Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.14232/analecta.2021.2.31-40
R. Lipták, I. Bodnár
In solar systems, faults in the module and inverter occur in proportion to increased operating time. The identification of fault types and their effects is important information not only for manufacturers but also for investors, solar operators and researchers. Monitoring and diagnosing the condition of photovoltaic (PV) systems is becoming essential to maximize electric power generation, increase the reliability and lifetime of PV power plants. Any faults in the PV modules cause negative economic and safety impacts, reducing the performance of the system and making unwanted electric connections that can be dangerous for the user. In this paper have been classified all possible faults that happen in the PV system, and is presented to detect common PV array faults, such as open-circuit fault, line-to-line fault, ground fault, shading condition, degradation fault and bypass diode fault. In this studies examines the equivalent circuits of PV arrays with different topological configurations and fault conditions to evaluate the effects of these faults on the performance of a solar system, taking into account the influence of temperature and solar radiation. This work presents the validation of a simulated solar network by measuring the output curves of a low-power photovoltaic array system under real outdoor conditions. This method can be useful in future solar systems.
{"title":"Simulation of fault detection in photovoltaic arrays","authors":"R. Lipták, I. Bodnár","doi":"10.14232/analecta.2021.2.31-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2021.2.31-40","url":null,"abstract":"In solar systems, faults in the module and inverter occur in\u0000 proportion to increased operating time. The identification of fault types\u0000 and their effects is important information not only for manufacturers but\u0000 also for investors, solar operators and researchers. Monitoring and\u0000 diagnosing the condition of photovoltaic (PV) systems is becoming essential\u0000 to maximize electric power generation, increase the reliability and\u0000 lifetime of PV power plants. Any faults in the PV modules cause negative\u0000 economic and safety impacts, reducing the performance of the system and\u0000 making unwanted electric connections that can be dangerous for the user. In\u0000 this paper have been classified all possible faults that happen in the PV\u0000 system, and is presented to detect common PV array faults, such as\u0000 open-circuit fault, line-to-line fault, ground fault, shading condition,\u0000 degradation fault and bypass diode fault. In this studies examines the\u0000 equivalent circuits of PV arrays with different topological configurations\u0000 and fault conditions to evaluate the effects of these faults on the\u0000 performance of a solar system, taking into account the influence of\u0000 temperature and solar radiation. This work presents the validation of a\u0000 simulated solar network by measuring the output curves of a low-power\u0000 photovoltaic array system under real outdoor conditions. This method can be\u0000 useful in future solar systems.","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129482782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.14232/analecta.2021.2.58-63
Balázs Hegedüs, Zsolt Dobó
Recycling of plastic waste is desirable to lower environmental pollution and fulfil the requirements of circular economy. Energetic utilization is another possibility, however, municipal solid waste containing plastics is usually combusted to generate heat and electricity. An attractive way of dealing with plastic waste is pyrolysis, which has the potential of producing liquid hydrocarbons suitable as a transportation fuel. The pyrolysis results of three plastics produced in the largest amount globally, namely polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene as well as their mixtures are presented. The experiments were performed in a laboratory scale batch reactor. The pyrolysis oils were further processed by distillation to provide gasoline and diesel like (distillation cuts at 210 and 350 °C) hydrocarbons. The gasoline fractions were analysed by GC-MS and the composition was compared with the EU gasoline standard. It was found that the oils from PE, PP and PS contain compounds present in standard gasoline. Mixing PS with PE and PP before the pyrolysis, or the oils afterward produces much closer results to standard requirements as PS pyrolysis generates mostly aromatic content. As standard maximizes the olefin content of gasoline to 18 Vol%, hydrogenation was also performed using Pd based catalyst. The hydrogenation process significantly reduced the number of double bonds resulting in low olefin content. Results show that the pyrolysis of plastic waste mixtures containing PE, PP and PS is a viable method to produce pyrolysis oil suitable for gasoline-like fuel extraction and further hydrogenation of the product can provide gasoline fuels with low olefin content.
{"title":"Gasoline like fuel from plastic waste pyrolysis and hydrotreatment","authors":"Balázs Hegedüs, Zsolt Dobó","doi":"10.14232/analecta.2021.2.58-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2021.2.58-63","url":null,"abstract":"Recycling of plastic waste is desirable to lower environmental\u0000 pollution and fulfil the requirements of circular economy. Energetic\u0000 utilization is another possibility, however, municipal solid waste\u0000 containing plastics is usually combusted to generate heat and electricity.\u0000 An attractive way of dealing with plastic waste is pyrolysis, which has the\u0000 potential of producing liquid hydrocarbons suitable as a transportation\u0000 fuel. The pyrolysis results of three plastics produced in the largest\u0000 amount globally, namely polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene as well\u0000 as their mixtures are presented. The experiments were performed in a\u0000 laboratory scale batch reactor. The pyrolysis oils were further processed\u0000 by distillation to provide gasoline and diesel like (distillation cuts at\u0000 210 and 350 °C) hydrocarbons. The gasoline fractions were analysed by GC-MS\u0000 and the composition was compared with the EU gasoline standard. It was\u0000 found that the oils from PE, PP and PS contain compounds present in\u0000 standard gasoline. Mixing PS with PE and PP before the pyrolysis, or the\u0000 oils afterward produces much closer results to standard requirements as PS\u0000 pyrolysis generates mostly aromatic content. As standard maximizes the\u0000 olefin content of gasoline to 18 Vol%, hydrogenation was also performed\u0000 using Pd based catalyst. The hydrogenation process significantly reduced\u0000 the number of double bonds resulting in low olefin content. Results show\u0000 that the pyrolysis of plastic waste mixtures containing PE, PP and PS is a\u0000 viable method to produce pyrolysis oil suitable for gasoline-like fuel\u0000 extraction and further hydrogenation of the product can provide gasoline\u0000 fuels with low olefin content.","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"119 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126299294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.14232/analecta.2021.2.64-75
Femi Akinfolarin, B. Kareem, Oladunni Oyetola Alabi
There must be proper means to sinter and, agglomerated iron ore concentrate before it can be further processed in the blast furnace. A Sintering machine of 5kg capacity of agglomerated ore was designed and fabricated using mild steel material, which was locally sourced. The machine was fabricated with a combustion chamber of 30 by 30 cm and with 15cm depth. It was also lined with refractory material to reduce the chamber to the volume of 3375 cm3. However, the sintering chamber was designed to have a truncated square pyramid shape to the volume of 2150 cm3 after lining with refractory material. The design was made to utilize coke and palm kernel shell char as fuel which will be ignited to produce heat into the sintered material by suction of the heat into the agglomerated sintered ore. Tests such as tumbler index, abrasion, and porosity test were carried out on the sintered products in agreement with ASTM E276 and E389 standards. The results from the test gave a tumbler index of 70.2% and 65.7% for coke and palm kernel shells respectively. Also, abrasion index of 5.1% and 4.6% for coke and palm kernel char, and porosity of 6.8% and 6.5% for coke and palm kernel char respectively. The results from the experimental test were in agreement with other research work. Therefore, the developed iron ore sintering machine has a better efficiency of producing sinter for blast furnace operation.
{"title":"Development of iron ores sintering machine for blast furnace process","authors":"Femi Akinfolarin, B. Kareem, Oladunni Oyetola Alabi","doi":"10.14232/analecta.2021.2.64-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2021.2.64-75","url":null,"abstract":"There must be proper means to sinter and, agglomerated iron ore\u0000 concentrate before it can be further processed in the blast furnace. A\u0000 Sintering machine of 5kg capacity of agglomerated ore was designed and\u0000 fabricated using mild steel material, which was locally sourced. The\u0000 machine was fabricated with a combustion chamber of 30 by 30 cm and with\u0000 15cm depth. It was also lined with refractory material to reduce the\u0000 chamber to the volume of 3375 cm3. However, the sintering chamber was\u0000 designed to have a truncated square pyramid shape to the volume of 2150 cm3\u0000 after lining with refractory material. The design was made to utilize coke\u0000 and palm kernel shell char as fuel which will be ignited to produce heat\u0000 into the sintered material by suction of the heat into the agglomerated\u0000 sintered ore. Tests such as tumbler index, abrasion, and porosity test were\u0000 carried out on the sintered products in agreement with ASTM E276 and E389\u0000 standards. The results from the test gave a tumbler index of 70.2% and\u0000 65.7% for coke and palm kernel shells respectively. Also, abrasion index of\u0000 5.1% and 4.6% for coke and palm kernel char, and porosity of 6.8% and 6.5%\u0000 for coke and palm kernel char respectively. The results from the\u0000 experimental test were in agreement with other research work. Therefore,\u0000 the developed iron ore sintering machine has a better efficiency of\u0000 producing sinter for blast furnace operation. ","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123894792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.14232/analecta.2021.2.20-30
Qudama Al-Yasiri, M. Szabó
Cooling and air-conditioning systems are responsible for the highest energy consumption in buildings located in hot areas. This high share does not only increase the building energy demand cost but also increases the environmental impact, the topmost awareness of the modern era. The development of traditional systems and reliance on renewable technologies have increased drastically in the last century but still lacks economic concerns. Passive cooling strategies have been introduced as a successful option to mitigate the energy demand and improve energy conservation in buildings. This paper shed light on some passive strategies that could be applied to minimise building cooling loads to encourage the movement towards healthier and more energy-efficient buildings. For this purpose, seven popular passive technologies have been discussed shortly: multi-panned windows, shading devices, insulations, green roofing, phase change materials, reflective coatings, and natural ventilation using the windcatcher technique. The analysis of each strategy has shown that the building energy could be improved remarkably. Furthermore, adopting more passive strategies can significantly enhance the building thermal comfort even under severe weather conditions.
{"title":"A short review on passive strategies applied to minimise the building\u0000 cooling loads in hot locations","authors":"Qudama Al-Yasiri, M. Szabó","doi":"10.14232/analecta.2021.2.20-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2021.2.20-30","url":null,"abstract":"Cooling and air-conditioning systems are responsible for the highest\u0000 energy consumption in buildings located in hot areas. This high share does\u0000 not only increase the building energy demand cost but also increases the\u0000 environmental impact, the topmost awareness of the modern era. The\u0000 development of traditional systems and reliance on renewable technologies\u0000 have increased drastically in the last century but still lacks economic\u0000 concerns. Passive cooling strategies have been introduced as a successful\u0000 option to mitigate the energy demand and improve energy conservation in\u0000 buildings. This paper shed light on some passive strategies that could be\u0000 applied to minimise building cooling loads to encourage the movement\u0000 towards healthier and more energy-efficient buildings. For this purpose,\u0000 seven popular passive technologies have been discussed shortly:\u0000 multi-panned windows, shading devices, insulations, green roofing, phase\u0000 change materials, reflective coatings, and natural ventilation using the\u0000 windcatcher technique. The analysis of each strategy has shown that the\u0000 building energy could be improved remarkably. Furthermore, adopting more\u0000 passive strategies can significantly enhance the building thermal comfort\u0000 even under severe weather conditions.","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131402314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.14232/analecta.2021.2.53-57
L. Haranghy, Z. Jákói, C. Hodúr, S. Beszédes
Microwave irradiation is a promising pre-treatment method for sludge stabilisation, but there are few studies focusing its effect on organic matter solubility and biodegradability of wastewater and sludge originated from the food industry. In our research, microwave irradiation was applied standalone and in combination with alkaline treatment to enhance the solubilisation and biodegradation of organic matter content of meat industry wastewater and municipal sludge, respectively. The energy efficiency was investigated, as well. Dielectric measurement is a suitable method to detect physicochemical changes, therefore our research work covered the determination of dielectric properties of the investigated materials. Our experimental results have revealed that the lower power and energy intensity microwave-alkaline treatments were the most efficient pre-treatment process from energetically aspects to increase the organic matter solubility and biodegradability of wastewater and sludge. Furthermore, a strong linear correlation was found between the dielectric constant and the indicators of the solubility of organic matter (SCOD/TCOD) and aerobic biodegradability (BOD/COD) in both treated materials, respectively. Our results show that the dielectric measurements can be applied for detection of physicochemical changes, predict the improvement of biodegradability, and considered as a promising method to estimate the efficiency of sludge pre-treatment methods.
{"title":"Detection of efficiency of microwave-enhanced sludge treatments by\u0000 dielectric measurements","authors":"L. Haranghy, Z. Jákói, C. Hodúr, S. Beszédes","doi":"10.14232/analecta.2021.2.53-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2021.2.53-57","url":null,"abstract":"Microwave irradiation is a promising pre-treatment method for sludge\u0000 stabilisation, but there are few studies focusing its effect on organic\u0000 matter solubility and biodegradability of wastewater and sludge originated\u0000 from the food industry. In our research, microwave irradiation was applied\u0000 standalone and in combination with alkaline treatment to enhance the\u0000 solubilisation and biodegradation of organic matter content of meat\u0000 industry wastewater and municipal sludge, respectively. The energy\u0000 efficiency was investigated, as well. Dielectric measurement is a suitable\u0000 method to detect physicochemical changes, therefore our research work\u0000 covered the determination of dielectric properties of the investigated\u0000 materials. Our experimental results have revealed that the lower power and\u0000 energy intensity microwave-alkaline treatments were the most efficient\u0000 pre-treatment process from energetically aspects to increase the organic\u0000 matter solubility and biodegradability of wastewater and sludge.\u0000 Furthermore, a strong linear correlation was found between the dielectric\u0000 constant and the indicators of the solubility of organic matter (SCOD/TCOD)\u0000 and aerobic biodegradability (BOD/COD) in both treated materials,\u0000 respectively. Our results show that the dielectric measurements can be\u0000 applied for detection of physicochemical changes, predict the improvement\u0000 of biodegradability, and considered as a promising method to estimate the\u0000 efficiency of sludge pre-treatment methods.","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127806187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-10DOI: 10.14232/analecta.2021.1.31-36
Gergő Kecsmár, T. Koós, Zsolt Dobó
The utilization of liquid products as transportation fuel derived from the thermal decomposition of different plastic waste mixtures was investigated. The production of pyrolysis oils was performed in a laboratory-scale batch reactor utilizing polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) waste blends. Two different mixtures (10% PS – 60% PP – 30% HDPE; 10% PS – 30% PP – 60% HDPE) were prepared, and the influence of reflux was also studied. The pyrolysis oils were blended to commercial gasoline in the 0-100% range. It was found that each blend could be successfully used as an alternative fuel in a traditional spark-ignition engine without any prior modifications or fuel additive. However, based on the engine tests, the presence of the reflux is vital as the composition of the pyrolysis oil is closer to the commercial gasoline. The emission measurements showed increasing NOx emissions compared to neat gasoline, but, on the other side, a decrease in CO was noticed. These changes were much smaller in cases when reflux was used during oil production. Based on the obtained results, the utilization of reflux-cooling is an effective method to enhance the gasoline range hydrocarbons in the plastic waste pyrolysis oils, and therefore blending these oils to commercial gasoline might be viable.
{"title":"Influence of WPO (Waste Plastic Oil) - gasoline mixtures for emission characteristics on working spark-ignition engine","authors":"Gergő Kecsmár, T. Koós, Zsolt Dobó","doi":"10.14232/analecta.2021.1.31-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2021.1.31-36","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of liquid products as transportation fuel derived from the thermal decomposition of different plastic waste mixtures was investigated. The production of pyrolysis oils was performed in a laboratory-scale batch reactor utilizing polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) waste blends. Two different mixtures (10% PS – 60% PP – 30% HDPE; 10% PS – 30% PP – 60% HDPE) were prepared, and the influence of reflux was also studied. The pyrolysis oils were blended to commercial gasoline in the 0-100% range. It was found that each blend could be successfully used as an alternative fuel in a traditional spark-ignition engine without any prior modifications or fuel additive. However, based on the engine tests, the presence of the reflux is vital as the composition of the pyrolysis oil is closer to the commercial gasoline. The emission measurements showed increasing NOx emissions compared to neat gasoline, but, on the other side, a decrease in CO was noticed. These changes were much smaller in cases when reflux was used during oil production. Based on the obtained results, the utilization of reflux-cooling is an effective method to enhance the gasoline range hydrocarbons in the plastic waste pyrolysis oils, and therefore blending these oils to commercial gasoline might be viable.","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128717967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-10DOI: 10.14232/analecta.2021.1.64-72
W. Opoka, Marek Szlósarczyk, Adam Chojnacki, A. Kryczyk-Poprawa, P. Talik, J. Gal, B. Muszyńska, B. Baś
This article presents the potentiometric method of determination of chlorides using the original BO-05 electrochemical microanalyzer. The quantification of chlorides is one of the frequently performed methods, both in the indirect determination of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and impurities in pharmaceutical raw materials, pharmacopoeial substances or pharmaceutical formulations as well. Successfully validated method was used to the analysis of chlorides in the preparations containing verapamil hydrochloride in form of tablets Staveran® and Verapamil®. The mean content of the studied API calculated to one tablet was close to the declared and equal to 123.6±1.5 mg and 122.6±1.1 mg, respectively. The presence of excipients have no significant impact on the final results. Thus shown that the electrochemical microanalyzer BO-05 is suitable for scientific, didactic and analytical applications.
{"title":"Semiautomatic and fully functional electrochemical microanalyzer BO-05 suitable for scientific, didactic, and analytical applications: The use in the potentiometric analysis of drugs","authors":"W. Opoka, Marek Szlósarczyk, Adam Chojnacki, A. Kryczyk-Poprawa, P. Talik, J. Gal, B. Muszyńska, B. Baś","doi":"10.14232/analecta.2021.1.64-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2021.1.64-72","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the potentiometric method of determination of chlorides using the original BO-05 electrochemical microanalyzer. The quantification of chlorides is one of the frequently performed methods, both in the indirect determination of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and impurities in pharmaceutical raw materials, pharmacopoeial substances or pharmaceutical formulations as well. Successfully validated method was used to the analysis of chlorides in the preparations containing verapamil hydrochloride in form of tablets Staveran® and Verapamil®. The mean content of the studied API calculated to one tablet was close to the declared and equal to 123.6±1.5 mg and 122.6±1.1 mg, respectively. The presence of excipients have no significant impact on the final results. Thus shown that the electrochemical microanalyzer BO-05 is suitable for scientific, didactic and analytical applications.","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128537971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-10DOI: 10.14232/analecta.2021.1.37-44
Szabolcs Gyula Szerencsés, S. Beszédes, Z. László, G. Veréb, B. Szegedi, Zsuzsanna Hovorkáné Horváth, C. Hodúr, G. Rákhely, S. Kertész
Nowadays, several environmental challenges are present to cope with. One with outstanding importance is the protection of our water supplies, therefore examination of wastewater treatment technology is a priority, especially in the European Union. In this work, the effect of membrane module vibration amplitude on the efficiency of ultrafiltration (UF) was investigated in a vibratory shear enhanced membrane filtration system. Based on the results of model dairy effluent UF and statistical analysis, the maximum vibration level available resulted in the most efficient filtration process, due to the most significant reduction of membrane fouling. From our results it was observed that the permeate fluxes more than doubled, specific energy demand was roughly halved, with almost identical retentions for organic matter, and total filtration resistance was reduced to less than half. Results also showed that setting the optimal operating parameters, an advantageous, efficiency focused, and sustainable wastewater treatment technology can be established.
{"title":"Effect of vibration on the efficiency of ultrafiltration","authors":"Szabolcs Gyula Szerencsés, S. Beszédes, Z. László, G. Veréb, B. Szegedi, Zsuzsanna Hovorkáné Horváth, C. Hodúr, G. Rákhely, S. Kertész","doi":"10.14232/analecta.2021.1.37-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2021.1.37-44","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, several environmental challenges are present to cope with. One with outstanding importance is the protection of our water supplies, therefore examination of wastewater treatment technology is a priority, especially in the European Union. In this work, the effect of membrane module vibration amplitude on the efficiency of ultrafiltration (UF) was investigated in a vibratory shear enhanced membrane filtration system. Based on the results of model dairy effluent UF and statistical analysis, the maximum vibration level available resulted in the most efficient filtration process, due to the most significant reduction of membrane fouling. From our results it was observed that the permeate fluxes more than doubled, specific energy demand was roughly halved, with almost identical retentions for organic matter, and total filtration resistance was reduced to less than half. Results also showed that setting the optimal operating parameters, an advantageous, efficiency focused, and sustainable wastewater treatment technology can be established.","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133295419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-08DOI: 10.14232/analecta.2020.2.61-68
Balázs P. Szabó, Z. Zakupszki, Balázs P. Szabó
The subject of rheology is the study of force-induced deformation and creep in materials, taking into account the effect of time too. The purpose of the measurements is to study time-dependent tension-deformation correlations, which include creep and tension-relaxation parameters, and viscosity. Due to the characteristic structure of biological materials, we try to introduce rheology through different materials. Our samples also include soft, semi-hard and hard materials from fish meat to human teeth. It is very clear from the obtained results that the internal structure of each material is influenced by many factors. These factors also interact with each other and they cannot be standardized in a single study.
{"title":"Behavior of the structure of different materials under static force","authors":"Balázs P. Szabó, Z. Zakupszki, Balázs P. Szabó","doi":"10.14232/analecta.2020.2.61-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2020.2.61-68","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of rheology is the study of force-induced deformation and creep in materials, taking into account the effect of time too. The purpose of the measurements is to study time-dependent tension-deformation correlations, which include creep and tension-relaxation parameters, and viscosity. Due to the characteristic structure of biological materials, we try to introduce rheology through different materials. Our samples also include soft, semi-hard and hard materials from fish meat to human teeth. It is very clear from the obtained results that the internal structure of each material is influenced by many factors. These factors also interact with each other and they cannot be standardized in a single study.","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"375 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116123222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-08DOI: 10.14232/analecta.2020.1.34-42
I. Nikolić, Ljubica Dokić, A. Takaci, Z. Šereš, D. Šoronja-Simović, Nikola Maravić
The traditional hummus spread is obtained of cooked and grinded chickpeas, blended with susame paste (tahini), olive oil, lemon juice and spices. Hummus spread is a rich source of dietary fibers, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins A, E and C, folate, minerals Mg, K and Fe. During production of such kind of spreadable food product, many factors can have influence on product behavior trough the all phases of production and to the final product quality. In this work, the influence of different technological factors on rheological, textural and sensory properties of hummus spreads made by certain recipes were examined, in the aim to achieve the maximum quality of final product. The way of preparation of raw materials, the composition of the spreads and the amount of water phase have been varied in the aim to define optimal rheological and textural parameters, to increase the production efficiency and in order to obtain desired sensory properties of final spread product.
{"title":"The optimization of technological factors during production of hummus spread","authors":"I. Nikolić, Ljubica Dokić, A. Takaci, Z. Šereš, D. Šoronja-Simović, Nikola Maravić","doi":"10.14232/analecta.2020.1.34-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2020.1.34-42","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional hummus spread is obtained of cooked and grinded chickpeas, blended with susame paste (tahini), olive oil, lemon juice and spices. Hummus spread is a rich source of dietary fibers, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins A, E and C, folate, minerals Mg, K and Fe. During production of such kind of spreadable food product, many factors can have influence on product behavior trough the all phases of production and to the final product quality. In this work, the influence of different technological factors on rheological, textural and sensory properties of hummus spreads made by certain recipes were examined, in the aim to achieve the maximum quality of final product. The way of preparation of raw materials, the composition of the spreads and the amount of water phase have been varied in the aim to define optimal rheological and textural parameters, to increase the production efficiency and in order to obtain desired sensory properties of final spread product.","PeriodicalId":213647,"journal":{"name":"Analecta Technica Szegedinensia","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115491948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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