Summary: A renewal in the approaches and problematics of the history of art has led to a rethinking of relations between aesthetic objects, opinions on taste, and society in general. Levels of analysis have been multiplied and the study of the complex networks of microscopic relationships to which any artistic product refers, has become increasingly detailed. Three themes are explored here, each one guided by the work of an author or a set of works. The first identifies methodological problems common to the history of art and communication, the second presents examples of mediation between art and society, and the third considers political forms and symbols from an anthropological point of view.
{"title":"Mediation and Social History of Art","authors":"J. Simon, L. Libbrecht","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1995.3297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1995.3297","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: A renewal in the approaches and problematics of the history of art has led to a rethinking of relations between aesthetic objects, opinions on taste, and society in general. Levels of analysis have been multiplied and the study of the complex networks of microscopic relationships to which any artistic product refers, has become increasingly detailed. Three themes are explored here, each one guided by the work of an author or a set of works. The first identifies methodological problems common to the history of art and communication, the second presents examples of mediation between art and society, and the third considers political forms and symbols from an anthropological point of view.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114139143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: The origins of chain letters, which are now circulated for ludic, humanitarian or profit motives, can be found in age-old religious traditions. This study of the genre shows how these letters became gradually secularized and identifies contemporary forms using such modern methods as fax machines, photocopiers and electronic mail. Thus the ancient 'celestial letters', which were still very much alive in the sixteenth century, became letters sent with the blessing of Saint Anthony, or of mere bishops and parish priests. As the letters became commonplace they also came to he seen as either a miraculous cure or a clever way to make money. With further secularization, wholly ludic chain letters appeared, and then bogus advertising photocopies claiming that recipients have won a fabulous prize - a 'gift from heaven'.
{"title":"From Celestial Letters to 'Copylore' and 'Screenlore'","authors":"J. L. Quellec, David Motlow","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1997.3325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1997.3325","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: The origins of chain letters, which are now circulated for ludic, humanitarian or profit motives, can be found in age-old religious traditions. This study of the genre shows how these letters became gradually secularized and identifies contemporary forms using such modern methods as fax machines, photocopiers and electronic mail. Thus the ancient 'celestial letters', which were still very much alive in the sixteenth century, became letters sent with the blessing of Saint Anthony, or of mere bishops and parish priests. As the letters became commonplace they also came to he seen as either a miraculous cure or a clever way to make money. With further secularization, wholly ludic chain letters appeared, and then bogus advertising photocopies claiming that recipients have won a fabulous prize - a 'gift from heaven'.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132484654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: How was the CSG bill, a major priority on the Rocard government's political agenda, constructed as a political entity? Drawing upon empirical data from the prime minister's information and publicity service, it is possible to analyse the process of its composition and recomposition. Alongside overwhelming events such as the Gulf crisis and, to a lesser extent, the 'high school and suburban crisis', the controversial CSG relied essentially for its construction on the government's definition of the political situation. The frames of interpretation applied to the CSG by the media were aimed at reducing the controversy in terms of political tactics and parliamentary games, while the subject itself presented specific difficulties of interpretation.
{"title":"Framing Public Debate: The CSG Bill","authors":"D. Bregman, P. Ridel","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1997.3322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1997.3322","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: How was the CSG bill, a major priority on the Rocard government's political agenda, constructed as a political entity? Drawing upon empirical data from the prime minister's information and publicity service, it is possible to analyse the process of its composition and recomposition. Alongside overwhelming events such as the Gulf crisis and, to a lesser extent, the 'high school and suburban crisis', the controversial CSG relied essentially for its construction on the government's definition of the political situation. The frames of interpretation applied to the CSG by the media were aimed at reducing the controversy in terms of political tactics and parliamentary games, while the subject itself presented specific difficulties of interpretation.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132826547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: When the relationship between the development of corporate telecommunications and competitiveness is considered, a number of terminological ambiguities should first be clarified. Three situations can then be defined and examined, according to whether telecommunications are considered as having a neutral, passive, or active role. The capacities of each firm, the nature of the industry and the state of competition all determine a wide variety of uses for information and communication technologies.
{"title":"Telecommunications and competitiveness","authors":"Alain Rallet, L. Libbrecht","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1994.3263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1994.3263","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: When the relationship between the development of corporate telecommunications and competitiveness is considered, a number of terminological ambiguities should first be clarified. Three situations can then be defined and examined, according to whether telecommunications are considered as having a neutral, passive, or active role. The capacities of each firm, the nature of the industry and the state of competition all determine a wide variety of uses for information and communication technologies.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130831105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: In this article, outsourcing is defined as the transfer of all or part of the existing information and communication systems (ICS) of a firm to a third party. The argument is based on the central model of transaction cost theory. Traditionally, this model concerns the make-or-buy choice. A firm that decides to outsource its ICS has already made a substantial investment in the system over several years. The article therefore develops an original analysis to help answer the following question: on what terms can a firm transfer ownership rights in highly specific hardware and software, and establish a long-term relationship with the service provider? Finally, the article proposes a generalization and an in- depth reflection on the organizational choices and governance structures to adopt when outsourcing.
{"title":"Outsourcing: A transaction cost theory approach","authors":"B. Quélin, David Motlow","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1998.3338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1998.3338","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: In this article, outsourcing is defined as the transfer of all or part of the existing information and communication systems (ICS) of a firm to a third party. The argument is based on the central model of transaction cost theory. Traditionally, this model concerns the make-or-buy choice. A firm that decides to outsource its ICS has already made a substantial investment in the system over several years. The article therefore develops an original analysis to help answer the following question: on what terms can a firm transfer ownership rights in highly specific hardware and software, and establish a long-term relationship with the service provider? Finally, the article proposes a generalization and an in- depth reflection on the organizational choices and governance structures to adopt when outsourcing.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130597704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: Ever since American advertisers first banded together early this century to deflect criticism with a code of conduct based on 'truth' and fair competition, the industry has been seeking legitimacy by creating first national, then multinational and finally worldwide associations to defend its activities and influence the environment in which it operates. Now marketing standards have penetrated widely diverse fields of activity and the economy as a whole. The forces underlying the new, pervasive advertising are helping to transform an area of culture which is already transcending national boundaries.
{"title":"Shaping the European Advertising Scene. Commercial free speech in search of legitimacy","authors":"A. Mattelart, M. Palmer","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1993.3268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1993.3268","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: Ever since American advertisers first banded together early this century to deflect criticism with a code of conduct based on 'truth' and fair competition, the industry has been seeking legitimacy by creating first national, then multinational and finally worldwide associations to defend its activities and influence the environment in which it operates. Now marketing standards have penetrated widely diverse fields of activity and the economy as a whole. The forces underlying the new, pervasive advertising are helping to transform an area of culture which is already transcending national boundaries.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130008919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: What happens in a radio studio at the moment of going on the air? This article examines the modalities of going on and off the air at France Culture. It describes the radio producer's twofold task: slhe has to introduce a third party, the listener, into the group of participants in the studio, and to construct a place for that listener in the conversation. The study shows the contemporary form of interaction on the air, and the frame of reference mobilized. We see how radio professionals employ vari- ous means to achieve the 'live' involvement of speakers, and in so doing define, in a sense, the cultural programme at France Culture.
{"title":"On and off the air at France Culture. Introducing the listener and forms of engagement in speech","authors":"Hervé Glevarec, L. Libbrecht","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1997.3324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1997.3324","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: What happens in a radio studio at the moment of going on the air? This article examines the modalities of going on and off the air at France Culture. It describes the radio producer's twofold task: slhe has to introduce a third party, the listener, into the group of participants in the studio, and to construct a place for that listener in the conversation. The study shows the contemporary form of interaction on the air, and the frame of reference mobilized. We see how radio professionals employ vari- ous means to achieve the 'live' involvement of speakers, and in so doing define, in a sense, the cultural programme at France Culture.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124537182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: What is the real explanatory value of the concept of convention, used as it is to account for the coordination of action? Distinguishing between a technical and a common-sense view of convention, the author recognizes the relevance of phenomena highlighted by the theoreticians of convention, hut doubts that the concept they propose has a very broad explanatory value, it appears rather as a crutch made necessary by an all-too-cognitivist treatment of the problems of coordinating action. As an alternative, he proposes a line of thought inspired by recent developments in social phenomenology.
{"title":"Do We Really Need the Concept of Convention","authors":"L. Quéré, David Motlow","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1995.3296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1995.3296","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: What is the real explanatory value of the concept of convention, used as it is to account for the coordination of action? Distinguishing between a technical and a common-sense view of convention, the author recognizes the relevance of phenomena highlighted by the theoreticians of convention, hut doubts that the concept they propose has a very broad explanatory value, it appears rather as a crutch made necessary by an all-too-cognitivist treatment of the problems of coordinating action. As an alternative, he proposes a line of thought inspired by recent developments in social phenomenology.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114215531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: Discourse on cultural practices does not always correspond to the reality revealed by surveys. The difference between this reality and the image some people have is partly due to generation gaps. The author supports her argument with a synthesis of empirical studies conducted in Denmark on children's and adolescents' uses of various media. Among other differences, she notes the widening gap between young boys and girls.
{"title":"Netsurfers and Game Navigators: New media and youthful leisure cultures in Denmark","authors":"K. Drotner","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1999.3350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1999.3350","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: Discourse on cultural practices does not always correspond to the reality revealed by surveys. The difference between this reality and the image some people have is partly due to generation gaps. The author supports her argument with a synthesis of empirical studies conducted in Denmark on children's and adolescents' uses of various media. Among other differences, she notes the widening gap between young boys and girls.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121707366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: This study concerns the consumption of superhero comics in the USA and in France. Drawing on a series of interviews and letters published in magazines over the past three decades, the article shows that, for a considerable part of its readership, this medium represents more than the transmission of a traditional masculinity; it is a means of learning a new and complex identity. The author concludes that the learning of gender identities cannot be seen as a univocal process of inculcation of predetermined roles.
{"title":"Strange Grew Up With Me: Sentimentality and masculinity in readers of superhero comics","authors":"Eric Maigret, L. Libbrecht","doi":"10.3406/RESO.1999.3347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/RESO.1999.3347","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: This study concerns the consumption of superhero comics in the USA and in France. Drawing on a series of interviews and letters published in magazines over the past three decades, the article shows that, for a considerable part of its readership, this medium represents more than the transmission of a traditional masculinity; it is a means of learning a new and complex identity. The author concludes that the learning of gender identities cannot be seen as a univocal process of inculcation of predetermined roles.","PeriodicalId":213999,"journal":{"name":"Réseaux. The French journal of communication","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130623492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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