Tanja Dražič, B. Jocković, V. Momčilović, Vladimir Aćin, S. Mikić, M. Mirosavljević
This study aimed to quantify the changes in grain yield and main agronomic traits in winter wheat cultivars registered during the past 90 years . A field trial with 18 winter wheat cultivars registered from 1930 to 2016 was conducted at the experimental field Rimiski šančevi during two growing seasons . The following agronomic traits were measured: grain yield, stem height, spike length, heading date, hectolitre mass, 1000 grain weight, and grain number per unit area . The results of this study showed that there was a significant genotypic effect on the studied traits . Du-ring the past 90 years, grain yield increased at rate of 50 kg ha -1 per year of cultivar release . Grain yield improvement was followed by stem height decrease (0 .4 cm per year of cultivar release) and earlier heading date in modern cultivars, which were 7 -8 days earlier than the older ones . Modern wheat cultivars were characterized by a higher grain number per unit area than the ol-der ones while during the past 90 years, the 1000 grain weight was not significantly related to the year of cultivar release . Further grain yield improvement should be related to a further increase of grain number per unit area while maintaining a higher 1000 grain weight.
{"title":"Genetic gain in grain yield and main agronomic traits of winter wheat during the past 90 years in Pannonian plain","authors":"Tanja Dražič, B. Jocković, V. Momčilović, Vladimir Aćin, S. Mikić, M. Mirosavljević","doi":"10.5937/selsem2202022d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2202022d","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to quantify the changes in grain yield and main agronomic traits in winter wheat cultivars registered during the past 90 years . A field trial with 18 winter wheat cultivars registered from 1930 to 2016 was conducted at the experimental field Rimiski šančevi during two growing seasons . The following agronomic traits were measured: grain yield, stem height, spike length, heading date, hectolitre mass, 1000 grain weight, and grain number per unit area . The results of this study showed that there was a significant genotypic effect on the studied traits . Du-ring the past 90 years, grain yield increased at rate of 50 kg ha -1 per year of cultivar release . Grain yield improvement was followed by stem height decrease (0 .4 cm per year of cultivar release) and earlier heading date in modern cultivars, which were 7 -8 days earlier than the older ones . Modern wheat cultivars were characterized by a higher grain number per unit area than the ol-der ones while during the past 90 years, the 1000 grain weight was not significantly related to the year of cultivar release . Further grain yield improvement should be related to a further increase of grain number per unit area while maintaining a higher 1000 grain weight.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Kravić, V. Dragičević, M. Milivojević, Vojka Babić, S. Žilić
Seed deterioration is expressed as the loss of viability, vigour and quality during ageing. The major causes of seed deterioration refer to free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation, enzyme inactivation or protein degradation, disruption of cellular membranes and damage to genetic integrity. Accelerated ageing (AA) is a simple method for studying the mechanisms of deterioration over short periods. In order to estimate the deterioration rate, seeds of four maize genotypes were exposed to accelerated ageing for different time points (three and six days of AA). In parallel, the same genotypes were evaluated regarding the content of total phenolics, phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins, as well as regarding total antioxidant capacity. Compared to non-stressed seeds, ageing was evidenced by decreased germination energy (48 .9%), a total number of seedlings (40 .8%) and seedlings growth (70 .0% for root length, 44 .0% and 10 .5% for root and shoot fresh weight, 5 .0% for seed rest fresh weight, 12 .0% and 11 .5% for root and shoot dry weight, 15 .3% for seed rest dry weight, respectively), as well as by an increased number of abnormal seedlings (22 .0%). Correlation analysis revealed that higher content of total phenolics, flavonoids and anthocyanins contributed to a higher radical scavenging activity, which was reflected through a lower level of deterioration rate, both regarding the energy of germination and overall seedling performance.
{"title":"Antioxidants from maize seeds and accelerated ageing","authors":"N. Kravić, V. Dragičević, M. Milivojević, Vojka Babić, S. Žilić","doi":"10.5937/selsem2102047k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2102047k","url":null,"abstract":"Seed deterioration is expressed as the loss of viability, vigour and quality during ageing. The major causes of seed deterioration refer to free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation, enzyme inactivation or protein degradation, disruption of cellular membranes and damage to genetic integrity. Accelerated ageing (AA) is a simple method for studying the mechanisms of deterioration over short periods. In order to estimate the deterioration rate, seeds of four maize genotypes were exposed to accelerated ageing for different time points (three and six days of AA). In parallel, the same genotypes were evaluated regarding the content of total phenolics, phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins, as well as regarding total antioxidant capacity. Compared to non-stressed seeds, ageing was evidenced by decreased germination energy (48 .9%), a total number of seedlings (40 .8%) and seedlings growth (70 .0% for root length, 44 .0% and 10 .5% for root and shoot fresh weight, 5 .0% for seed rest fresh weight, 12 .0% and 11 .5% for root and shoot dry weight, 15 .3% for seed rest dry weight, respectively), as well as by an increased number of abnormal seedlings (22 .0%). Correlation analysis revealed that higher content of total phenolics, flavonoids and anthocyanins contributed to a higher radical scavenging activity, which was reflected through a lower level of deterioration rate, both regarding the energy of germination and overall seedling performance.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Damnjanovic, S. Pavlović, Z. Girek, S. Savić, M. Ugrinović, M. Brdar-Jokanović, N. Pavlović
One of the goals in eggplant breeding (Solanum melongena L .) is higher yield, as well as adaptation to different environments. Our study included 20 different eggplant genotypes. The experiment was conducted at three different locations (Smederevska Palanka, Vranovo and Kusadak) using a randomized complete block design in three replications. The influence of two factors on yield per plant was examined: genotype and location. Two-factor ANOVA showed a significant influence of genotype, location as well as genotype x location interaction on yield per plant . After the analysis of 20 genotypes at three different locations, the recorded average yield per plant was 2 .47 kg. Significantly higher yields per plant than the general average were recorded for genotypes K13 (3 .02 kg), K20 (2 .99 kg), K21 (3 .44 kg), K34 (4 .35 kg), K39 (4 .28 kg). The hig-hest yield had the genotype K34 at the location Vranovo (4 .71 kg). At the locatio of Smederevska Palanka, genotype K39 had the highest average value, while genotype K1 (1 .09 kg) had the lowest yield below the general average. Genotype K39 had a significantly higher yield per plant above the average value at the Kusadak site. Based on the results of AMMI analysis, it can be concluded that there are significant differences between locations, genotypes as well as interactions (Table 3). Of the total sum of squares, 86 .10% refers to the effect of genotype, while the sum of squares of genotype × location is three times higher than the sum of squares of location (10 .25% compared to 3 .07%). The most stable location based on the AMMI stability coefficient (0 .92) was Smede-revska Palanka, while the least stable was Kusadak (2 .34). Genotypes K13, K39, K36, with a yield above the general average, had a low value of PC1, which indicates that they were less influenced by locations, ie. that they had good yield stability in all locations . Genotype K34 stood out as the most productive genotype. Genotypes K3, K7, K16, K19 and K38 were below the average yield value but proved to be stable . The strongest interaction (ASV) was observed in genotypes K1 (below average yield) and K21, K25 (above average yield), where the last two are closely adapted to the location Kusadak.
{"title":"Influence of genotypes and environment on eggplant yield","authors":"J. Damnjanovic, S. Pavlović, Z. Girek, S. Savić, M. Ugrinović, M. Brdar-Jokanović, N. Pavlović","doi":"10.5937/selsem2102011d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2102011d","url":null,"abstract":"One of the goals in eggplant breeding (Solanum melongena L .) is higher yield, as well as adaptation to different environments. Our study included 20 different eggplant genotypes. The experiment was conducted at three different locations (Smederevska Palanka, Vranovo and Kusadak) using a randomized complete block design in three replications. The influence of two factors on yield per plant was examined: genotype and location. Two-factor ANOVA showed a significant influence of genotype, location as well as genotype x location interaction on yield per plant . After the analysis of 20 genotypes at three different locations, the recorded average yield per plant was 2 .47 kg. Significantly higher yields per plant than the general average were recorded for genotypes K13 (3 .02 kg), K20 (2 .99 kg), K21 (3 .44 kg), K34 (4 .35 kg), K39 (4 .28 kg). The hig-hest yield had the genotype K34 at the location Vranovo (4 .71 kg). At the locatio of Smederevska Palanka, genotype K39 had the highest average value, while genotype K1 (1 .09 kg) had the lowest yield below the general average. Genotype K39 had a significantly higher yield per plant above the average value at the Kusadak site. Based on the results of AMMI analysis, it can be concluded that there are significant differences between locations, genotypes as well as interactions (Table 3). Of the total sum of squares, 86 .10% refers to the effect of genotype, while the sum of squares of genotype × location is three times higher than the sum of squares of location (10 .25% compared to 3 .07%). The most stable location based on the AMMI stability coefficient (0 .92) was Smede-revska Palanka, while the least stable was Kusadak (2 .34). Genotypes K13, K39, K36, with a yield above the general average, had a low value of PC1, which indicates that they were less influenced by locations, ie. that they had good yield stability in all locations . Genotype K34 stood out as the most productive genotype. Genotypes K3, K7, K16, K19 and K38 were below the average yield value but proved to be stable . The strongest interaction (ASV) was observed in genotypes K1 (below average yield) and K21, K25 (above average yield), where the last two are closely adapted to the location Kusadak.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Nikolić, Vojka Babić, N. Kravić, M. Filipović, S. Žilić, M. Simić, M. Radosavljević
In the process of hybrid maize breeding, the greatest attention is directed towards increasing the level and stability of the yield, while grain quality is of secondary importance. The very principles of hybrid breeding, as well as the economic aspects and competition between different breeding companies, have led to an enormous narrowing of the genetic basis of commercial maize hybrids. Concurrently, there is usually a small number of often related hybrids of similar technological and nutritional quality present on the market. Six best-selling ZP maize hybrids in the previous ten years were chosen as the subject of this study. In the period from 2009-2018, both the yield components and parameters of technological and nutritional quality of the grain were studied. It was found that the examined parameters varied a lot in different years of production and that some parameters were more influenced by genotype (number of kernel rows per ear, portion of pericarp, and crude fiber content) while others were more influenced by the environment (kernel weight per ear, total protein, starch, and oil content, respectively). The amount and the distribution of precipitation during the vegetative period affected not only the yield components i .e. grain yield but also the technological quality parameters and nutritional properties of the grain. Based on the observed parental components, it is evident that they are related hybrids that, despite the high genotype by environment interactions, consequently have similar parameters of technological quality and nutritional composition. The imperative is to develop special breeding programs aiming to create both the starting material and parental components to provide hybrids of improved technological quality and nutritional properties on the market. In that way, the needs of the processing industry for raw materials of certain characteristics can be met.
{"title":"The variability and interdependence of basic technological quality parameters of maize hybrids in long-term research","authors":"V. Nikolić, Vojka Babić, N. Kravić, M. Filipović, S. Žilić, M. Simić, M. Radosavljević","doi":"10.5937/selsem2102021n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2102021n","url":null,"abstract":"In the process of hybrid maize breeding, the greatest attention is directed towards increasing the level and stability of the yield, while grain quality is of secondary importance. The very principles of hybrid breeding, as well as the economic aspects and competition between different breeding companies, have led to an enormous narrowing of the genetic basis of commercial maize hybrids. Concurrently, there is usually a small number of often related hybrids of similar technological and nutritional quality present on the market. Six best-selling ZP maize hybrids in the previous ten years were chosen as the subject of this study. In the period from 2009-2018, both the yield components and parameters of technological and nutritional quality of the grain were studied. It was found that the examined parameters varied a lot in different years of production and that some parameters were more influenced by genotype (number of kernel rows per ear, portion of pericarp, and crude fiber content) while others were more influenced by the environment (kernel weight per ear, total protein, starch, and oil content, respectively). The amount and the distribution of precipitation during the vegetative period affected not only the yield components i .e. grain yield but also the technological quality parameters and nutritional properties of the grain. Based on the observed parental components, it is evident that they are related hybrids that, despite the high genotype by environment interactions, consequently have similar parameters of technological quality and nutritional composition. The imperative is to develop special breeding programs aiming to create both the starting material and parental components to provide hybrids of improved technological quality and nutritional properties on the market. In that way, the needs of the processing industry for raw materials of certain characteristics can be met.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The F2 population was developed by crossing the adaptive yield variety of soybean with a variety without the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor in the mature grain. From the segregating F2 population 48 plants were taken. Their seeds were used to set up field experiment; part of the seed was saved for full-sib (FS) crosses. After yield testing, three lines marked as L6, L30 and L38 were chosen. Two FS cross combination, using saved seeds, were made (L30 x L38 and L6 x L30). Progenies of soybean full-sibs (FSF1:2) and each mother plant (F3:4) were grown, to make enough seed for testing in the field experiment. Data obtained in this experiment were processed to determine correlations of grain yield and other studied traits between mother's and proper full-sib progenies, using simple correlations and Spearman's rank correlations. A significant correlation into examinated traits between two types of progenies does not found, except for stem height and 1000 grain weight in the FS combination L30 x L38. The lack of correlation of plant characteristics between progenies of full-sibs and their mothers indicated the influence of lines used as fathers component. In both combinations of FS crosses, FSF1:2 progenies with better yield than the adapted parent (one without Kunitz trypsin inhibitor) were identified, which are considered promising for the further process of creating new varieties.
{"title":"Correlations of grain yields and yield components among mother's and full-sib progenies of soybean","authors":"M. Srebrić, V. Perić","doi":"10.5937/selsem2101033s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2101033s","url":null,"abstract":"The F2 population was developed by crossing the adaptive yield variety of soybean with a variety without the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor in the mature grain. From the segregating F2 population 48 plants were taken. Their seeds were used to set up field experiment; part of the seed was saved for full-sib (FS) crosses. After yield testing, three lines marked as L6, L30 and L38 were chosen. Two FS cross combination, using saved seeds, were made (L30 x L38 and L6 x L30). Progenies of soybean full-sibs (FSF1:2) and each mother plant (F3:4) were grown, to make enough seed for testing in the field experiment. Data obtained in this experiment were processed to determine correlations of grain yield and other studied traits between mother's and proper full-sib progenies, using simple correlations and Spearman's rank correlations. A significant correlation into examinated traits between two types of progenies does not found, except for stem height and 1000 grain weight in the FS combination L30 x L38. The lack of correlation of plant characteristics between progenies of full-sibs and their mothers indicated the influence of lines used as fathers component. In both combinations of FS crosses, FSF1:2 progenies with better yield than the adapted parent (one without Kunitz trypsin inhibitor) were identified, which are considered promising for the further process of creating new varieties.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Đorđe Radić (1839-1922) je poznat kao prvi srpski doktor agronomskih nauka, mada on nije samo u tome čelni agronom Srbije, pa je to uzeto za opštu temu članka, sa posebnim osvrtom na oplemenjivanje i semenarstvo kulturnih biljaka. Radić je bio utemeljivač srpske agronauke, osnivač prvih poljoprivrednih škola, pisac kompleksne knjiške i časopisne literature, u koje je uveo crtež i kolor. Autor je prvih monografija o gajenju najvažnijih kulturnih biljaka i živine, suosnivač i čelnik srpskog Društva za poljsku privredu (DPP), njegov sekretar i urednik glasila, zatim prvi agro-prosvetitelj i agroistoričar, prvi citiran u svetskoj literaturi. Bio je član više od 60 društava, prvi je odnegovao sorte biljaka i meleze ovaca, jedan od prvih genetičara, oplemenjivača i semenara u svetu, a prvi u Srba. Prvi je među agronomima postao član Srpskog učenog društva i počasni član Srpske kraljevske akademije. Kralj Milan ga je 1889. godine odlikovao ordenom Sv. Save. Jednom rečju, Đorđe Radić je bio prvi, jedini i najzaslužniji za više od 50 prvina u srpskoj agronomiji, po čemu je jedinstven. Kada bi postojala vaga koja meri veličinu naučnika, onda bi on svakako ušao u vrh plejade najvećih ili najobrazovanijih, najkorisnijih, najproduktivnijih, najumnijih i najsvestranijih srpskih agronoma svih vremena. Članak obelodanjuje i ogrešenja o dr Radića.
乔治·拉迪奇（George Radic，1839-1922）被称为第一位塞尔维亚农学博士，尽管他不仅是塞尔维亚农学领域的领导者，因此本文将其作为一般主题，特别关注栽培植物的受精和语义。Radićje bio utemeljivačsrpske agronauke，osnivačprvih poljoprivarednihškola，pisac kompleksne knjiške ičasopisne文学，u koje uveo crteži kolor。作者是第一本关于培育最重要的文化动植物的专著，是塞尔维亚农业学会的联合创始人和负责人，他的秘书和编辑，也是第一位农业污染者和农业故事讲述者，首次被世界文学引用。他是60多个学会的成员，他第一次研究植物品种和群体，是世界上最早的遗传学家、农民和研讨会之一，也是塞尔维亚的第一个。第一位是塞尔维亚学院的成员和塞尔维亚皇家学院的荣誉成员。米兰国王出生于1889年。多年来一直受到圣Save的庇护。总之，乔治·拉迪奇是塞尔维亚农学的第一位，也是唯一一位，也是最值得获得50多项第一的人，根据这一点，他是独一无二的。如果有一辆能衡量科学家规模的马车，他肯定会成为有史以来受教育程度最高、最有用、最多产、最聪明、最杰出的塞尔维亚农学家。这篇文章还向拉迪奇博士提供了一个错误。
{"title":"Prahu oca Srpske agronomije i utemeljivaču selekcije i semenarstva","authors":"Mladen Mirić","doi":"10.5937/selsem2102059m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2102059m","url":null,"abstract":"Đorđe Radić (1839-1922) je poznat kao prvi srpski doktor agronomskih nauka, mada on nije samo u tome čelni agronom Srbije, pa je to uzeto za opštu temu članka, sa posebnim osvrtom na oplemenjivanje i semenarstvo kulturnih biljaka. Radić je bio utemeljivač srpske agronauke, osnivač prvih poljoprivrednih škola, pisac kompleksne knjiške i časopisne literature, u koje je uveo crtež i kolor. Autor je prvih monografija o gajenju najvažnijih kulturnih biljaka i živine, suosnivač i čelnik srpskog Društva za poljsku privredu (DPP), njegov sekretar i urednik glasila, zatim prvi agro-prosvetitelj i agroistoričar, prvi citiran u svetskoj literaturi. Bio je član više od 60 društava, prvi je odnegovao sorte biljaka i meleze ovaca, jedan od prvih genetičara, oplemenjivača i semenara u svetu, a prvi u Srba. Prvi je među agronomima postao član Srpskog učenog društva i počasni član Srpske kraljevske akademije. Kralj Milan ga je 1889. godine odlikovao ordenom Sv. Save. Jednom rečju, Đorđe Radić je bio prvi, jedini i najzaslužniji za više od 50 prvina u srpskoj agronomiji, po čemu je jedinstven. Kada bi postojala vaga koja meri veličinu naučnika, onda bi on svakako ušao u vrh plejade najvećih ili najobrazovanijih, najkorisnijih, najproduktivnijih, najumnijih i najsvestranijih srpskih agronoma svih vremena. Članak obelodanjuje i ogrešenja o dr Radića.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pepper (Capsicum annuum) is one of the major vegetable species in the world, and Serbia as well. The pepper assortment of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops includes varieties of different fruit type such as the bell, conical, kapia, elongated, pepperoni and tomato-shaped peppers. However, in the assortment of the Institute, there is no variety of sweet pepper with conical and hanging fruits. Because of that, we wanted to develop a new pepper variety with this fruit type and offer it to the market. Selected lines from one of the crossbreeding combinations were grown in the open field and the greenhouse area by the pedigree method in the period 2012-2017. Based on the phenotype, the most vital plants that had the desired characteristics of the fruit were selected. During the many years of breeding, a new pepper variety NS Prva was obtained. NS Prva has been registered in the Republic of Serbia in 2019 and from that period it has been on the National variety list. The fruits of this variety are about 150 g, have one peak, grow hanging on the plant, with light yellow colour in technological maturity, and red in full maturity. A new pepper variety NS Prva is recommended for growing in a greenhouse where it gives uniform fruits suitable for the market in all maturity stages. It can also be recommended for growing in the open field where it gives slightly longer fruits. NS Prva showed good storage ability three weeks after harvest since it had the smallest reduction in fruit weight during storage in a cold chamber
{"title":"Fruit characteristics of new pepper variety \"NS Prva\"","authors":"D. Danojević, S. Medić-Pap, S. Glogovac","doi":"10.5937/selsem2101001d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2101001d","url":null,"abstract":"Pepper (Capsicum annuum) is one of the major vegetable species in the world, and Serbia as well. The pepper assortment of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops includes varieties of different fruit type such as the bell, conical, kapia, elongated, pepperoni and tomato-shaped peppers. However, in the assortment of the Institute, there is no variety of sweet pepper with conical and hanging fruits. Because of that, we wanted to develop a new pepper variety with this fruit type and offer it to the market. Selected lines from one of the crossbreeding combinations were grown in the open field and the greenhouse area by the pedigree method in the period 2012-2017. Based on the phenotype, the most vital plants that had the desired characteristics of the fruit were selected. During the many years of breeding, a new pepper variety NS Prva was obtained. NS Prva has been registered in the Republic of Serbia in 2019 and from that period it has been on the National variety list. The fruits of this variety are about 150 g, have one peak, grow hanging on the plant, with light yellow colour in technological maturity, and red in full maturity. A new pepper variety NS Prva is recommended for growing in a greenhouse where it gives uniform fruits suitable for the market in all maturity stages. It can also be recommended for growing in the open field where it gives slightly longer fruits. NS Prva showed good storage ability three weeks after harvest since it had the smallest reduction in fruit weight during storage in a cold chamber","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Krstić, V. Mladenov, Jelena Ovuka, D. Stanisavljevic, B. Mitrović, J. Krstić, S. Gvozdenac
Maize is one of the most important field crops with broad genetic and phenotypic variations. It occupies an important place in agricultural production in the world as in Serbia. The main aim of maize breeding is to obtain new inbred lines, i.e. to identify new hybrid combinations that will surpass existing hybrids in terms of grain yield and other important traits. The aim of this study was to examine the phenotypic variability of 10 NS maize hybrids of different genetic bases and maturity groups in agroecological conditions in Rimski Šančevi, to consider the interdependence of grain yield and other tested traits using PCA and correlation analysis. The obtained results indicate a significant variation of all examined properties except for the ear length. The significance of the difference indicated by the F test was confirmed by the Duncan test. Correlation coefficients indicate a significant positive interdependence between the mass of 1000 grains and the ear length (r = 0.698). PCA analysis provided a more complex analysis of the interdependencies of the examined traits and grain yield. The highest yields were achieved by hybrids that simultaneously showed high values of several yield components. Yields ranged from 11,210 kg ha-1 in the G-10 hybrid (FAO 600), to 14,790 kg ha-1 in the G-3 hybrid (FAO 400). In this study, hybrids of earlier maturity achieved higher grain yields, mainly due to drought tolerance. Therefore, the goal is to create drought-tolerant maize hybrids that will successfully endure the negative consequences of global warming.
{"title":"Variability and interdependence of characteristics of maize hybrids of different vegetation lengths","authors":"M. Krstić, V. Mladenov, Jelena Ovuka, D. Stanisavljevic, B. Mitrović, J. Krstić, S. Gvozdenac","doi":"10.5937/selsem2101007k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2101007k","url":null,"abstract":"Maize is one of the most important field crops with broad genetic and phenotypic variations. It occupies an important place in agricultural production in the world as in Serbia. The main aim of maize breeding is to obtain new inbred lines, i.e. to identify new hybrid combinations that will surpass existing hybrids in terms of grain yield and other important traits. The aim of this study was to examine the phenotypic variability of 10 NS maize hybrids of different genetic bases and maturity groups in agroecological conditions in Rimski Šančevi, to consider the interdependence of grain yield and other tested traits using PCA and correlation analysis. The obtained results indicate a significant variation of all examined properties except for the ear length. The significance of the difference indicated by the F test was confirmed by the Duncan test. Correlation coefficients indicate a significant positive interdependence between the mass of 1000 grains and the ear length (r = 0.698). PCA analysis provided a more complex analysis of the interdependencies of the examined traits and grain yield. The highest yields were achieved by hybrids that simultaneously showed high values of several yield components. Yields ranged from 11,210 kg ha-1 in the G-10 hybrid (FAO 600), to 14,790 kg ha-1 in the G-3 hybrid (FAO 400). In this study, hybrids of earlier maturity achieved higher grain yields, mainly due to drought tolerance. Therefore, the goal is to create drought-tolerant maize hybrids that will successfully endure the negative consequences of global warming.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Rajičić, D. Terzić, V. Popović, V. Babić, D. Đokić, Nenad Đurić, S. Branković
Oat is widely grown in Western Serbia and compared to other cereal crops is reputed to be better suited for production under marginal environments, including low fertility soils and cool wet climates. To determine the effect of cultivar and growing seasons on the yield and components of the oats yield two varieties were examined during three years, in the field experiment of the secondary agricultural-chemical school "Dr Đorđe Radić" in Kraljevo. Trials were arranged according to a randomized scheme in five replications. The following oat traits were analyzed: grain yield, 1000-kernel weight, test weight and plant height. The experiment was performed on extremely acidic pseudogley soil. The obtained results show a high effect of the years on grain yield and certain parameters of its quality. On average, the highest yield of oats 2 .879 t ha-1 was obtained in the variety Vranac. The results of these studies indicate a significant impact of the growing season on grain yield and quality of oats, grown on poor soils of the pseudogley type, which is often present in Western Serbia. Grain yield shows a tendency to increase in years with a higher total amount and better distribution of precipitation during the critical stages of oat plant development.
燕麦在塞尔维亚西部广泛种植，与其他谷类作物相比，燕麦被认为更适合在边际环境下生产，包括低肥力土壤和凉爽潮湿的气候。为了确定品种和生长季节对燕麦产量和产量组成的影响，在克拉列沃的二级农化学校“博士Đorđe radiki”的田间试验中，对两个品种进行了为期三年的研究。试验按随机方案安排，分为5个重复。对籽粒产量、千粒重、试重和株高进行了分析。本试验是在极酸性的伪土上进行的。结果表明，年份对籽粒产量和籽粒品质的某些参数影响较大。平均而言，Vranac品种的燕麦产量最高，为2.879 t ha-1。这些研究的结果表明，生长季节对燕麦的谷物产量和质量有重大影响，这些燕麦生长在塞尔维亚西部经常存在的伪麦草类型的贫瘠土壤上。在燕麦植株发育的关键时期，籽粒产量在降水总量高、分布较好的年份有增加的趋势。
{"title":"The effect of genotype and growing seasons on yield and quality of oats on pseudogley soil","authors":"V. Rajičić, D. Terzić, V. Popović, V. Babić, D. Đokić, Nenad Đurić, S. Branković","doi":"10.5937/selsem2102001r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2102001r","url":null,"abstract":"Oat is widely grown in Western Serbia and compared to other cereal crops is reputed to be better suited for production under marginal environments, including low fertility soils and cool wet climates. To determine the effect of cultivar and growing seasons on the yield and components of the oats yield two varieties were examined during three years, in the field experiment of the secondary agricultural-chemical school \"Dr Đorđe Radić\" in Kraljevo. Trials were arranged according to a randomized scheme in five replications. The following oat traits were analyzed: grain yield, 1000-kernel weight, test weight and plant height. The experiment was performed on extremely acidic pseudogley soil. The obtained results show a high effect of the years on grain yield and certain parameters of its quality. On average, the highest yield of oats 2 .879 t ha-1 was obtained in the variety Vranac. The results of these studies indicate a significant impact of the growing season on grain yield and quality of oats, grown on poor soils of the pseudogley type, which is often present in Western Serbia. Grain yield shows a tendency to increase in years with a higher total amount and better distribution of precipitation during the critical stages of oat plant development.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Milivojević, J. Srdić, M. Filipović, T. Petrović, Dragana Brankovic-Radojcic, K. Marković, J. Bocanski
Information regarding the adaptation of maize (Zea mays L .) inbred lines to various field conditions and seed longevity is essential for seed companies. The objective of this work was to evaluate different vigour tests for detecting differences among naturally aged seeds and to assess the relationship between seed quality parameters and pedigree data of maize inbred lines. A seed of 15 maize inbred lines, selected at Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, belonging to different heterotic groups was produced during 2011. Seed quality was assessed in 2015 by standard germination , radical emergence, accelerated ageing, and cold test. Root length of 4-day old seedlings was measured in all applied tests. Analysis of variance showed that genotype and storage conditions had a significant effect on all seed quality parameters. Large variation among inbred lines was detected in seed vigour determined by three tests, in particular by the accelerated ageing test. Cold test results showed very good chilling tolerance of tested genotypes, except two inbred lines with Lancaster background. The correlation between the cold test and the accelerated ageing test was significant, while the radical emergence test had a poor correlation with them. Obtained results indicate that the application of either cold test or accelerated ageing test is reliable for screening seed vigour of maize inbred lines.
关于玉米(Zea mays L .)自交系对各种田间条件的适应性和种子寿命的信息对种子公司至关重要。本研究的目的是评价不同活力试验在检测自然老化种子差异方面的作用，并评估玉米自交系种子质量参数与系谱数据之间的关系。2011年，由Zemun Polje玉米研究所选育的15个玉米自交系的种子，属于不同的杂种优势群体。2015年通过标准发芽、根茎出芽、加速老化和冷态试验对种子质量进行了评价。所有施用试验均测量4日龄幼苗的根长。方差分析表明，基因型和贮藏条件对种子品质参数均有显著影响。通过三个试验，特别是加速老化试验，在自交系中发现了很大的种子活力差异。冷性试验结果表明，除兰开斯特自交系外，其余基因型均具有较好的耐冷性。冷试验与加速老化试验的相关性显著，而根尖涌现试验与它们的相关性较差。结果表明，低温试验和加速老化试验都是筛选玉米自交系种子活力的可靠方法。
{"title":"Application of standard germination and vigour tests for seed quality assessment of maize inbred lines","authors":"M. Milivojević, J. Srdić, M. Filipović, T. Petrović, Dragana Brankovic-Radojcic, K. Marković, J. Bocanski","doi":"10.5937/selsem2102035m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2102035m","url":null,"abstract":"Information regarding the adaptation of maize (Zea mays L .) inbred lines to various field conditions and seed longevity is essential for seed companies. The objective of this work was to evaluate different vigour tests for detecting differences among naturally aged seeds and to assess the relationship between seed quality parameters and pedigree data of maize inbred lines. A seed of 15 maize inbred lines, selected at Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, belonging to different heterotic groups was produced during 2011. Seed quality was assessed in 2015 by standard germination , radical emergence, accelerated ageing, and cold test. Root length of 4-day old seedlings was measured in all applied tests. Analysis of variance showed that genotype and storage conditions had a significant effect on all seed quality parameters. Large variation among inbred lines was detected in seed vigour determined by three tests, in particular by the accelerated ageing test. Cold test results showed very good chilling tolerance of tested genotypes, except two inbred lines with Lancaster background. The correlation between the cold test and the accelerated ageing test was significant, while the radical emergence test had a poor correlation with them. Obtained results indicate that the application of either cold test or accelerated ageing test is reliable for screening seed vigour of maize inbred lines.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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