In this study, it was aimed to investigate the microstructure, hardness and wear behavior of graphene nanoplate (GNP) reinforced composites with Al 99.9 matrix produced by powder metallurgy. Different temperatures and times were applied in the sintering process. The hardness values of the composites increased as the sintering temperature and time increased. The hardness values decreased with the increase of GNP reinforcement ratio. The wear losses decreased depending on the increase in sintering temperature and time. With the increase in the GNP reinforcement ratio, reductions in wear losses were recorded. It has been concluded that the GNP reinforcement element in the composite structure reduces the friction coefficient and wear losses by having some lubricating effect. It was observed that the neck and bonding formation between Al 99.9 matrix grains improved with increasing sintering temperature and time. It was concluded that with the development of intergranular bonds, the porosity in the composite structure decreased and the mechanical properties increased.
{"title":"The effect of sintering temperature and time on microstructure, hardness and wear behaviors of Al 99.9/GNP composites","authors":"M. Pul, U. Erdem, Onur Pehlivanli","doi":"10.2298/sos2301029p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sos2301029p","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, it was aimed to investigate the microstructure, hardness and wear behavior of graphene nanoplate (GNP) reinforced composites with Al 99.9 matrix produced by powder metallurgy. Different temperatures and times were applied in the sintering process. The hardness values of the composites increased as the sintering temperature and time increased. The hardness values decreased with the increase of GNP reinforcement ratio. The wear losses decreased depending on the increase in sintering temperature and time. With the increase in the GNP reinforcement ratio, reductions in wear losses were recorded. It has been concluded that the GNP reinforcement element in the composite structure reduces the friction coefficient and wear losses by having some lubricating effect. It was observed that the neck and bonding formation between Al 99.9 matrix grains improved with increasing sintering temperature and time. It was concluded that with the development of intergranular bonds, the porosity in the composite structure decreased and the mechanical properties increased.","PeriodicalId":21592,"journal":{"name":"Science of Sintering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68810982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Glycine assisted self-combustion method resulted in fabrication of cobalt-manganese ferrite substituted by zinc ( Zn ) element. The as-synthesized Zn substituted Co-Mn ferrite was subjected to heat treatment at 600?C and 800?C for 2h. Effects of heat treatment on the structural, morphological, surface and magnetic properties of ZnCoMn ferrite were studied. These properties were characterized by using various techniques including TGA-DTGA, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM and VSM. The results showed that the used preparation route led to the formation of nano crystalline Zn0.2Co0.4Mn0.4Fe2O4 particle with cubic spinel type structure. The crystallinity of this ferrite increases as the heat treatment increases. However, the preparation method resulted to the creation of spongy, fluffy, foamy and fragile material with cubic type structure with some agglomerations. Increasing the calcination temperature from 600?C to 800?C, led to a decrease in the surface area (39.4 %) of the as-synthesized ferrite. This treatment causes an increase in the magnetization(40.3%) of this ferrite. The heat treatment that led to various changes in the different properties of the manufactured ferrite was discussed.
{"title":"Effects of heat treatment on characteristics of Zn substituted Co/Mn ferrite nanoparticles","authors":"N. Deraz","doi":"10.2298/sos221116016d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sos221116016d","url":null,"abstract":"Glycine assisted self-combustion method resulted in fabrication of cobalt-manganese ferrite substituted by zinc ( Zn ) element. The as-synthesized Zn substituted Co-Mn ferrite was subjected to heat treatment at 600?C and 800?C for 2h. Effects of heat treatment on the structural, morphological, surface and magnetic properties of ZnCoMn ferrite were studied. These properties were characterized by using various techniques including TGA-DTGA, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM and VSM. The results showed that the used preparation route led to the formation of nano crystalline Zn0.2Co0.4Mn0.4Fe2O4 particle with cubic spinel type structure. The crystallinity of this ferrite increases as the heat treatment increases. However, the preparation method resulted to the creation of spongy, fluffy, foamy and fragile material with cubic type structure with some agglomerations. Increasing the calcination temperature from 600?C to 800?C, led to a decrease in the surface area (39.4 %) of the as-synthesized ferrite. This treatment causes an increase in the magnetization(40.3%) of this ferrite. The heat treatment that led to various changes in the different properties of the manufactured ferrite was discussed.","PeriodicalId":21592,"journal":{"name":"Science of Sintering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68811331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ivana Jevtic, G. Mladenović, Aleksa Milovanovic, Isaak Trajković, M. Djurkovic, Nenad Korolija, M. Milosevic
This article aims to investigate the mechanical characteristics of specimens fabricated using Selective Laser Sintering technology. The research covers flexural specimens, produced by PA12 materials. CAD model dimensions were selected according to the ISO 178 standard, and the chosen specimen geometry is 96 x 8 x 4 [mm] in bulk. All specimens were produced using a specialized machine Fuse 1 (FormLabs, Summerville, MA). Four specimen batches were produced, each with a different printing orientation (i.e. vertical and horizontal) and location on the printing plate (i.e. in the middle and on the edge of the powder bed). The specimens are tested using a Shimadzu universal machine for testing the mechanical characteristics of materials, AGS-X 100 kN, with a unique additional tool for testing 3-point bending specimens.
本文旨在研究选择性激光烧结技术制备的试样的力学特性。本研究涵盖了由PA12材料制作的弯曲试件。根据ISO 178标准选择CAD模型尺寸，所选试样几何尺寸为96 x 8 x 4 [mm]。所有标本均使用专用机器Fuse 1 (FormLabs, Summerville, MA)制作。制作了四个样品批次，每个批次具有不同的印刷方向(即垂直和水平)和印版上的位置(即在粉末床的中间和边缘)。样品测试使用岛津通用机器测试材料的机械特性，AGS-X 100 kN，与一个独特的附加工具测试三点弯曲样品。
{"title":"The influence of printing orientation on the flexural strength of PA 12 specimens produced by SLS","authors":"Ivana Jevtic, G. Mladenović, Aleksa Milovanovic, Isaak Trajković, M. Djurkovic, Nenad Korolija, M. Milosevic","doi":"10.2298/sos230508031j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sos230508031j","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to investigate the mechanical characteristics of specimens fabricated using Selective Laser Sintering technology. The research covers flexural specimens, produced by PA12 materials. CAD model dimensions were selected according to the ISO 178 standard, and the chosen specimen geometry is 96 x 8 x 4 [mm] in bulk. All specimens were produced using a specialized machine Fuse 1 (FormLabs, Summerville, MA). Four specimen batches were produced, each with a different printing orientation (i.e. vertical and horizontal) and location on the printing plate (i.e. in the middle and on the edge of the powder bed). The specimens are tested using a Shimadzu universal machine for testing the mechanical characteristics of materials, AGS-X 100 kN, with a unique additional tool for testing 3-point bending specimens.","PeriodicalId":21592,"journal":{"name":"Science of Sintering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68812168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Borivoje Nedeljkovic, Vladimir Pavlovic, Nina Obradovic, Nebojsa Mitrovic
The structural properties of a magnetically semi-hard near equiatomic FeCo-2wt%V (FeCoV) alloy produced by Powder Injection Moulding (PIM) (option by fine metal powder - Metal Injection Moulding (MIM) technology) were investigated in this paper. Starting granulate was prepared by mixing FeCoV powder with a low-viscosity binder. After injection, the green samples were first treated with a solvent and then thermally with the same aim of removing the binder. MIM technology was completed by high-temperature sintering for 3.5 hours at temperatures from 1370 OC to 1460 OC in a hydrogen atmosphere, which provides the necessary magnetic and mechanical characteristics. The influence of sintering temperature was investigated concerning the aspects of the processes of structural transformation by the methods of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The appearance of an intense diffraction peak of the ?'-FeCo phase (crystal structure type B2) was registered for all investigated samples. Structural parameters particle size Dmax, Feret X, and Feret Y exhibit constant increase with increase of sintering temperature.
{"title":"Structural features of near equiatomic FeCo-2V semi-hard magnetic alloy prepared by MIM technology","authors":"Borivoje Nedeljkovic, Vladimir Pavlovic, Nina Obradovic, Nebojsa Mitrovic","doi":"10.2298/sos231024055n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sos231024055n","url":null,"abstract":"The structural properties of a magnetically semi-hard near equiatomic FeCo-2wt%V (FeCoV) alloy produced by Powder Injection Moulding (PIM) (option by fine metal powder - Metal Injection Moulding (MIM) technology) were investigated in this paper. Starting granulate was prepared by mixing FeCoV powder with a low-viscosity binder. After injection, the green samples were first treated with a solvent and then thermally with the same aim of removing the binder. MIM technology was completed by high-temperature sintering for 3.5 hours at temperatures from 1370 OC to 1460 OC in a hydrogen atmosphere, which provides the necessary magnetic and mechanical characteristics. The influence of sintering temperature was investigated concerning the aspects of the processes of structural transformation by the methods of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The appearance of an intense diffraction peak of the ?'-FeCo phase (crystal structure type B2) was registered for all investigated samples. Structural parameters particle size Dmax, Feret X, and Feret Y exhibit constant increase with increase of sintering temperature.","PeriodicalId":21592,"journal":{"name":"Science of Sintering","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134888570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Darko Kosanovic, Vladimir Blagojevic, Stanko Aleksic, Jelena Zivojinovic, Adriana Peles-Tadic, Vladimir Pavlovic, Nina Obradovic
BZT ceramics was prepared by using fine powder mixture of BaCO3, TiO2 and ZrO2 in the respective molar ratio to form Ba(Zr0.10Ti0.90)O3 via solid state reaction at elevated temperature. The prepared BZT was milled in the planetary ball mill from 0-120 min to achieve different powder grades from micron to nano-sized particles. After the powder characterization by XRD and SEM the samples were pressed in disc shape and sintered at different temperatures from 1100-1350?C in the air. The sintered samples were characterized by SEM and their density and average grain size was determined and presented vs. sintering temperature and powder grades (milling time). After that the silver epoxy electrodes were deposited on sintered disc samples. The disc samples capacity and resistivity were measured at low frequency region from 1 Hz to 200 kHz using low frequency impedance analyzer. The sintering temperatures and powder grades were used as parameters. Finally the specific resistance ?, dielectric constant (?' + j?") and tg? where determined from the impedance measurements. The behavior of electronic properties where analyzed e.g. the relaxation effect of the space charge (inter-granular electric charges) vs. sintering temperature and ceramic grades. The results obtained were compared with best literature data for the losses in BZT ceramics at low frequencies.
{"title":"Electronic properties of BZT nano-ceramic grades at low frequency region","authors":"Darko Kosanovic, Vladimir Blagojevic, Stanko Aleksic, Jelena Zivojinovic, Adriana Peles-Tadic, Vladimir Pavlovic, Nina Obradovic","doi":"10.2298/sos230717043k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sos230717043k","url":null,"abstract":"BZT ceramics was prepared by using fine powder mixture of BaCO3, TiO2 and ZrO2 in the respective molar ratio to form Ba(Zr0.10Ti0.90)O3 via solid state reaction at elevated temperature. The prepared BZT was milled in the planetary ball mill from 0-120 min to achieve different powder grades from micron to nano-sized particles. After the powder characterization by XRD and SEM the samples were pressed in disc shape and sintered at different temperatures from 1100-1350?C in the air. The sintered samples were characterized by SEM and their density and average grain size was determined and presented vs. sintering temperature and powder grades (milling time). After that the silver epoxy electrodes were deposited on sintered disc samples. The disc samples capacity and resistivity were measured at low frequency region from 1 Hz to 200 kHz using low frequency impedance analyzer. The sintering temperatures and powder grades were used as parameters. Finally the specific resistance ?, dielectric constant (?' + j?\") and tg? where determined from the impedance measurements. The behavior of electronic properties where analyzed e.g. the relaxation effect of the space charge (inter-granular electric charges) vs. sintering temperature and ceramic grades. The results obtained were compared with best literature data for the losses in BZT ceramics at low frequencies.","PeriodicalId":21592,"journal":{"name":"Science of Sintering","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135793553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, bronze-based brake linings containing 0-8 wt% glass powder were manufactured by a hot pressing process and tribological properties of produced samples were investigated using a Chase-type friction tester. The hardness and density of the samples were also determined. The microstructures and friction surfaces of the samples were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As a result, it was dermined that the sample that was reinforced with 8 wt% glass powder has exhibited the best wear behavior. Furthermore, a reduction in the friction coefficient of all the samples with increasing friction surface temperature was observed. The results have showed that friction coefficient stability of the brake lining samples could be improved with the increasing content of glass powder.
{"title":"Effect of glass powder on the friction performance of automotive brake lining materials","authors":"Hüsamettin Kuş, D. Altiparmak","doi":"10.2298/sos211017006k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sos211017006k","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, bronze-based brake linings containing 0-8 wt% glass powder were manufactured by a hot pressing process and tribological properties of produced samples were investigated using a Chase-type friction tester. The hardness and density of the samples were also determined. The microstructures and friction surfaces of the samples were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As a result, it was dermined that the sample that was reinforced with 8 wt% glass powder has exhibited the best wear behavior. Furthermore, a reduction in the friction coefficient of all the samples with increasing friction surface temperature was observed. The results have showed that friction coefficient stability of the brake lining samples could be improved with the increasing content of glass powder.","PeriodicalId":21592,"journal":{"name":"Science of Sintering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68808682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Stevanović, N. Jović-Jovičić, A. Popovič, B. Dojčinović, A. Milutinović-Nikolić, P. Banković, M. Ajdukovic
Catalytic degradation of tartrazine in the presence of Oxone? activated by a catalyst constituted of cobalt supported on a nanocomposite of smectite with chitosan-derived carbon was investigated. The catalyst was synthesized using cobalt impregnation followed by carbonization at 773 K in an inert atmosphere. The synthesized catalyst was previously fully characterized using appropriate characterization methods, including XRPD, XPS, FTIR, HR-TEM, and low-temperature N2-physisorption analysis. The catalytic experiments were performed by varying different experimental parameters (dye concentration, Oxone? concentration, temperature, and initial pH of the reaction solution). The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were estimated from the experimental results. The kinetics data showed the best fit with the pseudo-first-order kinetics model. The activation energy of the investigated degradation process was calculated according to the Arrhenius equation. The catalyst showed excellent performance at low temperatures even at 298 K, and in the wide range of pH values.
{"title":"Cobalt supported chitosan-derived carbon-smectite catalyst in Oxone® induced dye degradation","authors":"G. Stevanović, N. Jović-Jovičić, A. Popovič, B. Dojčinović, A. Milutinović-Nikolić, P. Banković, M. Ajdukovic","doi":"10.2298/sos230427037s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sos230427037s","url":null,"abstract":"Catalytic degradation of tartrazine in the presence of Oxone? activated by a catalyst constituted of cobalt supported on a nanocomposite of smectite with chitosan-derived carbon was investigated. The catalyst was synthesized using cobalt impregnation followed by carbonization at 773 K in an inert atmosphere. The synthesized catalyst was previously fully characterized using appropriate characterization methods, including XRPD, XPS, FTIR, HR-TEM, and low-temperature N2-physisorption analysis. The catalytic experiments were performed by varying different experimental parameters (dye concentration, Oxone? concentration, temperature, and initial pH of the reaction solution). The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were estimated from the experimental results. The kinetics data showed the best fit with the pseudo-first-order kinetics model. The activation energy of the investigated degradation process was calculated according to the Arrhenius equation. The catalyst showed excellent performance at low temperatures even at 298 K, and in the wide range of pH values.","PeriodicalId":21592,"journal":{"name":"Science of Sintering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68812413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Obradović, S. Filipović, W. Fahrenholtz, B. Marinkovic, J. Rogan, S. Lević, Antonije Djordjevic, V. Pavlović
Magnesium aluminate has the spinel structure along with good mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties. Magnesium aluminate has a wide range of applications including refractory ceramics, optically transparent ceramic windows, and armors. Its low dielectric permeability and low loss tangent enable its applications for integrated electronic devices, as well. In this paper, MgO and Al2O3 powders were mixed in a one-to-one molar ratio and calcined at temperatures ranging from 1500 to 1800oC to produce phase pure spinel. Thereafter, pellets were crushed and treated in a planetary ball mill for 60 min to obtain a fine powder. All powders were examined for phase composition, crystal structure, and morphology. The obtained results showed that by increasing the temperature, samples with higher density were synthesized. Milling for 1 h led to formation of larger particles, but finer powders after milling. XRPD and Raman spectroscopy showed disorder in the crystal structure after milling.
{"title":"Morphological and structural characterization of MgAl2O4 spinel","authors":"N. Obradović, S. Filipović, W. Fahrenholtz, B. Marinkovic, J. Rogan, S. Lević, Antonije Djordjevic, V. Pavlović","doi":"10.2298/sos2301001o","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sos2301001o","url":null,"abstract":"Magnesium aluminate has the spinel structure along with good mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties. Magnesium aluminate has a wide range of applications including refractory ceramics, optically transparent ceramic windows, and armors. Its low dielectric permeability and low loss tangent enable its applications for integrated electronic devices, as well. In this paper, MgO and Al2O3 powders were mixed in a one-to-one molar ratio and calcined at temperatures ranging from 1500 to 1800oC to produce phase pure spinel. Thereafter, pellets were crushed and treated in a planetary ball mill for 60 min to obtain a fine powder. All powders were examined for phase composition, crystal structure, and morphology. The obtained results showed that by increasing the temperature, samples with higher density were synthesized. Milling for 1 h led to formation of larger particles, but finer powders after milling. XRPD and Raman spectroscopy showed disorder in the crystal structure after milling.","PeriodicalId":21592,"journal":{"name":"Science of Sintering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68811372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A powder of Cu0.2Ni0.5Zn1.0 Mn1.3O4 composition for custom thermistor was prepared by using the respective mixture of metal oxides and solid state reaction at 1000 ?C/4h in air. The obtained thermistor powder was milled in the planetary ball mill and agate mill for a prolonged time to achieve submicron powder. The prepared thermistor powder was further characterized by using XRD and SEM techniques. After that, the thermistor powder was pressed into small disc-shaped samples and sintered at 1150 ?C/2h. The sintered samples were also characterized by using XRD and SEM. The main electrical properties such as nominal resistance R and thermistor exponential factor B were measured in the climatic test chamber. After that, the thick film paste was prepared using the same powder, an organic vehicle and a glass frit. The paste was printed on alumina substrate, dried at 150 ?C /30 min and sintered in air at 850 ?C /10 min in a hybrid conveyor furnace. Planar electrodes were printed on the sintered NTC thermistor layer using PdAg thick film paste. The electric properties of the sintered thick film thermistor were also measured in the climatic test chamber. The obtained results were used for development of novel self-heating thermistor applications.
{"title":"Characterization of NTC thick film thermistor paste Cu0.2Ni0.5Zn1.0Mn1.3O4","authors":"S. Aleksic, N. Obradović, N. Mitrović, M. Lukovic","doi":"10.2298/sos230608036a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sos230608036a","url":null,"abstract":"A powder of Cu0.2Ni0.5Zn1.0 Mn1.3O4 composition for custom thermistor was prepared by using the respective mixture of metal oxides and solid state reaction at 1000 ?C/4h in air. The obtained thermistor powder was milled in the planetary ball mill and agate mill for a prolonged time to achieve submicron powder. The prepared thermistor powder was further characterized by using XRD and SEM techniques. After that, the thermistor powder was pressed into small disc-shaped samples and sintered at 1150 ?C/2h. The sintered samples were also characterized by using XRD and SEM. The main electrical properties such as nominal resistance R and thermistor exponential factor B were measured in the climatic test chamber. After that, the thick film paste was prepared using the same powder, an organic vehicle and a glass frit. The paste was printed on alumina substrate, dried at 150 ?C /30 min and sintered in air at 850 ?C /10 min in a hybrid conveyor furnace. Planar electrodes were printed on the sintered NTC thermistor layer using PdAg thick film paste. The electric properties of the sintered thick film thermistor were also measured in the climatic test chamber. The obtained results were used for development of novel self-heating thermistor applications.","PeriodicalId":21592,"journal":{"name":"Science of Sintering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68812630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chen Hongxu, R. Azis, M. Zaid, K. Matori, I. Ismail
Calcium oxide from discarded eggshells and waste soda-lime-silica were utilized in this study to make wollastonite (CaSiO3) based glass-ceramics. The calcium oxide and silica were made using the melt-quenching process and sintered for 2 hours at 700 to 1000?C. The XRD data verified that the wollastonite crystalline peak appeared at high sintering temperatures, with crystalline phase values of 39.74%, 47.37%, and 48.91% as the sintering temperature increased at 800-1000?C, respectively. Additionally, crystalline size and phase have no obvious change at 800-1000?C, where the intensity has increased by the sintering temperature. The FTIR spectra revealed the wollastonite phase vibration at the wavelength of 501 cm-1, 650cm-1, 715cm-1, 808cm-1, 931cm-1, 2129 cm-1. Additionally, the FTIR spectral confirm the Si-O-Ca vibration band at the wavelength of 650 cm-1. For the optical sample, the value of indirect allowed transition with n=2 is the ideal value of the optical band gap based on a band gap rise from 3.89 to 4.23 eV with increasing sintering temperature. The value n=2 which is the indirect allowed transition is the optimal value of the optical band gap based on the value increase from 3.89-4.23 eV as the temperature increase. The synthesis approach introduced the low-cost method, recycle approach, simple and yet uses cheap starting materials for fabrication of wollastonite glass-ceramics product.
{"title":"Influence of sintering temperature on structure, physical, and optical properties of wollastonite based glass-ceramic derived from waste eggshells and waste soda-lime-silica glasses","authors":"Chen Hongxu, R. Azis, M. Zaid, K. Matori, I. Ismail","doi":"10.2298/sos230701041h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sos230701041h","url":null,"abstract":"Calcium oxide from discarded eggshells and waste soda-lime-silica were utilized in this study to make wollastonite (CaSiO3) based glass-ceramics. The calcium oxide and silica were made using the melt-quenching process and sintered for 2 hours at 700 to 1000?C. The XRD data verified that the wollastonite crystalline peak appeared at high sintering temperatures, with crystalline phase values of 39.74%, 47.37%, and 48.91% as the sintering temperature increased at 800-1000?C, respectively. Additionally, crystalline size and phase have no obvious change at 800-1000?C, where the intensity has increased by the sintering temperature. The FTIR spectra revealed the wollastonite phase vibration at the wavelength of 501 cm-1, 650cm-1, 715cm-1, 808cm-1, 931cm-1, 2129 cm-1. Additionally, the FTIR spectral confirm the Si-O-Ca vibration band at the wavelength of 650 cm-1. For the optical sample, the value of indirect allowed transition with n=2 is the ideal value of the optical band gap based on a band gap rise from 3.89 to 4.23 eV with increasing sintering temperature. The value n=2 which is the indirect allowed transition is the optimal value of the optical band gap based on the value increase from 3.89-4.23 eV as the temperature increase. The synthesis approach introduced the low-cost method, recycle approach, simple and yet uses cheap starting materials for fabrication of wollastonite glass-ceramics product.","PeriodicalId":21592,"journal":{"name":"Science of Sintering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68812870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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