Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2022.50.3.12
L. Bowden
The combined effects of climate change and a growing world population mean that food security is increasingly an issue of concern. The recent 27th United Nations Climate Change Conference, COP27, held in November 2022 saw the launch of the Sharm-El-Sheikh Adaptation Agenda (2022) which recognises that food and agriculture systems will need to become more climate resilient, sustainable, and provide improved yields. Seeds will have a key role to play in achieving these goals, and the papers in this issue provide examples of how seed science can help respond to the changing climate as well as mitigate against the effects of climate change. From providing innovative solutions to improve seed performance, to conducting research on species that have not previously been well studied, research into seed science and technology will help us to achieve the more resilient agricultural systems envisaged in the Adaptation Agenda.
{"title":"Editorial: Seed Science and Technology, Volume 50, Issue 3 (2022)","authors":"L. Bowden","doi":"10.15258/sst.2022.50.3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2022.50.3.12","url":null,"abstract":"The combined effects of climate change and a growing world population mean that food security is increasingly an issue of concern. The recent 27th United Nations Climate Change Conference, COP27, held in November 2022 saw the launch of the Sharm-El-Sheikh Adaptation Agenda (2022) which recognises that food and agriculture systems will need to become more climate resilient, sustainable, and provide improved yields. Seeds will have a key role to play in achieving these goals, and the papers in this issue provide examples of how seed science can help respond to the changing climate as well as mitigate against the effects of climate change. From providing innovative solutions to improve seed performance, to conducting research on species that have not previously been well studied, research into seed science and technology will help us to achieve the more resilient agricultural systems envisaged in the Adaptation Agenda.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67091418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2022.50.1.s.01
R. Ellis
Seed Science and Technology published ‘The quantification of ageing and survival in orthodox seeds’ four decades ago. That paper explained the improved seed viability equation, which quantifies seed longevity in response to storage environment, and the implications for seed ageing and seed quality, including likely seedling emergence. Developments in seed science, and anhydrous biology more widely, associated with that well-cited paper are summarised here.
{"title":"Invited Review: Seed ageing, survival and the improved seed viability equation; forty years on","authors":"R. Ellis","doi":"10.15258/sst.2022.50.1.s.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2022.50.1.s.01","url":null,"abstract":"Seed Science and Technology published ‘The quantification of ageing and survival in orthodox seeds’ four decades ago. That paper explained the improved seed viability equation, which quantifies seed longevity in response to storage environment, and the implications for seed ageing and seed quality, including likely seedling emergence. Developments in seed science, and anhydrous biology more widely, associated with that well-cited paper are summarised here.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67091459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2022.50.1.s.07
S. Gairola, A. Hameed, A. Rasheed, Asma Alketbi, Mariam Aljasmi, A. El-Keblawy
Germination response to environmental factors often depends on the seed source. Habitat-indifferent halophytes that can grow well under both saline (SH) and non-saline habitats (NSH) offer a good opportunity to understand salinity tolerance during the germination stage under varying environmental factors, such as temperature and light. This study compared seed germination responses among different populations of two common habitat-indifferent halophytes (Salsola drummondii and Suaeda vermiculata) from subtropical hyperarid deserts of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and semiarid warm sub-tropical areas in Pakistan. This study highlights many similarities and differences in the seed germination and recovery responses of habitat-indifferent halophytes occurring in two contrasting climatic regions. The germination window of UAE seeds was wider, i.e., they germinated at higher rates under all temperatures in both light and darkness. This indicates that seeds of UAE populations can germinate at any time of the year, if conditions are optimal, and faciltate a faster seedling establishment under fluctuating harsh environmental conditions compared to populations from semiarid warm sub-tropical areas in Pakistan. The eco-physiological significance of the responses is also discussed.
{"title":"Invited Review: Seed germination and salinity tolerance of habitat-indifferent halophytes as associated with geographical distribution","authors":"S. Gairola, A. Hameed, A. Rasheed, Asma Alketbi, Mariam Aljasmi, A. El-Keblawy","doi":"10.15258/sst.2022.50.1.s.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2022.50.1.s.07","url":null,"abstract":"Germination response to environmental factors often depends on the seed source. Habitat-indifferent halophytes that can grow well under both saline (SH) and non-saline habitats (NSH) offer a good opportunity to understand salinity tolerance during the germination stage under varying environmental factors, such as temperature and light. This study compared seed germination responses among different populations of two common habitat-indifferent halophytes (Salsola drummondii and Suaeda vermiculata) from subtropical hyperarid deserts of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and semiarid warm sub-tropical areas in Pakistan. This study highlights many similarities and differences in the seed germination and recovery responses of habitat-indifferent halophytes occurring in two contrasting climatic regions. The germination window of UAE seeds was wider, i.e., they germinated at higher rates under all temperatures in both light and darkness. This indicates that seeds of UAE populations can germinate at any time of the year, if conditions are optimal, and faciltate a faster seedling establishment under fluctuating harsh environmental conditions compared to populations from semiarid warm sub-tropical areas in Pakistan. The eco-physiological significance of the responses is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67091162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2022.50.2.03
Nasib Koirala, D. Barker, C. Helfer, W. Phippen, Nicholas J Heller, Alexander W. Hard, Samantha S. Wells, A. Lindsey
Pennycress is an emerging oilseed crop, but some improved lines still exhibit seed dormancy that may impede germination and establishment. A laboratory study was conducted in 2021 to identify seed treatments to increase germination of a wild pennycress improved line (‘MN106NS’). A randomised complete block experimental design was used with two replications and 12 seed treatments: untreated control; fludioxonil (50 µg ai per g of seed); gibberellic acid (GA) soak at 0.05 or 0.01% w/w for 12 hours; pelleting with diatomaceous earth and a commercial binder ± each prior component and a carnauba wax coating. For all treatments, uniformity and stability of pelleted treatments were tested, and germination over time (3 to 14 days at 20°C in dark) was quantified. There were consistent increase, in weight and size (142% in weight and 29% in size on average) of seeds with pelleting, and pelleting combination treatments did not vary in stability. Total germination increased compared to the control with all seed treatments, except the addition of fludioxonil alone. While all pelleting treatments improved total germination, the use of GA as a soak treatment or as an addition during seed pelleting was most effective to increase germination in MN106NS.
{"title":"A process to enhance germination of a wild pennycress variety","authors":"Nasib Koirala, D. Barker, C. Helfer, W. Phippen, Nicholas J Heller, Alexander W. Hard, Samantha S. Wells, A. Lindsey","doi":"10.15258/sst.2022.50.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2022.50.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"Pennycress is an emerging oilseed crop, but some improved lines still exhibit seed dormancy that may impede germination and establishment. A laboratory study was conducted in 2021 to identify seed treatments to increase germination of a wild pennycress improved line (‘MN106NS’). A randomised complete block experimental design was used with two replications and 12 seed treatments: untreated control; fludioxonil (50 µg ai per g of seed); gibberellic acid (GA) soak at 0.05 or 0.01% w/w for 12 hours; pelleting with diatomaceous earth and a commercial binder ± each prior component and a carnauba wax coating. For all treatments, uniformity and stability of pelleted treatments were tested, and germination over time (3 to 14 days at 20°C in dark) was quantified. There were consistent increase, in weight and size (142% in weight and 29% in size on average) of seeds with pelleting, and pelleting combination treatments did not vary in stability. Total germination increased compared to the control with all seed treatments, except the addition of fludioxonil alone. While all pelleting treatments improved total germination, the use of GA as a soak treatment or as an addition during seed pelleting was most effective to increase germination in MN106NS.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67091322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2022.50.2.08
Yuanyuan Sun, Changchun Guo, Yi Zhong, Mengwen Xing, Bo Li, Yonggang Yang, Xiaojuan Yuan, Yanfang Wen, Chuanhai Shu, Zhiyuan Yang, Yongjian Sun
Low-temperature and anaerobic conditions are two major limiting factors in the germination of direct-seeded rice. Sixteen hybrid Indica rice varieties were screened and subjected to two different temperatures and oxygen levels. The results revealed that relative to anaerobic conditons, low-temperature is the key limiting factor for seed germination. For all varieties, relative to normal temperature (30°C) and aerobic conditions (89.0% germination), the germination percentages when seeds were germinated under anaerobic (normal temperature), low-temperature (15°C) or combined anaerobic and low-temperature conditions were 64.0, 46.0 and 23.2%, respectively. Under the three latter treatments, the soluble sugar (SS) and gibberellin (GA) was significantly decreased, the abscisic acid (ABA) had significantly increased by 14.6–251.8%, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) initially increased by 30.2–49.7% and decreased thereafter by 34.7%. Seeds of ‘Shen 9 you 28’ and ‘Jingliangyou 534’ performed better than seeds of the other varieties, with high germination percentages, SS, SOD, GA and low ABA. Correlation analysis revealed that the germination percentages were significantly correlated with the SS, SOD, GA, ABA and GA/ABA. Elevated SS, GA and SOD, as well as reduced ABA content were thought to account for the high germination of rice varieties resistant to combined low-temperature and anaerobic stress.
{"title":"Relationship between seed germination physiological characteristics and germination percentages of direct-seeded hybrid Indica rice under low-temperature and anaerobic interaction","authors":"Yuanyuan Sun, Changchun Guo, Yi Zhong, Mengwen Xing, Bo Li, Yonggang Yang, Xiaojuan Yuan, Yanfang Wen, Chuanhai Shu, Zhiyuan Yang, Yongjian Sun","doi":"10.15258/sst.2022.50.2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2022.50.2.08","url":null,"abstract":"Low-temperature and anaerobic conditions are two major limiting factors in the germination of direct-seeded rice. Sixteen hybrid Indica rice varieties were screened and subjected to two different temperatures and oxygen levels. The results revealed that relative to anaerobic conditons, low-temperature is the key limiting factor for seed germination. For all varieties, relative to normal temperature (30°C) and aerobic conditions (89.0% germination), the germination percentages when seeds were germinated under anaerobic (normal temperature), low-temperature (15°C) or combined anaerobic and low-temperature conditions were 64.0, 46.0 and 23.2%, respectively. Under the three latter treatments, the soluble sugar (SS) and gibberellin (GA) was significantly decreased, the abscisic acid (ABA) had significantly increased by 14.6–251.8%, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) initially increased by 30.2–49.7% and decreased thereafter by 34.7%. Seeds of ‘Shen 9 you 28’ and ‘Jingliangyou 534’ performed better than seeds of the other varieties, with high germination percentages, SS, SOD, GA and low ABA. Correlation analysis revealed that the germination percentages were significantly correlated with the SS, SOD, GA, ABA and GA/ABA. Elevated SS, GA and SOD, as well as reduced ABA content were thought to account for the high germination of rice varieties resistant to combined low-temperature and anaerobic stress.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67091478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2022.50.2.06
Tianyi Jiang, Lan Zhou
The effects of simulated drought on seed germination and seedling physiological response of Chimonanthus praecox under different concentrations of PEG-6000 (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%) were studied. The results of the study showed that as the degree of drought intensified, the germination percentage, germination potential, germination index and vigour index of C. praecox seeds decreased significantly. When the PEG-6000 concentration was 25%, the C. praecox seeds no longer germinated. As the degree of drought increased, the SOD activity in the seedlings of C. praecox showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, while the activities of POD and CAT showed increasing and decreasing trends respectively; the contents of MDA, soluble sugar and soluble protein rose with the degree of drought going up. Correlation analysis showed that all the germination indicators of C. praecox seeds were extremely and negatively correlated with MDA, and SOD, POD activity, soluble sugar and soluble protein content were extremely significantly positively correlated with MDA content. Therefore, the seedlings of C. praecox under drought circumstances might increase the activity of SOD and POD, and enhance the content of soluble sugar and soluble protein to alleviate the oxidative stress and improve the adaptability of seedlings to drought.
{"title":"Effects of PEG simulated drought on the germination of Chimonanthus praecox seeds and the physiological response of seedlings to drought","authors":"Tianyi Jiang, Lan Zhou","doi":"10.15258/sst.2022.50.2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2022.50.2.06","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of simulated drought on seed germination and seedling physiological response of Chimonanthus praecox under different concentrations of PEG-6000 (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%) were studied. The results of the study showed that as the degree of drought intensified, the germination percentage, germination potential, germination index and vigour index of C. praecox seeds decreased significantly. When the PEG-6000 concentration was 25%, the C. praecox seeds no longer germinated. As the degree of drought increased, the SOD activity in the seedlings of C. praecox showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, while the activities of POD and CAT showed increasing and decreasing trends respectively; the contents of MDA, soluble sugar and soluble protein rose with the degree of drought going up. Correlation analysis showed that all the germination indicators of C. praecox seeds were extremely and negatively correlated with MDA, and SOD, POD activity, soluble sugar and soluble protein content were extremely significantly positively correlated with MDA content. Therefore, the seedlings of C. praecox under drought circumstances might increase the activity of SOD and POD, and enhance the content of soluble sugar and soluble protein to alleviate the oxidative stress and improve the adaptability of seedlings to drought.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67091402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2021.49.3.11
R. Baalbaki
This issue of Seed Science and Technology is a good reflection of the wide scope of the field of study. Species of interest include major cultivated crops as well as wild and native species. Likewise, research topics span a wide array of subjects relevant to those interested in basic seed biology, production, testing, ecology, conservation and biodiversity. Understanding basic mechanisms of seed dormancy and germination remains a major topic of interest. Seed quality and its attributes are also of particular interest, as evidenced by research articles on seed vigour, health, genetic purity and physical characterisation.
{"title":"Editorial: Seed Science and Technology. Volume 49 Issue 3 (2021)","authors":"R. Baalbaki","doi":"10.15258/sst.2021.49.3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2021.49.3.11","url":null,"abstract":"This issue of Seed Science and Technology is a good reflection of the wide scope of the field of study. Species of interest include major cultivated crops as well as wild and native species. Likewise, research topics span a wide array of subjects relevant to those interested in basic seed biology, production, testing, ecology, conservation and biodiversity. Understanding basic mechanisms of seed dormancy and germination remains a major topic of interest. Seed quality and its attributes are also of particular interest, as evidenced by research articles on seed vigour, health, genetic purity and physical characterisation.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67090584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2022.50.3.01
G. Seiler
The effects of prolonged storage on the germination and viability of seeds of sunflower crop wild relatives stored under less-than-optimal conditions in working genebanks is not known. Seeds of two wild annual species, Helianthus annuus (common wild sunflower) and annual H. petiolaris (prairie sunflower), were stored at room temperature (20 to 22°C) and low humidity of ~ 22% in the laboratory for 38 years. Germination of stored annual sunflower seeds was 5.5%, while that of prairie sunflower seeds was 0.75%, compared with the germination of freshly harvested seeds of 34.7 and 18.5%, respectively. Tetrazolium, a vital stain, indicated that the seeds were alive. The viability equations were used to predict final viability of the stored seeds. Using the three tests of viability (germination with and without gibberellic acid, and tetrazolium staining), all appeared to underestimate the actual condition of the stored seeds of annual sunflower, but provided better predictions for prairie sunflower. This study indicated that wild sunflower seeds can be stored at less than ideal conditions in working genebanks where viability decreases over time reducing germination, but gibberellic acid treatment can sustainably increase germination to produce a number of plants to maintain the genetic integrity of the original stored seeds often used in long-term prebreeding programmes.
{"title":"Germination and viability of wild sunflower species seeds stored at room temperature and low humidity for 38 years","authors":"G. Seiler","doi":"10.15258/sst.2022.50.3.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2022.50.3.01","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of prolonged storage on the germination and viability of seeds of sunflower crop wild relatives stored under less-than-optimal conditions in working genebanks is not known. Seeds of two wild annual species, Helianthus annuus (common wild sunflower) and annual H. petiolaris (prairie sunflower), were stored at room temperature (20 to 22°C) and low humidity of ~ 22% in the laboratory for 38 years. Germination of stored annual sunflower seeds was 5.5%, while that of prairie sunflower seeds was 0.75%, compared with the germination of freshly harvested seeds of 34.7 and 18.5%, respectively. Tetrazolium, a vital stain, indicated that the seeds were alive. The viability equations were used to predict final viability of the stored seeds. Using the three tests of viability (germination with and without gibberellic acid, and tetrazolium staining), all appeared to underestimate the actual condition of the stored seeds of annual sunflower, but provided better predictions for prairie sunflower. This study indicated that wild sunflower seeds can be stored at less than ideal conditions in working genebanks where viability decreases over time reducing germination, but gibberellic acid treatment can sustainably increase germination to produce a number of plants to maintain the genetic integrity of the original stored seeds often used in long-term prebreeding programmes.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67091100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2022.50.1.s.08
S. Groot
The use of high vigour seeds for crop production is increasing in importance. Seed vigour develops during the late maturation phase, after deposition of reserves and attainment of maximum dry weight. During this phase, various protective mechanisms are imposed in the seeds that will aid survival after release from the mother plant. These mechanisms include the production of protective metabolites such as antioxidants and pigments, specific proteins and degradation of chlorophyll. All are essential for maximum quality of seeds used as propagation material, since they aid in providing increased tolerance to diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. Physical sanitation treatments, ageing during storage and threat by pathogens are some of the stresses that the seeds can experience during production, processing and germination. However, harvesting seeds at the fully mature stage and with maximum vigour is a big challenge in seed production. For most seeds, analysis of chlorophyll levels can be used as a measure of relative maturity. This is a rather sensitive technique as it uses the fluorescence properties of chlorophyll, and can also be used for upgrading seed lots containing relatively large fractions of less mature seeds. Sorted seed fractions are also useful to study processes during late seed maturation and the different seed vigour aspects gained during late seed maturation.
{"title":"Invited Review: Seed maturation and its practical implications","authors":"S. Groot","doi":"10.15258/sst.2022.50.1.s.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2022.50.1.s.08","url":null,"abstract":"The use of high vigour seeds for crop production is increasing in importance. Seed vigour develops during the late maturation phase, after deposition of reserves and attainment of maximum dry weight. During this phase, various protective mechanisms are imposed in the seeds that will aid survival after release from the mother plant. These mechanisms include the production of protective metabolites such as antioxidants and pigments, specific proteins and degradation of chlorophyll. All are essential for maximum quality of seeds used as propagation material, since they aid in providing increased tolerance to diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. Physical sanitation treatments, ageing during storage and threat by pathogens are some of the stresses that the seeds can experience during production, processing and germination. However, harvesting seeds at the fully mature stage and with maximum vigour is a big challenge in seed production. For most seeds, analysis of chlorophyll levels can be used as a measure of relative maturity. This is a rather sensitive technique as it uses the fluorescence properties of chlorophyll, and can also be used for upgrading seed lots containing relatively large fractions of less mature seeds. Sorted seed fractions are also useful to study processes during late seed maturation and the different seed vigour aspects gained during late seed maturation.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67091206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15258/sst.2022.50.2.01
M. Shahid, M. Asghar, F. Ahmad
Mungbean (Vigna radiata) is an economically important pulse crop. It is widely grown by farmers due to its dual profitability in terms of production and enriching soil fertility through biological nitrogen fixation. Harvesting of mungbean is complicated due to its indeterminate growth habit and presence of green weeds. To dry plants and speed up harvesting of crops, pre-harvest herbicides are used as harvest aids. In the present study, two harvest aid herbicides (paraquat and glyphosate) at three different levels (2.47, 3.70 and 4.94 L ha-1) along with a non-treated control were tested for two mungbean varieties (‘NM-2011’ and ‘NM-2016’) to evaluate their effects on germination parameters. Germination under laboratory conditions, field conditions and mean germination time showed non-significantly different results, while vigour index showed significant differences. Seeds of ‘NM-2011’ had 97% germination following 3.70 L ha-1 paraquat or 4.94 L ha-1 glyphosate. Similarly, seeds of ‘NM-2016’ had 100% germination following 4.94 L ha-1 paraquat, while all levels of glyphosate showed non-significant decreases in germination as compared to the non-treated control.
绿豆(Vigna radiata)是重要的经济豆类作物。由于其在生产和通过生物固氮提高土壤肥力方面的双重盈利能力，它被农民广泛种植。由于绿豆的生长习性不确定和绿草的存在，收获是复杂的。为了使植物干燥并加快作物的收获，收割前使用除草剂作为收获辅助剂。本研究以2个绿豆品种(NM-2011和NM-2016)为试验材料，采用3种不同浓度(2.47、3.70和4.94 L ha-1)的百草枯和草甘膦两种助收除草剂(百草枯和草甘膦)和未处理的对照，评价其对发芽参数的影响。室内萌发、田间萌发和平均萌发时间差异不显著，而活力指数差异显著。施用3.70 L ha-1百草枯或4.94 L ha-1草甘膦后，NM-2011种子发芽率为97%。同样，“NM-2016”的种子在4.94 L ha-1百草枯处理后萌发率为100%，而所有水平的草甘膦与未处理的对照相比，萌发率均无显著降低。
{"title":"Effect of harvest aid herbicides on germination and vigour index of mungbean seeds","authors":"M. Shahid, M. Asghar, F. Ahmad","doi":"10.15258/sst.2022.50.2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2022.50.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"Mungbean (Vigna radiata) is an economically important pulse crop. It is widely grown by farmers due to its dual profitability in terms of production and enriching soil fertility through biological nitrogen fixation. Harvesting of mungbean is complicated due to its indeterminate growth habit and presence of green weeds. To dry plants and speed up harvesting of crops, pre-harvest herbicides are used as harvest aids. In the present study, two harvest aid herbicides (paraquat and glyphosate) at three different levels (2.47, 3.70 and 4.94 L ha-1) along with a non-treated control were tested for two mungbean varieties (‘NM-2011’ and ‘NM-2016’) to evaluate their effects on germination parameters. Germination under laboratory conditions, field conditions and mean germination time showed non-significantly different results, while vigour index showed significant differences. Seeds of ‘NM-2011’ had 97% germination following 3.70 L ha-1 paraquat or 4.94 L ha-1 glyphosate. Similarly, seeds of ‘NM-2016’ had 100% germination following 4.94 L ha-1 paraquat, while all levels of glyphosate showed non-significant decreases in germination as compared to the non-treated control.","PeriodicalId":21662,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67091275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：