Sbornik vedeckych praci Lekarske fakulty Karlovy university v Hradci Kralove最新文献

We analysed 22 patients suffering from migraine to evaluate the possible activation of platelet function utilizing the following methods: platelet factor 4, thromboxane B2 and 6 - keto prostaglandin F 1 alpha levels in platelet poor plasma. Laboratory tests were performed on all patients during headache-free period and the results obtained were compared with those of a normal healthy individuals. The mean results obtained in the patients group during pain-free period indicated a significant activation of platelet function when compared with the normal group.

A Czech version of the Schmeck's ILP inventory was administered to 1898 university and college students from Bohemia, Moravia and Slovakia. Factor analysis identified six factors which explained 73% of data variance. The Czech version is shorter as compared to the original and includes 49 items; its reliability is satisfactory. Our experience showed that ILP-CZ inventory could be used in senior classes of secondary (high) schools, and in both undergraduate and graduate studies. The inventory can be used both for screening at the beginning of university and/or college studies and counselling services offered during the study.

We demonstrated that proliferation of dissociated neural E14 and E19 rat precursor cells could be induced by Long-EGF. Dividing EGF-responsive neural progenitor cells stimulated by Long-EGF formed spherical multicellular clusters (neurospheres) which may reach macroscopical size. We have studied the inner organization of cells in semithin sections and revealed that the cell population within the neurosphere is not uniform. These are original findings as other researchers did not process neurospheres histologically. Cells located in a central area possessed neuron-like morphology whereas peripheral cells where differentiated to a lesser degree. Generally, we have observed several apoptotic cells or apoptotic bodies per section. Moreover, the central portion of the neurosphere contained degenerating cells that probably die from worsened nutrition conditions in the large neurosphere. After plating the neurosphere in serum-supplemented medium, cells began to migrate radially from the edge of the neurosphere and differentiate. The cells lying in the vicinity to the cluster mimicked radial glia whereas the cells located at the periphery of the colony took morphology of astroglial cells. These observations suggest EGF-responsive neural precursor cells retained their ability to produce both neuronal and glial phenotypes after prolonged cultivation period.

The total white blood cell count, percentage and total count of lymphocytes, CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ subpopulations of T-lymphocytes, population of CD20+ B-lymphocytes, the ability of polymorphonuclears to phagocyte yeasts, the ability of polymorphonuclear cells to kill serum-resistant strain of E. coli and O2-dependent killing capacity of polymorphonuclears were evaluated in a group of 10 patients with the sicca syndrome and in a group of 9 patients with secondary Sjögren's syndrome and in a healthy control group. There was found a significant decrease in the relative and absolute counts of CD4+ helper/inducer T cells and in the activity of phygocytic cells in both groups of patients with Sjögren's syndrome as compared with the control group. There was no significant difference in the evaluated parameters between primary and secondary Sjögren's syndrome patients.

This report describes an unusual case of 35 year old man with endotracheal mesenchymoma. He was treated for two years as asthmoid bronchitis or asthma without any favourable result. The diagnosis was established by x-ray tomography and the patient was referred to the surgical treatment. The tumour was removed and the trachea was reconstructed. Postoperative course was very good. The patient is doing well without recurrence many years following the operation.

The use of anthracycline antitumour agents (e.g., adriamycin and daunorubicin) is limited by their dose-related cardiotoxicity. The effects of the repeated i.v. administration of daunorubicin (50 mg/m2, once weekly, max. 11 weeks)) were investigated in rabbits in vivo from the point of view of the occurrence of cardiotoxicity and compared with a control group of animals. Noninvasive polygraphic records (in ketamine anaesthesia, 50 mg/kg i.m.) were used for the measurement of systolic time intervals (especially the PEP:LVET ratio) to evaluate the function of the heart. The administration of daunorubicin induced a significant, progressive increase in the PEP:LVET ratio (0.3775-0.9473) and in the PEP:LVETcorr. ratio, as well as a lengthening of the preejection period PEP and a shortening of the left ventricular ejection time LVET without significant changes in the electromechanical systole Q-2. The values in the daunorubicin group were mostly significantly different from the control group of animals. The results of polygraphic records reflect thus a presence of cardiac dysfunction on the basis of daunorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. It is thus possible to conclude that the results obtained in the study confirm the adequacy of the rabbit model of daunorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy and the methods used in the study.

The original multithermocouple probe developed for the use in radiothermotherapy is described in this article. On the basis of experimental measurements and theoretical assumptions the properties of the probe are exactly defined and the mathematical model of the probe is given and identified.

Biotinidase deficiency is an inherited, autosomal recessive disorder involving gluconeogenesis, synthesis of fatty acids and catabolism of branched chain amino acids. As the cutaneous manifestations have been described to be a prominent part of the clinical picture, we tested a group of children and adults with various skin lesions. The blood-spot screening test was repeatedly (new disc and new card) positive in some patients suffering from psoriasis and atopic eczema. The quantitative assay does not confirm the decrease of serum biotinidase activity. Some alternative explanations of these results are put forward.

Parkinson's disease, a classic human degenerative disease, is one of the commonest neurological disorders. Although this movement disorder had been defined a century and a half ago, its aetiology remains unknown. Some environmental factors are suspected to play a key role in induction of slow progressive loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons. Nerve cell death seems to be produced via cytotoxic oxygen radicals which are accumulated in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra. The major biochemical abnormality in parkinsonism is a decrease in the dopamine synthesis although other neurotransmitters are affected too. Several animal models of Parkinson's disease have been introduced to study mechanisms of selective degeneration of the substantia nigra and to assess effectiveness of various therapeutic approaches. Present pharmacological treatment, directed toward replacement of missing dopamine, uses high-dosage of levodopa. However, this therapy helps the symptoms but do not halt the disease. Doses of levodopa have to be increased as symptoms increase in severity, which is associated with severe side effects. Neural transplantation of catecholamine-producing cells seems to be a new promising tool for treatment of Parkinson's disease. Grafts of adrenal medulla, carotid body, pheochromocytoma, sympathetic ganglion and embryonic dopaminergic cells, either in a form of solid pieces or cell suspension, were inoculated into the experimentally denervated striatum of rats and subhuman primates. At present, more than 300 parkinsonian patients have received autologous adrenal medulla or human embryonic nigral grafts but results are still controversial. Attempts for transplantation treatment retreated to the laboratories and researchers are currently seeking to select the best king of cells capable of producing dopamine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Teaching programs and possibilities of creating them are discussed. A teaching program the Frequency Analysis written in the C++ language is described. Principle of harmonic analysis and FFT is explained.