The Bowtie method is a qualitative incorporating management system technique. The theory behind the bow tie approach can be found in the “Swiss cheese model” of Reason. The Royal Dutch/Shell Group was the first major company to integrate fully the total bow-tie methodology into its business practices and then the bowtie has become popular as a structured method to assess risk where a quantitative approach is not possible or desirable. Its essence is to establish how many safety barriers there are available to prevent, control or mitigate the identified scenarios, and the quality of those barriers.
{"title":"The Bowtie method in safety management system: A literature review","authors":"Seyed Shamseddin Alizadeh, Parisa Moshashaei","doi":"10.14196/SJR.V4I9.1933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJR.V4I9.1933","url":null,"abstract":"The Bowtie method is a qualitative incorporating management system technique. The theory behind the bow tie approach can be found in the “Swiss cheese model” of Reason. The Royal Dutch/Shell Group was the first major company to integrate fully the total bow-tie methodology into its business practices and then the bowtie has become popular as a structured method to assess risk where a quantitative approach is not possible or desirable. Its essence is to establish how many safety barriers there are available to prevent, control or mitigate the identified scenarios, and the quality of those barriers.","PeriodicalId":21707,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Review","volume":"503 1","pages":"133-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76509712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper aims to check whether the mere materials of SLA are input and output or there is another practical option. To this aim, some perspectives reviewed and some studies compared in terms of the correct form and meaning production of language (output). Different functions of output and the way it is thought about, produced and revised are discussed in detail. Two compared studies revealed how produces the output correctly in terms of the form and meaning. Finally, the paper concluded that, in respect of the reviewed studies, input and output are not the mere materials to SLA and a more practical one can be dialogue, which at least provides more accurate learning.
{"title":"Are input and output alone in SLA communications","authors":"S. Yazdani","doi":"10.14196/SJR.V4I7.1887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJR.V4I7.1887","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to check whether the mere materials of SLA are input and output or there is another practical option. To this aim, some perspectives reviewed and some studies compared in terms of the correct form and meaning production of language (output). Different functions of output and the way it is thought about, produced and revised are discussed in detail. Two compared studies revealed how produces the output correctly in terms of the form and meaning. Finally, the paper concluded that, in respect of the reviewed studies, input and output are not the mere materials to SLA and a more practical one can be dialogue, which at least provides more accurate learning.","PeriodicalId":21707,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Review","volume":"19 1","pages":"104-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80886454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haji Omid Kalte, A. Jonidi, H. Asilian, A. Soleymanian
Nitrogen oxides are one of the most important air pollutants in environment and industrythat due to the adverse health and environmental effects should be refined before discharging into the environment. The photocatalytic oxidation method of nitrogen oxide into nitrogen Dioxide for better absorption insolutions is a promising method for removing of nitrogen oxides. Laboratory system used in this study is included of a source of gas source, mixing chamber, photocatalytic oxidation reactor, measuring system for nitrogen oxidation. Zinc oxide nanoparticles which were simulated by UV-A radiation would be used for photocatalytic oxidation. Inlet concentration of nitrogen oxide and the amount of stabilized nanoparticles in reactor for converting nitrogen oxide into nitrogen dioxide has been investigated. Results showed that the amount of monotonic converting of nitrogen oxide into nitrogen dioxide in the amount of Nano-particles is stabilized 8mg/cm 2 for inlet concentration 100,150,200 ppm and respectively equivalent to 15, 26 and 32%. This study showed that increasing concentration of inletnitrogen oxide in system, reduce the capacity of photocatalytic oxidation for converting nitrogen oxide into nitrogen dioxide.
{"title":"Investigating the effect of gas flow rate and amount of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the efficacy of photocatalytic oxidation process of nitrogen oxide from waste airstream","authors":"Haji Omid Kalte, A. Jonidi, H. Asilian, A. Soleymanian","doi":"10.14196/SJR.V4I7.1896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJR.V4I7.1896","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen oxides are one of the most important air pollutants in environment and industrythat due to the adverse health and environmental effects should be refined before discharging into the environment. The photocatalytic oxidation method of nitrogen oxide into nitrogen Dioxide for better absorption insolutions is a promising method for removing of nitrogen oxides. Laboratory system used in this study is included of a source of gas source, mixing chamber, photocatalytic oxidation reactor, measuring system for nitrogen oxidation. Zinc oxide nanoparticles which were simulated by UV-A radiation would be used for photocatalytic oxidation. Inlet concentration of nitrogen oxide and the amount of stabilized nanoparticles in reactor for converting nitrogen oxide into nitrogen dioxide has been investigated. Results showed that the amount of monotonic converting of nitrogen oxide into nitrogen dioxide in the amount of Nano-particles is stabilized 8mg/cm 2 for inlet concentration 100,150,200 ppm and respectively equivalent to 15, 26 and 32%. This study showed that increasing concentration of inletnitrogen oxide in system, reduce the capacity of photocatalytic oxidation for converting nitrogen oxide into nitrogen dioxide.","PeriodicalId":21707,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Review","volume":"63 1","pages":"87-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82185401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to climatic change and variability, achieving sustainability in agricultural development with emphasis on satisfying basic human needs and improving people’s standard of living through enhancing food security and reducing poverty has been a challenge in Southern Africa. This discussion is a synthesis of counter productive developmental disparities in agricultural production in poor communities, focusing on issues of research, science and technology, and how these may influence agricultural development in the context of climate change. This gives possible insight on research, science and technological innovations that can be explored as strategies for agricultural development tailored made for poor communities, focusing particularly on Southern Africa. Climate change and variability is an area in which considerable uncertainty remains, especially in developing countries with implications suggesting that the future holds many types of disruption in poor communities, but no clear trends have yet been identified, whereas observations of the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity in the world's poorest people are often alarmist. Research, science and technology plays a key role in economic growth, social development, cultural enrichment and democratic empowerment. It is assumed that through the ‘gender lens’ an understanding of engendered research, science and technology through examination of specific gender roles, activities, responsibilities, opportunities and constraints in agricultural production which compromise the achievement of greater equality between women and men within their spheres of interaction in agricultural production will address the fundamental issue of climate change and agricultural productivity. Gender is a socio-economic variable which can be used to analyze vulnerability and adaptive capacity of people against climate change and variability in local communities in Southern Africa. Dealing with the inevitable impact of climate change is now high on the agricultural development agenda in most developing countries. Therefore, engaging in appropriate research, climate change science and agricultural technologies targeted at poor rural people through planning adaptation and mitigation efforts can reduce the risks of climate change while accelerating progress towards food security and reducing poverty. In this discussion, it is noted that apart from appropriate research, climate change sciences and technology as some of the strategic steps that can be adopted for future viable agricultural production in the context of climate change, it may also include and not limited to the following: promotion of gender equality and equity in agricultural production in terms of resource allocation, training and gender sensitive policies. This gives room for innovative prospects for the agricultural systems of the future, supplemented by a critical look at all the major mitigation and adaptation attempts under way and
{"title":"Pro poor research, science and technology for agricultural development in the context of climate change and variability in Southern Africa.","authors":"N. Assan","doi":"10.14196/SJR.V4I7.1895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJR.V4I7.1895","url":null,"abstract":"Due to climatic change and variability, achieving sustainability in agricultural development with emphasis on satisfying basic human needs and improving people’s standard of living through enhancing food security and reducing poverty has been a challenge in Southern Africa. This discussion is a synthesis of counter productive developmental disparities in agricultural production in poor communities, focusing on issues of research, science and technology, and how these may influence agricultural development in the context of climate change. This gives possible insight on research, science and technological innovations that can be explored as strategies for agricultural development tailored made for poor communities, focusing particularly on Southern Africa. Climate change and variability is an area in which considerable uncertainty remains, especially in developing countries with implications suggesting that the future holds many types of disruption in poor communities, but no clear trends have yet been identified, whereas observations of the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity in the world's poorest people are often alarmist. Research, science and technology plays a key role in economic growth, social development, cultural enrichment and democratic empowerment. It is assumed that through the ‘gender lens’ an understanding of engendered research, science and technology through examination of specific gender roles, activities, responsibilities, opportunities and constraints in agricultural production which compromise the achievement of greater equality between women and men within their spheres of interaction in agricultural production will address the fundamental issue of climate change and agricultural productivity. Gender is a socio-economic variable which can be used to analyze vulnerability and adaptive capacity of people against climate change and variability in local communities in Southern Africa. Dealing with the inevitable impact of climate change is now high on the agricultural development agenda in most developing countries. Therefore, engaging in appropriate research, climate change science and agricultural technologies targeted at poor rural people through planning adaptation and mitigation efforts can reduce the risks of climate change while accelerating progress towards food security and reducing poverty. In this discussion, it is noted that apart from appropriate research, climate change sciences and technology as some of the strategic steps that can be adopted for future viable agricultural production in the context of climate change, it may also include and not limited to the following: promotion of gender equality and equity in agricultural production in terms of resource allocation, training and gender sensitive policies. This gives room for innovative prospects for the agricultural systems of the future, supplemented by a critical look at all the major mitigation and adaptation attempts under way and ","PeriodicalId":21707,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Review","volume":"4 1","pages":"95-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73914659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gender is a socio-economic variable which can be used to analyze adaptation, vulnerability and resilience of people against climate change and variability in local communities in Sub Saharan Africa (Assan, 2014). Climate change refers to the variation in the global or regional climates over time. It describes changes in the variability or average state of the atmosphere over time scales ranging from a decade to millions of years (Ayoade, 2003). Gender-differentiated impacts of climate change on women and men in developing countries will have detrimental effects on agricultural productivity, biodiversity and ecosystem services. This is because they have the least capacity or opportunity and knowledge to prepare for the impacts of a changing climate given their limited resources (Nelson et al. 2010). According to Nellemann et al., (2011) adaptation, vulnerability and resilience of people to climate change depend upon a range of conditions. These vary from their degree of exposure and dependency upon weather patterns for livelihoods and food security, to varying capacities in adaptation, which are influenced by gender, social status, economic poverty, power, access, and control and ownership over resources in the household, community and society. Climate change is a global phenomenon, with impacts that are already being experienced on a human level, and around the world, many of the most vulnerable communities are already struggling to cope with the impacts of climate change. Therefore, it is reasonable to suggest that climate change is reshaping human civilization and our knowledge on how we respond to climate change calamities will determine the future of mankind. It is recognised that it is those who are already the most vulnerable and marginalised who experience the greatest impacts (IPCC, 2007), and are in the greatest need of adaptation strategies in the face of shifts in weather patterns and resulting environmental phenomena. There is need for gender sensitive adaptation strategies in the face of existing climate change impacts on human activity and food security, including how these are manifested in different contexts. Men and women experience particular gendered vulnerabilities in climate change induced disasters, therefore there is need to identify the ext
性别是一个社会经济变量，可用于分析撒哈拉以南非洲当地社区人们对气候变化和变异的适应、脆弱性和复原力(Assan, 2014)。气候变化是指全球或区域气候随时间的变化。它描述了从十年到数百万年不等的时间尺度上大气的变率或平均状态的变化(Ayoade, 2003)。气候变化对发展中国家男女的不同性别影响将对农业生产力、生物多样性和生态系统服务产生不利影响。这是因为在资源有限的情况下，它们准备应对气候变化影响的能力、机会和知识最少(Nelson et al. 2010)。Nellemann等人(2011)认为，人类对气候变化的适应、脆弱性和复原力取决于一系列条件。这些因素各不相同，从生计和粮食安全对天气模式的暴露程度和依赖程度，到适应能力各不相同，而适应能力受性别、社会地位、经济贫困、权力、获取、以及家庭、社区和社会对资源的控制和所有权的影响。气候变化是一种全球现象，已经对人类产生了影响，在世界各地，许多最脆弱的社区已经在努力应对气候变化的影响。因此，我们有理由认为，气候变化正在重塑人类文明，我们如何应对气候变化灾难的知识将决定人类的未来。人们认识到，最脆弱和最边缘化的群体受到的影响最大(IPCC, 2007)，面对天气模式的变化和由此产生的环境现象，他们最需要适应战略。面对现有的气候变化对人类活动和粮食安全的影响，需要制定对性别问题敏感的适应战略，包括这些影响在不同背景下的表现。在气候变化引发的灾害中，男性和女性特别容易受到性别歧视，因此有必要确定性别歧视
{"title":"Engendered climate change impact and response knowledge, and its implication for adaptation, vulnerability and resilience in Sub Saharan Africa","authors":"N. Assan, P. Sibanda","doi":"10.14196/SJR.V4I6.1882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJR.V4I6.1882","url":null,"abstract":"Gender is a socio-economic variable which can be used to analyze adaptation, vulnerability and resilience of people against climate change and variability in local communities in Sub Saharan Africa (Assan, 2014). Climate change refers to the variation in the global or regional climates over time. It describes changes in the variability or average state of the atmosphere over time scales ranging from a decade to millions of years (Ayoade, 2003). Gender-differentiated impacts of climate change on women and men in developing countries will have detrimental effects on agricultural productivity, biodiversity and ecosystem services. This is because they have the least capacity or opportunity and knowledge to prepare for the impacts of a changing climate given their limited resources (Nelson et al. 2010). According to Nellemann et al., (2011) adaptation, vulnerability and resilience of people to climate change depend upon a range of conditions. These vary from their degree of exposure and dependency upon weather patterns for livelihoods and food security, to varying capacities in adaptation, which are influenced by gender, social status, economic poverty, power, access, and control and ownership over resources in the household, community and society. Climate change is a global phenomenon, with impacts that are already being experienced on a human level, and around the world, many of the most vulnerable communities are already struggling to cope with the impacts of climate change. Therefore, it is reasonable to suggest that climate change is reshaping human civilization and our knowledge on how we respond to climate change calamities will determine the future of mankind. It is recognised that it is those who are already the most vulnerable and marginalised who experience the greatest impacts (IPCC, 2007), and are in the greatest need of adaptation strategies in the face of shifts in weather patterns and resulting environmental phenomena. There is need for gender sensitive adaptation strategies in the face of existing climate change impacts on human activity and food security, including how these are manifested in different contexts. Men and women experience particular gendered vulnerabilities in climate change induced disasters, therefore there is need to identify the ext","PeriodicalId":21707,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Review","volume":"287 ","pages":"78-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91445766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Majid Saghi, A. Lotfi, Mohammad Hosein Bigtan, Reza Zare
Enaminones are the large category of chemical compounds that their numerous applications caused to be interested by researchers and scientists in two important experimental and theoretical forms. Calculating chemistry as one of the vital field for the chemistry can help us to investigate of enaminone structures. Our three isomers of the compounds are enaminone. In this research, Sustainability and inter-molecular hydrogen bond strength of each isomer is investigated. Four methods HF, B3LYP, B3P86, B3PW91 and two basis set 6-311G**, 6-311++G** were used in order to making calculation. The results of calculations in geometry parameters indicated that in our parameters, B3P86 method and 6-311++G** basis set have considerable preference than other methods and basis sets. In regarding to this method and basis set, hydrogen bonding was investigated and the third isomer (III) showed the strongest hydrogen bond achieved. Finally theoretical vibrational frequencies, in B3P86/6-311++G** basis set was investigated.
{"title":"Studying the geometric parameters, stability of isomer and IR frequencies in enaminone compounds with the DFT and HF methods: A theoretical study","authors":"Majid Saghi, A. Lotfi, Mohammad Hosein Bigtan, Reza Zare","doi":"10.14196/SJR.V4I5.1872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJR.V4I5.1872","url":null,"abstract":"Enaminones are the large category of chemical compounds that their numerous applications caused to be interested by researchers and scientists in two important experimental and theoretical forms. Calculating chemistry as one of the vital field for the chemistry can help us to investigate of enaminone structures. Our three isomers of the compounds are enaminone. In this research, Sustainability and inter-molecular hydrogen bond strength of each isomer is investigated. Four methods HF, B3LYP, B3P86, B3PW91 and two basis set 6-311G**, 6-311++G** were used in order to making calculation. The results of calculations in geometry parameters indicated that in our parameters, B3P86 method and 6-311++G** basis set have considerable preference than other methods and basis sets. In regarding to this method and basis set, hydrogen bonding was investigated and the third isomer (III) showed the strongest hydrogen bond achieved. Finally theoretical vibrational frequencies, in B3P86/6-311++G** basis set was investigated.","PeriodicalId":21707,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"71-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84647566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nowadays, I have to find methods and new weapons on the battlefield to enhance the military capability that the most important is increasing of power in electronic wars. Maybe in the past, many soldiers on the battlefield, commanded of strong of the commanders, increase the military strength of a country and use of new techniques on the battlefield, caused which we win but nowadays all of them have been affected by electronic wars. With the help of sensor networks on the battlefield, we can obtain much information on many war fronts. (For example, Battlefield simulation, enemy's front simulation, espionage, movement control and surveillance in the region, number of enemy soldiers). We can distribute smart dusts (like of mica particles) by planes or missiles. Then we can analyze all of information with the help of special software. In this research I have tried to explore the challenges involved in military environments. At the end to solve the existing problems, I have presented solutions with the help of wireless sensor networks.
{"title":"The applications of wireless sensor networks in military environments","authors":"A. Baradaran","doi":"10.14196/SJR.V4I5.1840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJR.V4I5.1840","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, I have to find methods and new weapons on the battlefield to enhance the military capability that the most important is increasing of power in electronic wars. Maybe in the past, many soldiers on the battlefield, commanded of strong of the commanders, increase the military strength of a country and use of new techniques on the battlefield, caused which we win but nowadays all of them have been affected by electronic wars. With the help of sensor networks on the battlefield, we can obtain much information on many war fronts. (For example, Battlefield simulation, enemy's front simulation, espionage, movement control and surveillance in the region, number of enemy soldiers). We can distribute smart dusts (like of mica particles) by planes or missiles. Then we can analyze all of information with the help of special software. In this research I have tried to explore the challenges involved in military environments. At the end to solve the existing problems, I have presented solutions with the help of wireless sensor networks.","PeriodicalId":21707,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Review","volume":"15 1","pages":"55-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85160010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Psychonarratology studies the cognitive processes of narrative comprehension in readers’ minds. There are thus close ties between psychonarratology and cognitive processes of mind while reading a narrative. This study aims to provide definitions and explanations for the two basic crucial concepts of ‘psychonarratology’ and ‘narrative’. First, it considers the role of readers in narrative comprehension and for this reader response theory and reception theory are elaborated on. Then, the cognitive processes which are active during narrative comprehension, are discussed. Three models of this cognitive processes are presented as well. ‘Narrative’, among other discourse genres, is the focus of this study. Because of its distinctive features, a narrative has its unique way of being understood. The processes of narrative comprehension will be considered and elaborated on in this study.
{"title":"Psychonarratology: from cognitive processes to readers’ narrative comprehension","authors":"L. Jorfi, M. Ahmadian","doi":"10.14196/SJR.V4I3.1833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJR.V4I3.1833","url":null,"abstract":"Psychonarratology studies the cognitive processes of narrative comprehension in readers’ minds. There are thus close ties between psychonarratology and cognitive processes of mind while reading a narrative. This study aims to provide definitions and explanations for the two basic crucial concepts of ‘psychonarratology’ and ‘narrative’. First, it considers the role of readers in narrative comprehension and for this reader response theory and reception theory are elaborated on. Then, the cognitive processes which are active during narrative comprehension, are discussed. Three models of this cognitive processes are presented as well. ‘Narrative’, among other discourse genres, is the focus of this study. Because of its distinctive features, a narrative has its unique way of being understood. The processes of narrative comprehension will be considered and elaborated on in this study.","PeriodicalId":21707,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Review","volume":"1 1","pages":"47-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75447956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To compare the transverse strength and impact strength of a high impact heat cure denture base resin with that of a conventional heat cure denture base resin reinforced with E-glass and polyethylene fibers. To investigate the relative efficacy of addition of E-glass and polyethylene fibers in improving the impact and transverse strength of a commercially available conventional heat cure resin and compare that with high impact heat cure denture base resin. 80 het cure denture base resin blocks samples; 20 of conventional heat cure denture base resin (DPI India), 20 of high impact heat cure denture base resin (Trevalon High Impact, Dentsply International, Germany), 20 of E-glass fiber(India chemicals limited, Ahmadabad, India) reinforced heat cure denture base resin and 20 of polyethylene (India chemicals limited, Ahmadabad, India) reinforced heat cure denture base resin respectively) were tested with Lloyd’s instrument material (Milano, Italy Model No. LR 100K) for transverse strength and Charpy digital impact tester (Milano, Italy Model No. IZOD 44) for impact strength. There was significant increase in transverse and impact strength values of conventional heat cure denture base resin reinforced with E-glass and polyethylene fibers. However transverse strength of high impact heat cure denture base resin was still higher than conventional heat cure denture base resin reinforced with E-glass and polyethylene fibers.
{"title":"Comparison of transverse strength and impact strength of a high impact heat cure denture base resin with that of a conventional heat cure denture base resin reinforced with E-glass and polyethylene fibers","authors":"Ubaid Iqbal, T. Naqash","doi":"10.14196/SJR.V4I2.1827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJR.V4I2.1827","url":null,"abstract":"To compare the transverse strength and impact strength of a high impact heat cure denture base resin with that of a conventional heat cure denture base resin reinforced with E-glass and polyethylene fibers. To investigate the relative efficacy of addition of E-glass and polyethylene fibers in improving the impact and transverse strength of a commercially available conventional heat cure resin and compare that with high impact heat cure denture base resin. 80 het cure denture base resin blocks samples; 20 of conventional heat cure denture base resin (DPI India), 20 of high impact heat cure denture base resin (Trevalon High Impact, Dentsply International, Germany), 20 of E-glass fiber(India chemicals limited, Ahmadabad, India) reinforced heat cure denture base resin and 20 of polyethylene (India chemicals limited, Ahmadabad, India) reinforced heat cure denture base resin respectively) were tested with Lloyd’s instrument material (Milano, Italy Model No. LR 100K) for transverse strength and Charpy digital impact tester (Milano, Italy Model No. IZOD 44) for impact strength. There was significant increase in transverse and impact strength values of conventional heat cure denture base resin reinforced with E-glass and polyethylene fibers. However transverse strength of high impact heat cure denture base resin was still higher than conventional heat cure denture base resin reinforced with E-glass and polyethylene fibers.","PeriodicalId":21707,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Review","volume":"59 4 1","pages":"17-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72882545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article discusses a comprehensive review of biomass energy sources, environment and sustainable development. This includes all the biomass energy technologies, energy efficiency systems, energy conservation scenarios, energy savings and other mitigation measures necessary to reduce emissions. The current literature is reviewed regarding the ecological, social, cultural and economic impacts of biomass technology. This article gives an overview of present and future use of biomass as an industrial feedstock for production of fuels, chemicals and other materials. However, to be truly competitive in an open market situation, higher value products are required. Results suggest that biomass technology must be encouraged, promoted, invested, implemented, and demonstrated, but especially in remote rural areas.
{"title":"Focus on bio-engineering for pollution prevention through sustainable development of bioenergy management.","authors":"A. Omer","doi":"10.14196/SJR.V4I2.1831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJR.V4I2.1831","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses a comprehensive review of biomass energy sources, environment and sustainable development. This includes all the biomass energy technologies, energy efficiency systems, energy conservation scenarios, energy savings and other mitigation measures necessary to reduce emissions. The current literature is reviewed regarding the ecological, social, cultural and economic impacts of biomass technology. This article gives an overview of present and future use of biomass as an industrial feedstock for production of fuels, chemicals and other materials. However, to be truly competitive in an open market situation, higher value products are required. Results suggest that biomass technology must be encouraged, promoted, invested, implemented, and demonstrated, but especially in remote rural areas.","PeriodicalId":21707,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Review","volume":"80 1","pages":"22-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91308847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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