Sensors International最新文献

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Current advancements in microneedle technology for therapeutic and biomedical applications

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100325

Olivia Sen , Poulami Poddar , Poulami Sarkar , Sanchita Das , Sreejan Manna

Microneedle technology has gained large interest as an innovative biomedical device to deliver molecules to the targeted site through the skin layers. Microneedle consists of microscale needle with a specific length about 0.1–1 mm. In comparison to conventional transdermal delivery approaches, the microneedle technique has several advantagesincluding minimal invasiveness, painlessand convenient administration, with higher patient compliance. Microneedles are categorized into several types such as solid microneedle, coated microneedle, hollow microneedle, dissolvable microneedle, hydrogel microneedle, swellable microneedle, and porous microneedle. Microneedles can be made of different materials, and may vary in size and forms. They may also vary in design depending on composition, manufacturing process and area of application. Silicon, stainless steel, polymers, coating materials, biodegradable materials, several crosslinking techniques and biosensing devices are used to fabricate microneedles. can be employed as a leading novel technology for drug administration, vaccinations, cosmetics, diagnostics, tissue engineering, cancer studies, and wound care. This review narrates the fabrication techniques of microneedles alongside its applications in drug delivery and biomedical field including sensory applications.

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引用次数: 0

Synthesis and application of Schiff base as a dual-mode chemosensor for optical determination of aluminium ion content in water samples

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100313

Nuttapon Apiratikul , Pornpimol Bunrit , Sasikarn Jommaroeng , Pornthip Boonsri , Kriangsak Songsrirote

Aluminium is highly abundant in the earth's crust and has played a pivotal role in various industries for centuries. Its versatility and abundance have led to its widespread use in everything from food packaging to construction materials. However, this extensive use has also raised concerns about its potential impact on human health and the environment. This study aimed to synthesize and apply a Schiff base molecule, N-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthylmethylidene)-o-aminoacetophenone (N-HyNA), as an optical sensor for aluminium ion (Al³⁺) determination. The synthesis of N-HyNA was achieved with a high yield of 85 % through the reaction of 2-Hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and 2-aminoacetonephenone. N-HyNA showed a maximum absorption wavelength at 465.0 nm, and fluorescence emission at 357.0 nm with the excitation wavelength of 278.0 nm. Both absorption and fluorescence signals of N-HyNA were selectively quenched in the presence of aluminium ion. Under optimal conditions for Al³⁺ detection, the absorption mode of N-HyNA with DMSO as a solvent had the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.005 ppm and detection range of 0.01–2.0 ppm, while the fluorescence mode with EtOH as a solvent had the LOD of 0.013 ppm and detection range of 0.05–0.40 ppm. The developed approach demonstrated good agreement in Al³⁺ determination with the conventional atomic absorption spectroscopic technique when using natural water samples and their standard-spiked samples with recovery ranging from 84.0 to 114.0 %. Additionally, analytical characterization was conducted to investigate the quenching mechanism between Al³⁺ and N-HyNA, and a computational study was performed to elucidate the binding position of Al³⁺ in the N-HyNA complex. This developed chemosensor offered a simple and fast, yet accurate and selective detection of Al³⁺ in water samples.

{"title":"Synthesis and application of Schiff base as a dual-mode chemosensor for optical determination of aluminium ion content in water samples","authors":"Nuttapon Apiratikul , Pornpimol Bunrit , Sasikarn Jommaroeng , Pornthip Boonsri , Kriangsak Songsrirote","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aluminium is highly abundant in the earth's crust and has played a pivotal role in various industries for centuries. Its versatility and abundance have led to its widespread use in everything from food packaging to construction materials. However, this extensive use has also raised concerns about its potential impact on human health and the environment. This study aimed to synthesize and apply a Schiff base molecule, N-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthylmethylidene)-o-aminoacetophenone (N-HyNA), as an optical sensor for aluminium ion (Al<sup>3+</sup>) determination. The synthesis of N-HyNA was achieved with a high yield of 85 % through the reaction of 2-Hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and 2-aminoacetonephenone. N-HyNA showed a maximum absorption wavelength at 465.0 nm, and fluorescence emission at 357.0 nm with the excitation wavelength of 278.0 nm. Both absorption and fluorescence signals of N-HyNA were selectively quenched in the presence of aluminium ion. Under optimal conditions for Al<sup>3+</sup> detection, the absorption mode of N-HyNA with DMSO as a solvent had the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.005 ppm and detection range of 0.01–2.0 ppm, while the fluorescence mode with EtOH as a solvent had the LOD of 0.013 ppm and detection range of 0.05–0.40 ppm. The developed approach demonstrated good agreement in Al<sup>3+</sup> determination with the conventional atomic absorption spectroscopic technique when using natural water samples and their standard-spiked samples with recovery ranging from 84.0 to 114.0 %. Additionally, analytical characterization was conducted to investigate the quenching mechanism between Al<sup>3+</sup> and N-HyNA, and a computational study was performed to elucidate the binding position of Al<sup>3+</sup> in the N-HyNA complex. This developed chemosensor offered a simple and fast, yet accurate and selective detection of Al<sup>3+</sup> in water samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and characterization of zirconia nanoparticles filled polydimethylsiloxane composites based flexible capacitance pressure sensor

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100330

Soly Mathew, Krishnamoorthi Chintagumpala

Flexible capacitance pressure sensors (fCPS) are widely researched due to their compact geometry and low power consumption, wireless sensor output readability. fCPS show sensitivity by either change in dielectric permittivity (

ϵ

) or dimension (strain) of dielectric sandwich layer in parallel plate capacitor (PPC) configuration. In addition, fCPS should have low dielectric loss, low driving electric field. All these can be easily achieved with high dielectric constant fillers in flexible elastomers. Here zirconia nanoparticles (ZNPs) at 0, 0.5, 1, & 1.5 wt% were dispersed in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix to fabricate four different dielectric elastomer composites (DEC) sandwich layers for fCPS. fCPS were made by sandwiching the DECs between flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates coated with conductive silver epoxy. Both dielectric constant and sensitivity increases with ZNPs filler content. Out of four fCPS fabricated, the sensor with 1.5 wt% ZNPs DEC sandwich layer shows very high sensitivity of 1.69 kPa⁻¹ in 0–5 kPa range, and shows low sensitivity (0.006 kPa⁻¹) in 5 – 145 kPa. This fCPS was also shown small hysteresis (5.4%), fast response and recovery time (128 & 190 ms), and long durability. The sensor data were compared and contrasted with the literature data. Touch, motion, and strain sensing capabilities of this fCPS were also studied. It shows very good functionalities of the above functions. Thus it shows good prospectus for both biomedical (vital sign monitor, gait analysis, communication), and industrial (robotic, human machine interface) applications.

{"title":"Design and characterization of zirconia nanoparticles filled polydimethylsiloxane composites based flexible capacitance pressure sensor","authors":"Soly Mathew, Krishnamoorthi Chintagumpala","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flexible capacitance pressure sensors (fCPS) are widely researched due to their compact geometry and low power consumption, wireless sensor output readability. fCPS show sensitivity by either change in dielectric permittivity (<span><math><mi>ϵ</mi></math></span>) or dimension (strain) of dielectric sandwich layer in parallel plate capacitor (PPC) configuration. In addition, fCPS should have low dielectric loss, low driving electric field. All these can be easily achieved with high dielectric constant fillers in flexible elastomers. Here zirconia nanoparticles (ZNPs) at 0, 0.5, 1, & 1.5 wt% were dispersed in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix to fabricate four different dielectric elastomer composites (DEC) sandwich layers for fCPS. fCPS were made by sandwiching the DECs between flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates coated with conductive silver epoxy. Both dielectric constant and sensitivity increases with ZNPs filler content. Out of four fCPS fabricated, the sensor with 1.5 wt% ZNPs DEC sandwich layer shows very high sensitivity of 1.69 kPa<sup>−1</sup> in 0–5 kPa range, and shows low sensitivity (0.006 kPa<sup>−1</sup>) in 5 – 145 kPa. This fCPS was also shown small hysteresis (5.4%), fast response and recovery time (128 & 190 ms), and long durability. The sensor data were compared and contrasted with the literature data. Touch, motion, and strain sensing capabilities of this fCPS were also studied. It shows very good functionalities of the above functions. Thus it shows good prospectus for both biomedical (vital sign monitor, gait analysis, communication), and industrial (robotic, human machine interface) applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A smart glove to evaluate Parkinson's disease by flexible piezoelectric and inertial sensors

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100324

R. De Fazio , C. Del-Valle-Soto , V.M. Mastronardi , M. De Vittorio , P. Visconti

Parkinson's disease (PD), to date, is widespread. It is a neurodegenerative disease that impairs the quality of life of the affected, as it is a slowly but progressively evolving disease. This paper presents a smart glove for evaluating PD patients by monitoring hand tremors and evaluating specific exercises involved by the MDS-UPDRS (Movement Disorder Society - Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale), enabling disease evolution assessment. The smart glove consists of a TPU flexible support, integrating two flexible MEMS piezoelectric sensors based on Aluminum Nitride and an inertial sensor to detect finger and arm movements. The smart glove integrates an electronic conditioning section for piezoelectric signals to make them suitable for the following acquisition by a microcontroller section based on nRF52840 SoC, which jointly processes the piezoelectric and inertial signals related to standard patient's hand and arm exercises (i.e., finger tapping, fist opening/closing of the hand, resting hand tremor), assigning them scores according to the MDS-UPDRS. Three embedded Machine Learning (ML) algorithms based on Neural Networks (NN) were deployed to classify piezoelectric and inertial signals. Seven individuals, six of them with diagnosed PD, were involved in developing ML models. Datasets were gathered to train and test the ML algorithms, constituted by signal samples related to three tests involved in the UPDRS scale according to PD severity. The tests demonstrated the proper operation of the proposed smart glove in tracking the movement changes induced by PD; also, the developed embedded ML algorithms showed performance in classifying hand/arm movements, reaching 95.12 %, 98.39 %, and 96.62 % for finger-tapping, hand-fist closure, and resting tremor, respectively.

{"title":"A smart glove to evaluate Parkinson's disease by flexible piezoelectric and inertial sensors","authors":"R. De Fazio , C. Del-Valle-Soto , V.M. Mastronardi , M. De Vittorio , P. Visconti","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parkinson's disease (PD), to date, is widespread. It is a neurodegenerative disease that impairs the quality of life of the affected, as it is a slowly but progressively evolving disease. This paper presents a smart glove for evaluating PD patients by monitoring hand tremors and evaluating specific exercises involved by the MDS-UPDRS (Movement Disorder Society - Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale), enabling disease evolution assessment. The smart glove consists of a TPU flexible support, integrating two flexible MEMS piezoelectric sensors based on Aluminum Nitride and an inertial sensor to detect finger and arm movements. The smart glove integrates an electronic conditioning section for piezoelectric signals to make them suitable for the following acquisition by a microcontroller section based on nRF52840 SoC, which jointly processes the piezoelectric and inertial signals related to standard patient's hand and arm exercises (i.e., finger tapping, fist opening/closing of the hand, resting hand tremor), assigning them scores according to the MDS-UPDRS. Three embedded Machine Learning (ML) algorithms based on Neural Networks (NN) were deployed to classify piezoelectric and inertial signals. Seven individuals, six of them with diagnosed PD, were involved in developing ML models. Datasets were gathered to train and test the ML algorithms, constituted by signal samples related to three tests involved in the UPDRS scale according to PD severity. The tests demonstrated the proper operation of the proposed smart glove in tracking the movement changes induced by PD; also, the developed embedded ML algorithms showed performance in classifying hand/arm movements, reaching 95.12 %, 98.39 %, and 96.62 % for finger-tapping, hand-fist closure, and resting tremor, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GaN Nanopowder synthesis via nitridation: Fabrication and characterization of GaN thin Films for UV detection applications

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100329

Mahdi Hajimazdarani , Peyman Yaghoubizadeh , Ali Jafari , Ali Kenarsari Moghadam , Mojtaba Hajimazdarani , Mohammad Javad Eshraghi

This study presents a novel method for synthesizing gallium nitride nanoparticles via nitridation and their subsequent deposition onto silicon substrates using electron beam evaporation for UV detection applications. The structural and optical properties of the resulting gallium nitride thin films were thoroughly characterized. X-ray diffraction confirmed that the synthesized powder has a wurtzite crystal structure, while the deposited thin film has an amorphous structure. Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed a uniform layer with an approximate thickness of 150 nm. Energy dispersive spectroscopy confirmed that the stoichiometric ratio of gallium to nitrogen was maintained throughout the coating process. Additionally, ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy measurements revealed a bandgap of 3.37 eV for the deposited thin film. Additionally, gold electrodes were deposited on the gallium nitride thin film, and the optical sensor's detection properties were evaluated, demonstrating a sensitivity of 133.6 along with rise and fall times of 18 ms and 15 ms, respectively. These findings underscore the potential of gallium nitride-based materials for advanced optical sensor applications in various fields.

{"title":"GaN Nanopowder synthesis via nitridation: Fabrication and characterization of GaN thin Films for UV detection applications","authors":"Mahdi Hajimazdarani , Peyman Yaghoubizadeh , Ali Jafari , Ali Kenarsari Moghadam , Mojtaba Hajimazdarani , Mohammad Javad Eshraghi","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel method for synthesizing gallium nitride nanoparticles via nitridation and their subsequent deposition onto silicon substrates using electron beam evaporation for UV detection applications. The structural and optical properties of the resulting gallium nitride thin films were thoroughly characterized. X-ray diffraction confirmed that the synthesized powder has a wurtzite crystal structure, while the deposited thin film has an amorphous structure. Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed a uniform layer with an approximate thickness of 150 nm. Energy dispersive spectroscopy confirmed that the stoichiometric ratio of gallium to nitrogen was maintained throughout the coating process. Additionally, ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy measurements revealed a bandgap of 3.37 eV for the deposited thin film. Additionally, gold electrodes were deposited on the gallium nitride thin film, and the optical sensor's detection properties were evaluated, demonstrating a sensitivity of 133.6 along with rise and fall times of 18 ms and 15 ms, respectively. These findings underscore the potential of gallium nitride-based materials for advanced optical sensor applications in various fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100329"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design of a high accuracy wideband current sensing system by tunneling magnetoresistive device with digital parametric equalizer

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100311

Sen Qian , Hui Huang , Fuchao Li , Qiang Shi , Xiaohui Yan , Jinghong Guo

Wideband current sensors play a crucial role in the future power grid, especially with the increasing integration of renewable energy and nonlinear loads. This research developed a sensor configuration using tunneling magnetoresistive (TMR) devices for wideband current measurement. A parametric equalizer was also introduced to compensate for minor fluctuations in the TMR sensor's frequency response, thereby reducing wideband measurement errors. A calibration setup was created to test the frequency-dependent accuracy of the compensated TMR sensor. Results showed that relative errors in wideband measurements were reduced to 2 % after compensation, compared to 6 % of the uncompensated results, with power frequency measurement errors falling below 1 %. Furthermore, the designed TMR sensors were deployed in a 0.4 kV household district, demonstrating their practical application in diagnosing the spectral content of the load current. The analysis revealed a range of wideband components, including low-frequency components below 50 Hz, intermediate harmonics, and supraharmonics.

{"title":"Design of a high accuracy wideband current sensing system by tunneling magnetoresistive device with digital parametric equalizer","authors":"Sen Qian , Hui Huang , Fuchao Li , Qiang Shi , Xiaohui Yan , Jinghong Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wideband current sensors play a crucial role in the future power grid, especially with the increasing integration of renewable energy and nonlinear loads. This research developed a sensor configuration using tunneling magnetoresistive (TMR) devices for wideband current measurement. A parametric equalizer was also introduced to compensate for minor fluctuations in the TMR sensor's frequency response, thereby reducing wideband measurement errors. A calibration setup was created to test the frequency-dependent accuracy of the compensated TMR sensor. Results showed that relative errors in wideband measurements were reduced to 2 % after compensation, compared to 6 % of the uncompensated results, with power frequency measurement errors falling below 1 %. Furthermore, the designed TMR sensors were deployed in a 0.4 kV household district, demonstrating their practical application in diagnosing the spectral content of the load current. The analysis revealed a range of wideband components, including low-frequency components below 50 Hz, intermediate harmonics, and supraharmonics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lighting the way forward: The bright future of photonic integrated circuits

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100326

M.A. Butt, B. Janaszek, R. Piramidowicz

Integrated optics, a key photonics technology, has major implications for telecommunications, sensing, and computing. By integrating optical elements like lasers, modulators, and detectors onto a single chip, it enhances performance while reducing the size, weight, and power of optical systems. With potential applications in 5G, data centres, quantum communication, and AI, integrated optics is crucial for future communication technologies. Its synergy with quantum information and machine learning opens innovation pathways. This review explores recent advancements in optical platforms, highlighting ongoing research and developments that are driving technological progress in this field. The analysis provides an in-depth scrutiny of recent developments, shedding light on the dynamic terrain of optical innovations and highlighting the strides made in pushing the boundaries of technology.

引用次数: 0

Advancing point-of-care testing with nanomaterials-based screen-printing electrodes

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100328

Sophia Nazir

Although numerous studies have been conducted on multiple screen-printing electrodes (SPEs), little emphasis has been placed on systematically assessing scholarly work on nanomaterial-equipped SPEs in bioanalytical research. The fabrication of state-of-the-art portable screen-printing measuring devices represents significant disease monitoring and diagnosis advancements. This review classifies screen-printing electrodes based on the nanomaterials used. It discusses cost, regulatory approvals for portable screen-printing electrodes in point-of-care diagnostics, sensitivity, specificity, size reductions, and proposed solutions. It looks into the significance of new nanomaterials and substrates in fabricating point-of-care diagnostic devices and miniaturisation techniques. The review primarily focuses on the recent downsizing advances that have resulted in a growing number of portable screen-printing electrodes for quick point-of-care diagnostics. Special attention is given to identifying different bioanalytics associated with distinct medical problems. Screen-printing biosensors potentially transform healthcare by allowing for rapid, accurate, and individualised diagnosis. These biosensors improve disease management, medical outcomes, and global diagnostic accessibility as technology advances.

{"title":"Advancing point-of-care testing with nanomaterials-based screen-printing electrodes","authors":"Sophia Nazir","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although numerous studies have been conducted on multiple screen-printing electrodes (SPEs), little emphasis has been placed on systematically assessing scholarly work on nanomaterial-equipped SPEs in bioanalytical research. The fabrication of state-of-the-art portable screen-printing measuring devices represents significant disease monitoring and diagnosis advancements. This review classifies screen-printing electrodes based on the nanomaterials used. It discusses cost, regulatory approvals for portable screen-printing electrodes in point-of-care diagnostics, sensitivity, specificity, size reductions, and proposed solutions. It looks into the significance of new nanomaterials and substrates in fabricating point-of-care diagnostic devices and miniaturisation techniques. The review primarily focuses on the recent downsizing advances that have resulted in a growing number of portable screen-printing electrodes for quick point-of-care diagnostics. Special attention is given to identifying different bioanalytics associated with distinct medical problems. Screen-printing biosensors potentially transform healthcare by allowing for rapid, accurate, and individualised diagnosis. These biosensors improve disease management, medical outcomes, and global diagnostic accessibility as technology advances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analytical model for DG-AlGaN/GaN MOS-HEMT for sensitive analysis of pH analytes and charged biomolecules 用于灵敏分析 pH 值分析物和带电生物分子的 DG-AlGaN/GaN MOS-HEMT 分析模型

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100312

P. Sriramani , N. Mohankumar , Lignesh Durai , Y. Prasamsha , Nitin Rakesh

This article introduces an analytical model for double-gate AlGaN/GaN MOS-HEMT biosensors to accurately detect pH analytes and charged biomolecules. The device incorporates nanocavities and operates on the concept of dielectric modulation, presuming the presence of a native oxide layer on the surface of the AlGaN layer. The pH of the analyte is represented as the interface charge. Numerical simulations evaluate the biosensor's effectiveness by analyzing its sensitivity to drain ON current (S_I) and threshold voltage (S_V). The device exhibited a peak S_V of 586.5 mV, a value tenfold more significant than the Nernst limit for pH analyte. The maximum S_I, computed at the peak transconductance, was determined to be 135.5 mA/mm/pH at V_G = −2V and V_D = 5V. The biosensor response to a charged biomolecule is assessed by considering the dielectric constant and charge density (ρ). The biosensor exhibited a maximum S_I of 0.225 at V_D = 5V and V_G = −1V and S_V of 1.488V for charged biomolecule at ρ = 1 × 10¹²/cm². The impact of the bias voltages, ion molar concentration of pH analyte, AlGaN layer thickness and cavity length on the S_I of the device is explored in detail. The S_I for pH analytes is unaffected by the AlGaN layer thickness but enhanced with ion molar concentration and cavity length. However, for charged biomolecules, S_I decreased with increased AlGaN layer thickness and improved with cavity length.

本文介绍了双栅 AlGaN/GaN MOS-HEMT 生物传感器的分析模型，以准确检测 pH 值分析物和带电生物分子。该器件结合了纳米腔体，根据介电调制的概念运行，假定 AlGaN 层表面存在原生氧化物层。分析物的 pH 值表示为界面电荷。数值模拟通过分析生物传感器对漏极导通电流（SI）和阈值电压（SV）的灵敏度来评估其有效性。该器件的 SV 峰值为 586.5 mV，比 pH 值分析物的 Nernst 极限值高出十倍。在 VG = -2V 和 VD = 5V 时，根据峰值跨导计算得出的最大 SI 为 135.5 mA/mm/pH。生物传感器对带电生物分子的响应是通过考虑介电常数和电荷密度（ρ）来评估的。当 VD = 5V 和 VG = -1V 时，生物传感器对带电生物分子的最大 SI 值为 0.225；当 ρ = 1 × 1012/cm2 时，生物传感器对带电生物分子的最大 SV 值为 1.488V。我们详细探讨了偏置电压、pH 值分析物的离子摩尔浓度、AlGaN 层厚度和空腔长度对器件 SI 的影响。pH 值分析物的 SI 不受 AlGaN 层厚度的影响，但随着离子摩尔浓度和空腔长度的增加而增强。然而，对于带电的生物分子，SI 随 AlGaN 层厚度的增加而降低，但随空腔长度的增加而提高。

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引用次数: 0

Fabrication of a non-enzymatic photoelectrochemical sensor based on a BiOBr-CuO nanocomposite for detecting Glucose and Tetracycline 基于 BiOBr-CuO 纳米复合材料制作用于检测葡萄糖和四环素的非酶光电化学传感器

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100310

AnnieCanisius D , Joselene Suzan Jennifer P , Joe Raja Ruban M , Davis Varghese , Gladys Joysi M , Muthupandi S , Madhavan J , Victor Antony Raj M , Saravanan Muthupandian

In this study, we developed a non-enzymatic photoelectrochemical sensor using a BiOBr-CuO (BiCu) electrode, which was synthesized via solvothermal method. The sensor was designed for the simultaneous detection of glucose and tetracycline. Our study revealed that the BiCu electrode exhibited superior photocurrent generation compared to the individual BiOBr and CuO electrodes, as demonstrated by cyclic voltammetry and amperometric studies. The BiCu electrode's performance has increased due to the formation of a heterojunction between CuO and BiOBr, which modifies the UV–visible DRS spectrum and generates an internal electric field that reduces the recombination of the photogenerated carriers. This enhanced the capability of the sensor to detect both glucose and tetracycline. We successfully applied the proposed photoelectrochemical sensor to detect human blood glucose level. The sensitivity and detection limit for glucose and tetracycline are 0.1342 mAmM⁻¹cm⁻², 0.014 mM and 1.7234 mAmM⁻¹cm⁻², 2.0 μM respectively. Thus, the fabricated electrode demonstrated exceptional catalytic activity, high selectivity, good reproducibility, wide linear detection range, low limit of detection,long-term stability, ease of synthesis, good stability and notable selectivity for detecting both glucose and tetracycline This suggests that the BiCu electrode has significant potential as a reliable platform for the detection of glucose and tetracycline.

在这项研究中，我们利用通过溶热法合成的 BiOBr-CuO（BiCu）电极开发了一种非酶促性光电化学传感器。该传感器设计用于同时检测葡萄糖和四环素。我们的研究表明，与单独的 BiOBr 和 CuO 电极相比，BiCu 电极能产生更优越的光电流，这一点已在循环伏安法和安培法研究中得到证实。由于 CuO 和 BiOBr 之间形成了异质结，从而改变了紫外可见 DRS 光谱，并产生了内部电场，减少了光生载流子的重组，因此 BiCu 电极的性能得到了提高。这增强了传感器检测葡萄糖和四环素的能力。我们成功地将所提出的光电化学传感器用于检测人体血糖水平。葡萄糖和四环素的灵敏度和检测限分别为 0.1342 mAmM-1cm-2, 0.014 mM 和 1.7234 mAmM-1cm-2, 2.0 μM。因此，所制备的电极在葡萄糖和四环素的检测中表现出了卓越的催化活性、高选择性、良好的重现性、宽线性检测范围、低检测限、长期稳定性、易合成性、良好的稳定性和显著的选择性。

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