Pub Date : 2023-11-16DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2279948
Maryam Malmir, F. Shemirani
ABSTRACT Biomagnifications of emergent contamination with diclofenac in aquatic media exert adverse effects on ecosystems and the environment. Hence, employing an effective remediation route, especially magnetic adsorption, is highly beneficial to eliminating hazardous pharmaceutical wastes. In this research, an efficient magnetic nanoadsorbent derived from aminated manganese ferrite, cellulose, and graphene oxide (GO) has been characterized and employed for diclofenac (DF) removal. Results of EDX analysis showed that aminopropyltriethoxysilane, as an amine source, have been anchored on the magnetic adsorbent surface with high density. Moreover, FESEM and TEM images, as well as the XRD pattern, confirmed that the nanocomposite is a three-component adsorbent. Response surface methodology was adopted to optimize effective parameters for DF adsorption. Solution pH, contact time, adsorbent amount, and concentration of NaNO3 were four variables that have been optimized. Kinetic and isotherm studies for the adsorption experiments showed that diclofenac adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Moreover, the thermodynamic study indicated that the adsorption process is spontaneous and follows an exothermic path. With a high maximum adsorption capacity of 439.0 mg.g−1 and an adequate removal efficiency of 98.0%, the aminated MnFe2O4-cellulose-GO is a suitable candidate to mitigate the side effects of DF in aqueous media.
{"title":"Aminated cellulose-GO-Doped manganese ferrite Nanosorbent with Enhanced adsorption properties of Diclofenac: Isotherm, kinetic, and Thermodynamic Study","authors":"Maryam Malmir, F. Shemirani","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2279948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2279948","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Biomagnifications of emergent contamination with diclofenac in aquatic media exert adverse effects on ecosystems and the environment. Hence, employing an effective remediation route, especially magnetic adsorption, is highly beneficial to eliminating hazardous pharmaceutical wastes. In this research, an efficient magnetic nanoadsorbent derived from aminated manganese ferrite, cellulose, and graphene oxide (GO) has been characterized and employed for diclofenac (DF) removal. Results of EDX analysis showed that aminopropyltriethoxysilane, as an amine source, have been anchored on the magnetic adsorbent surface with high density. Moreover, FESEM and TEM images, as well as the XRD pattern, confirmed that the nanocomposite is a three-component adsorbent. Response surface methodology was adopted to optimize effective parameters for DF adsorption. Solution pH, contact time, adsorbent amount, and concentration of NaNO3 were four variables that have been optimized. Kinetic and isotherm studies for the adsorption experiments showed that diclofenac adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Moreover, the thermodynamic study indicated that the adsorption process is spontaneous and follows an exothermic path. With a high maximum adsorption capacity of 439.0 mg.g−1 and an adequate removal efficiency of 98.0%, the aminated MnFe2O4-cellulose-GO is a suitable candidate to mitigate the side effects of DF in aqueous media.","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139268525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Secondary aluminum ash is a byproduct in the aluminum industry that contains valuable components, such as aluminum nitride (AlN) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3). AlN has excellent thermal and electrical properties and is widely used in various applications, making the recovery of AlN from secondary aluminum ash essential for both economic and environmental reasons. In this study, we developed a novel triboelectric separation technique to recover AlN from aluminum ash by investigating the tribocharging characteristics of the main components of secondary aluminum ash, Al2O3 and AlN. We studied the effects of tribocharging ball ratio, friction time, and stirring speed on the tribocharging of pure Al2O3 and AlN, using various materials such as polytef (PTFE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), copper (Cu), and stainless steel (SS) as tribocharging materials. We also examined the effects of friction medium ball ratio, friction medium material, rotational speed, and voltage on the triboelectric separation process. Our results showed that the charge-to-mass ratio for Al2O3 and AlN was 1.96 and −15.56 nC/g, respectively, the difference is largest, with a PTFE ball, a 1:5 ratio, a stirring speed of 290 n/min, and a tribocharging duration of 30 s. The triboelectric sequence of these friction materials was (+)PTFE, PP, Al2O3, SS, Cu, PVC, and AlN (-). To recover AlN from aluminum ash, PTFE should be chosen as the friction medium, and a friction medium ball ratio of 1:3, rpm rotation speed of 50, and voltage of 40kV should be used, resulting in an AlN grade of 89.25% and a significant increase in the recovery rate of AlN in the positive and negative electrode. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of effective triboelectric separation of Al2O3 and AlN.
{"title":"Recovering AlN from secondary aluminum ash using a novel triboelectric separation","authors":"Zhenxing Zhang, Jilan Shi, Haifeng Wang, Yongqiang Xu, Jiahui Niu, Zihui Zhang, Juan Hao","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2282956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2282956","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Secondary aluminum ash is a byproduct in the aluminum industry that contains valuable components, such as aluminum nitride (AlN) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3). AlN has excellent thermal and electrical properties and is widely used in various applications, making the recovery of AlN from secondary aluminum ash essential for both economic and environmental reasons. In this study, we developed a novel triboelectric separation technique to recover AlN from aluminum ash by investigating the tribocharging characteristics of the main components of secondary aluminum ash, Al2O3 and AlN. We studied the effects of tribocharging ball ratio, friction time, and stirring speed on the tribocharging of pure Al2O3 and AlN, using various materials such as polytef (PTFE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), copper (Cu), and stainless steel (SS) as tribocharging materials. We also examined the effects of friction medium ball ratio, friction medium material, rotational speed, and voltage on the triboelectric separation process. Our results showed that the charge-to-mass ratio for Al2O3 and AlN was 1.96 and −15.56 nC/g, respectively, the difference is largest, with a PTFE ball, a 1:5 ratio, a stirring speed of 290 n/min, and a tribocharging duration of 30 s. The triboelectric sequence of these friction materials was (+)PTFE, PP, Al2O3, SS, Cu, PVC, and AlN (-). To recover AlN from aluminum ash, PTFE should be chosen as the friction medium, and a friction medium ball ratio of 1:3, rpm rotation speed of 50, and voltage of 40kV should be used, resulting in an AlN grade of 89.25% and a significant increase in the recovery rate of AlN in the positive and negative electrode. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of effective triboelectric separation of Al2O3 and AlN.","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139269070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2259603
Qiulian Chang, Guofeng He, Haiyong Sun
ABSTRACT This study is centered on the separation of the fluorene-dibenzofuran system through binary phase equilibrium experiments and azeotropic distillation simulations. An enhanced Othmer equilibrium still was employed to conduct phase equilibrium experiments, and the obtained data were correlated to determine the missing binary interaction parameters. The resulting experimental data demonstrated thermodynamic consistency and reliability. Subsequent correlation using the NRTL, UNIQUAC, and Wilson models highlighted the UNIQUAC model’s exceptional agreement with experimental values. This underscores the model’s capability to precisely characterize the fluorene-dibenzofuran system’s phase behavior. The phase equilibrium study provided pivotal parameters and predictions, forming the groundwork for subsequent separation process simulations and equipment development. Azeotropic simulations, employing ethylene glycol as a co-boiling solvent and simulated via Aspen software, yielded high-purity fluorene products with a minimum purity of ≥ 98%. These findings emphasize the potency of azeotropic distillation in achieving high-purity separation within the fluorene-dibenzofuran system, with promising implications for industrial applications.
{"title":"Study on vapor-liquid equilibrium and azeotropic distillation simulation of fluorene- dibenzofuran system","authors":"Qiulian Chang, Guofeng He, Haiyong Sun","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2259603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2259603","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study is centered on the separation of the fluorene-dibenzofuran system through binary phase equilibrium experiments and azeotropic distillation simulations. An enhanced Othmer equilibrium still was employed to conduct phase equilibrium experiments, and the obtained data were correlated to determine the missing binary interaction parameters. The resulting experimental data demonstrated thermodynamic consistency and reliability. Subsequent correlation using the NRTL, UNIQUAC, and Wilson models highlighted the UNIQUAC model’s exceptional agreement with experimental values. This underscores the model’s capability to precisely characterize the fluorene-dibenzofuran system’s phase behavior. The phase equilibrium study provided pivotal parameters and predictions, forming the groundwork for subsequent separation process simulations and equipment development. Azeotropic simulations, employing ethylene glycol as a co-boiling solvent and simulated via Aspen software, yielded high-purity fluorene products with a minimum purity of ≥ 98%. These findings emphasize the potency of azeotropic distillation in achieving high-purity separation within the fluorene-dibenzofuran system, with promising implications for industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139275647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2279945
A. N. Joshi, A. Chandrakar, K. Wasewar, R. S. Thakur
ABSTRACT p-hydroxybenzoic acid (p-HBA) remains present in various industrial effluents, it has various industrial applications and excellent medicinal properties, on the contrary, it degrades the fertility of soil if discharged in atmosphere hence, retrieval of p-HBA from effluent is a mandate. In past decades, reactive extraction has arisen as an efficient and attractive separation technique. Therefore, in the present study, the reactive extraction of p-HBA, using Tri-n-octylamine diluted in toluene, petroleum ether, and methyl isobutyl ketone, has been investigated. The results have been reported in terms of efficiency, distribution coefficient, equilibrium complexation constant, and loading ratio. The order of diluents, with respect to extraction given, is MIBK (93.43%) > toluene (92.57%)> petroleum ether (91.43%). The relative basicity model is used to for the interpretation and is found suitable for explaining the results. The diffusion coefficient was also found using Reddy Doraiswamy equation and Wilke Chang equation. Further, minimum number of stages of counter current extraction column and solvent to feed ratio were also calculated to investigate the feasibility of the process.
{"title":"Experimental investigation of reactive extraction of p-hydroxybenzoic acid using TOA in toluene, petroleum ether and MIBK","authors":"A. N. Joshi, A. Chandrakar, K. Wasewar, R. S. Thakur","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2279945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2279945","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT p-hydroxybenzoic acid (p-HBA) remains present in various industrial effluents, it has various industrial applications and excellent medicinal properties, on the contrary, it degrades the fertility of soil if discharged in atmosphere hence, retrieval of p-HBA from effluent is a mandate. In past decades, reactive extraction has arisen as an efficient and attractive separation technique. Therefore, in the present study, the reactive extraction of p-HBA, using Tri-n-octylamine diluted in toluene, petroleum ether, and methyl isobutyl ketone, has been investigated. The results have been reported in terms of efficiency, distribution coefficient, equilibrium complexation constant, and loading ratio. The order of diluents, with respect to extraction given, is MIBK (93.43%) > toluene (92.57%)> petroleum ether (91.43%). The relative basicity model is used to for the interpretation and is found suitable for explaining the results. The diffusion coefficient was also found using Reddy Doraiswamy equation and Wilke Chang equation. Further, minimum number of stages of counter current extraction column and solvent to feed ratio were also calculated to investigate the feasibility of the process.","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139272806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-14DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2279516
Hanif Subhan, Sultan Alam, None Uzma, Mohib Ullah, Luqman Ali Shah
ABSTRACTThe sorptive removal of recalcitrant dyes from aquatic media holds paramount significance in the contemporary research. The pressing problem has been addressed by facile fabrication and subsequent sorption studies on sodium alginate grafted poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) [Na-Alg-g-p(NIPAm-co-AAc)] hydrogel for sorption of methylene green (MG). The sorbent achieved equilibrium in 30 minutes, whereas highest sorption capacity was noted at optimum pH 5. At 25°C, the sorbed quantity of the adsorbate enhanced with the rise in initial concentration. The data of isothermal studies fitted well into the Langmuir isotherm as suggested by relatively higher R2 of ≈ 0.98. The sorption obeyed pseudo-second-order kinetics as evidenced by exceptionally higher R2 (0.999) and substantial agreement in experimentally obtained and theoretically calculated second-order rate constant. The validity of Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models imply the occurrence of chemisorption between anionic [Na-Alg-g-p(NIPAm-co-AAc)] sorbent and cationic MG. Moreover, the material exhibits dual (pH and temperature) responsive nature because the amount sorbed undergoes variation with change in temperature and pH. The results signify potential candidature of the fabricated sorbent for the reclamation of dye contaminated water and related applications.KEYWORDS: Sorptive removalrecalcitrant dyesfacile fabricationpolymeric hydrogelsorption experiments Supplemental dataSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2279516Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Novelity statementDual responsive sodium alginate grafted poly (N-Isopropyl acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) [Na-Alg-g-p(NIPAm-co-AAc)] hydrogel was fabricated by free radical polymerization method.Sorption behaviour of the graft co-polymeric material was explored in batch adsorption experiments by using methylene green (MG) as a probe dye.The sorption kinetics and isotherm were probed by applying different kinetic and isotherm models.The MG loaded sorbent was regenerated by adopting solvent extraction route using acetoneThe recycling behaviour of the spent sorbent was inspected for six successive sorption-desorption runs.The results signify potential candidature of the fabricated sorbent for the reclamation of dye contaminated water and related applications.
{"title":"Smart dual responsive alginate grafted copolymeric hydrogel for sorption of recalcitrant methylene green from water","authors":"Hanif Subhan, Sultan Alam, None Uzma, Mohib Ullah, Luqman Ali Shah","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2279516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2279516","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe sorptive removal of recalcitrant dyes from aquatic media holds paramount significance in the contemporary research. The pressing problem has been addressed by facile fabrication and subsequent sorption studies on sodium alginate grafted poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) [Na-Alg-g-p(NIPAm-co-AAc)] hydrogel for sorption of methylene green (MG). The sorbent achieved equilibrium in 30 minutes, whereas highest sorption capacity was noted at optimum pH 5. At 25°C, the sorbed quantity of the adsorbate enhanced with the rise in initial concentration. The data of isothermal studies fitted well into the Langmuir isotherm as suggested by relatively higher R2 of ≈ 0.98. The sorption obeyed pseudo-second-order kinetics as evidenced by exceptionally higher R2 (0.999) and substantial agreement in experimentally obtained and theoretically calculated second-order rate constant. The validity of Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models imply the occurrence of chemisorption between anionic [Na-Alg-g-p(NIPAm-co-AAc)] sorbent and cationic MG. Moreover, the material exhibits dual (pH and temperature) responsive nature because the amount sorbed undergoes variation with change in temperature and pH. The results signify potential candidature of the fabricated sorbent for the reclamation of dye contaminated water and related applications.KEYWORDS: Sorptive removalrecalcitrant dyesfacile fabricationpolymeric hydrogelsorption experiments Supplemental dataSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2279516Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Novelity statementDual responsive sodium alginate grafted poly (N-Isopropyl acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) [Na-Alg-g-p(NIPAm-co-AAc)] hydrogel was fabricated by free radical polymerization method.Sorption behaviour of the graft co-polymeric material was explored in batch adsorption experiments by using methylene green (MG) as a probe dye.The sorption kinetics and isotherm were probed by applying different kinetic and isotherm models.The MG loaded sorbent was regenerated by adopting solvent extraction route using acetoneThe recycling behaviour of the spent sorbent was inspected for six successive sorption-desorption runs.The results signify potential candidature of the fabricated sorbent for the reclamation of dye contaminated water and related applications.","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACTThree grades of pectin xanthates (PX1, PX2, and PX3) have been prepared by the reaction of pectin with carbon disulfide (CS2) in an alkaline medium using NaOH, via the xanthation process. The percentage yield of prepared pectin xanthates has been found to be 87.06%, 90.38%, and 93.80% for PX1, PX2, and PX3, respectively. Prepared pectin xanthates and raw pectin were utilized for heavy metals (Cu(II) and Ni(II)) and lignin enriched paper industry wastewater (LEPIW) treatment. The removal percentage of pectin, PX1, P X2, and PX3 for Cu removal at optimum condition (adsorbent dose: 5.14 g/L, pH: 5 for Cu and 7 for Ni, optimum temperature: 50°C and time: 80 min for Cu(II) and 100 min for Ni(II)) has been found as 85%, 92.33%, 93.5%, and 94.66% and 76.66%, 89.44%, 91.66%, and 93.33%, respectively, for Ni removal. The LEPIW treatment efficacy for pectin, PX1, PX2, and PX3 has been found to be 54%, 77%, 83%, and 86% for the initial COD: 2000 mg/L, pH: 7, optimum temperature: 40°C in 105 min operation time. Adsorption isotherm studies suggest that Langmuir isotherm is most appropriate which indicates adsorption follows chemisorption. The adsorption capacities of PX1, PX2, and PX3 are found as 309.59, 352.11, and 380.22 mg/g for Cu(II) and 299.40, 315.45, and 328.94 mg/g and for Ni(II), respectively, which is very high in comparison with many other recent literature studies.KEYWORDS: Xanthateadsorptionpaper wastewaterheavy metalCOD removal Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Manuscript’s most relevant contributions Synthesis and characterization of three grade pectin xanthate for wastewater treatment.Cu removal in the range of 85–95% for an initial load of 2000 mg/L.Ni removal in the range of 76–93% for an initial load of 2000 mg/L.Adsorption capacities are found between 309 and 380 mg/g for Cu removal.Adsorption capacities are found between 299 and 329 mg/g for Ni removal.LEPIW treatment efficiency in the range of 54–76% for an initial COD of 2000 mg/L.
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of pectin-xanthate and their application in heavy metal and lignin enriched paper industry wastewater treatment","authors":"Arbind Chaurasiya, Poorn Prakash Pande, Ravi Shankar, Amar Nath, Narendra Pratap Tripathi","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2279942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2279942","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThree grades of pectin xanthates (PX1, PX2, and PX3) have been prepared by the reaction of pectin with carbon disulfide (CS2) in an alkaline medium using NaOH, via the xanthation process. The percentage yield of prepared pectin xanthates has been found to be 87.06%, 90.38%, and 93.80% for PX1, PX2, and PX3, respectively. Prepared pectin xanthates and raw pectin were utilized for heavy metals (Cu(II) and Ni(II)) and lignin enriched paper industry wastewater (LEPIW) treatment. The removal percentage of pectin, PX1, P X2, and PX3 for Cu removal at optimum condition (adsorbent dose: 5.14 g/L, pH: 5 for Cu and 7 for Ni, optimum temperature: 50°C and time: 80 min for Cu(II) and 100 min for Ni(II)) has been found as 85%, 92.33%, 93.5%, and 94.66% and 76.66%, 89.44%, 91.66%, and 93.33%, respectively, for Ni removal. The LEPIW treatment efficacy for pectin, PX1, PX2, and PX3 has been found to be 54%, 77%, 83%, and 86% for the initial COD: 2000 mg/L, pH: 7, optimum temperature: 40°C in 105 min operation time. Adsorption isotherm studies suggest that Langmuir isotherm is most appropriate which indicates adsorption follows chemisorption. The adsorption capacities of PX1, PX2, and PX3 are found as 309.59, 352.11, and 380.22 mg/g for Cu(II) and 299.40, 315.45, and 328.94 mg/g and for Ni(II), respectively, which is very high in comparison with many other recent literature studies.KEYWORDS: Xanthateadsorptionpaper wastewaterheavy metalCOD removal Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Manuscript’s most relevant contributions Synthesis and characterization of three grade pectin xanthate for wastewater treatment.Cu removal in the range of 85–95% for an initial load of 2000 mg/L.Ni removal in the range of 76–93% for an initial load of 2000 mg/L.Adsorption capacities are found between 309 and 380 mg/g for Cu removal.Adsorption capacities are found between 299 and 329 mg/g for Ni removal.LEPIW treatment efficiency in the range of 54–76% for an initial COD of 2000 mg/L.","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135137733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2261076
K. Salimi, S. Dadashzadeh, M. Aghaie
ABSTRACTThe gas centrifuge process is widely used in the world to separate binary and multi component mixtures of isotopes. The majority of a plant cost is related to the number of centrifuges in a cascade. The cascade should be built so that it uses the fewest possible centrifuges for a given product and waste concentrations. Minimizing the number of centrifuges and the total flow rates, is a key point in designing and optimizing isotope separation cascades. The main purpose of this paper is to present a novel swarm intelligence based algorithm to solve these kinds of problems. This novel algorithm, called the Horse Herd Optimization Algorithm (HOA), is inspired by the behavioral patterns of horses in their habitats. In this work, it is demonstrated that the suggested algorithm can solve complicated multidimensional problems. HOA is tested by some test functions of high-dimensions and the results are compared with the strongest available optimization algorithms. In next, the proposed algorithm is used to optimize gas centrifuge cascades for the separation of binary and multicomponent mixtures of isotopes in several cases. Also, ideal and optimum cascades are compared in different separating regimes of the stages, using this method. Considering the performance of HOA in solving multidimensional problems, this algorithm is proposed for the optimization of long cascades.KEYWORDS: Swarm intelligenceHOAgas CentrifugecascadeOptimization Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
{"title":"Optimization of isotopic binary and multi-component separation cascades using a novel nature-inspired horse herd algorithm","authors":"K. Salimi, S. Dadashzadeh, M. Aghaie","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2261076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2261076","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe gas centrifuge process is widely used in the world to separate binary and multi component mixtures of isotopes. The majority of a plant cost is related to the number of centrifuges in a cascade. The cascade should be built so that it uses the fewest possible centrifuges for a given product and waste concentrations. Minimizing the number of centrifuges and the total flow rates, is a key point in designing and optimizing isotope separation cascades. The main purpose of this paper is to present a novel swarm intelligence based algorithm to solve these kinds of problems. This novel algorithm, called the Horse Herd Optimization Algorithm (HOA), is inspired by the behavioral patterns of horses in their habitats. In this work, it is demonstrated that the suggested algorithm can solve complicated multidimensional problems. HOA is tested by some test functions of high-dimensions and the results are compared with the strongest available optimization algorithms. In next, the proposed algorithm is used to optimize gas centrifuge cascades for the separation of binary and multicomponent mixtures of isotopes in several cases. Also, ideal and optimum cascades are compared in different separating regimes of the stages, using this method. Considering the performance of HOA in solving multidimensional problems, this algorithm is proposed for the optimization of long cascades.KEYWORDS: Swarm intelligenceHOAgas CentrifugecascadeOptimization Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135667872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2266562
Satya Ranjan Guchhait, Kankan Patra, Kartikey K. Yadav, D.K. Singh, Arijit Sengupta, T. P. Valsala, D.B. Sathe, R.B. Bhatt
ABSTRACTPolyethersulfone (PES) composite beads encapsulating the extractants di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (DEHPA), tributyl phosphoric acid (TBP), and mixture of DEHPA & TBP were synthesized. The synthesis was carried out using phase inversion method. Subsequently, these PES beads were applied for the recovery of plutonium [Pu (IV)] from different aqueous acidic medium. In kinetic studies, the extraction of Pu (IV) was found to be fast and equilibrium was attained within 5 minutes. In batch sorption studies, the role of aqueous acidity and nitrate ion concentration on extraction efficiency was evaluated. Also, the effects of variation of acid medium, concentration of metal ion, extractant concentration were examined for Pu (IV) recovery. Back extraction was effectively carried out using oxalic acid. The reusability of the PES beads was tested for 10 extraction – stripping cycles.KEYWORDS: Polyethersulfone composite beadsDEHPATBPsorptiondesorptionnitric acidplutoniumsorption studies AcknowledgmentsAuthors acknowledge U. Dani, C.E, NRB, BARCDisclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
{"title":"Study of plutonium recovery from acidic feed using polyethersulfone encapsulating TBP, DEHPA, and mixture of TBP and DEHPA beads","authors":"Satya Ranjan Guchhait, Kankan Patra, Kartikey K. Yadav, D.K. Singh, Arijit Sengupta, T. P. Valsala, D.B. Sathe, R.B. Bhatt","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2266562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2266562","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTPolyethersulfone (PES) composite beads encapsulating the extractants di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (DEHPA), tributyl phosphoric acid (TBP), and mixture of DEHPA & TBP were synthesized. The synthesis was carried out using phase inversion method. Subsequently, these PES beads were applied for the recovery of plutonium [Pu (IV)] from different aqueous acidic medium. In kinetic studies, the extraction of Pu (IV) was found to be fast and equilibrium was attained within 5 minutes. In batch sorption studies, the role of aqueous acidity and nitrate ion concentration on extraction efficiency was evaluated. Also, the effects of variation of acid medium, concentration of metal ion, extractant concentration were examined for Pu (IV) recovery. Back extraction was effectively carried out using oxalic acid. The reusability of the PES beads was tested for 10 extraction – stripping cycles.KEYWORDS: Polyethersulfone composite beadsDEHPATBPsorptiondesorptionnitric acidplutoniumsorption studies AcknowledgmentsAuthors acknowledge U. Dani, C.E, NRB, BARCDisclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135045891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to develop a layered ammonium tin phosphate as a potential sorbent for removal of Pb2+ ions by exchange/sorption or other mechanism from contaminated solutions. A layered ammonium tin phosphate (NH4-SnP), δ-SnP – NH4 was synthesized using the hydrothermal process. XRD pattern of the NH4-SnP revealed that the final product obtained was δ-tin (IV) phosphate with the d(001)-spacing of about 14.8 Å containing ammonium ions and water molecules in the interlayers. In order to investigate the removal efficiency of Pb2+ cations by the NH4-SnP, batch-type of sorption experiments were carried out with 2 days of equilibration time at room temperature. Also, the kinetics of reaction was performed at room temperature to determine equilibrium time. The sorption isotherms for Pb2+ cations indicated that NH4-SnP showed high affinity for these ions with all the concentrations used. In addition, kinetic data showed preference for Pb2+ cations between NH4+ cation on the exchanger and Pb2+metal cation in solution. Based on these results, NH4-SnP can be proposed as an excellent sorbent for not only removal but also immobilization of Pb2+ ions from water and wastewater. Pb2+ ions were found to be immobilized as insoluble pyromorphite, Pb5(PO4)Cl after high uptakes.KEYWORDS: Pb2+ reactionPb2+ immobilizationpyromorphitePb2+ isothermδ-tin (IV) phosphate Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis research was supported by the College of Agricultural Sciences under Station Research Project No. PEN04705.
{"title":"Selective removal and simultaneous immobilization of Pb cations from solutions","authors":"Yunchul Cho, Jing Wang, Sungpyo Kim, Huaibin Zhang, Wenyan Huang, Sridhar Komarneni","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2262745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2262745","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to develop a layered ammonium tin phosphate as a potential sorbent for removal of Pb2+ ions by exchange/sorption or other mechanism from contaminated solutions. A layered ammonium tin phosphate (NH4-SnP), δ-SnP – NH4 was synthesized using the hydrothermal process. XRD pattern of the NH4-SnP revealed that the final product obtained was δ-tin (IV) phosphate with the d(001)-spacing of about 14.8 Å containing ammonium ions and water molecules in the interlayers. In order to investigate the removal efficiency of Pb2+ cations by the NH4-SnP, batch-type of sorption experiments were carried out with 2 days of equilibration time at room temperature. Also, the kinetics of reaction was performed at room temperature to determine equilibrium time. The sorption isotherms for Pb2+ cations indicated that NH4-SnP showed high affinity for these ions with all the concentrations used. In addition, kinetic data showed preference for Pb2+ cations between NH4+ cation on the exchanger and Pb2+metal cation in solution. Based on these results, NH4-SnP can be proposed as an excellent sorbent for not only removal but also immobilization of Pb2+ ions from water and wastewater. Pb2+ ions were found to be immobilized as insoluble pyromorphite, Pb5(PO4)Cl after high uptakes.KEYWORDS: Pb2+ reactionPb2+ immobilizationpyromorphitePb2+ isothermδ-tin (IV) phosphate Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis research was supported by the College of Agricultural Sciences under Station Research Project No. PEN04705.","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136342383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-26DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2260945
Zahra Raeisi, Bahman Farajmand, Parvaneh Nakhostin Panahi, Mohammad Reza Yaftian
ABSTRACTThe present lab-scale investigation describes a simple and efficient approach to the selective solvent extraction and recovery of gold, and copper as a by-product, from Waste Printed Circuit Boards (WPCBs) of different brands of used computers. The process comprised of three steps; leaching of scraps in aqua regia, solvent extraction process under optimized conditions, and ultimately selective back-extraction. The analysis of leach solution by inductively coupled plasma revealed, in addition to gold (0.14 wt%), copper (40.0 wt%), tin (11.9 wt%), and Ni (2.3 wt%) were the other main metals in the WPCBs. A solvent extraction procedure using trioctylamine, as extractant, dissolved in kerosene was employed for the extraction of gold as its anionic chloride-complexes from the leach liquor. The parameters affecting this process including hydrochloric acid concentration, equilibrium time, extractant concentration, initial gold concentration in the sample solution, and the aqueous/organic volume ratio were optimized by means of the statistical technique response surface methodology (RSM). Under the optimized extraction conditions, 99.6% of gold and 23.4% of copper were transferred into the organic phase, while the extracted percentage of other metal ions were negligible. Selective back-extraction by the solution 0.1 M NaOH resulted in the selective precipitation of copper, while the raffinate contained just gold ions.KEYWORDS: Goldcopperrecyclingsolvent extractionselective back-extractiontrioctylamineresponse surface methodology optimization Disclosure statementThe authors declare no conflict of interest.Statement of NoveltyThe present paper aims to report a new, low-cost, efficient, and simple solvent extraction method, using a solution of trioctylamine dissolved in kerosene, followed by a selective back-extraction procedure method, for efficient recovery of gold from leach liquor of Waste Printed Circuit Boards (WPCBs). The presented method allowed also to obtain metallic copper as the by-product
摘要本文研究了一种简单有效的方法，从不同品牌的废旧计算机印刷电路板(wpcb)中选择性溶剂萃取和回收副产物金和铜。这个过程包括三个步骤;废渣在王水中浸出，优化条件下的溶剂萃取工艺，最终选择性反萃取。通过电感耦合等离子体对浸出液的分析发现，除金(0.14 wt%)外，铜(40.0 wt%)、锡(11.9 wt%)和镍(2.3 wt%)是wpcb中的主要金属。采用煤油溶解三辛胺为萃取剂的溶剂萃取法，从浸出液中提取金的阴离子氯化物络合物。采用统计响应面法(RSM)对盐酸浓度、平衡时间、萃取剂浓度、样品溶液中初始金浓度、水有机体积比等参数进行优化。在优化的萃取条件下，99.6%的金和23.4%的铜被转移到有机相中，而其他金属离子的提取率可以忽略不计。0.1 M NaOH溶液选择性反萃取导致铜离子选择性沉淀，而萃液中只含有金离子。关键词:金铜回收溶剂萃取选择性反萃取三辛胺响应面法优化本文报道了一种新的、低成本、高效、简单的溶剂萃取方法，即用三辛胺溶解于煤油中，然后采用选择性反萃取法，从废弃印刷电路板(wpcb)浸出液中高效回收金。所提出的方法还允许获得金属铜作为副产品
{"title":"Gold recovery from electronic wastes using a solvent extraction/selective back-extraction strategy","authors":"Zahra Raeisi, Bahman Farajmand, Parvaneh Nakhostin Panahi, Mohammad Reza Yaftian","doi":"10.1080/01496395.2023.2260945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2023.2260945","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe present lab-scale investigation describes a simple and efficient approach to the selective solvent extraction and recovery of gold, and copper as a by-product, from Waste Printed Circuit Boards (WPCBs) of different brands of used computers. The process comprised of three steps; leaching of scraps in aqua regia, solvent extraction process under optimized conditions, and ultimately selective back-extraction. The analysis of leach solution by inductively coupled plasma revealed, in addition to gold (0.14 wt%), copper (40.0 wt%), tin (11.9 wt%), and Ni (2.3 wt%) were the other main metals in the WPCBs. A solvent extraction procedure using trioctylamine, as extractant, dissolved in kerosene was employed for the extraction of gold as its anionic chloride-complexes from the leach liquor. The parameters affecting this process including hydrochloric acid concentration, equilibrium time, extractant concentration, initial gold concentration in the sample solution, and the aqueous/organic volume ratio were optimized by means of the statistical technique response surface methodology (RSM). Under the optimized extraction conditions, 99.6% of gold and 23.4% of copper were transferred into the organic phase, while the extracted percentage of other metal ions were negligible. Selective back-extraction by the solution 0.1 M NaOH resulted in the selective precipitation of copper, while the raffinate contained just gold ions.KEYWORDS: Goldcopperrecyclingsolvent extractionselective back-extractiontrioctylamineresponse surface methodology optimization Disclosure statementThe authors declare no conflict of interest.Statement of NoveltyThe present paper aims to report a new, low-cost, efficient, and simple solvent extraction method, using a solution of trioctylamine dissolved in kerosene, followed by a selective back-extraction procedure method, for efficient recovery of gold from leach liquor of Waste Printed Circuit Boards (WPCBs). The presented method allowed also to obtain metallic copper as the by-product","PeriodicalId":21680,"journal":{"name":"Separation Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134886624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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