This research was aimed to demonstrate impacts of glycine subgingival sandblasting on peri-implantitis (PI), periodontal clinical parameters, and inflammatory factor expression in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients with titanium-nickel-chromium (TiNiCr) alloy porcelain-fused-to-metal crown (APC) restorations. A total of 159 patients with TiNiCr APCs were randomly rolled into glycine subgingival sandblasting group (Exp 1 group), erythritol subgingival sandblasting group (Exp 2 group), and conventional scaling and root planing (SRP) treatment group (Con group), with 53 patients in each group. The quantity of oral biofilm was assessed based on plaque staining, and the plaque index (PLI), bleeding index (BI), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) preoperatively (baseline) and at 3-, 6-, and 12-months postoperatively in various groups were compared. Microbial species and quantities in the GCF were determined using microbial counting, and the incidence of PI postoperatively was calculated in each group. The inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 in the GCF were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that at 3-, 6-, and 12-months postoperatively, the PLI, BI, PD, CAL, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in Exp 1 group were dramatically inferior to those in Con group (P < 0.01). The PLI, BI, PD, CAL, bacterial counts (rods, cocci, and spirochetes) in Exp 2 group were inferior to those in Con group (P < 0.05) at the same time points. Furthermore, the PLI, BI, PD, CAL, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in Exp 1 group were inferior to those in Exp 2 group (P < 0.05) at 3-, 6-, and 12-months postoperatively. The incidence of PI postoperatively in Exp 1 and Exp 2 groups was 5.66% and 3.77%, respectively, which was dramatically inferior to Con group’s incidence of 9.43% (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that glycine subgingival sandblasting can greatly enhance the periodontal condition of patients undergoing TiNiCr APC restorations, reduce the incidence of PI, and lower the levels of inflammatory factors in the GCF.
{"title":"Effect of Glycine Subgingival Sandblasting on the Incidence of Peri-Implantitis and Expression of Inflammatory Factors in Gingival Crevicular Fluid in Patients with Titanium-Nickel-Chromium Alloy Porcelain-Fused-To-Metal Crowns","authors":"Taohua Pan, Shuo Liu, Qingqing Liu, Minyi Zhang, Lilei Zhu","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4611","url":null,"abstract":"This research was aimed to demonstrate impacts of glycine subgingival sandblasting on peri-implantitis (PI), periodontal clinical parameters, and inflammatory factor expression in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients with titanium-nickel-chromium (TiNiCr) alloy porcelain-fused-to-metal\u0000 crown (APC) restorations. A total of 159 patients with TiNiCr APCs were randomly rolled into glycine subgingival sandblasting group (Exp 1 group), erythritol subgingival sandblasting group (Exp 2 group), and conventional scaling and root planing (SRP) treatment group (Con group), with 53 patients\u0000 in each group. The quantity of oral biofilm was assessed based on plaque staining, and the plaque index (PLI), bleeding index (BI), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) preoperatively (baseline) and at 3-, 6-, and 12-months postoperatively in various groups were compared.\u0000 Microbial species and quantities in the GCF were determined using microbial counting, and the incidence of PI postoperatively was calculated in each group. The inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 in the GCF were\u0000 measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that at 3-, 6-, and 12-months postoperatively, the PLI, BI, PD, CAL, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in Exp 1 group were dramatically inferior to those in Con group (P < 0.01). The PLI, BI,\u0000 PD, CAL, bacterial counts (rods, cocci, and spirochetes) in Exp 2 group were inferior to those in Con group (P < 0.05) at the same time points. Furthermore, the PLI, BI, PD, CAL, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in Exp 1 group were inferior to those in Exp 2 group\u0000 (P < 0.05) at 3-, 6-, and 12-months postoperatively. The incidence of PI postoperatively in Exp 1 and Exp 2 groups was 5.66% and 3.77%, respectively, which was dramatically inferior to Con group’s incidence of 9.43% (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that glycine\u0000 subgingival sandblasting can greatly enhance the periodontal condition of patients undergoing TiNiCr APC restorations, reduce the incidence of PI, and lower the levels of inflammatory factors in the GCF.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140276493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. R. Rosaline, P. Poongothai, Jarvin Mariadhas, S. S. R. Inbanathan, Hassan Fouad, Mohamed H. Mahmoud
In this study, we present an in-depth investigation of cerium oxide (CeO2) thin films synthesized using the doctor blade approach, with polyethylene glycol employed as a binder. A comprehensive characterization employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been conducted to elucidate the structural, chemical, and morphological attributes of the fabricated films. The XRD analysis reveals distinctive wide diffraction peaks indicative of a face-centered cubic CeO2 crystalline structure existing in a singular phase. The morphological analysis using AFM delineates a mean square roughness of 34.54 nm, providing valuable insights into the surface topography of the CeO2 thin films. Additionally, the direct correlation between the material’s band gap, determined as 1.92 eV through UV-visible spectroscopy, and its nanostructural features is established using spectroscopic ellipsometry in conjunction with AFM studies. This approach offers a unique perspective on the optical characteristics of CeO2 films, enhancing our understanding of their nanostructures and facilitating the optimization of their performance for energy applications. Furthermore, the synergistic utilization of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and spectroscopic ellipsometry contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the growth modes and surface characteristics of the thin films. The integration of these advanced techniques not only refines the fabrication process but also provides crucial insights into the intricate interplay between morphology and optical properties, crucial for optimizing thin films for various applications.
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Cerium Oxide Thin Films Fabricated via the Facile Doctor Blade Method","authors":"D. R. Rosaline, P. Poongothai, Jarvin Mariadhas, S. S. R. Inbanathan, Hassan Fouad, Mohamed H. Mahmoud","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4652","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we present an in-depth investigation of cerium oxide (CeO2) thin films synthesized using the doctor blade approach, with polyethylene glycol employed as a binder. A comprehensive characterization employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared\u0000 spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been conducted to elucidate the structural, chemical, and morphological attributes of the fabricated films. The XRD analysis reveals distinctive wide diffraction peaks indicative of a face-centered cubic CeO2\u0000 crystalline structure existing in a singular phase. The morphological analysis using AFM delineates a mean square roughness of 34.54 nm, providing valuable insights into the surface topography of the CeO2 thin films. Additionally, the direct correlation between the material’s\u0000 band gap, determined as 1.92 eV through UV-visible spectroscopy, and its nanostructural features is established using spectroscopic ellipsometry in conjunction with AFM studies. This approach offers a unique perspective on the optical characteristics of CeO2 films, enhancing our\u0000 understanding of their nanostructures and facilitating the optimization of their performance for energy applications. Furthermore, the synergistic utilization of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and spectroscopic ellipsometry contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the growth modes\u0000 and surface characteristics of the thin films. The integration of these advanced techniques not only refines the fabrication process but also provides crucial insights into the intricate interplay between morphology and optical properties, crucial for optimizing thin films for various applications.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140273286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Aldabaan, U. Muddapur, V. Hombalimath, M. Mahnashi, I. Shaikh, M. S. Samdani, Harsh N. Kolvekar, B. A. Mannasaheb, Sadashiv Hiremath, U. Srihari Kashyap, Vaishnavi G. Shetti, A. Khan, Laxmikant R. Patil, S. M. Shakeel Iqubal, Syed Arif Hussain
Lipase enzymes possess a wide range of industrial applications. Thus, the capacity of lipase-producing bacteria to proliferate on tributyrin agar medium was used to screen for them among various sources. The lipase producing bacteria with highest zone of clearance on the screening media were preserved on the agar slants. The preserved slants were characterized by16SrRNA gene sequencing. The nucleotide sequence so obtained by the 16SrRNA gene sequence was then put through phylogenetic analysis and homology search using the NCBI’s BLAST program. The sequence of lipase producing bacteria showed maximum resemblance with Enterobacter hormaechei bacterial strain. These bacterial strains were produced by inoculating the culture in the inoculum media and allowing it to enrich over night. Subsequently, 3% of the inoculum from the inoculum media was added to the production media, which was then incubated for 48 hours in a rotary shaker. After production the media was centrifuged and supernatant was extracted and used further for optimization, Optimization of the physiochemical parameters of the bacterial strain like inoculum pH, incubation period, inoculum size was found using one factor at a time (OFAT) approach and medium parameters like different carbon source, nitrogen source, substrate, minerals, salts (11 factors) were screened using Plackett-Burman (PB) design which is a full factorial design. The Lipase activity was found by using a titrimetric method using olive oil and Arabic gum mixture as substrate mixture. The maximum lipase activity was found for inoculum pH of 5, 48 hours of incubation time, and 5% inoculum size. The results of the PB design showed the significant parameters to be glucose (carbon source), peptone (nitrogen source), KH2PO4 (salt), and NaCl (mineral). The organism of the soil sample containing bacterial strain showed maximum lipase activity of 70 U/ml and protein concentration of 4.3 μg/mL at the optimized conditions. After centrifuging the culture media that had been improved, the supernatant was collected and partially purified using dialysis and the ammonium sulfate precipitation procedure. Following precipitation, the supernatant’s activity was measured to be 74 U/mL. After being gathered, the pallet was dialyzed in a dialysis bag and added to a buffer. Both the protein content and the lipase activity were estimated. The protein concentration determined by Lowry’s technique was found to be 6.2 μg/mL, and the lipase activity was reported to be 85.22 U/mL.
{"title":"Production and Optimization of a Lipase-Producing Bacteria Enterobacter hormachei Isolated from an Oil-Contaminated Soil","authors":"N. Aldabaan, U. Muddapur, V. Hombalimath, M. Mahnashi, I. Shaikh, M. S. Samdani, Harsh N. Kolvekar, B. A. Mannasaheb, Sadashiv Hiremath, U. Srihari Kashyap, Vaishnavi G. Shetti, A. Khan, Laxmikant R. Patil, S. M. Shakeel Iqubal, Syed Arif Hussain","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4620","url":null,"abstract":"Lipase enzymes possess a wide range of industrial applications. Thus, the capacity of lipase-producing bacteria to proliferate on tributyrin agar medium was used to screen for them among various sources. The lipase producing bacteria with highest zone of clearance on the screening media\u0000 were preserved on the agar slants. The preserved slants were characterized by16SrRNA gene sequencing. The nucleotide sequence so obtained by the 16SrRNA gene sequence was then put through phylogenetic analysis and homology search using the NCBI’s BLAST program. The sequence of lipase\u0000 producing bacteria showed maximum resemblance with Enterobacter hormaechei bacterial strain. These bacterial strains were produced by inoculating the culture in the inoculum media and allowing it to enrich over night. Subsequently, 3% of the inoculum from the inoculum media was added\u0000 to the production media, which was then incubated for 48 hours in a rotary shaker. After production the media was centrifuged and supernatant was extracted and used further for optimization, Optimization of the physiochemical parameters of the bacterial strain like inoculum pH, incubation\u0000 period, inoculum size was found using one factor at a time (OFAT) approach and medium parameters like different carbon source, nitrogen source, substrate, minerals, salts (11 factors) were screened using Plackett-Burman (PB) design which is a full factorial design. The Lipase activity was\u0000 found by using a titrimetric method using olive oil and Arabic gum mixture as substrate mixture. The maximum lipase activity was found for inoculum pH of 5, 48 hours of incubation time, and 5% inoculum size. The results of the PB design showed the significant parameters to be glucose (carbon\u0000 source), peptone (nitrogen source), KH2PO4 (salt), and NaCl (mineral). The organism of the soil sample containing bacterial strain showed maximum lipase activity of 70 U/ml and protein concentration of 4.3 μg/mL at the optimized conditions. After centrifuging\u0000 the culture media that had been improved, the supernatant was collected and partially purified using dialysis and the ammonium sulfate precipitation procedure. Following precipitation, the supernatant’s activity was measured to be 74 U/mL. After being gathered, the pallet was dialyzed\u0000 in a dialysis bag and added to a buffer. Both the protein content and the lipase activity were estimated. The protein concentration determined by Lowry’s technique was found to be 6.2 μg/mL, and the lipase activity was reported to be 85.22 U/mL.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140282960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Refractory high-entropy alloys (HEAs) are new potential candidates in high temperature applications. However, most present refractory HEAs are single-phase body-centered cubic (BCC) structure, which is brittle at room temperature. Then strategies to ductile the refractory HEAs and maintain their good high temperature strength at the same time should be under consideration. In the present study, a novel WReOsIr HEA with hexagonal close-packed (HCP) structure was developed. This alloy not only has excellent high-temperature strength (416.7 MPa at 1473 K), but also exhibits good ductility (30.7%) at room temperature. The better room temperature plasticity is found to originate from the deformation twins formed inside the grains.
难熔高熵合金（HEAs）是高温应用领域中新的潜在候选材料。然而，目前大多数耐火高熵合金都是单相体心立方（BCC）结构，在室温下比较脆。因此，应考虑如何使耐火 HEA 具有延展性，同时保持其良好的高温强度。本研究开发了一种具有六方紧密堆积（HCP）结构的新型 WReOsIr HEA。这种合金不仅具有出色的高温强度（1473 K 时为 416.7 兆帕），而且在室温下也表现出良好的延展性（30.7%）。更好的室温塑性源于晶粒内部形成的变形孪晶。
{"title":"A Novel Hexagonal Close-Packed High-Entropy Alloy with Outstanding Strength-Ductility Synergy","authors":"Li-dan Qu, Jia-qiang Ni, Xiao-dan Li, Xiao-nan Wang, Bing-zhi Chen","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4579","url":null,"abstract":"Refractory high-entropy alloys (HEAs) are new potential candidates in high temperature applications. However, most present refractory HEAs are single-phase body-centered cubic (BCC) structure, which is brittle at room temperature. Then strategies to ductile the refractory HEAs and maintain\u0000 their good high temperature strength at the same time should be under consideration. In the present study, a novel WReOsIr HEA with hexagonal close-packed (HCP) structure was developed. This alloy not only has excellent high-temperature strength (416.7 MPa at 1473 K), but also exhibits good\u0000 ductility (30.7%) at room temperature. The better room temperature plasticity is found to originate from the deformation twins formed inside the grains.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140283233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rasha A. Al-Eisa, R. Sami, Amani H. Aljahani, Dania S. Waggas, Sultan J. Alsufyani, M. Helal, Zayed Alsharari, Areej Suliman Al-Meshal, Fatima S. Alaryani, Zeyad M. Alharbi, F. F. Alshehri
Honey, with its diverse chemical, physical, and antibacterial properties, exhibits significant variability depending on the floral origin of the nectar source. Likewise, its therapeutic potential in the context of healing cutaneous burn injuries shows remarkable variation. In this comprehensive two-week study, four distinct honey varieties (Nigella Sativa Honey - NSH, Moringa Honey - MOH, Sidr Honey - SIH, and Pumpkin Honey - PUH), along with Vaseline, were administered as therapeutic interventions in a rat model. The study covered a range of parameters, including wound contraction, neovascularization rates, malondialdehyde (MDA) content determined via colorimetry, and assessments of breaking strength and dry tissue weight. Agar diffusion tests were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of treatments against Streptococcus pyogenes and Klebsiella pneumonia strains. On the 15th day, the MOH-treated group exhibited the most rapid wound contraction at 84.58%, while the Vaseline-treated group showed the slowest at 68.40%. Notably, neovascularization was most pronounced in MOH-treated animals (45.01%), followed by SIH (42.73%), PUH (36.15%), and NSH (31.17%). In contrast, the Vaseline group had the lowest rate at 15.53%. Histological examinations revealed that animals treated with Vaseline had fewer oval-shaped cells compared to honey-treated counterparts. The highest weight loss occurred in the Vaseline group at 42.25% on the 15th day. MDA content was highest in SIH-treated animals (29.18 nmol/mg), followed by MOH (24.01 nmol/mg), PUH (22.88 nmol/mg), and NSH (22.51 nmol/mg), with the Vaseline-treated group having the lowest level at 7.37 nmol/mg. Furthermore, breaking strength was highest in rats treated with NSH ointment (755.29 g), followed by PUH (739.55 g), SIH (613.11 g), and MOH (600.32 g), while the Vaseline group had the lowest strength at 359.3 g. Similarly, the greatest dry tissue weight was observed in rats treated with PUH ointment (188.79 mg), followed by NSH (182.34 mg), SIH (179.15 mg), MOH (176.15 mg), while the Vaseline group had the lowest dry tissue weight at 101.17 mg. Notably, NSH-treated animals exhibited a reduction in Streptococcus pyogenes growth (5.76 mm) compared to the Vaseline group (19.68 mm), while MOH-treated animals displayed decreased Klebsiellapneumoniae growth (5.33 mm) compared to the Vaseline group (17.42 mm). These results collectively emphasize the comparable efficacy of honey in facilitating burn wound healing.
{"title":"Gamma-Irradiated Honey: Its Medicinal Efficacy and Biological Activities for Burned Skin in a Rat Model","authors":"Rasha A. Al-Eisa, R. Sami, Amani H. Aljahani, Dania S. Waggas, Sultan J. Alsufyani, M. Helal, Zayed Alsharari, Areej Suliman Al-Meshal, Fatima S. Alaryani, Zeyad M. Alharbi, F. F. Alshehri","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4604","url":null,"abstract":"Honey, with its diverse chemical, physical, and antibacterial properties, exhibits significant variability depending on the floral origin of the nectar source. Likewise, its therapeutic potential in the context of healing cutaneous burn injuries shows remarkable variation. In this comprehensive\u0000 two-week study, four distinct honey varieties (Nigella Sativa Honey - NSH, Moringa Honey - MOH, Sidr Honey - SIH, and Pumpkin Honey - PUH), along with Vaseline, were administered as therapeutic interventions in a rat model. The study covered a range of parameters, including wound contraction,\u0000 neovascularization rates, malondialdehyde (MDA) content determined via colorimetry, and assessments of breaking strength and dry tissue weight. Agar diffusion tests were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of treatments against Streptococcus pyogenes and Klebsiella pneumonia strains.\u0000 On the 15th day, the MOH-treated group exhibited the most rapid wound contraction at 84.58%, while the Vaseline-treated group showed the slowest at 68.40%. Notably, neovascularization was most pronounced in MOH-treated animals (45.01%), followed by SIH (42.73%), PUH (36.15%), and NSH (31.17%).\u0000 In contrast, the Vaseline group had the lowest rate at 15.53%. Histological examinations revealed that animals treated with Vaseline had fewer oval-shaped cells compared to honey-treated counterparts. The highest weight loss occurred in the Vaseline group at 42.25% on the 15th day. MDA content\u0000 was highest in SIH-treated animals (29.18 nmol/mg), followed by MOH (24.01 nmol/mg), PUH (22.88 nmol/mg), and NSH (22.51 nmol/mg), with the Vaseline-treated group having the lowest level at 7.37 nmol/mg. Furthermore, breaking strength was highest in rats treated with NSH ointment (755.29 g),\u0000 followed by PUH (739.55 g), SIH (613.11 g), and MOH (600.32 g), while the Vaseline group had the lowest strength at 359.3 g. Similarly, the greatest dry tissue weight was observed in rats treated with PUH ointment (188.79 mg), followed by NSH (182.34 mg), SIH (179.15 mg), MOH (176.15 mg),\u0000 while the Vaseline group had the lowest dry tissue weight at 101.17 mg. Notably, NSH-treated animals exhibited a reduction in Streptococcus pyogenes growth (5.76 mm) compared to the Vaseline group (19.68 mm), while MOH-treated animals displayed decreased Klebsiellapneumoniae\u0000 growth (5.33 mm) compared to the Vaseline group (17.42 mm). These results collectively emphasize the comparable efficacy of honey in facilitating burn wound healing.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140270157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hassan A Albarqi, Mohammad Zaki Ahmad, Thamer H Albekairi, Eyad M. Alqhamdi, Saad S. Albawardi, Javed Ahmad, Rasha Saad Alshahrani, M. Algahtani, A. Alqahtani, Ali S. Alasiri, Ismail A Walbi
Wound healing is a complex biological process involving a series of coordinated cellular and molecular events to restore tissue integrity and functionality. Challenges in achieving optimal wound healing have prompted the search for innovative therapeutic strategies. In recent years, nanotechnology-based approaches have gained attention for their potential in promoting wound healing outcomes. Silymarin, a natural polyphenolic compound, possesses diverse therapeutic properties including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound healing effects. Loading these compounds in a chitosan-based nanoemulgel formulation enhances their stability, bioavailability, and targeted delivery to the wound site. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of silymarin nanoemulsion-loaded chitosan gel (SLY-CS-NEG) through in vitro and in vivo experiments. The evaluation encompassed wound closure percentage, inflammation reduction, and tissue regeneration assessments. The selected formulation No (F6) of SLY-CS-NEG, boasted remarkable characteristics, with a mean droplet size of 49.94±0.21 nm, a negative surface charge of −29.9±0.61, and sustained drug release over the 24 h. Animal experiments unveiled that SLY-CS-NEG significantly promoted wound healing compared to the control group. The results of this study demonstrated that the nanomedicine-based approach utilizing chitosan and nanoemulsion technology presents an innovative solution to overcome the limitations of silymarin and advance wound healing therapies.
{"title":"Investigating the Wound Healing Activity of Silymarin Nanoemulsion Loaded in Chitosan Gel","authors":"Hassan A Albarqi, Mohammad Zaki Ahmad, Thamer H Albekairi, Eyad M. Alqhamdi, Saad S. Albawardi, Javed Ahmad, Rasha Saad Alshahrani, M. Algahtani, A. Alqahtani, Ali S. Alasiri, Ismail A Walbi","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4632","url":null,"abstract":"Wound healing is a complex biological process involving a series of coordinated cellular and molecular events to restore tissue integrity and functionality. Challenges in achieving optimal wound healing have prompted the search for innovative therapeutic strategies. In recent years,\u0000 nanotechnology-based approaches have gained attention for their potential in promoting wound healing outcomes. Silymarin, a natural polyphenolic compound, possesses diverse therapeutic properties including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound healing effects. Loading these compounds in\u0000 a chitosan-based nanoemulgel formulation enhances their stability, bioavailability, and targeted delivery to the wound site. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of silymarin nanoemulsion-loaded chitosan gel (SLY-CS-NEG) through in vitro and in vivo experiments. The evaluation\u0000 encompassed wound closure percentage, inflammation reduction, and tissue regeneration assessments. The selected formulation No (F6) of SLY-CS-NEG, boasted remarkable characteristics, with a mean droplet size of 49.94±0.21 nm, a negative surface charge of −29.9±0.61, and\u0000 sustained drug release over the 24 h. Animal experiments unveiled that SLY-CS-NEG significantly promoted wound healing compared to the control group. The results of this study demonstrated that the nanomedicine-based approach utilizing chitosan and nanoemulsion technology presents an innovative\u0000 solution to overcome the limitations of silymarin and advance wound healing therapies.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140280339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenduo Wu, Jian Qiao, Zongan Li, Lijun Yang, Ye Wu
Thermal parameters including entropy, specific heat and thermal energy of a nanobody containing lithium niobates are theoretically investigated. When zero-index is present, these thermal quantities are controllable via the manipulation of optical parameters and geometry. Our exploration is started from the calculation of the thermal parameters in the THz gap, whose wavelength is ranging from 30 μm to 3 mm. It can be noted that the value of the entropy and specific heat is increasing when the wavelength is increasing in this optical range. Furthermore, we investigate its thermal behavior in the case of long wavelength, ranging from 3 mm to 650 m. It can be found that the variation of the entropy, the specific heat and the thermal energy from positive to negative, which indicates the transition from the thermal radiation to thermal absorption. Still, we calculate the value of critical temperature associate with the zero-index, it can be seen that these values of the temperature is modulated by the combining of the optical parameter and the wavelength. Several transitions of the thermal energy from the positive value to negative value can be seen. Our study shows potential and flexible application of optics in modulating the thermal quantities.
{"title":"Optical Controlling of Thermal Parameters in a Nano-Body Containing Lithium Niobates Molecules","authors":"Zhenduo Wu, Jian Qiao, Zongan Li, Lijun Yang, Ye Wu","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4589","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal parameters including entropy, specific heat and thermal energy of a nanobody containing lithium niobates are theoretically investigated. When zero-index is present, these thermal quantities are controllable via the manipulation of optical parameters and geometry. Our exploration\u0000 is started from the calculation of the thermal parameters in the THz gap, whose wavelength is ranging from 30 μm to 3 mm. It can be noted that the value of the entropy and specific heat is increasing when the wavelength is increasing in this optical range. Furthermore, we investigate\u0000 its thermal behavior in the case of long wavelength, ranging from 3 mm to 650 m. It can be found that the variation of the entropy, the specific heat and the thermal energy from positive to negative, which indicates the transition from the thermal radiation to thermal absorption. Still, we\u0000 calculate the value of critical temperature associate with the zero-index, it can be seen that these values of the temperature is modulated by the combining of the optical parameter and the wavelength. Several transitions of the thermal energy from the positive value to negative value can\u0000 be seen. Our study shows potential and flexible application of optics in modulating the thermal quantities.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140282059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Serious ocean oil spills have led to shocking ecological disasters and environmental crises over the past few decades. However, owing to their intermittent mode, the present oil/water separation and collection processes generally suffer from time-consuming, complicated and expensive steps. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a facile way to consecutively separate and collect oil from oil-water mix in a one-step way. Herein, via coextrusion molding, the porous polymer (high desity polyethylene (HDPE)) microfiber tube (PPMT) was facilely fabricated. It shows high porosity (76.2±4.1%), excellent oleophilicity (OCA of 0ž) and good hydrophobicity (WCA of 135ž), resulting in decent absorption capacity of various organic pollutants (in the range of 170–350 wt.%). More interestingly, it is able to consecutively separate and collect oil from following oil-water mix and avoids secondary operation (such as extra desorption), successfully achieving efficient one-step method for oil-water separating & collecting (with a separation efficiency of 97.4%±4.7% at the average flux of 0.28 ml/s). This work proposes a novel concept for preparing porous polymer tube composed of microfibrils via a low-cost, facile and effcient method, offering an innovative way to construct the functional structure following the idea of polymer “structuring” processing.
{"title":"Facilely Fabricated Porous Polymer Microfiber Tube Toward Continuous Oil-Water Separating","authors":"Jiulong Shi, Fei Peng, Rongrui Chen, Tingting Shan, Juan Guo, Chaojun Gao, Guoqiang Zheng","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4629","url":null,"abstract":"Serious ocean oil spills have led to shocking ecological disasters and environmental crises over the past few decades. However, owing to their intermittent mode, the present oil/water separation and collection processes generally suffer from time-consuming, complicated and expensive\u0000 steps. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a facile way to consecutively separate and collect oil from oil-water mix in a one-step way. Herein, via coextrusion molding, the porous polymer (high desity polyethylene (HDPE)) microfiber tube (PPMT) was facilely fabricated. It shows high porosity\u0000 (76.2±4.1%), excellent oleophilicity (OCA of 0ž) and good hydrophobicity (WCA of 135ž), resulting in decent absorption capacity of various organic pollutants (in the range of 170–350 wt.%). More interestingly, it is able to consecutively separate and collect oil\u0000 from following oil-water mix and avoids secondary operation (such as extra desorption), successfully achieving efficient one-step method for oil-water separating & collecting (with a separation efficiency of 97.4%±4.7% at the average flux of 0.28 ml/s). This work proposes a novel\u0000 concept for preparing porous polymer tube composed of microfibrils via a low-cost, facile and effcient method, offering an innovative way to construct the functional structure following the idea of polymer “structuring” processing.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140283628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The application value of titanium dioxide (TiO2)/graphene nanocomposites in photothermal therapy of pancreatic cancer (PC) was explored. Using scale graphite as raw material, graphene was obtained by Hummer oxidation method and hydrazine hydrate reduction method, and then TiO2/graphene nanocomposites were prepared by ultrasonic heating. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and degraded methyl orange solution were adopted to detect the surface structure, particle size, element morphology, and photocatalytic activity under different composite ratios, different sonication times, and different heating temperatures. Human normal pancreatic ductal epithelial cell line HPDE6-C7 and human metastatic PC cell AsPC-1 were adopted as research models. The cytotoxicity of TiO2/graphene nanocomposites and the killing effect of photothermal therapy based on TiO2/graphene nanocomposites were analyzed by water soluble tetrazolium salt colorimetric assay (WST-1) and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium salt colorimetric assay (MTT). The results suggested that when the ratio of graphene to TiO2 was 50:1, the ultrasonic time was 100 min, and the heating temperature was 200 °C, TiO2 was better attached to the surface of graphene, the distribution of particles was relatively more uniform, and the concentration of methyl orange was relatively lowest. The XRD pattern showed that the diffraction peak of the doped TiO2/graphene nanocomposite was basically the same as that of the pure TiO2. When the ultrasonic time was 100 min, the diffraction peak intensity in the XRD pattern was the largest. As for AsPC-1 cells, the cell viability was obviously lower than 0.1/1/10/100 μm/mL when the concentration of TiO2/graphene nanocomposites was 500 μm/mL (P <0.05). For HPDE6-C7 cells, when the concentration of TiO2/graphene nanocomposites was 100 and 500 μm/mL, the cell viability was obviously lower than 0.1/1/10 μm/mL (P <0.05), and 500 μm/mL was the lowest. The cell killing rate in group D was clearly higher as against groups A, B, and C (P <0.05). Graphene: The optimal preparation conditions of TiO2/graphene nanocomposites are 50:1, 100 min of ultrasound time, and 200 μC of composite temperature. The photothermal therapy based on TiO2/graphene nanocomposites can effectively kill PC cells, and has a good potential in the field of hyperthermia for pancreatic tumors.
{"title":"Graphene Nanocomposites in the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer","authors":"Yan Wang","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4617","url":null,"abstract":"The application value of titanium dioxide (TiO2)/graphene nanocomposites in photothermal therapy of pancreatic cancer (PC) was explored. Using scale graphite as raw material, graphene was obtained by Hummer oxidation method and hydrazine hydrate reduction method, and then\u0000 TiO2/graphene nanocomposites were prepared by ultrasonic heating. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and degraded methyl orange solution were adopted to detect the surface structure, particle size, element morphology, and photocatalytic activity under different\u0000 composite ratios, different sonication times, and different heating temperatures. Human normal pancreatic ductal epithelial cell line HPDE6-C7 and human metastatic PC cell AsPC-1 were adopted as research models. The cytotoxicity of TiO2/graphene nanocomposites and the killing effect\u0000 of photothermal therapy based on TiO2/graphene nanocomposites were analyzed by water soluble tetrazolium salt colorimetric assay (WST-1) and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium salt colorimetric assay (MTT). The results suggested that when the ratio of graphene to TiO2 was 50:1,\u0000 the ultrasonic time was 100 min, and the heating temperature was 200 °C, TiO2 was better attached to the surface of graphene, the distribution of particles was relatively more uniform, and the concentration of methyl orange was relatively lowest. The XRD pattern showed that\u0000 the diffraction peak of the doped TiO2/graphene nanocomposite was basically the same as that of the pure TiO2. When the ultrasonic time was 100 min, the diffraction peak intensity in the XRD pattern was the largest. As for AsPC-1 cells, the cell viability was obviously\u0000 lower than 0.1/1/10/100 μm/mL when the concentration of TiO2/graphene nanocomposites was 500 μm/mL (P <0.05). For HPDE6-C7 cells, when the concentration of TiO2/graphene nanocomposites was 100 and 500 μm/mL, the cell viability was\u0000 obviously lower than 0.1/1/10 μm/mL (P <0.05), and 500 μm/mL was the lowest. The cell killing rate in group D was clearly higher as against groups A, B, and C (P <0.05). Graphene: The optimal preparation conditions of TiO2/graphene nanocomposites\u0000 are 50:1, 100 min of ultrasound time, and 200 μC of composite temperature. The photothermal therapy based on TiO2/graphene nanocomposites can effectively kill PC cells, and has a good potential in the field of hyperthermia for pancreatic tumors.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140465664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this research aimed to analyze the effects of degradable mifepristone nano-drug delivery system (DDS) on the ultrastructure, proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis of adenomyosis cells. Drug-loaded nanoparticles (DNPs) of poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) were prepared. The particle size distribution and surface Zeta potential (SZP) of nanoparticles (NPs) were detected. The morphology of NPS was subjected to observation by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Adenomyosis lesion cells were cultured by tissue digestion method, and the cell morphology was observed and identified. The cells were divided into blank control (NC), mifepristone, and mifepristone/PLGA groups. The cell proliferation, ultrastructure, apoptosis, and the expression of Survivin, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 were detected by MTT, TEM, flow cytometry (FC), and immuno-histochemistry, respectively. The results suggested that the average particle size of mifepristone/PLGA NPs was (185.6±12.9) nm, and the SZP was (−9.5±0.9) mV. It presented the characteristics of circularity, uniform distribution, and smooth surface under TEM. As against the raw drug mifepristone, the release time of mifepristone/PLGA NPs was prolonged, and the drug release rate reached 87.4% at 72 h. As against NC, the cell proliferation rate (CPR) was clearly decreased, the apoptosis rate (AR) was increased, and Survivin, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 had a decrease in mifepristone and mifepristone/PLGA groups (P <0.05). As against mifepristone group, the CPR was clearly decreased, the AR was increased, and Survivin, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 had a decrease in mifepristone/PLGA group (P <0.05). In conclusion, mifepristone PLGA DNPs were able to delay drug release. Mifepristone can inhibit angiogenesis and promote apoptosis of adenomyosis by affecting the expression of Survivin, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2, thus playing a role in the treatment of adenomyosis.
{"title":"Effect of Biodegradable Mifepristone Drug Delivery System on the Ultrastructure and Angiogenesis Related Factors of Adenomyosis Cells","authors":"Jianhua Wang","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4613","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research aimed to analyze the effects of degradable mifepristone nano-drug delivery system (DDS) on the ultrastructure, proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis of adenomyosis cells. Drug-loaded nanoparticles (DNPs) of poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) were prepared.\u0000 The particle size distribution and surface Zeta potential (SZP) of nanoparticles (NPs) were detected. The morphology of NPS was subjected to observation by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Adenomyosis lesion cells were cultured by tissue digestion method, and the cell morphology was\u0000 observed and identified. The cells were divided into blank control (NC), mifepristone, and mifepristone/PLGA groups. The cell proliferation, ultrastructure, apoptosis, and the expression of Survivin, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 were detected by MTT, TEM, flow cytometry (FC), and immuno-histochemistry,\u0000 respectively. The results suggested that the average particle size of mifepristone/PLGA NPs was (185.6±12.9) nm, and the SZP was (−9.5±0.9) mV. It presented the characteristics of circularity, uniform distribution, and smooth surface under TEM. As against the raw drug mifepristone,\u0000 the release time of mifepristone/PLGA NPs was prolonged, and the drug release rate reached 87.4% at 72 h. As against NC, the cell proliferation rate (CPR) was clearly decreased, the apoptosis rate (AR) was increased, and Survivin, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 had a decrease in mifepristone and mifepristone/PLGA\u0000 groups (P <0.05). As against mifepristone group, the CPR was clearly decreased, the AR was increased, and Survivin, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 had a decrease in mifepristone/PLGA group (P <0.05). In conclusion, mifepristone PLGA DNPs were able to delay drug release. Mifepristone\u0000 can inhibit angiogenesis and promote apoptosis of adenomyosis by affecting the expression of Survivin, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2, thus playing a role in the treatment of adenomyosis.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140464219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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