Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2023.2175295
S. Mohammadi, E. Ranjbarnodeh, M. Soltanalinejad, H. Nikdehghan, M. Pouranvari
The metallurgical joining between cast A359 aluminium alloy and AISI321 stainless steel using pure Zn as the interlayer was performed slightly above Al–Zn eutectic temperature. The liquid phase was formed by a eutectic reaction between Al and Zn and subsequently isothermally solidified by diffusion of Zn into the A359 base metal (i.e. reactive transient liquid phase bonding). The formation of a Zn-rich diffusion affected zone in A359, incorporation of Si particles into the bond zone, formation of a thin Al–Fe–Si intermetallic at the steel interface, and isothermal solidification of the liquid phase and subsequent Al–Zn eutectoid transformation govern the microstructure of the joint. The resultant bond microstructure does not deleteriously affect the heat sink function of Al base metal.
{"title":"Microstructural evaluation in dissimilar liquid phase bonding of cast Al–Si alloy and stainless steel using pure zinc filler metal","authors":"S. Mohammadi, E. Ranjbarnodeh, M. Soltanalinejad, H. Nikdehghan, M. Pouranvari","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2023.2175295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2023.2175295","url":null,"abstract":"The metallurgical joining between cast A359 aluminium alloy and AISI321 stainless steel using pure Zn as the interlayer was performed slightly above Al–Zn eutectic temperature. The liquid phase was formed by a eutectic reaction between Al and Zn and subsequently isothermally solidified by diffusion of Zn into the A359 base metal (i.e. reactive transient liquid phase bonding). The formation of a Zn-rich diffusion affected zone in A359, incorporation of Si particles into the bond zone, formation of a thin Al–Fe–Si intermetallic at the steel interface, and isothermal solidification of the liquid phase and subsequent Al–Zn eutectoid transformation govern the microstructure of the joint. The resultant bond microstructure does not deleteriously affect the heat sink function of Al base metal.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"455 - 460"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49335146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-07DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2023.2173878
Farzad Habibi, A. Samadi
In dissimilar brazing, the differences in physical properties between the components lead to residual stresses. An active filler alloy Cu-20.5Sn-20Ag-3.5Ti was developed to braze the Cu-Al2O3 composites (containing 25 and 50 volume pct. Al2O3) to copper. Two mechanisms were proposed for chemical bonding as a result of alumina reinforcements reduction by the active titanium, including the formation of Ti3(Cu,Al,Sn)3O layer beside the Ti2O in Cu/Cu-25%Al2O3 joints; and the solidification of Ti3(Cu,Al,Sn)3O in the vicinity of TiO layer/Cu4Ti islands in the Cu/Cu-50%Al2O3 joints. Some intermetallic compounds such as Cu3Ti2 and Cu41Sn11 are formed/coarsened with an extra increase in brazing temperature. An increase in brazing time improves the thickness of the TiOx layer with no sensible effect on Ti3(Cu,Al,Sn)3O width.
{"title":"Interfacial reactions in actively brazed Cu-Al2O3 composites and copper using a newly developed Cu-Sn-Ag-Ti filler alloy","authors":"Farzad Habibi, A. Samadi","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2023.2173878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2023.2173878","url":null,"abstract":"In dissimilar brazing, the differences in physical properties between the components lead to residual stresses. An active filler alloy Cu-20.5Sn-20Ag-3.5Ti was developed to braze the Cu-Al2O3 composites (containing 25 and 50 volume pct. Al2O3) to copper. Two mechanisms were proposed for chemical bonding as a result of alumina reinforcements reduction by the active titanium, including the formation of Ti3(Cu,Al,Sn)3O layer beside the Ti2O in Cu/Cu-25%Al2O3 joints; and the solidification of Ti3(Cu,Al,Sn)3O in the vicinity of TiO layer/Cu4Ti islands in the Cu/Cu-50%Al2O3 joints. Some intermetallic compounds such as Cu3Ti2 and Cu41Sn11 are formed/coarsened with an extra increase in brazing temperature. An increase in brazing time improves the thickness of the TiOx layer with no sensible effect on Ti3(Cu,Al,Sn)3O width.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"444 - 454"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45151934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-02DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2023.2172651
Ziqian Wang, Yongyong Liu, T. Yuan, Lei Wang, Shujun Chen, Qiang Gao
The dissimilar AZ31B/AZ61 Mg alloy joints were fabricated by pulse current-assisted friction stir welding (PCaFSW). The maximum tensile strength and elongation were 314.28 MPa and 13.66%, respectively. A micro interlocking structure was formed and the grain refinement effect was enhanced by the PCaFSW process, which was improved relative to that in the conventional FSW. The enhanced strength and plasticity with increasing pulse current were attributable to the grain refinement, weakening of texture strength, formation of nano-scale precipitates and increase of short dislocation lines. The fracture mode was transformed from a brittle fracture mode to a combined fracture mode of brittle and ductile fractures.
{"title":"Microstructure and enhanced mechanical performances of dissimilar Mg alloys fabricated by pulse current-assisted friction stir welding (PCaFSW)","authors":"Ziqian Wang, Yongyong Liu, T. Yuan, Lei Wang, Shujun Chen, Qiang Gao","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2023.2172651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2023.2172651","url":null,"abstract":"The dissimilar AZ31B/AZ61 Mg alloy joints were fabricated by pulse current-assisted friction stir welding (PCaFSW). The maximum tensile strength and elongation were 314.28 MPa and 13.66%, respectively. A micro interlocking structure was formed and the grain refinement effect was enhanced by the PCaFSW process, which was improved relative to that in the conventional FSW. The enhanced strength and plasticity with increasing pulse current were attributable to the grain refinement, weakening of texture strength, formation of nano-scale precipitates and increase of short dislocation lines. The fracture mode was transformed from a brittle fracture mode to a combined fracture mode of brittle and ductile fractures.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"433 - 443"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44201242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-23DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2023.2168933
P. K. Chaurasia, S. Goecke, A. De
Cross-sectional asymmetry of melt pools along adjacent tracks results in an uneven build surface in gas metal arc-directed energy deposition. We present here a novel attempt on real-time monitoring of melt pool cross-sectional asymmetry in terms of its lateral and angular deviations from the track centreline using a two-colour quotient thermal camera. The melt pool lateral and angular deviations are found to be 2–3 mm, and 8–12°, respectively, for the range of process conditions. A unique analytical methodology is proposed that shows a hatch spacing of around 72–76% of the width of a deposited track can reduce melt pool asymmetry and layer height variations along adjacent tracks, which is also observed experimentally.
{"title":"Monitoring melt pool asymmetry in gas metal arc-directed energy deposition","authors":"P. K. Chaurasia, S. Goecke, A. De","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2023.2168933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2023.2168933","url":null,"abstract":"Cross-sectional asymmetry of melt pools along adjacent tracks results in an uneven build surface in gas metal arc-directed energy deposition. We present here a novel attempt on real-time monitoring of melt pool cross-sectional asymmetry in terms of its lateral and angular deviations from the track centreline using a two-colour quotient thermal camera. The melt pool lateral and angular deviations are found to be 2–3 mm, and 8–12°, respectively, for the range of process conditions. A unique analytical methodology is proposed that shows a hatch spacing of around 72–76% of the width of a deposited track can reduce melt pool asymmetry and layer height variations along adjacent tracks, which is also observed experimentally.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"424 - 432"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42961790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-23DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2023.2167779
Chang Gao, Haidong Yu, Bin-Xian Gu, Yujin Lin
Clamping scheme may change the local stiffness and affect the welding deformation which is very important for the large thin-walled joints connected by friction stir welding with heavy load and heat production. In this paper, the welding experiments of large thin-walled joints were conducted and the numerical simulation model is established based on three-dimensional stress mapping method. The accuracy of the numerical model is verified and welding deformation with various clamping distances is discussed. The restraint intensity index is employed to describe the influence of clamping distance on the stiffness of welding seam and welding deformation. The mechanism of welding deformation with the effect of clamping distance is well revealed by the analysis of welding stress and restraint intensity.
{"title":"The deformation analysis of friction stir welding with different clamping distances for large thin-walled joints","authors":"Chang Gao, Haidong Yu, Bin-Xian Gu, Yujin Lin","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2023.2167779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2023.2167779","url":null,"abstract":"Clamping scheme may change the local stiffness and affect the welding deformation which is very important for the large thin-walled joints connected by friction stir welding with heavy load and heat production. In this paper, the welding experiments of large thin-walled joints were conducted and the numerical simulation model is established based on three-dimensional stress mapping method. The accuracy of the numerical model is verified and welding deformation with various clamping distances is discussed. The restraint intensity index is employed to describe the influence of clamping distance on the stiffness of welding seam and welding deformation. The mechanism of welding deformation with the effect of clamping distance is well revealed by the analysis of welding stress and restraint intensity.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"415 - 423"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42529026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-19DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2023.2167568
Jingyu Huo, Boyuan Zhang, Chuangkai Li, Minghuo Luo, Tao Chen, Liang Guo, Aiping Luo, Nan Zhao, Jiaming Li, Qingmao Zhang
Devices consisting of glass and metal are widely applied to many fields. With the miniaturisation and the expansion of application fields of these devices, the requirement of micro-joining between glass and metal is becoming higher. In this work, silica glass and 304 stainless steel were welded by the infrared nanosecond fibre laser. The welding quality was optimised by varying the laser parameters. The joint strength reached 16.39 MPa. The mechanism of the welding between the two materials was investigated. The results demonstrated the elemental diffusion in the interface between silica glass and 304 stainless steel under laser heating, where Fe, Cr and Si were the crucial factors in forming the welds. During the elemental diffusion, Cr was much easier to diffuse into glass than Fe. In the interface, Fe-O-Si bonds were observed. Moreover, increasing Cr content in the interface is a probable approach to improve the joint strength.
{"title":"The mechanism of the welding between silica glass and 304 stainless steel using nanosecond fibre laser","authors":"Jingyu Huo, Boyuan Zhang, Chuangkai Li, Minghuo Luo, Tao Chen, Liang Guo, Aiping Luo, Nan Zhao, Jiaming Li, Qingmao Zhang","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2023.2167568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2023.2167568","url":null,"abstract":"Devices consisting of glass and metal are widely applied to many fields. With the miniaturisation and the expansion of application fields of these devices, the requirement of micro-joining between glass and metal is becoming higher. In this work, silica glass and 304 stainless steel were welded by the infrared nanosecond fibre laser. The welding quality was optimised by varying the laser parameters. The joint strength reached 16.39 MPa. The mechanism of the welding between the two materials was investigated. The results demonstrated the elemental diffusion in the interface between silica glass and 304 stainless steel under laser heating, where Fe, Cr and Si were the crucial factors in forming the welds. During the elemental diffusion, Cr was much easier to diffuse into glass than Fe. In the interface, Fe-O-Si bonds were observed. Moreover, increasing Cr content in the interface is a probable approach to improve the joint strength.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"407 - 414"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49489147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-18DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2023.2167039
S. Bae, Y. Nguyen, I. Son
In this study, we examined the thermal stability, bonding strength, and interfacial characteristic of a Ni–W–P coating applied for solder joint of Bi2Te3 thermoelectric modules. This layer had uniform thickness and was confirmed to be amorphous even after annealing at 200°C for 150 h, demonstrating its thermal stability. Moreover, the barrier layer hindered the interdiffusion between Sn and Te, eliminating the formation of brittle intermetallic at the solder joint. Thus, the bonding strengths of p- and n-type thermoelectric units were improved approximately 1.3- and 2.8-fold, respectively, compared to the bonding strengths obtained without a Ni–W–P layer. In addition, the bonding strength was not affected by heating at 200°C for 150 h. The reliability of bonding strength was caused by the excellent thermal stability, and solder wettability of the barrier layer, which resulted in a bonding interface without brittle intermetallic and defects.
{"title":"Ni–W–P layer-induced strength improvement of solder joint in Bi2Te3 thermoelectric module","authors":"S. Bae, Y. Nguyen, I. Son","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2023.2167039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2023.2167039","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we examined the thermal stability, bonding strength, and interfacial characteristic of a Ni–W–P coating applied for solder joint of Bi2Te3 thermoelectric modules. This layer had uniform thickness and was confirmed to be amorphous even after annealing at 200°C for 150 h, demonstrating its thermal stability. Moreover, the barrier layer hindered the interdiffusion between Sn and Te, eliminating the formation of brittle intermetallic at the solder joint. Thus, the bonding strengths of p- and n-type thermoelectric units were improved approximately 1.3- and 2.8-fold, respectively, compared to the bonding strengths obtained without a Ni–W–P layer. In addition, the bonding strength was not affected by heating at 200°C for 150 h. The reliability of bonding strength was caused by the excellent thermal stability, and solder wettability of the barrier layer, which resulted in a bonding interface without brittle intermetallic and defects.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"399 - 406"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46545742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-12DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2023.2165605
M. Sahu, A. Paul, S. K. Sinha, S. Ganguly
The distribution of residual stresses across the joint interface of dissimilar joining between AA5083 and HSLA steel by friction stir welding technique was investigated through 2D XRD method and a numerical simulation model. The measured and simulated residual stress distributions are compared and discussed in the context of active recrystallisation mechanism and the possible presence of intermetallic compound (IMC) layers across the joint interface. The active dynamic recrystallisation (DRX) and multiple Fe/Al series IMCs as evident from the EBSD and 2D XRD, respectively critically demonstrated the variation in residual stresses between the experimental and theoretical values. The highest residual stress values of 375 and 281 MPa were recorded for the HSLA steel side and AA5083 side, respectively.
{"title":"A study on residual stress generation versus recrystallisation in FSW joint of dissimilar alloy pair of the AA5083 and HSLA steel","authors":"M. Sahu, A. Paul, S. K. Sinha, S. Ganguly","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2023.2165605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2023.2165605","url":null,"abstract":"The distribution of residual stresses across the joint interface of dissimilar joining between AA5083 and HSLA steel by friction stir welding technique was investigated through 2D XRD method and a numerical simulation model. The measured and simulated residual stress distributions are compared and discussed in the context of active recrystallisation mechanism and the possible presence of intermetallic compound (IMC) layers across the joint interface. The active dynamic recrystallisation (DRX) and multiple Fe/Al series IMCs as evident from the EBSD and 2D XRD, respectively critically demonstrated the variation in residual stresses between the experimental and theoretical values. The highest residual stress values of 375 and 281 MPa were recorded for the HSLA steel side and AA5083 side, respectively.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"388 - 398"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42239105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-12DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2023.2164962
M. Weltevreden, H. Coules, I. Hadley, Y. Janin
Residual stresses created from welding have a direct influence on fracture mechanisms of cracks and flaws in and around welded regions. Excessive residual stress can lead to unexpected failures and an important property in fitness-for-service calculations. In this work, an experimental database of the residual stress of low heat input austenitic girth welds is analysed for statistical correlation. The combined measurement profiles indicate normality throughout the weld thickness. Two-sample tests of grouped datasets were additionally carried out to examine potential relationships within the data. Presented measurements were characterised by location from weld centre, and similarly, by pipe aspect ratio. Results indicate a moderate influence of dimension ratio on residual stress in piping components suggesting potential for additional consideration in fitness-for-service procedures.
{"title":"Statistical analysis of residual stresses in austenitic pipe girth welds","authors":"M. Weltevreden, H. Coules, I. Hadley, Y. Janin","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2023.2164962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2023.2164962","url":null,"abstract":"Residual stresses created from welding have a direct influence on fracture mechanisms of cracks and flaws in and around welded regions. Excessive residual stress can lead to unexpected failures and an important property in fitness-for-service calculations. In this work, an experimental database of the residual stress of low heat input austenitic girth welds is analysed for statistical correlation. The combined measurement profiles indicate normality throughout the weld thickness. Two-sample tests of grouped datasets were additionally carried out to examine potential relationships within the data. Presented measurements were characterised by location from weld centre, and similarly, by pipe aspect ratio. Results indicate a moderate influence of dimension ratio on residual stress in piping components suggesting potential for additional consideration in fitness-for-service procedures.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"381 - 387"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49463617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-11DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2022.2163341
A. Mohan, D. Ceglarek, P. Franciosa, M. Auinger
This study investigated the effect of beam oscillation on the solidification behaviour during laser welding of Al-5754 to Al-6061 alloy. In this study, a finite element model has been developed to simulate temperature and fluid flow fields by implementing different combinations of volumetric heat source models. Solidification parameters such as temperature gradient (G), solidification rate (R), cooling rate (G × R) and G/R are evaluated to understand the mechanism of microstructure formation. It was found that beam oscillation improves the tensile strength by 21.4% for full penetration welding due to an increase in the percentage of formation of equiaxed grains. Modelling results revealed that the cooling rate increases with an increase in oscillation frequency. However, tensile strength followed a parabolic distribution with a peak at the oscillation frequency of 300 Hz.
{"title":"Numerical study of beam oscillation and its effect on the solidification parameters and grain morphology in remote laser welding of high-strength aluminium alloys","authors":"A. Mohan, D. Ceglarek, P. Franciosa, M. Auinger","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2022.2163341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2022.2163341","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effect of beam oscillation on the solidification behaviour during laser welding of Al-5754 to Al-6061 alloy. In this study, a finite element model has been developed to simulate temperature and fluid flow fields by implementing different combinations of volumetric heat source models. Solidification parameters such as temperature gradient (G), solidification rate (R), cooling rate (G × R) and G/R are evaluated to understand the mechanism of microstructure formation. It was found that beam oscillation improves the tensile strength by 21.4% for full penetration welding due to an increase in the percentage of formation of equiaxed grains. Modelling results revealed that the cooling rate increases with an increase in oscillation frequency. However, tensile strength followed a parabolic distribution with a peak at the oscillation frequency of 300 Hz.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"362 - 371"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46820493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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