Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.1.09
Kantima Thongsri, Kanokwan Teingtham, J. Duangpatra, Jutamas Romkaew
Gibberellin (GA3) and brassinosteroid (EBL) interactions can stimulate germination, extend seedling growth and induce low temperature stress tolerance. The effects of GA3 and EBL on seed quality, α-amylase and total dehydrogenase activities of soya bean seeds at different vigour and temperature levels were studied. The results showed that medium vigour seeds dressed with 100 ppm GA3, 0.25 ppm EBL plus 50 ppm GA3, and 0.50 ppm EBL plus 100 ppm GA3 had significantly higher germination (GP) and seedling vigour rates (SVR) than those of untreated seeds. Similarly, 0.50 ppm EBL resulted in higher SVR of low and medium vigour seeds when compared to the control under low temperature. All soya bean seeds dressed with 100 ppm GA3 had higher GP, vigour, shoot and root lengths, and SVR under both temperatures than those of the untreated seeds, and mean germination time decreased. At 15°C, all seeds dressed with 0.50 ppm EBL plus 100 ppm GA3 had higher α-amylase activity than the untreated seeds, whereas seeds with low and medium seed vigour dressed with 100 ppm GA3 and 0.25 ppm EBL plus 50 ppm GA3 had higher total dehydrogenase activity than the untreated seeds.
{"title":"Effect of seed dressing with gibberellins and brassinosteroids on enzymatic activity and seed quality of soya bean at different vigour levels under low temperature","authors":"Kantima Thongsri, Kanokwan Teingtham, J. Duangpatra, Jutamas Romkaew","doi":"10.15258/sst.2023.51.1.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2023.51.1.09","url":null,"abstract":"Gibberellin (GA3) and brassinosteroid (EBL) interactions can stimulate germination, extend seedling growth and induce low temperature stress tolerance. The effects of GA3 and EBL on seed quality, α-amylase and total dehydrogenase activities of soya bean seeds at different vigour and temperature levels were studied. The results showed that medium vigour seeds dressed with 100 ppm GA3, 0.25 ppm EBL plus 50 ppm GA3, and 0.50 ppm EBL plus 100 ppm GA3 had significantly higher germination (GP) and seedling vigour rates (SVR) than those of untreated seeds. Similarly, 0.50 ppm EBL resulted in higher SVR of low and medium vigour seeds when compared to the control under low temperature. All soya bean seeds dressed with 100 ppm GA3 had higher GP, vigour, shoot and root lengths, and SVR under both temperatures than those of the untreated seeds, and mean germination time decreased. At 15°C, all seeds dressed with 0.50 ppm EBL plus 100 ppm GA3 had higher α-amylase activity than the untreated seeds, whereas seeds with low and medium seed vigour dressed with 100 ppm GA3 and 0.25 ppm EBL plus 50 ppm GA3 had higher total dehydrogenase activity than the untreated seeds.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67091597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.02
Deli Peng, B. Geng, Ying Qin, Li-Er Yang, J. Baskin, C. Baskin
We investigated seed dormancy and germination characteristics of two endangered medicinal species, Rhodiola crenulata and R. fastigiata, from the high altitude (alpine) Hengduan Mountains in China. Germination of fresh seeds was tested in light and dark at six constant (1, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25°C) and three alternating (5/1, 15/5 and 25/15°C) temperatures and again, after six months of dry after-ripening (DAR) and cold-wet stratification (CS). Fresh seeds of R. crenulata germinated to ≥ 80% at 10, 15, 25/15 and 15/5°C in light, but germination was significantly lower at 1, 5, 20 and 25°C. Germination of fresh seeds in dark was 0 to 25% across the range of temperatures. DAR and CS for six months increased germination and/or decreased mean germination time in both light and dark. Fresh seeds of R. fastigiata germinated to > 95% in both light and dark, except at 1°C in light and 1, 5, and 5/1°C in dark, where germination was < 50%. DAR and CS for six months increased germination and/or decreased mean germination time. Seeds of the two Rhodiola species have (conditional) non-deep physiological dormancy. Germination responses to temperature and light prevent seeds from germinating in the autumn of dispersal, but allow them to germinate quickly after snow melt the next spring. This study provides a method for obtaining plants from seeds of the two Rhodiola species for medicinal uses, which could reduce the harvesting pressure placed on natural populations.
{"title":"Non-deep physiological dormancy in seeds of two endangered medicinal alpine species of Rhodiola from the Hengduan Mountains of southwest China","authors":"Deli Peng, B. Geng, Ying Qin, Li-Er Yang, J. Baskin, C. Baskin","doi":"10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.02","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated seed dormancy and germination characteristics of two endangered medicinal species, Rhodiola crenulata and R. fastigiata, from the high altitude (alpine) Hengduan Mountains in China. Germination of fresh seeds was tested in light and dark at six constant (1, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25°C) and three alternating (5/1, 15/5 and 25/15°C) temperatures and again, after six months of dry after-ripening (DAR) and cold-wet stratification (CS). Fresh seeds of R. crenulata germinated to ≥ 80% at 10, 15, 25/15 and 15/5°C in light, but germination was significantly lower at 1, 5, 20 and 25°C. Germination of fresh seeds in dark was 0 to 25% across the range of temperatures. DAR and CS for six months increased germination and/or decreased mean germination time in both light and dark. Fresh seeds of R. fastigiata germinated to > 95% in both light and dark, except at 1°C in light and 1, 5, and 5/1°C in dark, where germination was < 50%. DAR and CS for six months increased germination and/or decreased mean germination time. Seeds of the two Rhodiola species have (conditional) non-deep physiological dormancy. Germination responses to temperature and light prevent seeds from germinating in the autumn of dispersal, but allow them to germinate quickly after snow melt the next spring. This study provides a method for obtaining plants from seeds of the two Rhodiola species for medicinal uses, which could reduce the harvesting pressure placed on natural populations.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67092117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.09
Yangyang Zhao, Xiangping Zhou, Risheng Hu, Shuguang Peng, Qinzhi Xiao, W. Li, Hao Ma
Early spring low temperature hazards are a common problem in southern China’s tobacco production areas, leading to slow germination of tobacco seeds. In the present study, spermine (Spm), salicylic acid (SA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were used to prime seeds of different tobacco cultivars. After priming, their germination indices were evaluated in an optimal temperature (25°C) germination test and a low temperature (12°C) germination test. In the optimal temperature germination experiment, priming with any of Spm, SA and PEG could improve the germination index (GI) and reduce the mean germination time (MGT) of ‘Xiangyang No. 7’ seeds. Moreover, priming with Spm or PEG enhanced the vigour indices (VI) at most priming concentrations and durations, while SA priming with 0.5 mmol L-1 for 24 hours improved the germination potential (GE) and SA priming with 0.5 and 0.6 mmol L-1 for 48 hours improved germination potential (GP). For the low temperature germination experiment, Spm or PEG priming treatment based on the optimal temperature germination experiment markedly improved GI and VI, which was confirmed by the enhancement of antioxidative enzyme activities, while the selected SA priming treatments significantly enhanced GI except for at 0.6 mmol L-1 for 12 hours. Our results indicated that Spm, SA and PEG could be used for enhancing chilling tolerance of tobacco seeds and improving seed germination.
{"title":"Comparison of the effects of three priming agents in enhancing the chilling tolerance of tobacco seeds during germination","authors":"Yangyang Zhao, Xiangping Zhou, Risheng Hu, Shuguang Peng, Qinzhi Xiao, W. Li, Hao Ma","doi":"10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.09","url":null,"abstract":"Early spring low temperature hazards are a common problem in southern China’s tobacco production areas, leading to slow germination of tobacco seeds. In the present study, spermine (Spm), salicylic acid (SA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were used to prime seeds of different tobacco cultivars. After priming, their germination indices were evaluated in an optimal temperature (25°C) germination test and a low temperature (12°C) germination test. In the optimal temperature germination experiment, priming with any of Spm, SA and PEG could improve the germination index (GI) and reduce the mean germination time (MGT) of ‘Xiangyang No. 7’ seeds. Moreover, priming with Spm or PEG enhanced the vigour indices (VI) at most priming concentrations and durations, while SA priming with 0.5 mmol L-1 for 24 hours improved the germination potential (GE) and SA priming with 0.5 and 0.6 mmol L-1 for 48 hours improved germination potential (GP). For the low temperature germination experiment, Spm or PEG priming treatment based on the optimal temperature germination experiment markedly improved GI and VI, which was confirmed by the enhancement of antioxidative enzyme activities, while the selected SA priming treatments significantly enhanced GI except for at 0.6 mmol L-1 for 12 hours. Our results indicated that Spm, SA and PEG could be used for enhancing chilling tolerance of tobacco seeds and improving seed germination.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67092390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.12
B. Hamman
Seed-enhancement treatments as a theme run through many of the papers in the second issue of volume 51 of Seed Science and Technology: the uses of priming are explored in two papers, one of which compares agents with the potential to improve chilling tolerance of tobacco seed during germination, and the other suggests Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as forms of biocontrol against Bacterial Fruit Blotch when priming melon seeds. Dormancy-breaking is essential for many species, and two papers proffer suggestions that can be applied to seeds of cucumber (dry heat) and to kala zeera (chilling, phytohormones). A lesser-utilised seed enhancement, that of plasma pre-treatments, is explored in terms of promoting seedling growth and development when applied to seeds of a popular horticultural species, Platycodon grandiflorus. Cautionary notes when following approved seed testing methods are sounded in a finding that the impact of variety complicates the interpretation of results when using the radicle emergence test to evaluate seed quality of wheat, and in a report of the results of a capacity-building exercise, where the correlation between skill levels and successful propagation of Melia volkensii seeds was evident. Useful SSR markers for assessing genetic similarity and degree of purity of wheat cultivars grown in Romania are suggested, as too is an approach to using germination and/or viability data in order to allow seed banks to make data-informed management decisions that would ensure time and resources are effectively allocated. An invited review gives a thorough and comprehensive review of all matters relating to the determination and control of seed moisture, and includes discussions on water activity and working with seed that needs to be at high moisture contents. A book review of “Plant Regeneration from Seeds: A Global Warming Perspective” strikes a positive note, concluding that it will leave readers with “a deep appreciation for the complex interplay of factors that influence plant regeneration and the potential consequences for ecosystems around the world”.
{"title":"Editorial: Seed Science and Technology. Volume 51 Issue 2 (2023)","authors":"B. Hamman","doi":"10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"Seed-enhancement treatments as a theme run through many of the papers in the second issue of volume 51 of Seed Science and Technology: the uses of priming are explored in two papers, one of which compares agents with the potential to improve chilling tolerance of tobacco seed during germination, and the other suggests Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as forms of biocontrol against Bacterial Fruit Blotch when priming melon seeds. Dormancy-breaking is essential for many species, and two papers proffer suggestions that can be applied to seeds of cucumber (dry heat) and to kala zeera (chilling, phytohormones). A lesser-utilised seed enhancement, that of plasma pre-treatments, is explored in terms of promoting seedling growth and development when applied to seeds of a popular horticultural species, Platycodon grandiflorus. Cautionary notes when following approved seed testing methods are sounded in a finding that the impact of variety complicates the interpretation of results when using the radicle emergence test to evaluate seed quality of wheat, and in a report of the results of a capacity-building exercise, where the correlation between skill levels and successful propagation of Melia volkensii seeds was evident. Useful SSR markers for assessing genetic similarity and degree of purity of wheat cultivars grown in Romania are suggested, as too is an approach to using germination and/or viability data in order to allow seed banks to make data-informed management decisions that would ensure time and resources are effectively allocated. An invited review gives a thorough and comprehensive review of all matters relating to the determination and control of seed moisture, and includes discussions on water activity and working with seed that needs to be at high moisture contents. A book review of “Plant Regeneration from Seeds: A Global Warming Perspective” strikes a positive note, concluding that it will leave readers with “a deep appreciation for the complex interplay of factors that influence plant regeneration and the potential consequences for ecosystems around the world”.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67092049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.14
A.J. Tang, M.H. Tian
Cynanchum forrestii is an over-harvested medicinal plant species in China. At present, wild resources of this species urgently need to be conserved and cultivated to meet the demand of the pharmaceutical industry. However, information on reproduction and propagation is not available. Here, different treatments were assessed to develop an effective protocol for facilitating seed germination of this species. Once seeds were released from physiological dormancy, using 25/15°C with a 12-hour light period promoted germination. Seeds cold stratified at 4°C for 90 days and 120 days germinated to 87 and 91%, respectively, and mean germination time was 11.53 and 10.52 days, respectively. The combination of 60 days cold stratification and 200 mg L -1 GA 3 significantly increased germination from 11% (fresh seeds) to 87%. Among four concentrations used, 200 mg L -1 GA 3 was the most effective for promoting germination of 90-day dry-stored seeds. Taken together, cold stratification for 90 days or more is recommended as a practical measure to break innate dormancy of this species.
林琴是中国一种被过度采伐的药用植物。目前，该物种的野生资源迫切需要保护和培育，以满足制药工业的需求。但是，没有关于繁殖和繁殖的资料。在这里，我们评估了不同的处理，以制定一个有效的方案，以促进该物种的种子发芽。一旦种子从生理休眠中释放出来，使用25/15℃和12小时的光照期促进发芽。4℃冷分层90 d和120 d的种子萌发率分别为87%和91%，平均萌发时间分别为11.53和10.52 d。60 d冷分层和200 mg L -1 ga3的组合使种子萌发率从11%显著提高到87%。在4种处理浓度中，200 mg L -1 ga3对90天干储种子的萌发效果最好。综上所述，建议采用90天或更长时间的冷分层作为打破该物种先天休眠的实用措施。
{"title":"Seed dormancy-break and germination of <i>Cynanchum forrestii</i> (Asclepiadaceae), an endemic medicinal species of southwest China","authors":"A.J. Tang, M.H. Tian","doi":"10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.14","url":null,"abstract":"Cynanchum forrestii is an over-harvested medicinal plant species in China. At present, wild resources of this species urgently need to be conserved and cultivated to meet the demand of the pharmaceutical industry. However, information on reproduction and propagation is not available. Here, different treatments were assessed to develop an effective protocol for facilitating seed germination of this species. Once seeds were released from physiological dormancy, using 25/15&deg;C with a 12-hour light period promoted germination. Seeds cold stratified at 4&deg;C for 90 days and 120 days germinated to 87 and 91%, respectively, and mean germination time was 11.53 and 10.52 days, respectively. The combination of 60 days cold stratification and 200 mg L -1 GA 3 significantly increased germination from 11% (fresh seeds) to 87%. Among four concentrations used, 200 mg L -1 GA 3 was the most effective for promoting germination of 90-day dry-stored seeds. Taken together, cold stratification for 90 days or more is recommended as a practical measure to break innate dormancy of this species.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135058315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.16
Shabnam Rezaei, Julia Buitink, Fiona R. Hay
For conventional seed (gene)banking of orthodox seeds, it is essential to effectively dry the seeds and maintain a low moisture content (MC). Cromarty’s equation describes the MC and relative humidity (RH) relationship of drying seeds, based on their oil content, and can be used to predict the MC seeds would reach when dried to equilibrium in a controlled environment (RH, temperature). However, the equilibrium MC-RH relationship (‘isotherm’) varies not only between seeds of different species and depending on temperature, but also on whether seeds are losing (desorbing) or gaining (adsorbing) moisture. The reliability of Cromarty’s equation in predicting the equilibrium MC for drying different seed species was examined and compared with the Guggenheim-Anderson-De Boer (GAB) equation, to model both desorption and adsorption data. Cromarty’s equation provided a good fit to the desorption data for oilseed rape and barley ( R 2 = 0.98). For yellow mustard, seed MC was overestimated and for lupin, wheat, buckwheat and pea, the MC equilibria predicted by Cromarty’s equation were closer to the adsorption data. Overall, the GAB equation provided a better fit of the data. While Cromarty’s equation is a useful tool for estimating the MC of seeds under a given environment, it should be used with caution in critical situations.
{"title":"Assessment of the performance of Cromarty’s equation to predict seed equilibrium moisture content during drying","authors":"Shabnam Rezaei, Julia Buitink, Fiona R. Hay","doi":"10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.16","url":null,"abstract":"For conventional seed (gene)banking of orthodox seeds, it is essential to effectively dry the seeds and maintain a low moisture content (MC). Cromarty’s equation describes the MC and relative humidity (RH) relationship of drying seeds, based on their oil content, and can be used to predict the MC seeds would reach when dried to equilibrium in a controlled environment (RH, temperature). However, the equilibrium MC-RH relationship (‘isotherm’) varies not only between seeds of different species and depending on temperature, but also on whether seeds are losing (desorbing) or gaining (adsorbing) moisture. The reliability of Cromarty’s equation in predicting the equilibrium MC for drying different seed species was examined and compared with the Guggenheim-Anderson-De Boer (GAB) equation, to model both desorption and adsorption data. Cromarty’s equation provided a good fit to the desorption data for oilseed rape and barley ( R 2 = 0.98). For yellow mustard, seed MC was overestimated and for lupin, wheat, buckwheat and pea, the MC equilibria predicted by Cromarty’s equation were closer to the adsorption data. Overall, the GAB equation provided a better fit of the data. While Cromarty’s equation is a useful tool for estimating the MC of seeds under a given environment, it should be used with caution in critical situations.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135312021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.1.03
Liliana E. García-Valencia, Jocelyn Z. Pérez-García, Elena I. Hernández-Flores, Florencia García-Campusano
Seed banks represent an important strategy for the conservation of forest genetic resources, although a basic understanding of the physiological changes that seeds undergo during storage that affect quality and germination is still lacking for most tropical and subtropical species. Here, we describe the optimisation of an RNA isolation procedure and reference gene normalisation for expression analysis in Cedrela odorata (cedro or Spanish cedar) seeds during different physiological states, as well as in the steady-state stem and leaf. The expression profiles of five endogenous candidate reference genes (18S, EF1α, GAPDH, CDC27B, PP2A2) and an exogenous (HMBS) gene were evaluated by using dedicated algorithms, including Genorm, Normfinder, Bestkeeper and ΔCt. We found that the expression of all endogenous genes varied considerably in response to both ageing and hydration. Therefore, using the external HMBS was a suitable alternative to evaluate gene expression in these highly contrasting physiological conditions. The reference genes EF1α and GAPDH were the most stable, and could be used for normalisation of qRT-PCR results under specific circumstances.
{"title":"High quality RNA isolation and exogenous reference gene for real-time PCR in Cedrela odorata seed physiology studies","authors":"Liliana E. García-Valencia, Jocelyn Z. Pérez-García, Elena I. Hernández-Flores, Florencia García-Campusano","doi":"10.15258/sst.2023.51.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2023.51.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"Seed banks represent an important strategy for the conservation of forest genetic resources, although a basic understanding of the physiological changes that seeds undergo during storage that affect quality and germination is still lacking for most tropical and subtropical species. Here, we describe the optimisation of an RNA isolation procedure and reference gene normalisation for expression analysis in Cedrela odorata (cedro or Spanish cedar) seeds during different physiological states, as well as in the steady-state stem and leaf. The expression profiles of five endogenous candidate reference genes (18S, EF1α, GAPDH, CDC27B, PP2A2) and an exogenous (HMBS) gene were evaluated by using dedicated algorithms, including Genorm, Normfinder, Bestkeeper and ΔCt. We found that the expression of all endogenous genes varied considerably in response to both ageing and hydration. Therefore, using the external HMBS was a suitable alternative to evaluate gene expression in these highly contrasting physiological conditions. The reference genes EF1α and GAPDH were the most stable, and could be used for normalisation of qRT-PCR results under specific circumstances.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67091551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.02
Gemma L. Hoyle, Joshua A. Hodges, B. Clinton, Rhys Tooth, T. Neeman, L. Guja
Without knowledge of seed germination requirements, conservation seed bank collections cannot be utilised, nor their viability monitored over time. When germination is low, deciding whether to invest further seed, time and resources into investigating why can be difficult. We investigated the germinability of 37 grassy ecosystem seed bank collections, including germination response to fire-related cues. Where germination was < 75% we investigated seed viability using the tetrazolium chloride (TZ) staining test. Germination and TZ test results were then compared to determine next steps in collection management. Using 95% confidence intervals of the difference between germination and viability, the 37 collections were assigned to one of seven different data-informed management decisions. This approach provides a detailed decision support framework for conservation collection management, to strengthen current guidelines and ensure that time and resources are effectively allocated. Other seed banks could customise this approach depending on the number of seeds used in testing and what percentage of germination is considered sufficient.
{"title":"Decision support for managing conservation seed bank collections: comparing germination and viability","authors":"Gemma L. Hoyle, Joshua A. Hodges, B. Clinton, Rhys Tooth, T. Neeman, L. Guja","doi":"10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"Without knowledge of seed germination requirements, conservation seed bank collections cannot be utilised, nor their viability monitored over time. When germination is low, deciding whether to invest further seed, time and resources into investigating why can be difficult. We investigated the germinability of 37 grassy ecosystem seed bank collections, including germination response to fire-related cues. Where germination was < 75% we investigated seed viability using the tetrazolium chloride (TZ) staining test. Germination and TZ test results were then compared to determine next steps in collection management. Using 95% confidence intervals of the difference between germination and viability, the 37 collections were assigned to one of seven different data-informed management decisions. This approach provides a detailed decision support framework for conservation collection management, to strengthen current guidelines and ensure that time and resources are effectively allocated. Other seed banks could customise this approach depending on the number of seeds used in testing and what percentage of germination is considered sufficient.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67091814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.07
Pauliina A. M. Summanen, J. Laurila
Thirty seed lots from four spring wheat varieties produced in Finland in 2019 were RE-tested according to ISTA rules, counting the number of seeds with a 2 mm-long radicle after 48 hours in a germination test at 15°C in darkness. There were significant differences among the varieties in RE counts (p < 0.001). There were also differences within varieties in RE counts that could indicate vigour differences between the seed lots. The thousand seed weight (tsw) varied between varieties. However, tsw did not explain differences in RE counts (p = 0.10). The variety effect complicates the interpretation of RE results and our results suggest that RE results should only be used to compare seed lots within the same variety. Varieties should preferably have established RE result baselines. It would not be easy to assess new varieties until the necessary data has been generated.
{"title":"Variety affects radicle emergence test results in wheat","authors":"Pauliina A. M. Summanen, J. Laurila","doi":"10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.07","url":null,"abstract":"Thirty seed lots from four spring wheat varieties produced in Finland in 2019 were RE-tested according to ISTA rules, counting the number of seeds with a 2 mm-long radicle after 48 hours in a germination test at 15°C in darkness. There were significant differences among the varieties in RE counts (p < 0.001). There were also differences within varieties in RE counts that could indicate vigour differences between the seed lots. The thousand seed weight (tsw) varied between varieties. However, tsw did not explain differences in RE counts (p = 0.10). The variety effect complicates the interpretation of RE results and our results suggest that RE results should only be used to compare seed lots within the same variety. Varieties should preferably have established RE result baselines. It would not be easy to assess new varieties until the necessary data has been generated.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67091976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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