Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.1.05
S. Kumar, S. Chakrabarty
A phenol colour response test on the grain is used to identify varieties of wheat and rice. It is a harmful, damaging procedure due to the carcinogenic properties of phenol. The activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) provides the basis for the phenol colour reaction. The goal of this research was to assess a method similar to the phenol colour reaction, by determining where the polyphenol oxidase activity threshold lies for classifying rice types into different groups. The new PPO assay was applied to commercially available rice varieties with the intention of classifying those that ranged from extremely high to extremely low PPO levels into manageable categories. Substrates such as phenol, L-tyrosine, catechol and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) were tested. Twenty cultivars cultivated under identical conditions were put through a screening using a standard assay [1.5 mL of 10 mM L-DOPA in 50 mM 3-(N-morpholino) propane sulphonic acid (MOPS) buffer, pH 6.5, with 3 to 5 seeds constantly rotated in a 2-mL microcentrifuge tube for 0.5 or 1 hour at room temperature]. At 30 minutes, PPO levels were assessed. Based on the PPO values, the varieties belonging to phenol colour groups such as black, dark brown, brown, light brown or no colour matched perfectly. Considering easiness in estimation and other advantages of PPO activity, L-DOPA is proposed as a means of identifying rice varieties instead of the phenol colour reaction test.
对谷物的酚色反应试验被用来鉴别小麦和水稻的品种。由于苯酚的致癌特性，这是一种有害的、破坏性的过程。多酚氧化酶(PPO)的活性是苯酚显色反应的基础。本研究的目的是评估一种类似于苯酚颜色反应的方法，通过确定多酚氧化酶活性阈值在哪里将水稻类型划分为不同的组。新的PPO测定法应用于市售水稻品种，目的是将PPO水平从极高到极低的水稻品种分类为可管理的类别。底物包括苯酚、l -酪氨酸、儿茶酚和3,4-二羟基苯丙氨酸(L-DOPA)。在相同条件下培养的20个品种，采用标准的筛选方法[在50 mM 3-(N-morpholino)丙烷磺酸(MOPS)缓冲液中加入1.5 mL 10 mM L-DOPA, pH为6.5，在室温下，在2 mL微离心管中连续旋转3至5个种子0.5或1小时]。30分钟时，评估PPO水平。根据PPO值，属于酚色组的品种，如黑色、深棕色、棕色、浅棕色或无颜色，匹配完美。考虑到PPO活性易于测定等优点，建议采用L-DOPA代替酚色反应试验作为鉴定水稻品种的方法。
{"title":"L-DOPA assay of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) for varietal identification in rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"S. Kumar, S. Chakrabarty","doi":"10.15258/sst.2023.51.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2023.51.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"A phenol colour response test on the grain is used to identify varieties of wheat and rice. It is a harmful, damaging procedure due to the carcinogenic properties of phenol. The activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) provides the basis for the phenol colour reaction. The goal of this research was to assess a method similar to the phenol colour reaction, by determining where the polyphenol oxidase activity threshold lies for classifying rice types into different groups. The new PPO assay was applied to commercially available rice varieties with the intention of classifying those that ranged from extremely high to extremely low PPO levels into manageable categories. Substrates such as phenol, L-tyrosine, catechol and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) were tested. Twenty cultivars cultivated under identical conditions were put through a screening using a standard assay [1.5 mL of 10 mM L-DOPA in 50 mM 3-(N-morpholino) propane sulphonic acid (MOPS) buffer, pH 6.5, with 3 to 5 seeds constantly rotated in a 2-mL microcentrifuge tube for 0.5 or 1 hour at room temperature]. At 30 minutes, PPO levels were assessed. Based on the PPO values, the varieties belonging to phenol colour groups such as black, dark brown, brown, light brown or no colour matched perfectly. Considering easiness in estimation and other advantages of PPO activity, L-DOPA is proposed as a means of identifying rice varieties instead of the phenol colour reaction test.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67091615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.1.10
Ruiqi Zheng, Zeming Xing, Qiyu Fu, Xiangfu Shi, Lei Wang
The small seeds of Tamarix ramosissima, a pioneer shrub or small tree used for sand fixation and afforestation in desert areas, are suspected to have short longevity and as such not be suitable for storage. However, this has not been experimentally verified. In this investigation, germination of T. ramosissima seeds stored under different temperatures (room temperature (25°C), 5°C and -18°C) for different periods (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days) were tested for moisture content and germination capacity. Seed moisture content and germination percentage decreased with increase of storage period and storage temperature. For seeds stored at room temperature, germination percentage decreased to 58% after 30 days and to 0% by 120 days. However, for seeds stored at -18°C for 120 days, germination percentage was 53%. These results indicate that T. ramosissima seeds have short longevity and are not suitable for long-term storage, particularly at room temperature.
{"title":"Change in the germination performance of Tamarix ramosissima seeds following storage","authors":"Ruiqi Zheng, Zeming Xing, Qiyu Fu, Xiangfu Shi, Lei Wang","doi":"10.15258/sst.2023.51.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2023.51.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"The small seeds of Tamarix ramosissima, a pioneer shrub or small tree used for sand fixation and afforestation in desert areas, are suspected to have short longevity and as such not be suitable for storage. However, this has not been experimentally verified. In this investigation, germination of T. ramosissima seeds stored under different temperatures (room temperature (25°C), 5°C and -18°C) for different periods (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days) were tested for moisture content and germination capacity. Seed moisture content and germination percentage decreased with increase of storage period and storage temperature. For seeds stored at room temperature, germination percentage decreased to 58% after 30 days and to 0% by 120 days. However, for seeds stored at -18°C for 120 days, germination percentage was 53%. These results indicate that T. ramosissima seeds have short longevity and are not suitable for long-term storage, particularly at room temperature.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67091714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.04
Jiezhang Xu, Li Fu
“Plant Regeneration from Seeds: A Global Warming Perspective” delves into the fascinating and crucial topic of understanding plant responses to the environmental challenges posed by climate change. The comprehensive volume offers a rich tapestry of information and analysis, leaving the reader with a deep appreciation for the complex interplay of factors that influence plant regeneration and the potential consequences for ecosystems around the world.
{"title":"Book Review. Seeds of hope: Unearthing the potential of plant regeneration in a warming world","authors":"Jiezhang Xu, Li Fu","doi":"10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"“Plant Regeneration from Seeds: A Global Warming Perspective” delves into the fascinating and crucial topic of understanding plant responses to the environmental challenges posed by climate change. The comprehensive volume offers a rich tapestry of information and analysis, leaving the reader with a deep appreciation for the complex interplay of factors that influence plant regeneration and the potential consequences for ecosystems around the world.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67091911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.03
Zeming Xing, Ruiqi Zheng, Xiangfu Shi, Lei Wang
Nitrate promotes seed germination at low concentrations in many plant species. Meanwhile, mucilage plays a crucial role in germination by regulating seed responses to different environmental factors. This study investigated the effect of nitrate and mucilage on seed germination of the ephemeral plant Nepeta micrantha. Nitrate had distinct effects on intact and demucilaged seeds. Specifically, low nitrate concentration significantly increased the germination velocity of intact seeds, but decreased that of demucilaged seeds in the first few days. The addition of nitrate did not significantly affect the final germination percentage and germination index of intact and demucilaged seeds within the 20-day germination period, except for the demucilaged seeds treated with 0.01 mmol L-1 KNO3. This study suggests that nitrate and mucilage have a positive impact on germination of N. micrantha seeds in harsh environments.
{"title":"Low concentration of nitrate increases germination velocity of intact seeds of Nepeta micrantha in the first few days of germination","authors":"Zeming Xing, Ruiqi Zheng, Xiangfu Shi, Lei Wang","doi":"10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.03","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrate promotes seed germination at low concentrations in many plant species. Meanwhile, mucilage plays a crucial role in germination by regulating seed responses to different environmental factors. This study investigated the effect of nitrate and mucilage on seed germination of the ephemeral plant Nepeta micrantha. Nitrate had distinct effects on intact and demucilaged seeds. Specifically, low nitrate concentration significantly increased the germination velocity of intact seeds, but decreased that of demucilaged seeds in the first few days. The addition of nitrate did not significantly affect the final germination percentage and germination index of intact and demucilaged seeds within the 20-day germination period, except for the demucilaged seeds treated with 0.01 mmol L-1 KNO3. This study suggests that nitrate and mucilage have a positive impact on germination of N. micrantha seeds in harsh environments.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67092153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.10
E. O. Olung’ati, Benard Kamondo, Millicent Samoei Jepchumba, J. Njuguna, J. Kimondo, J. Kariuki, Ezekiel Kyalo, Naomi Masecha, Phidelis Ntalalai, A. Wafula, Lemaiyan Denis Leparakuo, Lydiah Khaemba
Melia volkensii (Melia), locally known as Mukau in Kenya, is an important indigenous dryland forestry species. The species is propagated primarily through seeds, with germination percentage ranging from 40-90%. Successful germination of seeds of forestry species requires skillful application of appropriate pre-sowing treatments. Studies that document and quantify the effect of skill/experience on the germination outcomes for tree seeds are rare. This study sought to fill this gap by documenting the results from a capacity building exercise on testing M. volkensii seeds. Seeds were collected from the KEFRI Kibwezi seed orchard, pretreated and sown by seven participants with different skill levels based on years of experience. The seeds were sown in glasshouse and nursery conditions. There were significant differences (p < 0.001) in germination capacity, mean germination time, T50, mean germination rate, mean daily germination (MDG) and peak value (PV) depending on the skill level of the participants. The results also varied between germination environment (p < 0.001) for all germination traits except MGD and T50. The highest germination outcomes were recorded for participants with the longest experience in testing of M. volkensii seed germination. These findings therefore signify the importance of skill/experience in germination of M. volkensii seeds, an outcome that may have implications for other forestry seeds with special pre-sowing requirements.
{"title":"The role of skill in successful germination of Melia volkensii seeds","authors":"E. O. Olung’ati, Benard Kamondo, Millicent Samoei Jepchumba, J. Njuguna, J. Kimondo, J. Kariuki, Ezekiel Kyalo, Naomi Masecha, Phidelis Ntalalai, A. Wafula, Lemaiyan Denis Leparakuo, Lydiah Khaemba","doi":"10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2023.51.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"Melia volkensii (Melia), locally known as Mukau in Kenya, is an important indigenous dryland forestry species. The species is propagated primarily through seeds, with germination percentage ranging from 40-90%. Successful germination of seeds of forestry species requires skillful application of appropriate pre-sowing treatments. Studies that document and quantify the effect of skill/experience on the germination outcomes for tree seeds are rare. This study sought to fill this gap by documenting the results from a capacity building exercise on testing M. volkensii seeds. Seeds were collected from the KEFRI Kibwezi seed orchard, pretreated and sown by seven participants with different skill levels based on years of experience. The seeds were sown in glasshouse and nursery conditions. There were significant differences (p < 0.001) in germination capacity, mean germination time, T50, mean germination rate, mean daily germination (MDG) and peak value (PV) depending on the skill level of the participants. The results also varied between germination environment (p < 0.001) for all germination traits except MGD and T50. The highest germination outcomes were recorded for participants with the longest experience in testing of M. volkensii seed germination. These findings therefore signify the importance of skill/experience in germination of M. volkensii seeds, an outcome that may have implications for other forestry seeds with special pre-sowing requirements.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67092496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.08
Yaqi Zhang, Qibo Tao, Ruizhen Zhang, Yule Ma, Jiayi Xing, Shenghui Zhou, Yuhe Liu, Fansheng Meng, Juan Sun
Forage species play important role in both livestock production and environment protection. Seed vigour is a critical aspect of seed quality. The objective of this study was to develop a seed vigour test based on radicle emergence at a low temperature for four important forage species, Lolium multiflorum , Coronilla varia , Astragalus sinicus and Vicia sativa . The standard germination test (20°C) (SG) and cold radicle emergence (CRE) to ≥ 2 mm during germination at 5°C were determined for seed lots of four species in the laboratory. Field emergence (FE) was also measured, in April 2022. For four species, the SG of seed lots were high and similar, and was not significantly related to FE. However, the CRE counts at 11, 14, 18 and 7 days from sowing for L. multiflorum , C. varia , A. sinicus and V. sativa , respectively, were well correlated with FE, with coefficients of determination ( R 2 ) of 0.757, 0.815, 0.774 and 0.812, respectively ( P < 0.01). These findings suggested that CRE during germination at 5°C has good potential in assessing FE and hence seed vigour for four forage species.
{"title":"A seed vigour test based on radicle emergence during germination at 5°C for four forage species","authors":"Yaqi Zhang, Qibo Tao, Ruizhen Zhang, Yule Ma, Jiayi Xing, Shenghui Zhou, Yuhe Liu, Fansheng Meng, Juan Sun","doi":"10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.08","url":null,"abstract":"Forage species play important role in both livestock production and environment protection. Seed vigour is a critical aspect of seed quality. The objective of this study was to develop a seed vigour test based on radicle emergence at a low temperature for four important forage species, Lolium multiflorum , Coronilla varia , Astragalus sinicus and Vicia sativa . The standard germination test (20&deg;C) (SG) and cold radicle emergence (CRE) to &ge; 2 mm during germination at 5&deg;C were determined for seed lots of four species in the laboratory. Field emergence (FE) was also measured, in April 2022. For four species, the SG of seed lots were high and similar, and was not significantly related to FE. However, the CRE counts at 11, 14, 18 and 7 days from sowing for L. multiflorum , C. varia , A. sinicus and V. sativa , respectively, were well correlated with FE, with coefficients of determination ( R 2 ) of 0.757, 0.815, 0.774 and 0.812, respectively ( P &lt; 0.01). These findings suggested that CRE during germination at 5&deg;C has good potential in assessing FE and hence seed vigour for four forage species.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135701233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.1.07
A. Maity, Debashis Paul, A. Lamichaney, Abhradip Sarkar, Nidhi Babbar, Nandita Mandal, Suman Dutta, P. Maity, S. K. Chakrabarty
Climate change is real and inevitable, incessantly threatening the terrestrial ecosystem and global food security. Although the impacts of climate change on crop yield and the environment have received much attention in recent years, there are few studies on its implications for the production of high-quality seeds that provide the basic input for food production. Seeds are the primary planting material for crop cultivation and carry most new agricultural technologies to the field. Climatic abnormalities occurring at harvest and during the post-harvest stages may not always severely impact seed yield but can reduce the morphological, physiological and biochemical quality, ultimately reducing the field performance and planting value of the seed lot. In our preliminary data mining that considered the first 30 species appearing in the search results, seed setting, seed yield and seed quality parameters under temperature, CO2 and drought stresses showed differential response patterns depending on the cotyledon number (monocots vs. dicots), breeding system (self- vs. cross-pollinated), life cycle (annual vs. perennial) and maturity time (seed setting in cooler vs. hotter months). The relative proportions of the 30 species showed that germination and seedling vigour are adversely affected more in dicots and self-pollinated annual species that set seeds in hotter months. Together, these impacts can potentially reduce the quantity and quality of seeds produced. Immediate attention and action are required to understand and mitigate the detrimental impacts of climate change on the production and supply of high-quality seeds. This review summarises the current knowledge on this aspect, predicts the future implications and suggests some potential mitigation strategies in the context of projected population growth, climate change and seed requirement at the global level.
{"title":"Invited Review: Climate change impacts on seed production and quality: current knowledge, implications, and mitigation strategies","authors":"A. Maity, Debashis Paul, A. Lamichaney, Abhradip Sarkar, Nidhi Babbar, Nandita Mandal, Suman Dutta, P. Maity, S. K. Chakrabarty","doi":"10.15258/sst.2023.51.1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2023.51.1.07","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is real and inevitable, incessantly threatening the terrestrial ecosystem and global food security. Although the impacts of climate change on crop yield and the environment have received much attention in recent years, there are few studies on its implications for the production of high-quality seeds that provide the basic input for food production. Seeds are the primary planting material for crop cultivation and carry most new agricultural technologies to the field. Climatic abnormalities occurring at harvest and during the post-harvest stages may not always severely impact seed yield but can reduce the morphological, physiological and biochemical quality, ultimately reducing the field performance and planting value of the seed lot. In our preliminary data mining that considered the first 30 species appearing in the search results, seed setting, seed yield and seed quality parameters under temperature, CO2 and drought stresses showed differential response patterns depending on the cotyledon number (monocots vs. dicots), breeding system (self- vs. cross-pollinated), life cycle (annual vs. perennial) and maturity time (seed setting in cooler vs. hotter months). The relative proportions of the 30 species showed that germination and seedling vigour are adversely affected more in dicots and self-pollinated annual species that set seeds in hotter months. Together, these impacts can potentially reduce the quantity and quality of seeds produced. Immediate attention and action are required to understand and mitigate the detrimental impacts of climate change on the production and supply of high-quality seeds. This review summarises the current knowledge on this aspect, predicts the future implications and suggests some potential mitigation strategies in the context of projected population growth, climate change and seed requirement at the global level.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67091685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.11
Yingying Han, Liangbo Li, Weijie Li, Xiuli Wang, Baolin Liu
Hydrolysis of globulins might be involved in the freezing tolerance of hydrated lettuce seeds. The mechanism was further explored in hydrated brassica ( Brassica oleracea ) seeds, by application of 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoicacid) (DTNB), the Ellman’s reagent, which can bind to the free sulphydryl side chain of cysteine. DTNB increased the viability of hydrated brassica seeds after slow cooling (-3°C hour -1 ) to -17°C. Two- dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectra analysis indicated the accumulation of small peptides derived from 12S globulins (cruciferin) in DTNB-treated seeds after slow cooling. The seed storage peptides with different molecular weight were cooled and the ice formation during cooling observed by cryomicroscopy, which proved that peptides of smaller molecular size produced smaller and rounder crystals. The smallest peptide in DTNB-treated seeds produced the smallest and roundest crystals during cooling. The levels of ASA, DHA and GSH were specifically up-regulated after DTNB treatment and following slow cooling, which indicates that DTNB enhanced the circulation of ASA and GSH to resist the oxidative stress. Consistent with this finding, RNA-seq and real time PCR indicated that glutathione reductase (GR) was up-regulated after DTNB treatment.
水合莴苣种子的抗冻性可能与球蛋白的水解有关。在水合的芸苔属(brassica oleracea)种子中，通过施用可与半胱氨酸的游离巯基侧链结合的Ellman试剂5,5'-二硫代比斯(2-硝基苯甲酸)(DTNB)进一步探索其机理。DTNB在缓慢冷却(-3& C小时-1)至-17& C后提高了含水芸苔种子的活力。二维电泳和质谱分析表明，dtnb处理的种子在缓慢冷却后积累了来自12S球蛋白(十字花素)的小肽。对不同分子量的种子贮藏肽进行了冷却，并用低温显微镜观察了冷却过程中形成的冰，结果表明，分子尺寸较小的肽产生的晶体更小、更圆。在dtnb处理的种子中，最小的肽在冷却过程中产生最小和最圆的晶体。经过DTNB处理和缓慢冷却后，ASA、DHA和GSH的水平特异性上调，这表明DTNB增强了ASA和GSH的循环以抵抗氧化应激。与此发现一致，RNA-seq和real - time PCR显示，DTNB处理后谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)上调。
{"title":"De-polymerisation and hydrolysis of seed storage protein is involved in the freezing tolerance of hydrated <i>Brassica oleracea</i> seeds","authors":"Yingying Han, Liangbo Li, Weijie Li, Xiuli Wang, Baolin Liu","doi":"10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.11","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrolysis of globulins might be involved in the freezing tolerance of hydrated lettuce seeds. The mechanism was further explored in hydrated brassica ( Brassica oleracea ) seeds, by application of 5,5&apos;-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoicacid) (DTNB), the Ellman’s reagent, which can bind to the free sulphydryl side chain of cysteine. DTNB increased the viability of hydrated brassica seeds after slow cooling (-3&deg;C hour -1 ) to -17&deg;C. Two- dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectra analysis indicated the accumulation of small peptides derived from 12S globulins (cruciferin) in DTNB-treated seeds after slow cooling. The seed storage peptides with different molecular weight were cooled and the ice formation during cooling observed by cryomicroscopy, which proved that peptides of smaller molecular size produced smaller and rounder crystals. The smallest peptide in DTNB-treated seeds produced the smallest and roundest crystals during cooling. The levels of ASA, DHA and GSH were specifically up-regulated after DTNB treatment and following slow cooling, which indicates that DTNB enhanced the circulation of ASA and GSH to resist the oxidative stress. Consistent with this finding, RNA-seq and real time PCR indicated that glutathione reductase (GR) was up-regulated after DTNB treatment.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136204435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2023.51.3.05
N. B. Coronado, Renerio P. Gentallan Jr., F. R. Hay, R. Madayag, E. B. Timog, K. J. Quiñones, M. Bartolome, L. E. Endonela, N. C. Altoveros, T. Borromeo
Aside from the leaves and roots, radish seedlings are consumed as a “microgreen”. Production of microgreens requires high viability, high vigour seeds. Knowledge of the rates of loss of viability and vigour decline during storage would therefore be useful for radish sprout production, but also in relation to the conservation of radish germplasm in seed genebanks. Seeds of radish ‘Kaiware’, a microgreen cultivar, were stored hermetically at seven moisture levels between 6% and 13% at 50°C. Seed viability (germination after removal from storage) was scored daily to determine germination progress curves. One-step analysis was used to simultaneously fit the population-based threshold (PBT) model describing the decline in germination rates with ageing and to estimate the effects of MC on longevity according to the viability equation. KE and CW were estimated as 6.54 and 3.22, respectively. The ageing-time constant for the PBT model, θage, increased as a function of storage moisture content, reflecting the faster decline in vigour at higher MC. The validity of the viability constants was tested by predicting viability loss in seeds of a different radish cultivar, ‘Sango Purple’, stored at 45°C and 8.61% MC.
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