Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.060
C. Aldana, Y. Saavedra, Jhony Gonzales, David Gálvez, Claudia Palacios, William Aldana, W. Moncada
{"title":"Spatial-temporal agricultural production of Citrus x limonand Mangifera indica, using spectral signatures and satellite images","authors":"C. Aldana, Y. Saavedra, Jhony Gonzales, David Gálvez, Claudia Palacios, William Aldana, W. Moncada","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.060","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42419307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.066
H. Arteaga, Noemí León-Roque, Jimy Oblitas
The objective of this review is to report on the progress made so far in the development of THz spectroscopy technology with application in the food industry, as well as, to evaluate the range of frequencies used by this technology in relation to the water content of food, to find patterns in which the physicochemical characterization of food samples is most effective. From the literature reviewed, it has been found that THz spectroscopy is still in constant development, both in the physical part of the equipment and in the data processing techniques. Despite these advances, the frequency ranges in which the identification of compounds are influenced by the interference of the water composition of food have not been clearly identified, even molecular behavior of water in the frequency ranges corresponding to the spectral band of THz is still little known. When performing a meta-analysis of the data specifying the frequency ranges in relation to the water content of food samples, reported in the literature, two intervals have been identified, where the action of THz waves have a better response in terms of the quantification of water, as well as of other compounds, which are mainly evidenced in lower water content, explained by the mechanisms of water relaxation in response to the interaction of THz waves. This result suggests that the influence of water content on the quantification of compounds should be considered, as it may be under or overestimated.
{"title":"The frequency range in THz spectroscopy and its relationship to the water content in food: A first approach","authors":"H. Arteaga, Noemí León-Roque, Jimy Oblitas","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.066","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this review is to report on the progress made so far in the development of THz spectroscopy technology with application in the food industry, as well as, to evaluate the range of frequencies used by this technology in relation to the water content of food, to find patterns in which the physicochemical characterization of food samples is most effective. From the literature reviewed, it has been found that THz spectroscopy is still in constant development, both in the physical part of the equipment and in the data processing techniques. Despite these advances, the frequency ranges in which the identification of compounds are influenced by the interference of the water composition of food have not been clearly identified, even molecular behavior of water in the frequency ranges corresponding to the spectral band of THz is still little known. When performing a meta-analysis of the data specifying the frequency ranges in relation to the water content of food samples, reported in the literature, two intervals have been identified, where the action of THz waves have a better response in terms of the quantification of water, as well as of other compounds, which are mainly evidenced in lower water content, explained by the mechanisms of water relaxation in response to the interaction of THz waves. This result suggests that the influence of water content on the quantification of compounds should be considered, as it may be under or overestimated.","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48500438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.065
L. García, Fabio Angulo Castro, Ángel David Hernández-Amasifuen, M. Corazon-Guivin, Javier Alburquerque Vásquez, J. C. Guerrero-Abad, Erick Arellanos, J. Veneros, Nilton B. Rojas B., Segundo Chavez Quintana, M. Oliva
The maximum cadmium tolerance standards were established by the European Union in 2014, for the importation of cocoa-based products, causing concern in the countries. Global studies on Theobroma cacao research related to cadmium activity in the atmosphere were analyzed. Bibliometric analyses in R and VOSviewer programs were used to examine 64 documents published in the Scopus database according to keywords. We identified 811 keywords in the co-occurrence of terms, 5 thematic groups in the bibliographic coupling, 20 institutions as most important affiliations, 20 countries of origin of corresponding authors, 112 institutions in co-authorship network of which 5 are in primary documents, and two groups in thematic similarity in co-citation of documents. The United States leads the scientific production with 11 papers, followed by Colombia (8) and Ecuador (7). In 1996, the first scientific article was registered for the network, with increases of up to 11 publications by 2020. In conclusion, the need to strengthen and create more research networks between countries, institutions, authors, and co-authors is evident. It is hoped that the results will allow a comprehensive unraveling of the cadmium-cocoa research trajectory, while at the same time yielding new prospective research.
{"title":"Global studies of cadmium in relation to Theobroma cacao: A bibliometric analysis from Scopus (1996 -2020)","authors":"L. García, Fabio Angulo Castro, Ángel David Hernández-Amasifuen, M. Corazon-Guivin, Javier Alburquerque Vásquez, J. C. Guerrero-Abad, Erick Arellanos, J. Veneros, Nilton B. Rojas B., Segundo Chavez Quintana, M. Oliva","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.065","url":null,"abstract":"The maximum cadmium tolerance standards were established by the European Union in 2014, for the importation of cocoa-based products, causing concern in the countries. Global studies on Theobroma cacao research related to cadmium activity in the atmosphere were analyzed. Bibliometric analyses in R and VOSviewer programs were used to examine 64 documents published in the Scopus database according to keywords. We identified 811 keywords in the co-occurrence of terms, 5 thematic groups in the bibliographic coupling, 20 institutions as most important affiliations, 20 countries of origin of corresponding authors, 112 institutions in co-authorship network of which 5 are in primary documents, and two groups in thematic similarity in co-citation of documents. The United States leads the scientific production with 11 papers, followed by Colombia (8) and Ecuador (7). In 1996, the first scientific article was registered for the network, with increases of up to 11 publications by 2020. In conclusion, the need to strengthen and create more research networks between countries, institutions, authors, and co-authors is evident. It is hoped that the results will allow a comprehensive unraveling of the cadmium-cocoa research trajectory, while at the same time yielding new prospective research.","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42437442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.056
Karla Andrea Peña Yacila, Erick Antonio Suarez-Peña, Carlos Alberto Torres Pera, Luis Alberto Bermejo Requena, Luis Xavier Llacsa Sánchez, Iris Zárate Rodríguez, O. Paredes-Vilca, José Yasser Dávila García
{"title":"Genetic diversity and phylogeny of the genus Cinchona in Cutervo National Park, Peru","authors":"Karla Andrea Peña Yacila, Erick Antonio Suarez-Peña, Carlos Alberto Torres Pera, Luis Alberto Bermejo Requena, Luis Xavier Llacsa Sánchez, Iris Zárate Rodríguez, O. Paredes-Vilca, José Yasser Dávila García","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.056","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45633917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.062
Jorge Manuel Revilla-Chávez, Edinson Eduardo López-Galán, Wilson Francisco Guerra-Arévalo, Diego Gonzalo García-Soria, Krystel Clarissa Rojas-Mego, Gilberto Domínguez-Torrejón, Carlos Abanto-Rodríguez
{"title":"Allometric model of biomass of white bolaina (Guazuma crinitaMart.) trees in forest plantations of Ucayali, Peru","authors":"Jorge Manuel Revilla-Chávez, Edinson Eduardo López-Galán, Wilson Francisco Guerra-Arévalo, Diego Gonzalo García-Soria, Krystel Clarissa Rojas-Mego, Gilberto Domínguez-Torrejón, Carlos Abanto-Rodríguez","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.062","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47380573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-08DOI: 10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.053
Diana Marcela Valencia E, Luis Alfonso Giraldo, A. Marín, Yury Tatiana Granja Salcedo, T. Berchielli
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different amounts of crude glycerol (CGL) on dry matter intake, milk yield, milk protein yield, and milk fatty acid profile of dairy cows grazing on a Kikuyu-based pasture. Six Holstein cows were used in the first third of lactation (mean ± SD 559 ± 22.5 kg body weight, 43 ± 10 days in milk, and 26.8 ± 1.2 kg milk/day) and were randomized within a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square arrangement. Animals grazed the Kikuyu grass and were supplemented with a commercial energy-protein concentrate at 1.0 kg/4.0 kg of milk. The experimental period was 69 days. The following treatments were administered: CGL0 (control, without glycerol), CGL1 (750 g/cow/day), and CGL2 (1,500 g/cow/day). The addition of 750 and 1,500 g of CGL did not affect grass and concentrate intake (P > 0.05). However, milk yield (FCM 3.5%) increased by 14.2% in the CGL2 group compared to that obtained in the control group (CGL0) (P = 0.02). The addition of 1,500 g of CGL to the diet resulted in a 2.1% greater yield of milk protein compared to that obtained with CGL0 treatment (P = 0.01). Further, the addition of 1,500 g of CGL did not impact grass intake, milk fat concentration, or fatty acid composition (P < 0.05). Thus, the inclusion of CGL as a co-product may be a nutritional strategy to increase the productivity of dairy production systems in tropical perennials, such as Kikuyu grass.
本研究旨在研究不同剂量的粗甘油(CGL)对基库尤牧场放牧奶牛干物质采食量、产奶量、乳蛋白产量和乳脂肪酸谱的影响。选取6头荷斯坦奶牛(平均±SD 559±22.5 kg体重，泌乳43±10天，泌乳26.8±1.2 kg /天)，在3 × 3拉丁方重复试验中随机分配。动物以基库尤草为食，并补充1.0 kg/4.0 kg的商业能量蛋白浓缩物。试验期69 d。饲喂CGL0(对照，不含甘油)、CGL1 (750 g/头/天)和CGL2 (1500 g/头/天)。添加750和1500 g CGL对草料和精料采食量无显著影响(P < 0.05)。与对照组(CGL0)相比，CGL2组产奶量(FCM 3.5%)提高了14.2% (P = 0.02)。饲粮中添加1500 g CGL可使乳蛋白产量比添加CGL0提高2.1% (P = 0.01)。此外，添加1500 g CGL对采食量、乳脂浓度和脂肪酸组成没有影响(P < 0.05)。因此，将CGL作为副产品纳入可能是一种营养策略，以提高热带多年生植物(如基库尤草)乳制品生产系统的生产力。
{"title":"Effects of different amounts of crude glycerol supplementation on dry matter intake, milk yield, and milk quality of lactating dairy cows grazing on a Kikuyu grass pasture","authors":"Diana Marcela Valencia E, Luis Alfonso Giraldo, A. Marín, Yury Tatiana Granja Salcedo, T. Berchielli","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.053","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different amounts of crude glycerol (CGL) on dry matter intake, milk yield, milk protein yield, and milk fatty acid profile of dairy cows grazing on a Kikuyu-based pasture. Six Holstein cows were used in the first third of lactation (mean ± SD 559 ± 22.5 kg body weight, 43 ± 10 days in milk, and 26.8 ± 1.2 kg milk/day) and were randomized within a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square arrangement. Animals grazed the Kikuyu grass and were supplemented with a commercial energy-protein concentrate at 1.0 kg/4.0 kg of milk. The experimental period was 69 days. The following treatments were administered: CGL0 (control, without glycerol), CGL1 (750 g/cow/day), and CGL2 (1,500 g/cow/day). The addition of 750 and 1,500 g of CGL did not affect grass and concentrate intake (P > 0.05). However, milk yield (FCM 3.5%) increased by 14.2% in the CGL2 group compared to that obtained in the control group (CGL0) (P = 0.02). The addition of 1,500 g of CGL to the diet resulted in a 2.1% greater yield of milk protein compared to that obtained with CGL0 treatment (P = 0.01). Further, the addition of 1,500 g of CGL did not impact grass intake, milk fat concentration, or fatty acid composition (P < 0.05). Thus, the inclusion of CGL as a co-product may be a nutritional strategy to increase the productivity of dairy production systems in tropical perennials, such as Kikuyu grass.","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48427910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-08DOI: 10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.054
C. E. Honorio-Javes, Y. Vallenas-Sánchez, J. T. Bazán Pérez
Aviculture is forced to find alternatives to replace antibiotic-type growth promoters to reduce antimicrobial resistance. Among these alternatives we have bacteriophages that are the natural predators of bacteria; however, research point out to their use as therapeutics and not as growth promoters. For this reason, this review article focuses on discussing and projecting the use of lithic bacteriophage cocktails as growth promoters in commercial breeding of broilers, laying hens and quails. Evaluating its effects on production parameters, its application in drinking water and food, phage protection strategies on gastrointestinal pH changes and high pelleting temperatures, strategies against phage-resistance, its effects on the intestinal microbiota, and the use of autophages versus commercial products. It is concluded that the optimal use of bacteriophages in aviculture is through mixed cocktails of protected lithic autophages. Finally, it is recommended to compare the use of mixed lithic autophage cocktails with mixed commercial phage cocktails that exist on the market; Additionally, the combination of mixed cocktails of protected lithic autophages with other alternatives such as probiotics, prebiotics, essential oils and organic acids should be evaluated, and this combination should be compared with the use of growth-promoting antibiotics.
{"title":"Bacteriophage cocktail as a substitute for antibiotic-type growth promoters in poultry","authors":"C. E. Honorio-Javes, Y. Vallenas-Sánchez, J. T. Bazán Pérez","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.054","url":null,"abstract":"Aviculture is forced to find alternatives to replace antibiotic-type growth promoters to reduce antimicrobial resistance. Among these alternatives we have bacteriophages that are the natural predators of bacteria; however, research point out to their use as therapeutics and not as growth promoters. For this reason, this review article focuses on discussing and projecting the use of lithic bacteriophage cocktails as growth promoters in commercial breeding of broilers, laying hens and quails. Evaluating its effects on production parameters, its application in drinking water and food, phage protection strategies on gastrointestinal pH changes and high pelleting temperatures, strategies against phage-resistance, its effects on the intestinal microbiota, and the use of autophages versus commercial products. It is concluded that the optimal use of bacteriophages in aviculture is through mixed cocktails of protected lithic autophages. Finally, it is recommended to compare the use of mixed lithic autophage cocktails with mixed commercial phage cocktails that exist on the market; Additionally, the combination of mixed cocktails of protected lithic autophages with other alternatives such as probiotics, prebiotics, essential oils and organic acids should be evaluated, and this combination should be compared with the use of growth-promoting antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45022970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-08DOI: 10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.051
J. De Souza, S. Fuentes, G. Müller, H. Gamarra, M. Guzmán, W. Cuellar, J. Kreuze
Arracacha is a root crop cultivated in several countries of South America. The commercial product, which is the storage root, has multiple nutritional properties: its fine starch makes it easily digestible, and it contains high levels of calcium and vitamin A. High throughput sequencing (HTS) technology has been applied successfully for virus discovery in different agricultural crops, and it has been proposed to apply it in routine pathogen detection. Using HTS, novel sequences related to crinivirus and vitivirus were identified in apparently symptomeless arracacha, which were assembled into contigs located in different positions of the genome. Based on those sequences’ primers were designed to amplify corresponding sequences from further arracacha accessions and potato plant samples collected from farmers’ fields in Colombia and Peru. It was possible to determine the near complete genomes of these viruses. In addition, s equences related to an enamovirus and ST9-like RNA were also identified in arracacha plants using HTS.
{"title":"High throughput sequencing for the detection and characterization of new virus found in arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza)","authors":"J. De Souza, S. Fuentes, G. Müller, H. Gamarra, M. Guzmán, W. Cuellar, J. Kreuze","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.051","url":null,"abstract":"Arracacha is a root crop cultivated in several countries of South America. The commercial product, which is the storage root, has multiple nutritional properties: its fine starch makes it easily digestible, and it contains high levels of calcium and vitamin A. High throughput sequencing (HTS) technology has been applied successfully for virus discovery in different agricultural crops, and it has been proposed to apply it in routine pathogen detection. Using HTS, novel sequences related to crinivirus and vitivirus were identified in apparently symptomeless arracacha, which were assembled into contigs located in different positions of the genome. Based on those sequences’ primers were designed to amplify corresponding sequences from further arracacha accessions and potato plant samples collected from farmers’ fields in Colombia and Peru. It was possible to determine the near complete genomes of these viruses. In addition, s equences related to an enamovirus and ST9-like RNA were also identified in arracacha plants using HTS.","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43735152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-08DOI: 10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.052
M. Duran, F. Ramos, R. Alvarado, L. Altamirano
As irrigation water decreases, crop transpiration also decreases, resulting in an increase in leaf temperature and an increase of the crop water stress index (CWSI). Therefore, in the study, the response of Capsicum to different irrigation regimes was evaluated with periodic measurements of leaf temperature, stomatal conductance and estimation of the CWSI. The treatments consisted of a complete drip irrigation (RO) and deficit irrigation (RD-78 and RD-58) that received 78% and 58% of the complete irrigation, applying a total volume of water of 3363, 2618 and 1956 m 3 ha -1 for RO, RD-78 and RD-58, respectively; and obtaining maximum yields of 30.2, 13.9 and 12.9 t ha -1 with CWSI of 0.50, 0.62 and 0.54 in C. bacatum , C. annumm and C. chinense , respectively. The highest stomatal conductance values ranged from 724 to 887 mmol s -1 m -2 , with CWSI from 0.1 to 0.3. The CWSI value of 0.3 (soil moisture from 25 to 33%) results in a good indicator of the time of irrigation, and it might be a criterion to be incorporated to save water and improve the management of Capsicum irrigation programs.
随着灌溉水的减少，作物蒸腾也随之减少，导致叶片温度升高，作物水分胁迫指数(CWSI)升高。因此，本研究通过定期测量叶片温度、气孔导度和估算CWSI来评估辣椒对不同灌溉制度的响应。全滴灌(RO)和亏缺灌(RD-78和RD-58)分别占全滴灌量的78%和58%，RO、RD-78和RD-58的总水量分别为3363、2618和1956 m 3 ha -1;百合藤、羊草和羊草的最高产量分别为30.2、13.9和12.9 t / h -1, CWSI分别为0.50、0.62和0.54。气孔导度最高值为724 ~ 887 mmol s -1 m -2, CWSI为0.1 ~ 0.3。CWSI值为0.3(土壤湿度为25% ~ 33%)能较好地反映灌水时间，可作为节水和改进辣椒灌溉方案管理的参考标准。
{"title":"Evaluation of the crop water stress index (CWSI) in chili pepper (Capsicum) under drip irrigation in the arid conditions of the north coast of Peru","authors":"M. Duran, F. Ramos, R. Alvarado, L. Altamirano","doi":"10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.052","url":null,"abstract":"As irrigation water decreases, crop transpiration also decreases, resulting in an increase in leaf temperature and an increase of the crop water stress index (CWSI). Therefore, in the study, the response of Capsicum to different irrigation regimes was evaluated with periodic measurements of leaf temperature, stomatal conductance and estimation of the CWSI. The treatments consisted of a complete drip irrigation (RO) and deficit irrigation (RD-78 and RD-58) that received 78% and 58% of the complete irrigation, applying a total volume of water of 3363, 2618 and 1956 m 3 ha -1 for RO, RD-78 and RD-58, respectively; and obtaining maximum yields of 30.2, 13.9 and 12.9 t ha -1 with CWSI of 0.50, 0.62 and 0.54 in C. bacatum , C. annumm and C. chinense , respectively. The highest stomatal conductance values ranged from 724 to 887 mmol s -1 m -2 , with CWSI from 0.1 to 0.3. The CWSI value of 0.3 (soil moisture from 25 to 33%) results in a good indicator of the time of irrigation, and it might be a criterion to be incorporated to save water and improve the management of Capsicum irrigation programs.","PeriodicalId":21642,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agropecuaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44416695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-08DOI: 10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.055
Argenis de Jesús Montilla-Pacheco, Henry Antonio Pacheco-Gil, Félix Reinaldo Pastrán-Calles, Irene Rosario Rodríguez-Pincay
Some types of unmanned aerial vehicles (UDs) are called drones. These equipment’s of wide versatility have been applied very recently for different tasks, among which is agriculture. From there, this technology is responding to the decline of biopolynizers in different fields around the world. The objective of this work was to analyze the implications of the use of such devices in agricultural practices in the absence of entomophiles pollinators. Methodologically it was developed as a bibliographic review, consulting databases such as Scopus, Science Direct, Google academic and others; filtering by keywords, selecting the works according to the subject of interest and the criteria of the authors. Key information from the selected documents was extracted through the documentary analysis. As a result of this review, experiences related to the application of USNs in crop fertilization were found; the literature consulted also agrees to point out that drones are a viable strategy for such activity and is at the same time a solution to the diminution of entomophiles pollinators in certain regions of the Earth. However, the reference literature, very little reports possible adverse effects, which from an ecological point of view could arise from the use of USRs in agri-food production. It is concluded that further research is needed to understand the ecological consequences that may arise from the use of the equipment.
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