Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Biology. Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"DERMATOGLYPHS OF PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM RHEUMATIC DISEASES OF VARIOUS ETIOLOGIES","authors":"M. Nechaeva, V. Kalaev, E. Gosteva, E. Kalaeva, A. Sotnikov, Yulia Elfimova","doi":"10.37279/2413-1725-2021-7-2-104-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37279/2413-1725-2021-7-2-104-116","url":null,"abstract":"Mutations and genetic diseases, caused by genome disorders, frequently manifest at the phenotypic level and, especially, at the dermatoglyphic level, that makes it possible to use dermatoglyphs as markers of any genetic diseases. Rheumatic diseases is a group of disorders, characterized by systemic conjunctive tissue damage, essentially, connected with immune system pathology. Systemic progressive disorganization of conjunctive tissue is morphological base for the whole group of rheumatic diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis are multifactorial and difficult-to-diagnose in the early stages diseases, that indicates the need to identify markers, that allows to detect these diseases as early as possible. A special role in the pathogenesis of these diseases is assigned to the genetic component, while recent studies have highlighted the shares of genetic determination in the disease’s advance are somewhat differ. The goal of this research was to identify the features of dermatoglyphic patterns of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Finger dermatoglyphic drawings of patients suffering from ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and representatives of the general population sample were studied. Statistical data processing was performed using non-parametric Van der Waerden test. To establish predictors of these diseases, ROC analysis was used. In persones suffering from ankylosing spondylitis there were found more differences in finger patterns from the control group, than in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. So, the total ridge count and the intensity index of the patterns on the left arm of patients with ankylosing spondylitis were lower than in the control group. Peoples with ankylosing spondylitis had more predictors of pathology than patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The analysis of the results shows that the absence of radial loops on the right arm and double loops in the examined persons may indicate the probability of developing these diseases. All predictors of rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis were characterized by high sensitivity and low specificity, which makes them convenient markers for preliminary screening studies and the formation of risk groups for the development of these pathologies. However, it is not recommended to use these predictors for establishing a final diagnosis, since their low specificity will cause to a large number of false-positive results among the examined persons. Individuals with ankylosing spondylitis have more differences in fingerprints from the control group and more predictors of pathology than patients with rheumatoid arthritis. It can be assumed that the genetic component plays a more significant role in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis, and the formation of rheumatoid arthritis is more caused by environmental factors. Our study confirms the feasibility of considering dermatoglyphs as an additional genetic marker in clinical me","PeriodicalId":21653,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Biology. Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86401097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MACROZOBENTHOS IN THE EPIPHYTON OF ALGAE CYSTOSEIRA CRINITA DUBY, 1830 NEAR THE COAST OF CRIMEA AND THE CAUCASUS (BLACK SEA)","authors":"M. Makarov, V. Kopiy, L. Bondarenko, T. V. Viter, D. V. Podzorova","doi":"10.37279/2413-1725-2020-6-3-97-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37279/2413-1725-2020-6-3-97-116","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides summarized data of species composition, abundance, biomass, occurrence and trophic structure of invertebrate macrozoobenthos associated with red-book algae Сystoseira crinitа Duby, 1830 in the coastal waters of the Crimea (Cape Tarkhankut, Kruglaia Bay, Simeiz, «Cape Martyan» Reserve, Dvuyakornaya Bay) and the Caucasus (in the area of «Utrish Nature Reserve») in August-September 2012–2017 at the depth of 1, 3 and 5 m. A total of 46 samples were taken (42 quantitative and 4 qualitative). In the area of Utrish, such studies were carried out for the first time. In the algae communities of the Black Sea coast of Crimea and the Caucasus 56 species belonging to the types Annelida, Platyhelminthes, Mollusca and Arthropoda were identified. Ten species are common to all areas. The abundance and biomass near the Caucasus coast were 1432 ind. kg-1 and 9,52 g∙kg-1, near the coast of Crimea these values varied from 2506 to 6085 ind. kg-1 and from 23,9 to 43 g∙kg-1 respectively. Mollusks and crustaceans dominated in values of abundance, mollusks dominated in values of biomass. The highest quantitative indicators were recorded in the waters of Simeiz, the lowest – in the area of the «Utrish» Nature Reserve. Molluscs, in particular, Mytilaster lineatus Gmelin, 1791, make a significant contribution to the formation of macrozoobenthos abundance in the Simeiz area, while in the water area of Utrish the peaks of abundance have been defined due to crustaceans Ericthonius difformis M.-Edwards, 1830 and Ampithoe ramondi Audouin, 1826. Gastropods Rissoa splendida Eichwald, 1830, Bittium reticulatum (da Costa, 1778) and bivalve M. lineatus make the greatest contribution to the biomass of macrozoobenthos both in the waters of Simeiz and in the Utrish Reserve area. The high abundance and biomass of these molluscs allow them to form a macrozoobenthos nucleus in the studied water areas. Comparison of species composition of macrozoobenthos by the Chekanovsky-Sörensen community index showed high fauna similarity in all areas (the coefficient ranged from 0,4 to 0,76), as they are bound by the same biotope. The fauna of the Kruglaya Bay and Cape Tarkhankut are the most similar to each other. The areas in Dvuyakornaya Bay and Cape Martyan are the least similar to each other. The results of the cluster analysis confirm that the most similar areas in terms of presence/absence of species are Kruglaya Bay and Cape Tarkhankut, and also Dvuyakornaya Bay and Utrish area. The functional abundance index determined the communities of gastropod molluscs R. splendida (in the Tarkhankut, Simeiz and Utrish areas), B. reticulatum (in Kruglaya Bay) and bivalve M. lineatus (in Cape Martian and Dvuyakornaya Bay). It has been shown that the R. splendidа communities are more attracted to open coasts. In the R. splendida community from 16 to 25 species have been recorded in different areas, in the M. lineatus community in the water areas of the Cape Martian and Dvuyakornaya Bay (","PeriodicalId":21653,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Biology. Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87762260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF LDF-GRAMS IN WISTAR RUNOFF RATS UNDER HYPOXIA MODELING CONDITIONS","authors":"F. Alistratova, Y. Toropova, S. Osipova, M. Vasyutina","doi":"10.37279/2413-1725-2020-6-3-18-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37279/2413-1725-2020-6-3-18-32","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to assess the dynamics of the change in peripheral blood flow parameters of the blood vessels of the microcirculatory bed of the skin, with an additional analysis of the change in the amplitude of the frequency ranges of cutaneous blood flow, in the conditions of daily interval hypobaric training by laser Doppler flowmetry. The effect of interval hypobaric training course (seven days duration, exposure duration was 60 minutes) on the state of the microcirculatory bed of the skin was investigated to study the peculiarities of the formation and course of adaptive reactions in the vessels of the microcircuit. An analysis of microcirculation indicators using LDF diagnostics was carried out. Hardware – laser analyzer of capillary circulation «LACC-02» manufactured by LLC NPP «Lasma,» Moscow. The main basal blood flow indicators and microcirculation indicators were revealed when exposed to a 7-day course of interval hypobaric training. The statistical values of PM (constant perfusion parameter, units), σ (mean square deviation of amplitude of perfusion fluctuation, units) and Kv (coefficient of variation, %) provided an opportunity to analyze the general state of blood microcirculation. The amplitude-frequency spectrum of perfusion oscillations was also evaluated. With the help of a wavelet analysis (program 2.2.0.507, NPP Lasma, Russia), normalized amplitudes of blood flow fluctuations in frequency ranges were determined (endothelial due to nitric oxide activity (0.0095–0.02 Hz); neurogenic (0.02–0.06 Hz); myogenic (vasomosis) (0.06–0.2 Hz) and passive frequency range (cardiac (0.6–1.6 Hz), respiratory (0.2–0.6 Hz). Measurement of microcirculation parameters was carried out 3 times at the following stages of the experiment: before hypoxic exposure – point 0 (8 minutes), on the 1st day immediately after hypoxia exposure (8 minutes), and on the 7th day immediately after hypoxia session (8 minutes). The measurement area was the inner surface of the lower pelvic limb, the LDF sensor was located on the surface of the skin. The recording duration was 360 seconds. The hypoxic effect used in the study was implemented using hardware – an experimental hypobarocamera, in which the necessary conditions were created (negative pressure (–0.306kg/cm2)). The pressure in the chamber was reduced in stages: the first stage – a height of 1000 m with air dilution (–0.1 kg/cm2), duration 180 seconds; second stage – 2000 m rarefaction was (–0.21 kg/cm2) with the same duration; and the last stage is 3000 m high, which corresponds to a vacuum (–0.306 kg/cm2). A seven-day course of hypoxia did not cause significant changes in cutaneous blood flow in animals in group C (control), and in animals in group P (pseudo-hypoxic rats). However, it was found that in rats in group H (hypoxia) there was an increase in the coefficient of variation by 62.5 % (p≤ 0.05) on the 7th day of exposure, this may be due to the launch of adaptation mechanisms, which are neces","PeriodicalId":21653,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Biology. Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79294292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE STRUCTURE OF THE VARIABILITY OF THE HYDROCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WATER IN LAKE-TYPE RESERVOIR","authors":"D. Nokhrin, M. Derkho, L. Mukhamedyarova, A. Zhivetina","doi":"10.37279/2413-1725-2021-7-2-117-133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37279/2413-1725-2021-7-2-117-133","url":null,"abstract":"A qualitative and quantitative analysis of hydrochemical parameters of water is given in order to identify the factors that determine their spatial and temporal changes in a lake-type reservoir. Water samples were taken in 2019 and 2020 from the average level in spring (April), summer (July) and autumn (September) in the first week of the month in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 51592-2000 in three sections. The first target (1) is the shallow upper part (depth from 2 to 4 m); the second target (2) is the central part (depth from 5 to 7 m) and the third target (3) is the near – dam part (depth up to 12.2 m). Statistical analysis of the obtained data was performed using the unlimited Principal component analysis (PCA) technique and the limited redundancy analysis (RDA) technique. The effects were considered statistically significant at P<0.05, and useful for discussion-at P<0.10. It was found that, despite the flood increase in the level of chemical components in the water of the reservoir, most of them meet the requirements for fishing waters, with the exception of iron, copper, manganese, zinc, nickel and lead, which exceed the MPCVR from 1.1 to 45.0 times. The total variability of the hydrochemical composition of water in the reservoir, estimated by the PCA method, depends on the season of the year by 71.4 %. A similar result was obtained by the RDA method in a model with a single regressor. When all factors are taken into account in the RDA model, the variability of the water chemical composition is affected by the season of the year by 74.3 %, the year of research by 11.1 %, and the location of the target by 1.9 %. The primary indicators of water for the proportion of unexplained variability in both the PCA and RDA methods are manganese, bicarbonates, lead and aluminum, and pH.","PeriodicalId":21653,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Biology. Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80242293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHANGES IN HEART RATE AND PERIPHERAL SATURATION IN YOUNG ORIENTEERING ATHLETES WHEN PASSING SPORT DISTANCES OF DIFFERENT DIFFICULTY","authors":"E. Biryukova, N. S. Yarmolyuk, L. E. Abdurashitova, E. С. Tkach, E. Yukalo, E. F. Abdulganieva","doi":"10.37279/2413-1725-2020-6-4-3-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37279/2413-1725-2020-6-4-3-12","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, youth sport, on a par with professional sport, imposes stringent requirements for physical and emotional preparation of athletes [1]. Orienteering is no exception, where in the system of preparation of young athletes an important task is to control the formation of adequate adaptive reactions to intensive muscular activity [2]. Running orienteering is characterized by performing maximum and even excessive physical loads during different time intervals, which is associated with significant mobilization of energy systems of young athletes’ organism – cardiovascular, respiratory, humoral and metabolic, etc. [2, 3]. Due to the fact that for ethical reasons invasive methods (blood lactate control) of functional diagnostics, as well as some stress tests (load testing «to failure») are often not applicable to school-age children, including orienteering athletes, the search for simple noninvasive, applicable in the field methods of functional state control during and after passing sports distances of different complexity in order to monitor adequacy of training process and prognosis is actual. We think that assessment of blood oxygen saturation degree (SpO2 %), which, according to literature data, reflects real efficiency of cardiorespiratory system operation, is one of such methods along with heart rate (HR) recording [4–9]. SpO2 % determination by direct oximetry has been introduced into clinical practice for quite a long time. However, recently it has become possible to monitor blood oxygen saturation out of clinical control due to the development of portable pulse oximeters for indirect transdermal determination of SpO2 %. However, to date in the scientific literature there are virtually no studies of functional changes in the degree of blood saturation, as well as HR, in young orienteering athletes. Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess the changes in heart rate and peripheral saturation in young orienteering athletes when passing sport distances of different difficulty. After athletic distance the HR values in young athletes increased on average by 130–170 % (boys) and 140–150 % (girls) relative to the values recorded at rest in these subjects. The maximum increase in heart rate was recorded in both groups of test athletes after cross sprint distances – by 177.4 % (p<0.05) and 147.05 % (p<0.05)) cross-long – by 251.6 % (p<0.05) and 141.2 % (p<0.05) for boys and girls respectively, indicating the greatest changes in functional state, particularly tension of energy supply mechanisms during these distances. After cross-sprint and cross-long distances the reliable decrease of peripheral blood saturation ≈ on 1,8 % (p<0,05) at boys and ≈ on 2,6 % (p<0,05) at girls has been registered in young orienteering athletes. The data obtained by us testify to the fact that the passage of distances cross-sprint and cross-long caused the greatest change in blood saturation and tension of mechanisms of their energy supply in young orienteering athl","PeriodicalId":21653,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Biology. Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80626156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MORPHOLOGICAL CRITERIA FOR THE DIFFERENTIATION OF AGE STATUS OF PTILOSTEMON ECHINOCEPHALUS (WILLD.) GREUTER (LAMYRA ECHINOCEPHALA (WILLD.) TAMAMSCH.)","authors":"E. Zadneprovskaya, L. P. Vakhrusheva","doi":"10.37279/2413-1725-2021-7-2-58-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37279/2413-1725-2021-7-2-58-68","url":null,"abstract":"Ptilostemon echinocephalus (Willd.) Greuter (Lamyra echinocephala (Willd.) Tamamsch.) is the only species of the genus Ptilostemon from the Asteraceae family that grows on the Crimean Peninsula. The relic area of Ptilostemon echinocephalus distributed by the Crimea, the Caucasus, Asia Minor. The species is included in the Red Book of the Republic of Crimea, Krasnodarskiy and Stavropolskiy Krays of the Russian Federation. The article is the result of a long-term study of morphological criteria of Ptilostemon echinocephalus age status. Thus, the ontogenesis of individuals of the species Ptilostemon echinocephalus includes 12 age states, the total during of ontogenesis lasts 15–18 years. The main characters of the pregenerative period differentiation of development are the number of leaves and the differentiation degree of the leaves lamina. During the study, another important feature was identified to indicate different age stages, the ratio of vegetating and dried leaves. Generative plants were subdivided into: immature generative (g1), adult (mature) generative (g2) and old generative (g3). For the generative stage of development, the ratio of generative and vegetative rosettes, the ratio of dried and vegetative shoots, and the number of baskets were indicative. Differentiation of subsenile and senile age states is conducted according to the same criteria that are used for generative individuals, the main emphasis is on the ratio of dried and vegetative parts.The article also notes the specificity of the course of ontogenesis depending on the ecological-cоenotic conditions in the petrophytic steppes and phrygana communities of the Crimea.","PeriodicalId":21653,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Biology. Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75354678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF SPEECH PERCEPTION AND THEIR PERCULARITIES IN HEALTHY CHILDREN AND CHILDREN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS","authors":"M. Nacharova, A. Mikhailova, Ya. Yu. Govorun, A. A. Portugalskaia, V. Pavlenko","doi":"10.37279/2413-1725-2020-6-3-146-162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37279/2413-1725-2020-6-3-146-162","url":null,"abstract":"Neuronal synchronization, reflected in the EEG pattern, is the mechanism by which the brain integrates different types of information contained in a speech message and presented in different areas of the brain (for example, phonological, spelling, semantic and syntactic information). The process of understanding a sentence consists of two groups of interrelated cognitive operations: it begins with searching in memory for phonological, syntactic and semantic properties of words, which is followed by integrating information into a general idea of the sentence meaning. The stage of searching for words in adults results in an increase in the theta rhythm power. The stage of integrating words into a sentence results in the growth of theta, beta, and gamma rhythms. At the same time, the growth of theta rhythm is more typical for children than for adults. Higher rhythms reactivity during speech perception indicates better developed speech skills in children. Under conditions of relative relaxation, the EEG of children with a high level of speech development is characterized by a moderate power level of theta and beta rhythms and a high level of alpha and mu rhythms. It is assumed that a key role in the process of understanding speech is played by the so-called «action perception circuits», surrounding the Sylvian sulcus of the left hemisphere. The «action perception circuits» are composed of nerve cells capable of providing the speech signals perception and generation. The most important subgroup of neurons included in the «action perception circuits» are mirror neurons that are activated when performing and observing actions. The desynchronization of the EEG mu rhythm is considered as mirror neurons activation marker. In several studies, it revealed that the level of mirror neurons activation and the level of speech understanding in children are connected. It is a topic of great interest to research the mu rhythm alpha and beta components reactivity both during the production of speech and during the perception of another person speech. At present, it is becoming obvious that analyzing the EEG rhythms power changes during the speech understanding in different scenarios could be used to identify the mechanisms of the brain language network and speech disorders. The revealed patterns make it possible to propose ways of correcting the children speech development using EEG biological feedback methods.","PeriodicalId":21653,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Biology. Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88980743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE RISK OF DEVELOPING CORONARY HEART DISEASE BASED ON TOTAL CHOLESTEROL IN BLOOD SERUM IN INDIVIDUALS OF DIFFERENT AGE AND GENDER GROUPS","authors":"S. Bernikova, E. Zakharova","doi":"10.37279/2413-1725-2020-6-3-46-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37279/2413-1725-2020-6-3-46-55","url":null,"abstract":"The determination and comparison of the level of total cholesterol in the blood in 240 relatively healthy men and women of different ages was carried out, and on its basis the likelihood of developing coronary heart disease in residents of the Shchuchansky district of the Kurgan region was estimated. There were revealed significant differences in the level of total cholesterol in the blood of men and women in the group under 20 years old and in the group of 21–30 years old. No significant gender differences were found in subsequent age groups. There was a significant increase in total cholesterol during life in both gender groups: in men, the indicator significantly increased from adolescence to old age by 58.3 %, in women – by 40.2 %. A population assessment of the risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD) was carried out. In both gender groups, during life, we noted a gradual increase towards old age in the proportion of people who have a high probability of developing coronary artery disease, and a decrease in the proportion of people with a low probability, which is due to both internal risk factors (arterial hypertension, hormonal changes, slowing down of metabolism), and external (decreased physical activity, unbalanced diet, smoking, etc.). In 100 % of men and women under 20 years of age, the risk of developing coronary artery disease is low. The emergence of moderate risk in both gender groups was noted in the third decade of life, high – in the fourth. In old age, 30 % of men and 40 % of women with a high risk of developing coronary artery disease were identified, which is the highest indicator in comparison with all other age groups. Among women, a lower percentage of persons with moderate risk at the age of 21–30 years old and with a high risk in the group of 31–40 years old was found compared to men, which is probably associated with the protective effect of estrogens during the reproductive period of women. In the group of elderly people with a moderate risk of developing coronary artery disease, moderate hypercholesterolemia was recorded (the level of total cholesterol in the blood in the male population was 5.74±0.23 mmol / L, in the female population – 5.71±0.23 mmol / L) and in the group of persons with a high risk of developing coronary artery disease, high hypercholesterolemia was noted in men and women (8.24±0.37 mmol / L and 8.10±0.28 mmol / L, respectively). In persons with a moderate risk of developing coronary artery disease, the average total cholesterol content is 40.4 % significantly higher than in persons with a low level of risk, and in persons with a high risk – 42.6 % significantly higher than in the group of persons with a moderate risk. Thus, the results of the study showed the importance of conducting diagnostic examinations for the purpose of early diagnosis of diseases caused by an increased content of total cholesterol in the blood, as well as compiling reference levels of biochemical parameters for non-","PeriodicalId":21653,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Biology. Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87135141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"METHODOLOGY OF MULTI-FACTOR ANALYSIS IN SOLVING RESERVOMETRY PROBLEMS IN THE SPORT OF THE HIGHEST ACHIEVEMENTS","authors":"А. А. Khadartsev, E. Minina, А. .. Lastovetskij, V. A. Khromushin","doi":"10.37279/2413-1725-2021-7-2-179-190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37279/2413-1725-2021-7-2-179-190","url":null,"abstract":"Sports of the highest achievements requires the fullest possible use of the psychophysical capabilities of an athlete, which requires a fundamentally different approach, compared to mass sports, in the preparation of athletes using modern scientific methods for diagnosing the functional state of the body (FSB). Conducting scientific research with the required quality needs the use of multivariate analysis of the obtained primary data characterizing the FSB. Analysis by individual factors or analysis of only the final result does not allow to identify weaknesses and assess the reserves of the athlete’s body. The indicated requirements for multivariate analysis are satisfied by the Algebraic Model of Constructive Logic Algorithm (AMCLA), which is used in healthcare. AMCLA as an analytical tool allows performing complex analytical calculations and building expert systems on its basis. The AMCLA is based on the logic of predicates, which fundamentally distinguishes this mathematical apparatus from neural networks. The use of AMCLA cannot be considered as an alternative to the use of others methods of multivariate analysis. The best is the result of the analysis, confirmed by fundamentally different methods. Comparative analytical calculations with neural network algorithms have shown coincidence in the fundamental components of the result. Nevertheless, AMCLA can also identify the most characteristic differences, evaluate restrictions in the choice of treatment and the correct choice of factors, which is important in analytical studies in biomedical research. To participate in the study, 182 qualified male athletes aged 19–22 years (20.5±1.5) were selected, with different levels of functional reserves. They were engaged in sports with a high dynamic and static component (football, basketball, volleyball, boxing, swimming, athletics), according to the classification by Mitchell JH and co-authors, who are at the stage of improving their sportsmanship. The dysfunctional orientation of regulatory mechanisms in qualified athletes in groups with rhythm disturbances and impaired repolarization processes against the background of a decrease in physical performance and stress of adaptation mechanisms was reliably classified by phasographic speed indicators of the heart electrical activity, which was determined using AMCLA. Innovation indicators averaged phase of the cardiac cycle suggests a lack of verified earlier values that characterize the different states. In this case, AMCLA made it possible to identify the most significant indicators of the phase averaged cardiac cycle to characterize various states and differentiate the ranges of their values. Multivariate analysis of the functional state indicators of the athlete’s body with the use of AMCLA can be a methodology for solving the problems of reserve measurement in the highest achievements sports.","PeriodicalId":21653,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Biology. Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74249505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"POSSIBLE ANTI-DEPRESSANT EFFECT OF THE SELECTIVE COX-2 INHIBITOR MELOXICAM, ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE DOPAMINERGIC BRAIN SYSTEM","authors":"A. Chajka, D. Khusainov, K. N. Tumanyants","doi":"10.37279/2413-1725-2021-7-1-229-242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37279/2413-1725-2021-7-1-229-242","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammation is now believed to play an important role in the development of depression, and it is suggested that inflammation may be a promising target for the treatment and prevention of mood disorders. It is not surprising that various non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), are being tested for their antidepressant properties. At the same time, it is known that inhibition of COX-2 has a certain effect on the dopaminergic (DA) system. However, in the literature, there are also opposite opinions on this matter, for example, that the neuroprotective effect of NSAIDs is associated not with COX-2, but with the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and inhibition of COX-2 does not have a neuroprotective effect, and even negatively affects the central nervous system up to until the pathophysiology of depression aggravates. Therefore, the question of the antidepressant properties of COX-2 inhibitors remains open for further research. In addition, because of the dynamic nature of depression, it is important to ascertain whether NSAIDs may be prophylactic in the early stages of depression. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the presence or absence of antidepressant potential in the selective COX-2 inhibitor meloxicam (21 days, 1 mg/kg), its possible relationship with the DA system, by tracing these effects over time. The combined use of meloxicam and haloperidol (24 days, 2.5 mg kg) in the first 7 days of the experiment did not significantly affect the level of immobility of rats in the «Forced swim test», but on days 8, 12–19, and 21 of the experiment, the level of immobility in this the group was significantly higher than in the haloperidol group. The administration of meloxicam also failed to reverse the negative effects of stress: on days 1–5, 7–12 and 15–19, there were no differences between the groups in the level of immobility, and on days 6, 13–14 and 20-21, meloxicam even increased immobility by compared with the stress group. Another evidence in favor of the depressant effect of meloxicam is the fact that it increases the level of immobility in intact rats, while the MAO inhibitor selegiline (24 days, 3 mg/kg), on the contrary, does not affect the level of immobility – the data are indistinguishable from control. Meloxicam also failed to increase locomotor activity in rats in the «Actimeter», suppressed by the combined use of haloperidol and stress. The positive effect of meloxicam was manifested only in the improvement of the task performance on the Rotarod against the background of D2-receptor blockade. Inhibition of COX-2 by meloxicam did not have the expected antidepressant effect in the «Forced swim test» and «Actimeter», but, on the contrary, led to a worsens emotional state of the animals. At the behavioral level, we were unable to obtain convincing evidence of a direct connection between the effects of meloxicam and the functioning of the DA system, although it","PeriodicalId":21653,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Biology. Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76752269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}