Zhengwu Peng, Xiaoping Zhou, Guoping Kuang, Zhenghua Li
This research analyzed the effects of tricalcium silicate (C3S) cement and hypoxia on proliferation of human corneal epithelial cells (HCEpiCs) and the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFRs). Nanoscale C 3 S was prepared using a combustion method and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and laser particle size (LPS) analyzer. HCEpiCs were cultured, and influences of C 3 S with changed concentrations on proliferation of (HCEpiCs were analyzed. The cells were treated with hypoxia or with low-concentration (0.5 mg/mL, LC-C 3 S), medium-concentration (5 mg/mL, MC-C 3 S), or high-concentration (50 mg/mL, HC-C 3 S) of C 3 S. Meanwhile, normal HCEpiCs were undertaken as controls (Ctrl group). Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the expression of target genes were detected using CCK-8, Annexin V-FITC/PI, fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (fqPCR), and Western blotting (WB). The results suggested that nanoscale C 3 S had multiple morphologies and an average particle size (APS) of (231.5±8.3) nm. With increasing nanoscale C 3 S concentration, proliferation of HCEpiCs increased ( P < 0.05), and the highest proliferation was visualized at 5 mg/mL. Based on the conditions in the Ctrl group, the hypoxia group exhibited a decreased proliferation rate (PR), an increased apoptosis rate (AR), downshifted VEGF, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3, and elevated VEGFR-1 ( P < 0.05). Based on the hypoxia group, the LCC 3 S, MC-C 3 S, and HC-C 3 S groups presented increased cell PRs, decreased APs, upshifted VEGF, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3, and downregulated VEGFR-1 ( P < 0.05). The MC-C 3 S group showed an increased cell PR, a decreased AP, upregulated VEGF, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3, and downregulated VEGFR-1 to the LC-C 3 S group ( P < 0.05). Additionally, the HC-C 3 S group had a decreased cell PR, an increased AP, upregulated VEGF, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3, and a downshifted VEGFR-1 to the MC-C 3 S group ( P < 0.05). Therefore, C 3 S promoted proliferation of HCEpiCs, upregulated VEGF, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3, and downregulated VEGFR-1.
{"title":"Effects of Tricalcium Silicate Cement on Corneal Cell Proliferation and Its Relationship with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Level and Receptor Typing","authors":"Zhengwu Peng, Xiaoping Zhou, Guoping Kuang, Zhenghua Li","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4549","url":null,"abstract":"This research analyzed the effects of tricalcium silicate (C3S) cement and hypoxia on proliferation of human corneal epithelial cells (HCEpiCs) and the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFRs). Nanoscale C 3 S was prepared using a combustion method and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and laser particle size (LPS) analyzer. HCEpiCs were cultured, and influences of C 3 S with changed concentrations on proliferation of (HCEpiCs were analyzed. The cells were treated with hypoxia or with low-concentration (0.5 mg/mL, LC-C 3 S), medium-concentration (5 mg/mL, MC-C 3 S), or high-concentration (50 mg/mL, HC-C 3 S) of C 3 S. Meanwhile, normal HCEpiCs were undertaken as controls (Ctrl group). Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the expression of target genes were detected using CCK-8, Annexin V-FITC/PI, fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (fqPCR), and Western blotting (WB). The results suggested that nanoscale C 3 S had multiple morphologies and an average particle size (APS) of (231.5±8.3) nm. With increasing nanoscale C 3 S concentration, proliferation of HCEpiCs increased ( P < 0.05), and the highest proliferation was visualized at 5 mg/mL. Based on the conditions in the Ctrl group, the hypoxia group exhibited a decreased proliferation rate (PR), an increased apoptosis rate (AR), downshifted VEGF, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3, and elevated VEGFR-1 ( P < 0.05). Based on the hypoxia group, the LCC 3 S, MC-C 3 S, and HC-C 3 S groups presented increased cell PRs, decreased APs, upshifted VEGF, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3, and downregulated VEGFR-1 ( P < 0.05). The MC-C 3 S group showed an increased cell PR, a decreased AP, upregulated VEGF, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3, and downregulated VEGFR-1 to the LC-C 3 S group ( P < 0.05). Additionally, the HC-C 3 S group had a decreased cell PR, an increased AP, upregulated VEGF, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3, and a downshifted VEGFR-1 to the MC-C 3 S group ( P < 0.05). Therefore, C 3 S promoted proliferation of HCEpiCs, upregulated VEGF, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3, and downregulated VEGFR-1.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135054093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ke He, Yong Liu, Yanqi Wu, Yanting He, Qing Hu, Jia Wu, Guangxun Cui, Jun Zhang, Jun Jin
Due to the special surface wettability, self-cleaning, drag reduction, anti-icing and other properties, superhydrophobic materials are widely used as coating or coating additive on the surface of building materials, ships, and even for liquid transportation, biomedicine, etc., which have become one of the research hotspots in the direction of coating in recent years. However, the hydrophobic surface itself has weak stability and poor durability, which affects its application value. Therefore, in this study, PS nano-microcapsule was prepared by the multiphase emulsion method, and their particle size was measured by SEM electron microscopy to be about 350–550 nm, with a relatively uniform distribution. The hydrophobicity of PS nano-microcapsule modified with trimethoxy (1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-trifluoroctyl) silane (PFOTMS) at different molar ratios was investigated. SEM results showed that the surface roughness of the modified PFOTMS-PS nano-microcapsule could be changed. The contact angle proved that the greater the content of PFOTMS, the better the hydrophobicity of the modified PFOTMS-PS nano-microcapsule. When the content reached 50%, the hydrophobic performance was the best. As a coating, PFOTMS-PS nano-microcapsule has no specific requirement for the properties of the substrate material. It should be noted that the hydrophobicity of the coating did not change significantly after 30 days at room temperature. The above results indicated that PFOTMS-PS nano-microcapsule had good hydrophobicity and stability, and is expected to be used in many fields such as waterproof textiles and architectural coatings in the future.
{"title":"Hydrophobic Nano-Microcapsules Effectively Improve the Waterproof Performance of Coatings","authors":"Ke He, Yong Liu, Yanqi Wu, Yanting He, Qing Hu, Jia Wu, Guangxun Cui, Jun Zhang, Jun Jin","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4510","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the special surface wettability, self-cleaning, drag reduction, anti-icing and other properties, superhydrophobic materials are widely used as coating or coating additive on the surface of building materials, ships, and even for liquid transportation, biomedicine, etc., which have become one of the research hotspots in the direction of coating in recent years. However, the hydrophobic surface itself has weak stability and poor durability, which affects its application value. Therefore, in this study, PS nano-microcapsule was prepared by the multiphase emulsion method, and their particle size was measured by SEM electron microscopy to be about 350–550 nm, with a relatively uniform distribution. The hydrophobicity of PS nano-microcapsule modified with trimethoxy (1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-trifluoroctyl) silane (PFOTMS) at different molar ratios was investigated. SEM results showed that the surface roughness of the modified PFOTMS-PS nano-microcapsule could be changed. The contact angle proved that the greater the content of PFOTMS, the better the hydrophobicity of the modified PFOTMS-PS nano-microcapsule. When the content reached 50%, the hydrophobic performance was the best. As a coating, PFOTMS-PS nano-microcapsule has no specific requirement for the properties of the substrate material. It should be noted that the hydrophobicity of the coating did not change significantly after 30 days at room temperature. The above results indicated that PFOTMS-PS nano-microcapsule had good hydrophobicity and stability, and is expected to be used in many fields such as waterproof textiles and architectural coatings in the future.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135054096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The key to the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is delivering an effective amount of drugs into the brain to work, and supplementing the missing dopamine (Dop) in the brain is still the most effective treatment currently. In this research, borneol (Bor) was utilized to promote the drug to enter the brain through the nasal cavity, and lactoferrin (Lf) was utilized as the targeting molecule to modify the nanoparticles (NPs) so that they entered the brain and focused on the lesion site of PD to achieve targeting. They were then evaluated in vivo and in vitro , thus providing the basis for the development of the Lac-Bor/Dop NPs in PD therapy. In the experiment, the particle size of Lac-Bor/Dop NPs prepared by the optimal prescription process was 163.7±15.6 nm, the Dop drug loading was (7.86±1.68) %, and the Zeta potential was (−21.36±3.34) mV. The in vitro release confirmed that the Lac-Bor/Dop NPs had good sustained release characteristics in PBS medium. The cytotoxicity and uptake experiments confirmed that the cytotoxicity of Dop encapsulated in NPs was markedly inferior to that of free Dop ( P <0.05). For SH-SY5Y cells and 16HBE cells, Bor and Lf co-modified NPs can promote cell uptake. In vivo animal imaging counts confirmed that the coloaded NPs were capable of synergistic nasal drug delivery to the brain for better brain targeting. Furthermore, a PD model induced by dopaminergic neuron injury induced by unilateral striatal injection of 6-OHDA was constructed in rats and assigned into various groups to demonstrate the therapeutic effect of NPs on PD rats. The results revealed that relative to other groups, the contralateral rotations of rats in the Lac-Bor/Dop NP group were decreased drastically after 20 days of administration ( P <0.01), and the levels of Dop and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) in the injured striatum were increased markedly ( P <0.01), demonstrating that the delivery system could achieve excellent PD therapy effects after nasal administration.
{"title":"Analysis of Targeted Therapy of Parkinson’s Disease with Coloaded Nanoparticles","authors":"Yan He, Wei Long","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4506","url":null,"abstract":"The key to the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is delivering an effective amount of drugs into the brain to work, and supplementing the missing dopamine (Dop) in the brain is still the most effective treatment currently. In this research, borneol (Bor) was utilized to promote the drug to enter the brain through the nasal cavity, and lactoferrin (Lf) was utilized as the targeting molecule to modify the nanoparticles (NPs) so that they entered the brain and focused on the lesion site of PD to achieve targeting. They were then evaluated in vivo and in vitro , thus providing the basis for the development of the Lac-Bor/Dop NPs in PD therapy. In the experiment, the particle size of Lac-Bor/Dop NPs prepared by the optimal prescription process was 163.7±15.6 nm, the Dop drug loading was (7.86±1.68) %, and the Zeta potential was (−21.36±3.34) mV. The in vitro release confirmed that the Lac-Bor/Dop NPs had good sustained release characteristics in PBS medium. The cytotoxicity and uptake experiments confirmed that the cytotoxicity of Dop encapsulated in NPs was markedly inferior to that of free Dop ( P <0.05). For SH-SY5Y cells and 16HBE cells, Bor and Lf co-modified NPs can promote cell uptake. In vivo animal imaging counts confirmed that the coloaded NPs were capable of synergistic nasal drug delivery to the brain for better brain targeting. Furthermore, a PD model induced by dopaminergic neuron injury induced by unilateral striatal injection of 6-OHDA was constructed in rats and assigned into various groups to demonstrate the therapeutic effect of NPs on PD rats. The results revealed that relative to other groups, the contralateral rotations of rats in the Lac-Bor/Dop NP group were decreased drastically after 20 days of administration ( P <0.01), and the levels of Dop and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) in the injured striatum were increased markedly ( P <0.01), demonstrating that the delivery system could achieve excellent PD therapy effects after nasal administration.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135054363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this research was to construct the gene-targeted polymeric microvesicles (PMVs) and investigate their In Vitro ability to bind specifically to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) (+) breast cancer (BC) cells. PMVs were formed using a block copolymer, methoxy polyethylene glycol-poly(L-lactide) (mPEG-PLLA), as the shell and encapsulating liquid perfluoropentane. Plasmid DNA and biotinylated HER-2 monoclonal antibody were conjugated to form the gene-loaded HER-2-targeted PMVs for BC cells. The characterization, physicochemical properties, and antibody coupling efficiency of the PMVs were evaluated. The PMVs were then co-cultured with HER-2 (+) BT474 cells, and their ability to target and bind to HER-2 (+) BC cells was observed under a microscope. Results revealed that the average particle size (APS) of the gene-targeted PMVs was (3.92±1.01) μ m, with a uniform particle size distribution (PSD), smooth and transparent surfaces, and superior stability. The fluorescence intensity (FI) of PMVs in Group A was higher (16 vs. 9) to that in Group B, indicating a high binding rate (BR) (97.01%) between the PMVs and HER-2 monoclonal antibody. BT474 cells exhibited green fluorescence on their surface, which was stronger than that observed in SK-BR-3 cells, while no obvious green fluorescence was visualized in MDA-MB-231 cells or Hs578Bst cells. PMVs in Group A presented extensive binding to BT474 cells, mainly distributed on the cell membrane and surrounding areas. Only a few PMVs in Groups B and C were observed to bind to BT474 cells. In conclusion, the gene-loaded HER-2-targeted PMVs exhibited excellent stability and high specificity for binding to HER-2 (+) BC cells In Vitro , suggesting their potential application value.
{"title":"Construction of Gene-Targeted Polymeric Microvesicles and Their <i>In Vitro</i> Targeted Binding Ability to Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (+) Breast Cancer Cells","authors":"Wenbin Han, Ke Wang, Wenjing Feng","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4518","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research was to construct the gene-targeted polymeric microvesicles (PMVs) and investigate their In Vitro ability to bind specifically to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) (+) breast cancer (BC) cells. PMVs were formed using a block copolymer, methoxy polyethylene glycol-poly(L-lactide) (mPEG-PLLA), as the shell and encapsulating liquid perfluoropentane. Plasmid DNA and biotinylated HER-2 monoclonal antibody were conjugated to form the gene-loaded HER-2-targeted PMVs for BC cells. The characterization, physicochemical properties, and antibody coupling efficiency of the PMVs were evaluated. The PMVs were then co-cultured with HER-2 (+) BT474 cells, and their ability to target and bind to HER-2 (+) BC cells was observed under a microscope. Results revealed that the average particle size (APS) of the gene-targeted PMVs was (3.92±1.01) μ m, with a uniform particle size distribution (PSD), smooth and transparent surfaces, and superior stability. The fluorescence intensity (FI) of PMVs in Group A was higher (16 vs. 9) to that in Group B, indicating a high binding rate (BR) (97.01%) between the PMVs and HER-2 monoclonal antibody. BT474 cells exhibited green fluorescence on their surface, which was stronger than that observed in SK-BR-3 cells, while no obvious green fluorescence was visualized in MDA-MB-231 cells or Hs578Bst cells. PMVs in Group A presented extensive binding to BT474 cells, mainly distributed on the cell membrane and surrounding areas. Only a few PMVs in Groups B and C were observed to bind to BT474 cells. In conclusion, the gene-loaded HER-2-targeted PMVs exhibited excellent stability and high specificity for binding to HER-2 (+) BC cells In Vitro , suggesting their potential application value.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135054366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eida M. Alshammari, Subuhi Sherwani, Fatimah Othman Alqahtani, Mahvish Khan, Wahid Ali Khan, Mohd Wajid Ali Khan, Abdulmohsen K. D. Alsukaibi, Khalid Al-Motair, Khalaf M. Alenezi, Ahmad Umar
Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly used in the diagnosis and prevention of various human infections and diseases. The multi-functional nature of these nanoparticles together with characteristics such as low toxicity and biodegradability, allow their use in a slew of products and applications ranging from biomedical, food and supplement industries, therapeutics and biosensors. ZnO exhibits biomimetic properties enabling biomedical applications, including use as alternatives to pre-existing antibiotics. This study discusses a simple, cost-effective and environmentally sustainable technique for the synthesis of crystalline ZnO nanorods from egg-white or albumin. Single phase nature of the of the engineered nanocrystals was determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) technique. The morphology of the ZnO nanorods was studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The diameter of synthesized ZnO nanorods was determined to be in the range of 20–30 nm. The crystal structure of wurtzite ZnO was discovered by the use of Raman, FTIR, while the surface area (12.8 m 2 /g) was analyzed by using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area study. Both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains were used to test the ZnO nanorods’ antibacterial abilities without the need of artificial UV activation. Findings showed that different disease-causing bacteria present in community and hospital settings respond differently to ZnO nanorods’ antibacterial activity. When the concentration of nanorods powder increased, the ratio of bacterial survival dropped, showing an increase in antibacterial activity. The gram-negative strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa was shown to have the maximum antibacterial activity of the ZnO nanorods as compared to other gram-negative and positive bacteria. Eco-friendly and green synthesis of ZnO NPs produce vital multifunctional nanomaterials which possess promising antibacterial properties with more extensive studies may develop drugs for multidrug resistance bacteria.
{"title":"Green Synthesis of Novel Antimicrobial ZnO Nanorods","authors":"Eida M. Alshammari, Subuhi Sherwani, Fatimah Othman Alqahtani, Mahvish Khan, Wahid Ali Khan, Mohd Wajid Ali Khan, Abdulmohsen K. D. Alsukaibi, Khalid Al-Motair, Khalaf M. Alenezi, Ahmad Umar","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4517","url":null,"abstract":"Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly used in the diagnosis and prevention of various human infections and diseases. The multi-functional nature of these nanoparticles together with characteristics such as low toxicity and biodegradability, allow their use in a slew of products and applications ranging from biomedical, food and supplement industries, therapeutics and biosensors. ZnO exhibits biomimetic properties enabling biomedical applications, including use as alternatives to pre-existing antibiotics. This study discusses a simple, cost-effective and environmentally sustainable technique for the synthesis of crystalline ZnO nanorods from egg-white or albumin. Single phase nature of the of the engineered nanocrystals was determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) technique. The morphology of the ZnO nanorods was studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The diameter of synthesized ZnO nanorods was determined to be in the range of 20–30 nm. The crystal structure of wurtzite ZnO was discovered by the use of Raman, FTIR, while the surface area (12.8 m 2 /g) was analyzed by using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area study. Both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains were used to test the ZnO nanorods’ antibacterial abilities without the need of artificial UV activation. Findings showed that different disease-causing bacteria present in community and hospital settings respond differently to ZnO nanorods’ antibacterial activity. When the concentration of nanorods powder increased, the ratio of bacterial survival dropped, showing an increase in antibacterial activity. The gram-negative strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa was shown to have the maximum antibacterial activity of the ZnO nanorods as compared to other gram-negative and positive bacteria. Eco-friendly and green synthesis of ZnO NPs produce vital multifunctional nanomaterials which possess promising antibacterial properties with more extensive studies may develop drugs for multidrug resistance bacteria.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135054088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the current study, the synergistic healing efficacy of regular treadmill exercise and administration of menstrual blood stem cells and curcumin-loaded calcium alginate hydrogel was investigated. In Vitro studies were used to characterize the hydrogel system In Vitro. Various validation methods including BBB assay, histopathological examinations, and gene expression studies were used to assess the healing efficacy of different groups. Study showed that treadmill exercise and the hydrogels loaded with both menstrual blood stem cells and curcumin significantly improved the spinal cord injury repair through upregulation of pro-healing genes.
{"title":"Regular Treadmill Exercise Improves the Spinal Cord Injury Repair in a Rat Model Treated with Menstrual Blood Stem Cells and Curcumin-Loaded Nanocomposite Hydrogel: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study","authors":"Rui Cong, Fenglei Li","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4449","url":null,"abstract":"In the current study, the synergistic healing efficacy of regular treadmill exercise and administration of menstrual blood stem cells and curcumin-loaded calcium alginate hydrogel was investigated. In Vitro studies were used to characterize the hydrogel system In Vitro.\u0000 Various validation methods including BBB assay, histopathological examinations, and gene expression studies were used to assess the healing efficacy of different groups. Study showed that treadmill exercise and the hydrogels loaded with both menstrual blood stem cells and curcumin significantly\u0000 improved the spinal cord injury repair through upregulation of pro-healing genes.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49669457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xidong Chen, N. Tang, Mohamed H. Mahmoud, Amir Altinawi
The present article designs two-dimensional heterojunction duplex material FETs based on binary monolayer material, Mg and molybdenum disulfide. Despite having a hexagonal crystal structure, the monolayer Mg and molybdenum disulfide have good lattice matching ability, with a mismatch degree of approximately 5%. The electrostatic characteristics of Mg/molybdenum disulfide field effect transistors (FETs) are well suited for compact fabrication. Electronic structure of first-principles investigations, optical, mechanical, and electrochemical properties of MODES field-effect transistors based on density functional theory are mastered in order to master the electrostatic doping associated features of FETs. Based on the Silvaco TCAD platform, this simulation study was performed. There is theoretical value in engineering practice, both in terms of design and application.
{"title":"Electrical and Electronic Properties of Magnesium/Molybdenum Disulfide Heterojunction Field Effect Transistors: A Theoretical Study","authors":"Xidong Chen, N. Tang, Mohamed H. Mahmoud, Amir Altinawi","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4474","url":null,"abstract":"The present article designs two-dimensional heterojunction duplex material FETs based on binary monolayer material, Mg and molybdenum disulfide. Despite having a hexagonal crystal structure, the monolayer Mg and molybdenum disulfide have good lattice matching ability, with a mismatch\u0000 degree of approximately 5%. The electrostatic characteristics of Mg/molybdenum disulfide field effect transistors (FETs) are well suited for compact fabrication. Electronic structure of first-principles investigations, optical, mechanical, and electrochemical properties of MODES field-effect\u0000 transistors based on density functional theory are mastered in order to master the electrostatic doping associated features of FETs. Based on the Silvaco TCAD platform, this simulation study was performed. There is theoretical value in engineering practice, both in terms of design and application.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43483741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research investigated the effects of tolerating nanoparticles (tNPs) loaded with multiple regulatory molecules on progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA), multiple regulatory molecular fragments (Fc) (programmed death receptor ligand 1-Fc (PD-L1-Fc), CD47-Fc), transforming growth factor (TGF-β1), and multiple oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antigen peptides (p-MOG) were selected to prepare the tNPs (MRM-tNPs) loaded with various regulatory molecules. Then, the MRM-tNPs were applied in MOG35-55 polypeptide-induced EAE mouse model. According to the treatment methods, the mice were rolled into a group A (BS therapeutic agent), a group B (no-load-NPs), a group C (MOG-tNPs), and a group D (MRM-tNPs). The therapeutic effects were evaluated by the inflammatory infiltration degree (IID), demyelination loss degree (DLD), and apoptosis rate (AR) of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The Results showed that the encapsulation rate (ER) of TGF-β1 was 87.65%, and its cumulative release rate (RR) was 58.22%. There were obvious fluorescence signals on MRM-tNPs, MRM-tNPs without PD-L1, and MRM-tNPs without CD47. The neurological function (NF) score in the group D after MRM-tNPs treatment was less than 2 points (P <0.05). The scores of IID and DLD in the brain and spinal cord (SC) of EAE mice in the group D were much lower to those in groups A, B, and C, and the ARs of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were higher (P <0.05). In conclusion, the tNPs loaded with various regulatory molecules can promote the apoptosis of antigen-specific T cells (AST) and reduce the infiltration and demyelination of inflammatory cells, thus alleviating the EAE.
{"title":"Effects of Tolerant Nanoparticles Loaded with Various Regulatory Molecules on the Development of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis","authors":"Weiwei Liang, Lin Cong, Hongmei Yu","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4503","url":null,"abstract":"This research investigated the effects of tolerating nanoparticles (tNPs) loaded with multiple regulatory molecules on progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA), multiple regulatory molecular fragments (Fc) (programmed\u0000 death receptor ligand 1-Fc (PD-L1-Fc), CD47-Fc), transforming growth factor (TGF-β1), and multiple oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antigen peptides (p-MOG) were selected to prepare the tNPs (MRM-tNPs) loaded with various regulatory molecules. Then, the MRM-tNPs were applied\u0000 in MOG35-55 polypeptide-induced EAE mouse model. According to the treatment methods, the mice were rolled into a group A (BS therapeutic agent), a group B (no-load-NPs), a group C (MOG-tNPs), and a group D (MRM-tNPs). The therapeutic effects were evaluated by the inflammatory infiltration\u0000 degree (IID), demyelination loss degree (DLD), and apoptosis rate (AR) of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The Results showed that the encapsulation rate (ER) of TGF-β1 was 87.65%, and its cumulative release rate (RR) was 58.22%. There were obvious fluorescence signals\u0000 on MRM-tNPs, MRM-tNPs without PD-L1, and MRM-tNPs without CD47. The neurological function (NF) score in the group D after MRM-tNPs treatment was less than 2 points (P <0.05). The scores of IID and DLD in the brain and spinal cord (SC) of EAE mice in the group D were much lower to\u0000 those in groups A, B, and C, and the ARs of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were higher (P <0.05). In conclusion, the tNPs loaded with various regulatory molecules can promote the apoptosis of antigen-specific T cells (AST) and reduce the infiltration and demyelination\u0000 of inflammatory cells, thus alleviating the EAE.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45863313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this publication, three silver nanowires (Ag NWs) with different morphologies were prepared via the polyol process synthesis method by changing the amount and kinds of inorganic agents in the synthesis procedure. The as-synthesized Ag NWs showed high yield and purity. The samples were fully characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). The SEM results revealed that Ag NWs 1–3 have diameters of 95, 70, and 55–65 nm, respectively, and lengths of 20–30, 30–40, and 40–50 μm, respectively. The PXRD experiments showed that the as-synthesized samples display four typical diffraction peaks at 38.2°, 44.5°, 64.5°, and 77.4°, which are consistent with the face-centered cubic lattice for Ag. The inhibitory activities of the Ag NWs on the viability of lung cancer cells was measured with cell counting kit-8 assay. The activation activity of the vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway in the cancer cells was measured with real-time polymerase chain reaction.
{"title":"Synthesis of Silver Nanowires with Different Morphologies for Lung Cancer Treatment","authors":"Yong-Qiang Han, F. Du","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4450","url":null,"abstract":"In this publication, three silver nanowires (Ag NWs) with different morphologies were prepared via the polyol process synthesis method by changing the amount and kinds of inorganic agents in the synthesis procedure. The as-synthesized Ag NWs showed high yield and purity. The samples\u0000 were fully characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). The SEM results revealed that Ag NWs 1–3 have diameters of 95, 70, and 55–65 nm, respectively, and lengths of 20–30, 30–40, and 40–50 μm, respectively.\u0000 The PXRD experiments showed that the as-synthesized samples display four typical diffraction peaks at 38.2°, 44.5°, 64.5°, and 77.4°, which are consistent with the face-centered cubic lattice for Ag. The inhibitory activities of the Ag NWs on the viability of lung cancer cells\u0000 was measured with cell counting kit-8 assay. The activation activity of the vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway in the cancer cells was measured with real-time polymerase chain reaction.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41741896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated the role of the low-density lipoprotein receptor-associated protein LRP11 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Analysis of TCGA and GTEx databases revealed that LRP11 expression was significantly increased in liver cancer tissues compared to normal tissues (P <0.05). High expression of LRP11 was associated with shorter survival in liver cancer patients (P <0.05). Lentivirus transfection was used to create sh-NC and sh-LRP11 groups for further experiments. Silencing LRP11 in HepG2 cells resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability (P <0.05), increased apoptosis rate (P <0.01), and upregulation of the apoptosis-related protein Bax (P <0.01) and downregulation of Bcl-2 (P <0.01). Moreover, the sh-LRP11 group showed a significant decrease in the S-phase of the cell cycle (P <0.01) and reduced expression of Cyclin D1 (P <0.01). These findings indicate that LRP11 is highly expressed in liver cancer tissues and is associated with an unfavorable prognosis. Suppression of LRP11 expression inhibits the proliferation of HCC cells, promotes apoptosis, and affects cell cycle progression. These results contribute to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying HCC development and progression, as well as identifying potential therapeutic targets.
{"title":"The Role of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Associated Protein LRP11 in the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Jinxian Pei, Huihui Wang, Yan Zhang, Tianshi Chen","doi":"10.1166/sam.2023.4501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4501","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the role of the low-density lipoprotein receptor-associated protein LRP11 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Analysis of TCGA and GTEx databases revealed that LRP11 expression was significantly increased in liver cancer tissues compared to normal tissues (P\u0000 <0.05). High expression of LRP11 was associated with shorter survival in liver cancer patients (P <0.05). Lentivirus transfection was used to create sh-NC and sh-LRP11 groups for further experiments. Silencing LRP11 in HepG2 cells resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability\u0000 (P <0.05), increased apoptosis rate (P <0.01), and upregulation of the apoptosis-related protein Bax (P <0.01) and downregulation of Bcl-2 (P <0.01). Moreover, the sh-LRP11 group showed a significant decrease in the S-phase of the cell cycle (P\u0000 <0.01) and reduced expression of Cyclin D1 (P <0.01). These findings indicate that LRP11 is highly expressed in liver cancer tissues and is associated with an unfavorable prognosis. Suppression of LRP11 expression inhibits the proliferation of HCC cells, promotes apoptosis, and\u0000 affects cell cycle progression. These results contribute to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying HCC development and progression, as well as identifying potential therapeutic targets.","PeriodicalId":21671,"journal":{"name":"Science of Advanced Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49573585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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