbe, T. Abioye
In an attempt to provide a more flexible means of achieving friction stir welding (FSW) of Aluminum without the use of expensive FSW machine tool, which are not readily available, this study developed a mobile fixture system (MFS) for FSW on Vertical milling Machine Tool (VMMT) and Pillar drilling machine Tool (PDMT). A conceptual design of the fixture system with a moving work table, which provides for transverse feed (movement) of the workpieces during FSW, was generated. The detailed design of the components of the MFS was done using existing mechanical design formulae. Subsequently, the design was fabricated and evaluated. An ATmega 328P Arduino Uno microcontroller was used to design a control system to automate the MFS worktable movement. Results revealed that the MFS worked smoothly during FSW of AA 1100 materials. The MFS performed well during the FSW of the Aluminum materials on the VMMT as well as the PDMT. The efficiency of its motion accuracy was estimated as 87.2%. Also, the trend of the tensile strength and the hardness value as well as the joint efficiencies of the AA 1100 weldments produced using the developed MFS agreed with existing studies.
{"title":"A mobile fixture system for friction stir welding application","authors":"A. Rasheed, T. Ogedengbe, T. Abioye","doi":"10.14232/analecta.2022.1.97-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2022.1.97-109","url":null,"abstract":"In an attempt to provide a more flexible means of achieving friction stir welding (FSW) of Aluminum without the use of expensive FSW machine tool, which are not readily available, this study developed a mobile fixture system (MFS) for FSW on Vertical milling Machine Tool (VMMT) and Pillar drilling machine Tool (PDMT). A conceptual design of the fixture system with a moving work table, which provides for transverse feed (movement) of the workpieces during FSW, was generated. The detailed design of the components of the MFS was done using existing mechanical design formulae. Subsequently, the design was fabricated and evaluated. An ATmega 328P Arduino Uno microcontroller was used to design a control system to automate the MFS worktable movement. Results revealed that the MFS worked smoothly during FSW of AA 1100 materials. The MFS performed well during the FSW of the Aluminum materials on the VMMT as well as the PDMT. The efficiency of its motion accuracy was estimated as 87.2%. Also, the trend of the tensile strength and the hardness value as well as the joint efficiencies of the AA 1100 weldments produced using the developed MFS agreed with existing studies.","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122356570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-05DOI: 10.14232/analecta.2022.1.14-26
Ünkan Urganci, F. Işık
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive irreversible neurodegenerative disease in the hippocampus and cortex regions of the brain and is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly population among 40 million cases worldwide today, it is thought that this number will exceed up to 100 million by 2050. The disease is characterized by symptoms of memory loss, difficulty in speaking, decision making, learning, problem solving, and impaired perception of time and orientation. In its pathogenesis, the amyloid beta (Aβ) senile plaques accumulation in the extracellular synaptic spaces of the neurocortex, the formation of intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau protein deposition and neurofibrillary tangles (NFY) are important and triggered neurodegeneration mainly affects cognitive behavior and memory. Phenolic compounds are organic compounds containing a benzene ring to which one or more hydroxyl groups are attached. Studies have shown that regular consumption of polyphenols reduces the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases. Studies have reported that polyphenols inhibit Aβ production and accumulation processes by interacting with different forms of amyloid structure. In this study, polyphenols and their therapeutic properties against AD will be discussed extensively.
{"title":"The protective effects of dietary polyphenols on Alzheimer's disease","authors":"Ünkan Urganci, F. Işık","doi":"10.14232/analecta.2022.1.14-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2022.1.14-26","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive irreversible neurodegenerative disease in the hippocampus and cortex regions of the brain and is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly population among 40 million cases worldwide today, it is thought that this number will exceed up to 100 million by 2050. The disease is characterized by symptoms of memory loss, difficulty in speaking, decision making, learning, problem solving, and impaired perception of time and orientation. In its pathogenesis, the amyloid beta (Aβ) senile plaques accumulation in the extracellular synaptic spaces of the neurocortex, the formation of intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau protein deposition and neurofibrillary tangles (NFY) are important and triggered neurodegeneration mainly affects cognitive behavior and memory. Phenolic compounds are organic compounds containing a benzene ring to which one or more hydroxyl groups are attached. Studies have shown that regular consumption of polyphenols reduces the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases. Studies have reported that polyphenols inhibit Aβ production and accumulation processes by interacting with different forms of amyloid structure. In this study, polyphenols and their therapeutic properties against AD will be discussed extensively.","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114692263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-05DOI: 10.14232/analecta.2022.1.62-70
Z. Fabulya
Calculations typically performed on a calculator or computer show the result as a decimal fraction if it is not an integer. It would be easier to interpret the result if a value could be expressed with integers and operations, such as the root subtraction operation. This article shows how this can be done with a developed algorithm in Microsoft Excel, which recognizes the most famous irrational numbers and displays them in text form together with the character of the operation sign. For example, “5√3/2” is given for 4.330127019. It is also useful to display irrational numbers with integers because only an infinite number of decimal places in a decimal fraction could show the exact value, and that is not possible. So, the developed algorithm can display a more interpretable and accurate form of the irrational number. In addition to the results that can be written as square roots, the algorithm is capable of displaying irrational numbers that can be expressed as the number Pi, using the π character. The Excel algorithm which was implemented in Visual Basic for Applications shows all rational numbers as the quotient of two integers that are relative primes.
通常在计算器或计算机上执行的计算,如果结果不是整数,则显示为十进制分数。如果一个值可以用整数和运算(比如根减法运算)来表示,那么解释结果就更容易了。本文介绍了如何在Microsoft Excel中开发一种算法,该算法可以识别最著名的无理数,并将其与操作符号字符一起以文本形式显示。例如,4.330127019给出“5√3/2”。用整数显示无理数也很有用,因为在小数分数中只有无限个小数位数才能显示精确的值,而这是不可能的。因此,所开发的算法可以显示出更易于解释和准确的无理数形式。除了可以写成平方根的结果外,该算法还能够显示可以用π字符表示为圆周率的无理数。在Visual Basic for Applications中实现的Excel算法将所有有理数显示为两个相对素数整数的商。
{"title":"Designing an Excel VBA function to recognize more important irrational numbers","authors":"Z. Fabulya","doi":"10.14232/analecta.2022.1.62-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2022.1.62-70","url":null,"abstract":"Calculations typically performed on a calculator or computer show the result as a decimal fraction if it is not an integer. It would be easier to interpret the result if a value could be expressed with integers and operations, such as the root subtraction operation. This article shows how this can be done with a developed algorithm in Microsoft Excel, which recognizes the most famous irrational numbers and displays them in text form together with the character of the operation sign. For example, “5√3/2” is given for 4.330127019. It is also useful to display irrational numbers with integers because only an infinite number of decimal places in a decimal fraction could show the exact value, and that is not possible. So, the developed algorithm can display a more interpretable and accurate form of the irrational number. In addition to the results that can be written as square roots, the algorithm is capable of displaying irrational numbers that can be expressed as the number Pi, using the π character. The Excel algorithm which was implemented in Visual Basic for Applications shows all rational numbers as the quotient of two integers that are relative primes.","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117242082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-07DOI: 10.2174/97898150517281220101
A. Mészáros, J. Sárosi
Widely used robot systems have a rigid base structure that limits the interaction with their environment. Due to the inflexible attachment points, conventional robotic structures can only manipulate objects with their special gripping system. It can be difficult for these systems to grasp objects with different shapes, handle complex surfaces or navigating in a heavily crowded environment. Many of the species observed in nature, like octopuses are able to perform complex sequences of movements using their soft-structured limbs, which are made up entirely of muscle and connective tissue. Researchers have been inspired to design and build robots based on these soft biological systems. Thanks to the soft structure and high degree of freedom, these soft robots can be used for tasks that would be extremely difficult to perform with traditional robot manipulators. This article discusses the capabilities and usability of soft robots, reviews the state of the art, and outlines the challenges in designing, modelling, manufacturing, and controlling.
{"title":"Soft Robotics","authors":"A. Mészáros, J. Sárosi","doi":"10.2174/97898150517281220101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/97898150517281220101","url":null,"abstract":"Widely used robot systems have a rigid base structure that limits the interaction with their environment. Due to the inflexible attachment points, conventional robotic structures can only manipulate objects with their special gripping system. It can be difficult for these systems to grasp objects with different shapes, handle complex surfaces or navigating in a heavily crowded environment. Many of the species observed in nature, like octopuses are able to perform complex sequences of movements using their soft-structured limbs, which are made up entirely of muscle and connective tissue. Researchers have been inspired to design and build robots based on these soft biological systems. Thanks to the soft structure and high degree of freedom, these soft robots can be used for tasks that would be extremely difficult to perform with traditional robot manipulators. This article discusses the capabilities and usability of soft robots, reviews the state of the art, and outlines the challenges in designing, modelling, manufacturing, and controlling.","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"655 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132306704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.14232/analecta.2021.2.41-52
G. Hornyak, P. Bencs
One of the most debated topics of our time is climate change. For this reason, the European Union and the countries of the world are taking several steps to reduce and reverse the effect. When we talk about climate change or sustainable development, it is very important to also talk about the energy sector. The European Union aims to achieve climate neutrality by 2050, which will require significant changes in our lives, it will be a major challenge for mankind. In 2019, fossil fuels accounted for 80% of the world’s energy production. The production of energy from fossil fuels has several negative effects aside from climate change. When fossil fuels are burned, gases and particles harmful to human health are released into the air and some of the fossil fuels are raw materials to produce plastics, for example. If we use it for energy production, we waste our raw materials. What are the options for reducing the environmental impact? How can coal-based energy production be replaced? What are other ways to reduce the environmental impact? These topics are discussed in the article.
{"title":"Changes in the energy production to reduce the environmental impact","authors":"G. Hornyak, P. Bencs","doi":"10.14232/analecta.2021.2.41-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2021.2.41-52","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most debated topics of our time is climate change. For\u0000 this reason, the European Union and the countries of the world are taking\u0000 several steps to reduce and reverse the effect. When we talk about climate\u0000 change or sustainable development, it is very important to also talk about\u0000 the energy sector. The European Union aims to achieve climate neutrality by\u0000 2050, which will require significant changes in our lives, it will be a\u0000 major challenge for mankind. In 2019, fossil fuels accounted for 80% of the\u0000 world’s energy production. The production of energy from fossil fuels has\u0000 several negative effects aside from climate change. When fossil fuels are\u0000 burned, gases and particles harmful to human health are released into the\u0000 air and some of the fossil fuels are raw materials to produce plastics, for\u0000 example. If we use it for energy production, we waste our raw materials.\u0000 What are the options for reducing the environmental impact? How can\u0000 coal-based energy production be replaced? What are other ways to reduce the\u0000 environmental impact? These topics are discussed in the article.","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116913992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.14232/analecta.2021.2.9-19
T. Olugbade, B. O. Omiyale
The corrosion rate of surface-conditioned 301 and 304 stainless steels (SS) was determined by salt spray test in a controlled accelerated corrosive medium (9.5 L of pure distilled water + 500 g NaCl). By surface conditioning via mechanical attrition treatment, a gradient-structured layer was firstly generated on the surface of the samples before the salt spray test. The corrosion rate was determined by the weight loss before and after the salt spray test. Compared to the untreated 301 SS sample with a weight loss of 0.15 g, the surface-conditioned samples treated for 300 s and 1200 s experienced a lower weight loss of 0.04 and 0.02 g, respectively. A similar reduction in weight loss was achieved for 304 SS sample when treated for 5, 10, and 20 mins.
{"title":"Corrosion resistance of surface-conditioned 301 and 304 stainless\u0000 steels by salt spray test","authors":"T. Olugbade, B. O. Omiyale","doi":"10.14232/analecta.2021.2.9-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2021.2.9-19","url":null,"abstract":"The corrosion rate of surface-conditioned 301 and 304 stainless\u0000 steels (SS) was determined by salt spray test in a controlled accelerated\u0000 corrosive medium (9.5 L of pure distilled water + 500 g NaCl). By surface\u0000 conditioning via mechanical attrition treatment, a gradient-structured\u0000 layer was firstly generated on the surface of the samples before the salt\u0000 spray test. The corrosion rate was determined by the weight loss before and\u0000 after the salt spray test. Compared to the untreated 301 SS sample with a\u0000 weight loss of 0.15 g, the surface-conditioned samples treated for 300 s\u0000 and 1200 s experienced a lower weight loss of 0.04 and 0.02 g,\u0000 respectively. A similar reduction in weight loss was achieved for 304 SS\u0000 sample when treated for 5, 10, and 20 mins.","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114028450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}