Rofo-fortschritte Auf Dem Gebiet Der Rontgenstrahlen Und Der Bildgebenden Verfahren最新文献

In this paper, we explain the structure and function of different types of figures and provide guidance on how to create effective figures for radiological research publications.Based on scientific literature and our own experience, we have compiled a series of instructions to support the purposeful creation of effective figures for radiological research publications.Effective figures play a crucial role in radiological research publications by clearly visualizing complex content and thereby enhancing its comprehensibility. Different types of figures have distinct strengths that should be strategically employed for optimal impact. The interplay between figures weaves the "common thread" of a publication, facilitating reader comprehension and providing a straightforward path to the answer of the central research question. The systematic coordination (line of evidence) and effective design of individual figures are crucial to compellingly support the publication's central hypothesis.The deliberate creation and coordination of figures in radiological research publications are decisive factors for successful publishing. · Different types of figures have distinct strengths that should be strategically employed for optimal impact.. · The interplay between figures weaves the "common thread" of a publication, facilitating reader comprehension and providing a straightforward path to the answer of the central research question.. · The appropriate coordination of different types of figures enables an effective and precise presentation of the research findings.. · The systematic coordination (line of evidence) and effective design of individual figures are crucial to compellingly support the publication's central hypothesis.. · The deliberate creation and coordination of figures in radiological research publications are decisive factors for successful publishing.. · Pape LJ, Hambach J, Bannas P. Instructions for figures in radiological research publications. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2024; DOI 10.1055/a-2285-3223.

Congenital abnormalities occur in about 3 in 100 fetuses. Prenatal ultrasound is the standard technique to detect these fetal abnormalities. In Germany, three ultrasound examinations are provided in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used as an adjunct technique to provide further information in cases of congenital abnormalities.A literature search was performed on PubMed focusing on publications that used fetal MRI as a secondary approach after prenatal ultrasound.MRI is a safe imaging method that does not harm the fetus when used during pregnancy. Some publications with experts in radiology show a very clear diagnostic advantage with respect to performing MRI on fetuses with brain abnormalities, while other publications with experts in neurosonography do not find the advantage to be that evident. Both techniques are clearly user-dependent.Fetal MRI can supplement the information obtained by fetal ultrasound and can provide additional information or exclude others. Diagnosis made by an interdisciplinary cooperation based on all available ultrasound and MRI findings is the key to optimal imaging and advice for expectant parents. · Fetal MRI poses no risk for the fetus.. · MRI aids prenatal ultrasound in the evaluation of prenatal findings.. · Tavares de Sousa M, Schönnagel BP, Denecke J et al. Prenatal imaging - role of fetal MRI. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2024; DOI 10.1055/a-2357-6997.

In radiology, technological progress has led to an enormous increase in data volumes. To effectively use these data during diagnostics or subsequent clinical evaluations, they have to be aggregated at a central location and be meaningfully retrievable in context. Radiology data warehouses undertake this task: they integrate diverse data sources, enable patient-specific and examination-specific evaluations, and thus offer numerous benefits in patient care, education, and clinical research.The international standard Health Level 7 (HL7) Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) is particularly suitable for the implementation of such a data warehouse. FHIR allows for easy and fast data access, supports modern web-based frontends, and offers high interoperability due to the integration of medical ontologies such as SNOMED-CT or RadLex. Furthermore, FHIR has a robust data security concept. Because of these properties, FHIR has been selected by the Medical Informatics Initiative (MII) as the data standard for the core data set and is intended to be promoted as an international standard in the European Health Data Space (EHDS).Implementing the FHIR standard in radiology data warehouses is therefore a logical and sensible step towards data-driven medicine. · A data warehouse is essential for data-driven medicine, clinical care, and research purposes.. · Data warehouses enable efficient integration of AI results and structured report templates.. · Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) is a suitable standard for a data warehouse.. · FHIR provides an interoperable data standard, supported by proven web technologies.. · FHIR improves semantic consistency and facilitates secure data exchange.. · Arnold P, Pinto dos Santos D, Bamberg F et al. FHIR - Overdue Standard for Radiology Data Warehouses. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2024; DOI 10.1055/a-2462-2351.

This article presents the results of a nationwide survey addressing the status quo of gender equality and family friendliness within German interventional radiology (IR) with a focus on clinical entry and career development.All members of the German Society for Interventional Radiology and Minimally Invasive Therapy (DeGIR) were invited to participate in an online survey between November 2021 and February 2022. The survey consisted of 39 questions on demographic information, marital and parental status, experiences with entry and promotion in IR, family friendliness, and equality. A descriptive analysis of the responses was conducted.197 surveys from female (n=76; 39%) and male (n=121; 61%) interventional radiologists at various stages of training and career were analyzed. Fewer female attending physicians (58%) and chiefs of departments (23%) lived with children compared to male attending physicians (76%) and chiefs of departments (55%). Fewer men (4%) than women (41%) were primarily responsible for childcare. More female (55%) than male (6%) attending physicians worked part-time. Women rated entry into IR as more difficult than men. 55% of women felt disadvantaged by their gender (men: 6%); this was due to assumptions that women "perform less than men" (46%), "drop out due to family commitments" (35%) and that "men are promoted preferentially" (19%). 54% believed that it is more difficult for women to combine work and family. The reasons for this are "family commitments" and "lack of flexible work schedules and childcare". Parents with primary responsibility spent less than 50% of their working time on clinical interventions. Fathers from a younger generation were more likely to take parental leave than fathers of a previous generation (52% vs. 17%). Similar numbers of men (51%) and women (55%) planned to work part-time in the future.There are gender-specific differences in the German IR. To ensure sustainable recruitment of young talent, measures such as the normalization of flexible work schedules should be introduced to create equal conditions for women and men, as well as mothers and fathers, and thus take changing (family) structures adequately into account. · There are gender-specific differences in career entry/career development in German interventional radiology.. · Working conditions must be adapted to ensure the next generation.. · Changing family structures must be adequately taken into account.. · Dewald CL, Blum SF, Becker LS etal. Exploring gender roles in German interventional radiology - how progressive are we? Fortschr Röntgenstr 2024; DOI 10.1055/a-2427-0303.

Diagnosis of lesions of the parapharyngeal space (PPS) often poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to its deep location. As a result of the topographical relationship to nearby neck spaces, a very precise differential diagnosis is possible based on imaging criteria. When in doubt, imaging-guided - usually CT-guided - biopsy and even drainage remain options.Through a precise analysis of the literature including the most recent publications, this review precisely describes the basic and most recent imaging applications for various PPS pathologies and the differential diagnostic scheme for assigning the respective lesions in addition to the possibilities of using interventional radiology.The different pathologies of PPS from congenital malformations and inflammation to tumors are discussed according to frequency. Characteristic criteria and, more recently, the use of advanced imaging procedures and the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) allow a very precise differential diagnosis and support further diagnosis and therapy. After precise access planning, almost all pathologies of the PPS can be biopsied or, if necessary, drained using CT-assisted procedures.Radiological procedures play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment planning of PPS pathologies. · Lesions of the PPS account for about 1-2% of all pathologies of the head and neck region. The majority are benign lesions and inflammatory processes.. · If differential diagnostic questions remain unanswered, material can - if necessary - be obtained via a CT-guided biopsy. Exclusion criteria are hypervascularized processes, especially paragangliomas and angiomas.. · The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in head and neck imaging of various pathologies, such as tumor segmentation, pathological TMN classification, detection of lymph node metastases, and extranodal extension, has significantly increased in recent years.. · Vogl TJ, Burck I, Stöver T et al. Parapharyngeal Space: Diagnostic Imaging and Intervention. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2024; DOI 10.1055/a-2419-9782.

Clinical imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) in combination with computed tomography (CT) are increasingly being used in biomedical research involving small animal models. The handling of open radioactive substances (radiopharmaceuticals) necessary for PET imaging requires prior official authorization for handling, the application of radiation protection principles, and regular training. The overriding aim of radiation protection is to protect the personnel directly involved, other persons, and the environment from the harmful effects of ionizing radiation.This paper aims to provide an overview of the regulatory requirements of the Radiation Protection Act (StrlSchG), the Radiation Protection Ordinance (StrlSchV), and the associated standards and guidelines. Furthermore, their implementation in practical work in small animal imaging using PET/CT is shown. We will focus on the individual steps of the imaging process, from delivery of the radiopharmaceuticals to waste disposal. This should provide interested researchers with an initial overview of the safe and successful use of the method. In addition, exposure values from the last six years in the literature were analyzed. While personal dosimetric monitoring in clinical PET/CT imaging has been extensively published, there is no published data known to us for personnel for PET/CT research with small animals. The evaluation of the personal dosimetric monitoring of our small animal imaging facility with 7 employees over 4 years revealed an increased personal and finger dose normalized to the injected activity and compared to human PET/CT imaging. Nevertheless, the annual personal dose or annual finger dose in small animal imaging (Hp(10): 1.7 mSv, Hp(0.07): 64 mSv) is lower than for personnel performing human PET/CT imaging at the local University Department of Nuclear Medicine (Hp(10): 3.8 mSv, Hp(0.07): 156 mSv) or published values, and is well below the legally permissible maximum dose of 20 or 500 mSv per year.The increasing use of PET/CT in small animal research can be safely utilized if the radiation protection principles are implemented and continuously trained. · PET/CT imaging in small animals is increasingly used in biomedical research.. · Radiation protection laws and guidelines have to be known and are relevant in animal experiments.. · Compared to published values from human medicine, activity-specific employee doses are increased in the presented imaging facility.. · The legal personal dose in the studied imaging facility is below legal limits.. · Schildt A, Sänger P, Lütgens M et al. Radiation protection and personal dosimetry in a core facility for multimodal small animal imaging. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2024; DOI 10.1055/a-2462-2419.

The mutated enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and 2 has been detected in various tumor entities such as gliomas and can convert α-ketoglutarate into the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). This neuro-oncologically significant metabolic product can be detected by MR spectroscopy and is therefore suitable for noninvasive glioma classification and therapy monitoring.This paper provides an up-to-date overview of the methodology and relevance of ¹H-MR spectroscopy (MRS) in the oncological primary and follow-up diagnosis of gliomas. The possibilities and limitations of this MR spectroscopic examination are evaluated on the basis of the available literature.By detecting 2-HG, MRS can in principle offer a noninvasive alternative to immunohistological analysis thus avoiding surgical intervention in some cases. However, in addition to an adapted and optimized examination protocol, the individual measurement conditions in the examination region are of decisive importance. Due to the inherently small signal of 2-HG, unfavorable measurement conditions can influence the reliability of detection. · MR spectroscopy enables the non-invasive detection of 2-hydroxyglutarate.. · The measurement of this metabolite allows the detection of an IDH mutation in gliomas.. · The choice of MR examination method is particularly important.. · Detection reliability is influenced by glioma size, necrotic tissue and the existing measurement conditions.. · Bauer J, Raum HN, Kugel H et al. 2-Hydroxyglutarate as an MR spectroscopic predictor of an IDH mutation in gliomas. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2024; DOI 10.1055/a-2285-4923.