Summary: What makes us desire objects? In the attempt to find a practical answer to this fundamental question on the subject and object of desire, the authors consider the organization of work in advertising agencies. They identify three procedures which together constitute advertisers' solution to the problem of communication between the product and the market. The to and fro movement which makes one attribute desire to either the object or the subject, is replaced by a series of intermediary screens on which the two components of the supply /demand equation are constantly refashioned.
{"title":"In the laboratories of desire. Advertising as an intermediary between products and consumers","authors":"Antoine Hennion, Cécile Méadel, L. Libbrecht","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1993.3249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1993.3249","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: What makes us desire objects? In the attempt to find a practical answer to this fundamental question on the subject and object of desire, the authors consider the organization of work in advertising agencies. They identify three procedures which together constitute advertisers' solution to the problem of communication between the product and the market. The to and fro movement which makes one attribute desire to either the object or the subject, is replaced by a series of intermediary screens on which the two components of the supply /demand equation are constantly refashioned.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122950401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: There is a dimension of television that the compartmentalization of research into the relationship between children, television and school helps to conceal: its status as 'cognitive terminal', independent of programme content. This dimension is approached here in three ways: through the current perception of television as entertainment, which distorts judgments on its usefulness as a source of learning; through the cultural diversity of ways of watching television, which makes the 'TV effecť just as much a class phenomenon as other sources of social inequality; and through the cognitive modality peculiar to television, which contrasts the conventional monolithic model long propagated by the school system with a model of knowledge as an interpretive and relational process. In this sense, entertainment-oriented 'neotelevision' does not stand in opposition to the more didactic 'palaeotelevision' , but they do represent different educational models reflecting two types of society. Hence the need to 'make television less exotic', both in the classroom and in research into its cognitive effects.
{"title":"Television, A cognitive terminal","authors":"G. Jacquinot","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1996.3310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1996.3310","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: There is a dimension of television that the compartmentalization of research into the relationship between children, television and school helps to conceal: its status as 'cognitive terminal', independent of programme content. This dimension is approached here in three ways: through the current perception of television as entertainment, which distorts judgments on its usefulness as a source of learning; through the cultural diversity of ways of watching television, which makes the 'TV effecť just as much a class phenomenon as other sources of social inequality; and through the cognitive modality peculiar to television, which contrasts the conventional monolithic model long propagated by the school system with a model of knowledge as an interpretive and relational process. In this sense, entertainment-oriented 'neotelevision' does not stand in opposition to the more didactic 'palaeotelevision' , but they do represent different educational models reflecting two types of society. Hence the need to 'make television less exotic', both in the classroom and in research into its cognitive effects.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128555230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: How can we define an approach to technological innovation which adopts both the designer's and the user's point of view? To construct this new socio-technological model of innovation, the author draws upon the sociology of action as well as interactionist sociology. He shows that innovators' and users' action fits into a socio-technological framework and may be either strategic or tactical.
{"title":"Socio-technological Action and Frame of Reference","authors":"P. Flichy, L. Libbrecht","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1995.3286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1995.3286","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: How can we define an approach to technological innovation which adopts both the designer's and the user's point of view? To construct this new socio-technological model of innovation, the author draws upon the sociology of action as well as interactionist sociology. He shows that innovators' and users' action fits into a socio-technological framework and may be either strategic or tactical.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127098282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: In the face of the propensity to declare the 'paradigm of the subject' outdated, because 'monological' , a re-reading of the modern history of subjectivity highlights those virtualities which, except when confused with that of the individual, contain an idea which is inseparable from intersubjectivity. In this sense, rather than trying to outdo neo-structuralist subversion of the subject, it would be preferable to recast the values of subjectivity to give full rights in philosophy to the problematics of communication.
{"title":"The Subject of Communication","authors":"A. Renaut, William Conrad","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1993.3256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1993.3256","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: In the face of the propensity to declare the 'paradigm of the subject' outdated, because 'monological' , a re-reading of the modern history of subjectivity highlights those virtualities which, except when confused with that of the individual, contain an idea which is inseparable from intersubjectivity. In this sense, rather than trying to outdo neo-structuralist subversion of the subject, it would be preferable to recast the values of subjectivity to give full rights in philosophy to the problematics of communication.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127236138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: With the exception of firms that have a basic computing culture, such as IBM and Hewlett-Packard, the development of business message systems is not as irresistible as it might seem. Constraints like formatting and entering data make user-friendly models difficult to establish compared with other media like the telephone and fax. On the other hand, electronic data interchange (EDI) is more suitable if a strictly functional model is required. What niche remains for messaging and in what conditions can it grow? This diagnosis is based on a study of existing applications in two sectors in France: transport and health.
{"title":"Business Messaging on Hold","authors":"D. Boullier, David Motlow","doi":"10.3406/reso.1995.3288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/reso.1995.3288","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: With the exception of firms that have a basic computing culture, such as IBM and Hewlett-Packard, the development of business message systems is not as irresistible as it might seem. Constraints like formatting and entering data make user-friendly models difficult to establish compared with other media like the telephone and fax. On the other hand, electronic data interchange (EDI) is more suitable if a strictly functional model is required. What niche remains for messaging and in what conditions can it grow? This diagnosis is based on a study of existing applications in two sectors in France: transport and health.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127502763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Towards a unified European regulatory system? A history of telecommunications regulations (1973-1992)","authors":"J. Simon, L. Libbrecht","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1996.3312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1996.3312","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122221145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: The aim of EDI - electronic data interchange - is to bypass the bottleneck of print between enterprises by seamless computerization of data processing and exchange across both industrial sectors and national borders. But early sector-based systems, shackled by an outdated rigid division between 'administrative' and 'operational' information, created their own data bottlenecks. EDI is now in transition between the initial trial and error phase and a second stage of maturation, during which the open design of communication systems will centre on the key dimension of adding value to operations in the emerging flexible industrial world of just-in-time production, total quality and worker.
{"title":"Electronic Data Interchange and Company Re-engineering","authors":"A. Mayère, M. Monnoyer, P. Ridel","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1994.3283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1994.3283","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: The aim of EDI - electronic data interchange - is to bypass the bottleneck of print between enterprises by seamless computerization of data processing and exchange across both industrial sectors and national borders. But early sector-based systems, shackled by an outdated rigid division between 'administrative' and 'operational' information, created their own data bottlenecks. EDI is now in transition between the initial trial and error phase and a second stage of maturation, during which the open design of communication systems will centre on the key dimension of adding value to operations in the emerging flexible industrial world of just-in-time production, total quality and worker.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133181580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: Although already in existence at the end of the seventeenth century, the telegraph was seen at the time as an instrument for romantic communication only. It came into use in France with the intellectual and cultural upheaval of the revolutionary years. During this period time and space took on a new dimension (e.g. republican calendar and metric system) and the Chappe brothers' invention, which shortened distances, was recognized as a useful tool. During the Revolution and under the Empire, use of the semaphore telegraph was restricted to politicians, the police and the military; it permitted the State to
{"title":"The Birth of Long Distance Communication. Semaphore Telegraphs in Europe (1790-1840)","authors":"P. Flichy","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1993.3272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1993.3272","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: Although already in existence at the end of the seventeenth century, the telegraph was seen at the time as an instrument for romantic communication only. It came into use in France with the intellectual and cultural upheaval of the revolutionary years. During this period time and space took on a new dimension (e.g. republican calendar and metric system) and the Chappe brothers' invention, which shortened distances, was recognized as a useful tool. During the Revolution and under the Empire, use of the semaphore telegraph was restricted to politicians, the police and the military; it permitted the State to","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129027134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: Worshipped by his public and loathed by his professional peers, the French television host treads a delicate career path. An historic view of how this situation came to be: the conflict between the originally-intended utilization of television in France as an educational and cultural medium and the desires of the viewing public.
{"title":"'In the name of the audience': French television hosts.","authors":"Sabine Chalvon-Demersay, Dominique Pasquier","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1993.3269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1993.3269","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: Worshipped by his public and loathed by his professional peers, the French television host treads a delicate career path. An historic view of how this situation came to be: the conflict between the originally-intended utilization of television in France as an educational and cultural medium and the desires of the viewing public.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"430 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116184196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: The word 'popularization' first appeared in France in the nineteenth century, together with a host of new journals, magazines, books and series which attempted to 'place science within everyone's reach'. By considering the main features of this massive entry of science into the media world, this article attempts to show how a public was created for it. The idea of the necessity of scientific popularization is questioned through an historical perspective, by showing that it was derived from a combination of local circumstances and initiatives undertaken in the nineteenth century.
{"title":"A public for science. The rapid growth of popularization in nineteenth century France","authors":"Bernadette Bensaude‐Vincent, L. Libbrecht","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1995.3290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1995.3290","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: The word 'popularization' first appeared in France in the nineteenth century, together with a host of new journals, magazines, books and series which attempted to 'place science within everyone's reach'. By considering the main features of this massive entry of science into the media world, this article attempts to show how a public was created for it. The idea of the necessity of scientific popularization is questioned through an historical perspective, by showing that it was derived from a combination of local circumstances and initiatives undertaken in the nineteenth century.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116259036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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