Bamboo activated carbon (BAC) has excellent specific capacitance among electrode materials, but the important challenges of it are the insufficient energy density and power density currently. Herein, a facile method for the preparation of strong performance MnO/Mn3O4/C composites by putting BAC into KMnO4 solution and annealing in tube furnace. Interestingly, by controlling the reaction time and substrate concentration of BAC and KMnO4, it is possible to control not only the amount of MnOx doping, but also to change the ratio between MnOx, and thereby the electrochemical properties of MnOx/C was improved. Since BAC had a bilayer capacitance and manganese oxides could bring pseudo-capacitance to the materials, when the experimental conditions were reaction time and concentration of 20 min and 20 g/L respectively, the Mn content of the composite was 19.91% and it also had a excellent performance with 422.8 F/g of specific capacitance. In addition, the power and energy density were 30.76 Wh/kg and 3460 W/kg, respectively. It provided a basis for effectively improving the electrochemical performance of carbon-based electrode materials.
{"title":"Preparation of Manganese Oxide/Bamboo Activated Carbon Electrode Materials with Excellent Electrochemical Performance","authors":"Wen-xuan Tong, Ting Yu, Yan-ying Xiong, Yin-ni Qiu, Yun-qi Yu, Cai-lin Wen, Zhan-cai Zheng, Li-hui Chen, Liu-lian Huang, Xia-xing Zhou","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4654","url":null,"abstract":"Bamboo activated carbon (BAC) has excellent specific capacitance among electrode materials, but the important challenges of it are the insufficient energy density and power density currently. Herein, a facile method for the preparation of strong performance MnO/Mn3O4/C\u0000 composites by putting BAC into KMnO4 solution and annealing in tube furnace. Interestingly, by controlling the reaction time and substrate concentration of BAC and KMnO4, it is possible to control not only the amount of MnOx doping, but also to change the ratio\u0000 between MnOx, and thereby the electrochemical properties of MnOx/C was improved. Since BAC had a bilayer capacitance and manganese oxides could bring pseudo-capacitance to the materials, when the experimental conditions were reaction time and concentration of 20 min and\u0000 20 g/L respectively, the Mn content of the composite was 19.91% and it also had a excellent performance with 422.8 F/g of specific capacitance. In addition, the power and energy density were 30.76 Wh/kg and 3460 W/kg, respectively. It provided a basis for effectively improving the electrochemical\u0000 performance of carbon-based electrode materials.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140778761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research was aimed to investigate the effects of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract on oxidative stress and apoptosis in septic cardiomyocytes, focusing on the role of the miR-370/FOXO1 regulatory pathway. The major components of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. In vitro cardiomyocytes were utilized as the research subjects, with control (Con) group cardiomyocytes obtained from normal individuals, experimental (Exp) group cardiomyocytes obtained from patients with septic cardiomyocyte injury, and treatment (Tre) group cardiomyocytes obtained from septic cardiomyocyte injury patients treated with Ginkgo biloba leaf extract. Western blot and real-time fluorescence quantification techniques were employed to investigate cell apoptosis, changes in antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as well as alterations in key proteins involved in oxidative stress and the miR-370/FOXO1 regulatory pathway. The results showed that the main components of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract included total flavonoids and total Ginkgo biloba acid. Treatment with Ginkgo biloba leaf extract markedly reduced oxidative stress levels and exhibited a notable decrease in apoptosis rate. The SOD concentration in Exp group cells was greatly decreased (P <0.05), and the SOD concentration in Tre group cells was drastically inferior to that in Exp group (P <0.05). The MDA concentration in Exp group cells was notably increased (P <0.05), while the MDA concentration in Tre group cells was drastically inferior to that in Exp group (P <0.05). The levels of Caspase-3, Caspase-6, Bax/BCL-2, and FOXO1 proteins were markedly elevated in Exp group cardiomyocytes (P <0.05), while miR-370 was greatly reduced (P <0.05). In Tre group cardiomyocytes, the levels of Caspase-3, Caspase-6, Bax/BCL-2, and FOXO1 proteins were drastically inferior to those in Exp group (P <0.05), and miR-370 was notably superior to Exp group (P < 0.05). In summary, Ginkgo biloba leaf extract can inhibit oxidative stress and apoptosis in septic cardiomyocytes by modulating the miR-370/FOXO1 pathway, providing a novel approach for the treatment of septic cardiomyocyte injury.
{"title":"Inhibitory Effect of Ginkgo biloba Extract on Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis of Myocardial Cells in Sepsis by Regulating miR-370/FOXO1","authors":"Hai Lin, Yunwei Rao, Jinrong Yi","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4644","url":null,"abstract":"This research was aimed to investigate the effects of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract on oxidative stress and apoptosis in septic cardiomyocytes, focusing on the role of the miR-370/FOXO1 regulatory pathway. The major components of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract were determined\u0000 using high-performance liquid chromatography. In vitro cardiomyocytes were utilized as the research subjects, with control (Con) group cardiomyocytes obtained from normal individuals, experimental (Exp) group cardiomyocytes obtained from patients with septic cardiomyocyte injury, and\u0000 treatment (Tre) group cardiomyocytes obtained from septic cardiomyocyte injury patients treated with Ginkgo biloba leaf extract. Western blot and real-time fluorescence quantification techniques were employed to investigate cell apoptosis, changes in antioxidative enzymes superoxide\u0000 dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as well as alterations in key proteins involved in oxidative stress and the miR-370/FOXO1 regulatory pathway. The results showed that the main components of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract included total flavonoids and total Ginkgo biloba\u0000 acid. Treatment with Ginkgo biloba leaf extract markedly reduced oxidative stress levels and exhibited a notable decrease in apoptosis rate. The SOD concentration in Exp group cells was greatly decreased (P <0.05), and the SOD concentration in Tre group cells was drastically\u0000 inferior to that in Exp group (P <0.05). The MDA concentration in Exp group cells was notably increased (P <0.05), while the MDA concentration in Tre group cells was drastically inferior to that in Exp group (P <0.05). The levels of Caspase-3, Caspase-6, Bax/BCL-2,\u0000 and FOXO1 proteins were markedly elevated in Exp group cardiomyocytes (P <0.05), while miR-370 was greatly reduced (P <0.05). In Tre group cardiomyocytes, the levels of Caspase-3, Caspase-6, Bax/BCL-2, and FOXO1 proteins were drastically inferior to those in Exp group (P\u0000 <0.05), and miR-370 was notably superior to Exp group (P < 0.05). In summary, Ginkgo biloba leaf extract can inhibit oxidative stress and apoptosis in septic cardiomyocytes by modulating the miR-370/FOXO1 pathway, providing a novel approach for the treatment of septic cardiomyocyte\u0000 injury.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140781669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The pollution problem caused by mercury ions (Hg2+) is becoming increasingly serious, and it is imperative to establish a methodology that is tailored to the precise identification of Hg2+. Phosphorus-doped biomass carbon quantum dots (P-BCQDs) with cyan fluorescence were synthesized via a hydrothermal approach, utilizing willow leaves as the carbon precursor and sodium pyrophosphate as a modifying agent. The morphology and optical properties of P-BCQDs were analyzed, and the results showed that P-BCQDs had a spherical structure, uniform dispersion, and particle size at 2.0±0.5 nm. Based on the principle that P-BCQDs bind to Hg2+ to burst the fluorescence, the P-BCQDs have an optimal time of 2 min for the detection of Hg2+, and the optimal pH = 7, with cHg2+ ranging from 0–20 μmol/L. The linear relationship was achieved with the detection limit of 9 nmol/L. The spiked recovery experiments were conducted in actual water samples. The recoveries exhibited a range of 95.0% to 105.0%, accompanied by Sr ranging from 1.6% to 2.8%, which indicated that the proposed methodology is applicable for the quantification of Hg2+.
{"title":"A Fluorescent Sensor Based on P-Doped Biomass Carbon Quantum Dots for Selective Detection of Hg2+","authors":"Wen He, S. Lim, R. Baini, Yanping Qu, Hai-Yu Zhou","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4662","url":null,"abstract":"The pollution problem caused by mercury ions (Hg2+) is becoming increasingly serious, and it is imperative to establish a methodology that is tailored to the precise identification of Hg2+. Phosphorus-doped biomass carbon quantum dots (P-BCQDs) with cyan fluorescence\u0000 were synthesized via a hydrothermal approach, utilizing willow leaves as the carbon precursor and sodium pyrophosphate as a modifying agent. The morphology and optical properties of P-BCQDs were analyzed, and the results showed that P-BCQDs had a spherical structure, uniform dispersion, and\u0000 particle size at 2.0±0.5 nm. Based on the principle that P-BCQDs bind to Hg2+ to burst the fluorescence, the P-BCQDs have an optimal time of 2 min for the detection of Hg2+, and the optimal pH = 7, with cHg2+ ranging from 0–20 μmol/L.\u0000 The linear relationship was achieved with the detection limit of 9 nmol/L. The spiked recovery experiments were conducted in actual water samples. The recoveries exhibited a range of 95.0% to 105.0%, accompanied by Sr ranging from 1.6% to 2.8%, which indicated that the proposed methodology\u0000 is applicable for the quantification of Hg2+.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140767458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kai Du, Jiao Yang, Gaojie Li, Yapeng Li, Zewen Gan
The paper describes a methodology for fabricating hollow microspheres of tin dioxide by utilizing carbonaceous saccharide microspheres as templates. The fabricated SnO2 microspheres exhibit uniform morphology and high crystallinity, which were verified with X-ray diffraction analyses and electron microscopy images. Through controlling different solvent and heating rate, we can accurately control the uniformity, dispersion and surface morphology of the hollow microspheres. Additionally, the study explored the utilization of the prepared SnO2 hollow microspheres and SnO2 nanoparticles in the degradation of Rhodamine B as detected by ultraviolet ray. Test data results indicated that the photocatalytic efficiency of SnO2 hollow microspheres surpassed that of the nanoparticles, attributed to the former’s multi-level reflection of light, resulting in effective light utilization. The hollow SnO2 microspheres can serve as an excellent candidate for a photocatalyst, and this controllable yet sample synthesis route is anticipated to be employed for production of numerous hollow metal oxide structures with superior photoelectric properties.
本文介绍了一种以碳糖微球为模板制造二氧化锡空心微球的方法。经 X 射线衍射分析和电子显微镜图像验证，制备的二氧化锡微球形态均匀、结晶度高。通过控制不同的溶剂和加热速率，我们可以精确地控制空心微球的均匀性、分散性和表面形貌。此外，研究还探讨了制备的二氧化锡空心微球和二氧化锡纳米粒子在紫外线检测罗丹明 B 降解中的应用。测试数据结果表明，二氧化锡空心微球的光催化效率超过了纳米粒子，这是因为前者能对光进行多级反射，从而有效地利用了光。二氧化锡空心微球可作为光催化剂的理想候选材料，这种可控的样品合成路线有望用于生产多种具有优异光电性能的空心金属氧化物结构。
{"title":"Template Synthesis of SnO2 Hollow Microspheres and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity","authors":"Kai Du, Jiao Yang, Gaojie Li, Yapeng Li, Zewen Gan","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4655","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes a methodology for fabricating hollow microspheres of tin dioxide by utilizing carbonaceous saccharide microspheres as templates. The fabricated SnO2 microspheres exhibit uniform morphology and high crystallinity, which were verified with X-ray diffraction\u0000 analyses and electron microscopy images. Through controlling different solvent and heating rate, we can accurately control the uniformity, dispersion and surface morphology of the hollow microspheres. Additionally, the study explored the utilization of the prepared SnO2 hollow microspheres\u0000 and SnO2 nanoparticles in the degradation of Rhodamine B as detected by ultraviolet ray. Test data results indicated that the photocatalytic efficiency of SnO2 hollow microspheres surpassed that of the nanoparticles, attributed to the former’s multi-level reflection\u0000 of light, resulting in effective light utilization. The hollow SnO2 microspheres can serve as an excellent candidate for a photocatalyst, and this controllable yet sample synthesis route is anticipated to be employed for production of numerous hollow metal oxide structures with\u0000 superior photoelectric properties.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140779329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanotechnology is increasingly transforming healthcare and patient care. It also affects the distribution of drugs. To adapt to these changes in drug delivery, doctors need to educate and prepare themselves. To achieve the right treatment, doctors and examiners need to understand the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of nanomedicines. Also, researchers have confirmed the unique role of herbal nanoparticles in treating several cancers and their efficacy in healthcare and nursing. Herbal nanoparticles have demonstrated their efficacy across several Gram-positive and negative bacteria and various types of cancers. Traditional carcinoma treatment options such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy have the potential to enhance the patient’s well-being in certain instances, but they are consistently linked to notable adverse reactions. The investigation involved examining the efficacies of a tin nanoparticles green formulation created by Mellissa officinalis on human lung cancer cells. To assess the nanoparticles’ efficacy against lung cancer and their cytotoxicity against HUVEC cell line, the MTT examination was followed. The MTT results indicated that a concentration of 220, 151, 125, and 174 μg/ml of nanoparticles are the IC50. Furthermore, the carcinoma cells survival rate decreased with increasing concentrations of nanoparticles, with no viable cells observed at a 1000 μg/ml concentration after 72 hours. The highest cytotoxicity was observed at a 1000 μg/ml concentration. The study also revealed that the antioxidant activity peaked at 1000 μg/ml, exceeding 100%.
{"title":"Mellissa officinalis Leaf Aqueous Extract Green-Formulated Nanoparticles as a new Chemotherapeutic Drug in the Field of Healthcare and Nursing: Determination of Anti-Cancer, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxicity Effects","authors":"Shan Fang, Yuan Li, Wenjuan Wu, Kun He","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4645","url":null,"abstract":"Nanotechnology is increasingly transforming healthcare and patient care. It also affects the distribution of drugs. To adapt to these changes in drug delivery, doctors need to educate and prepare themselves. To achieve the right treatment, doctors and examiners need to understand the\u0000 metabolism and pharmacokinetics of nanomedicines. Also, researchers have confirmed the unique role of herbal nanoparticles in treating several cancers and their efficacy in healthcare and nursing. Herbal nanoparticles have demonstrated their efficacy across several Gram-positive and negative\u0000 bacteria and various types of cancers. Traditional carcinoma treatment options such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy have the potential to enhance the patient’s well-being in certain instances, but they are consistently linked to notable adverse reactions. The investigation involved\u0000 examining the efficacies of a tin nanoparticles green formulation created by Mellissa officinalis on human lung cancer cells. To assess the nanoparticles’ efficacy against lung cancer and their cytotoxicity against HUVEC cell line, the MTT examination was followed. The MTT results\u0000 indicated that a concentration of 220, 151, 125, and 174 μg/ml of nanoparticles are the IC50. Furthermore, the carcinoma cells survival rate decreased with increasing concentrations of nanoparticles, with no viable cells observed at a 1000 μg/ml concentration after 72 hours.\u0000 The highest cytotoxicity was observed at a 1000 μg/ml concentration. The study also revealed that the antioxidant activity peaked at 1000 μg/ml, exceeding 100%.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140772872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research delves into the realm of advanced composite materials, focusing on the preparation and mechanical properties of Cu-plated graphene (Cu@rGO) and its comparison with copper-plated graphite (Cu@G). The electroless plating method was employed to create Cu@rGO and Cu@G, which were subsequently mixed with copper powder and pressed, leading to the formation of Cu@rGO/Cu and Cu@G/Cu composites through vacuum sintering. A meticulous analysis of the mechanical properties, specifically hardness and compression strength, was conducted. Our findings reveal intriguing trends in the mechanical behavior of these composites. In Cu@rGO/Cu sintered bodies, the hardness and compressive strength exhibit an increase with rising Cu@rGO content, up to 1.2 wt.%. Conversely, under analogous conditions, Cu@G/Cu sintered bodies display a decrease in both hardness and compressive strength as the Cu@G content rises. This research not only contributes valuable insights into the preparation techniques of these composites but also sheds light on the nuanced mechanical responses associated with varying reinforcement phases. The implications of these findings extend to diverse engineering applications, paving the way for optimized designs and applications of graphene-enhanced copper composites.
{"title":"Preparation and Properties of Cu-Plated Graphene/Cu Composites","authors":"Baoliang Liu, Wenxin Wei, Changqing Li","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4663","url":null,"abstract":"This research delves into the realm of advanced composite materials, focusing on the preparation and mechanical properties of Cu-plated graphene (Cu@rGO) and its comparison with copper-plated graphite (Cu@G). The electroless plating method was employed to create Cu@rGO and Cu@G, which\u0000 were subsequently mixed with copper powder and pressed, leading to the formation of Cu@rGO/Cu and Cu@G/Cu composites through vacuum sintering. A meticulous analysis of the mechanical properties, specifically hardness and compression strength, was conducted. Our findings reveal intriguing trends\u0000 in the mechanical behavior of these composites. In Cu@rGO/Cu sintered bodies, the hardness and compressive strength exhibit an increase with rising Cu@rGO content, up to 1.2 wt.%. Conversely, under analogous conditions, Cu@G/Cu sintered bodies display a decrease in both hardness and compressive\u0000 strength as the Cu@G content rises. This research not only contributes valuable insights into the preparation techniques of these composites but also sheds light on the nuanced mechanical responses associated with varying reinforcement phases. The implications of these findings extend to diverse\u0000 engineering applications, paving the way for optimized designs and applications of graphene-enhanced copper composites.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140796879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Owamah, Hilary Uguru, L. O. Umukoro, O. Akpokodje, M. Helal, R. Sami, G. Alshehry, Eman Algarni, Nada Abdelhai, Suzan A. Abushal, N. I. Aljuraide
The quest for sustainable construction materials is rapidly increasing; due to health hazards associated the traditional construction items. This research goal is to investigate how sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA), crushed periwinkle shells (CPS) and cassava starch (CS) incursion affects the engineering performance of sandcrete blocks, and the physiochemical qualities of their leachate. SBA was incorporated at a rate of 5, 10, 15 and 20% as substitution for cement; treated CPS (TCPS) and untreated CPS (UCPS) were add at a rate of 10, 15, 20 and 25% as partial replacement for sand; while 1% CS was added as integrity enhancer. A consistent cement–sand mix ratio of 1:8 and corresponding water–cement (w/c) ratio of 0.55 were employed across all 17 experimental units; and the blocks were cured using the irrigation technique. Likewise, the blocks were subjected to leaching condition (immersion in water) to collect their leachate. Chemical compositions of the SBA, sand, cement, CS and TCPS and UCPS were examined using the x–ray fluorescent technique, while the mechanical and physiochemical parameters of the blocks were studied in harmony with the American Society for Testing and Materials standards. The results obtained revealed that the mechanical and physiochemical qualities of the blocks were dependent on the volume of the bio–materials incorporated into the sandcrete. Furthermore, the findings showed that an environmentally friendly high–strength lightweight sandcrete blocks, meeting international requirement of 3.45 N/mm2 can be produced by incorporating 10% SBA, 15% TCPS and 1% CS into the sandcrete block. The research highlights the possibility of using agricultural waste materials in achieving sustainable materials for the housing industry.
{"title":"Mechanical and Physiochemical Characteristics of Sandcrete Blocks Produced with Sustainable Biomaterials","authors":"H. Owamah, Hilary Uguru, L. O. Umukoro, O. Akpokodje, M. Helal, R. Sami, G. Alshehry, Eman Algarni, Nada Abdelhai, Suzan A. Abushal, N. I. Aljuraide","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4656","url":null,"abstract":"The quest for sustainable construction materials is rapidly increasing; due to health hazards associated the traditional construction items. This research goal is to investigate how sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA), crushed periwinkle shells (CPS) and cassava starch (CS) incursion affects\u0000 the engineering performance of sandcrete blocks, and the physiochemical qualities of their leachate. SBA was incorporated at a rate of 5, 10, 15 and 20% as substitution for cement; treated CPS (TCPS) and untreated CPS (UCPS) were add at a rate of 10, 15, 20 and 25% as partial replacement for\u0000 sand; while 1% CS was added as integrity enhancer. A consistent cement–sand mix ratio of 1:8 and corresponding water–cement (w/c) ratio of 0.55 were employed across all 17 experimental units; and the blocks were cured using the irrigation technique. Likewise, the blocks were subjected\u0000 to leaching condition (immersion in water) to collect their leachate. Chemical compositions of the SBA, sand, cement, CS and TCPS and UCPS were examined using the x–ray fluorescent technique, while the mechanical and physiochemical parameters of the blocks were studied in harmony with\u0000 the American Society for Testing and Materials standards. The results obtained revealed that the mechanical and physiochemical qualities of the blocks were dependent on the volume of the bio–materials incorporated into the sandcrete. Furthermore, the findings showed that an environmentally\u0000 friendly high–strength lightweight sandcrete blocks, meeting international requirement of 3.45 N/mm2 can be produced by incorporating 10% SBA, 15% TCPS and 1% CS into the sandcrete block. The research highlights the possibility of using agricultural waste materials in achieving\u0000 sustainable materials for the housing industry.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140788426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tanvi Saxena, V. Chawla, Mohamed H. Mahmoud, Nasser M. Abd El-salam
In recent years, the technological applications related to natural fibers and nano-fillers reinforced hybrid composites have gained popularity due to suitable composite properties, fiber durability and eco-friendly nature. In this investigation, the outcome of different percentages of nano-titanium oxide (NTiO2) fillers at weights of (2%, 4%, and 6%) on banana-hemp fiber reinforced composite is analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). As per the ASTM standards, banana and hemp fibers are trimmed to an average size of 32 mm. The SEM analysis is conducted in scanning mode, employing traditional SEM methodologies. The equipment utilized possesses a magnification range from 10X to approximately 40000X, a spatial resolution between 50 nm and 100 nm, and an acquisition speed ranging from 30 seconds to 60 seconds. The rheological and interfacial study is examined using SEM to analyze voids, fracture, delamination, and fiber pull out. The SEM images of banana-hemp fiber composite reinforced with 4% NTiO2 filler shows minimal fiber pull-outs, de-laminations, and a reduced quantity of voids compared to the composites reinforced with 2%, and 6% NTiO2 filler. The analytical modelling of the hybrid composite investigated in this research has been conducted and compared with the previous literature, in our previously published research [Saxena, T., & Chawla, V. (2024). Elastic properties evaluation of banana-hemp fiber-based hybrid composite with nano-titanium oxide filler: Analytical and Simulation Study. Engineering Solid Mechanics, 12(1), 65–80].
{"title":"Morphological Study of Banana and Hemp Fiber Reinforced Nano-Titanium Oxide Composite Using Scanning Electron Microscope","authors":"Tanvi Saxena, V. Chawla, Mohamed H. Mahmoud, Nasser M. Abd El-salam","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4658","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the technological applications related to natural fibers and nano-fillers reinforced hybrid composites have gained popularity due to suitable composite properties, fiber durability and eco-friendly nature. In this investigation, the outcome of different percentages\u0000 of nano-titanium oxide (NTiO2) fillers at weights of (2%, 4%, and 6%) on banana-hemp fiber reinforced composite is analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). As per the ASTM standards, banana and hemp fibers are trimmed to an average size of 32 mm. The SEM analysis is conducted\u0000 in scanning mode, employing traditional SEM methodologies. The equipment utilized possesses a magnification range from 10X to approximately 40000X, a spatial resolution between 50 nm and 100 nm, and an acquisition speed ranging from 30 seconds to 60 seconds. The rheological and interfacial\u0000 study is examined using SEM to analyze voids, fracture, delamination, and fiber pull out. The SEM images of banana-hemp fiber composite reinforced with 4% NTiO2 filler shows minimal fiber pull-outs, de-laminations, and a reduced quantity of voids compared to the composites reinforced\u0000 with 2%, and 6% NTiO2 filler. The analytical modelling of the hybrid composite investigated in this research has been conducted and compared with the previous literature, in our previously published research [Saxena, T., & Chawla, V. (2024). Elastic properties evaluation of\u0000 banana-hemp fiber-based hybrid composite with nano-titanium oxide filler: Analytical and Simulation Study. Engineering Solid Mechanics, 12(1), 65–80].","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140759869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Widad Hadjab, A. Zellagui, Meryem Mokrani, O. Ceylan, Mehmet Ozturk, C. Bensouici, H. Banjer, R. Sami, Amina A. M. Al-Mushhin, Sarah Alharthi, Mamdoh S. Moawadh, Hashim R. Felemban, Jamal A. Alorabi, Siraj B Alharthi
The perilous increase of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance and its great ability to produce several virulence factors is an emergent global health problem. Further investigation and docking study were further performed to predict the ideal identified compounds of propolis ethanolic extract with high affinity to interact with some selected virulence factors receptors. The results showed that propolis had a rich repertoire of polyphenols, cynarin, ellagic acid, and chrysin were detected as the major compounds. Furthermore, propolis ethanolic extract showed potent antioxidant activity. Minimal inhibitory concentrations values ranged from 2.5 to 10 mg/ml, representing a significant antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa strains. Similarly, propolis ethanolic extract effectively inhibited the biofilm development of multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa strains and completely decreased the expression of the quorum-sensing of the prototype bacterium Chromobacterium violaceum 12472. Furthermore, propolis ethanolic extract restricted P. aeruginosa swarming and pyoverdine secretion in a dose-dependent way. The virtual docking study showed that propolis ethanolic extract exerted a remarkable down-regulation of different virulence factors of multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa. Overall, these findings indicate that propolis can be regarded as a promising virulence factors inhibitor that could be used as an alternate remedy for the treatment of severe P. aeruginosa infections.
{"title":"Propolis Biomolecules Attenuates Virulence Factors of Multi-Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: In Vitro and In Silico Investigation","authors":"Widad Hadjab, A. Zellagui, Meryem Mokrani, O. Ceylan, Mehmet Ozturk, C. Bensouici, H. Banjer, R. Sami, Amina A. M. Al-Mushhin, Sarah Alharthi, Mamdoh S. Moawadh, Hashim R. Felemban, Jamal A. Alorabi, Siraj B Alharthi","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4580","url":null,"abstract":"The perilous increase of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance and its great ability to produce several virulence factors is an emergent global health problem. Further investigation and docking study were further performed to predict the ideal identified compounds of propolis ethanolic\u0000 extract with high affinity to interact with some selected virulence factors receptors. The results showed that propolis had a rich repertoire of polyphenols, cynarin, ellagic acid, and chrysin were detected as the major compounds. Furthermore, propolis ethanolic extract showed potent antioxidant\u0000 activity. Minimal inhibitory concentrations values ranged from 2.5 to 10 mg/ml, representing a significant antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa strains. Similarly, propolis ethanolic extract effectively inhibited the biofilm development of multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa\u0000 strains and completely decreased the expression of the quorum-sensing of the prototype bacterium Chromobacterium violaceum 12472. Furthermore, propolis ethanolic extract restricted P. aeruginosa swarming and pyoverdine secretion in a dose-dependent way. The virtual docking study\u0000 showed that propolis ethanolic extract exerted a remarkable down-regulation of different virulence factors of multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa. Overall, these findings indicate that propolis can be regarded as a promising virulence factors inhibitor that could be used as an alternate\u0000 remedy for the treatment of severe P. aeruginosa infections.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140797356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei-Pei Cha, Jian-Xin Lu, De-Ming Wang, Le-Fu Wei, Hong-Guang Yang
The hydrogen absorption kinetic behaviour of the Palladium/kieselguhr (Pd/K) composite materials activated in the range of 0.1–1 sccm · g−1, 263∼293 K and 20–100 kPa was determined by the constant-flow method, to establish a new gas-solid reaction rate equation at constant flows and reveal kinetic regularity. The results indicate that the hydrogen absorption process at constant flows can be divided into three stages, with rate constants following kII < k < kIII. The nucleation and growth processes regulate all three stages of constantflow hydrogen absorption, and the corresponding kinetic rate equations are denoted as follows [−ln(1−ξ)]r = kt(rI = 2/5, rII = 1, rIII = 1/2), which it can be obtained that the changes of hydrogenation flows, temperature and initial hydrogen pressure have no effect on the hydrogen absorption kinetic regularity, but only on the hydrogen absorption rate. In the same hydrogen absorption stage, the hydrogen absorption rate increases with increasing hydrogenation flows and initial hydrogen pressure, and decreases with increasing temperature in the selected temperature range. The mechanism of hydrogen absorption reaction at different temperatures is the identical, the Arrhenius relationship is met between the reaction rate constants and temperatures, and the activation energies of the three stages are 12.9 kJ/mol, 36.5 kJ/mol and 9.0 kJ/mol respectively.
{"title":"Kinetics of Hydrogen Absorption in Palladium/Kieselguhr Materials at Constant Flows","authors":"Wei-Pei Cha, Jian-Xin Lu, De-Ming Wang, Le-Fu Wei, Hong-Guang Yang","doi":"10.1166/sam.2024.4628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4628","url":null,"abstract":"The hydrogen absorption kinetic behaviour of the Palladium/kieselguhr (Pd/K) composite materials activated in the range of 0.1–1 sccm · g−1, 263∼293 K and 20–100 kPa was determined by the constant-flow method, to establish a new gas-solid reaction\u0000 rate equation at constant flows and reveal kinetic regularity. The results indicate that the hydrogen absorption process at constant flows can be divided into three stages, with rate constants following kII < k < kIII. The nucleation and growth\u0000 processes regulate all three stages of constantflow hydrogen absorption, and the corresponding kinetic rate equations are denoted as follows [−ln(1−ξ)]r = kt(rI = 2/5, rII = 1, rIII = 1/2), which\u0000 it can be obtained that the changes of hydrogenation flows, temperature and initial hydrogen pressure have no effect on the hydrogen absorption kinetic regularity, but only on the hydrogen absorption rate. In the same hydrogen absorption stage, the hydrogen absorption rate increases with increasing\u0000 hydrogenation flows and initial hydrogen pressure, and decreases with increasing temperature in the selected temperature range. The mechanism of hydrogen absorption reaction at different temperatures is the identical, the Arrhenius relationship is met between the reaction rate constants and\u0000 temperatures, and the activation energies of the three stages are 12.9 kJ/mol, 36.5 kJ/mol and 9.0 kJ/mol respectively.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140778685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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