Sensors International最新文献

{"title":"A portable easy-to-use triboelectric sensor for arteriovenous fistula monitoring in dialysis patients","authors":"Salvatore A. Pullano ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Oliva ,&nbsp;Pierangela Presta ,&nbsp;Nazareno Carullo ,&nbsp;Michela Musolino ,&nbsp;Michele Andreucci ,&nbsp;Davide Bolignano ,&nbsp;Antonino S. Fiorillo ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Coppolino","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hemodialysis is the primary treatment for patients with total loss of renal function and is performed through a vascular access called an arteriovenous fistula (AVF). AVF can be associated with several complications, such as stenosis, thrombosis, and aneurysms. While digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is the gold standard for AVF monitoring, its limited availability, invasiveness, and harmfulness has enabled Doppler ultrasound (DUS) as alternative technique. Herein, the development of a portable device based on a triboelectric sensor for AVF monitoring that exploits the concept of impedance cardiography (ICG) is presented. The triboelectric sensor consists of a thin polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) layer placed close to the AVF to evaluate the triboelectric ICG signal (T-ICG), thus avoiding the need for standard multiple-electrode equipment. Electrocardiographic (ECG) dry electrodes based on a composite of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were fabricated. Concept validation was performed in a cohort of hemodialysis patients with and without AVF stenosis. The results demonstrated a linear dependence between blood flow and the maximum deviation (dZ/dt_max) of the T-ICG pattern. Patients with stenosis showed a statistically significant change in morphology at the B-point. The extent of stenosis was evaluated by analyzing the temporal slope of the ICG pattern in the B- and C-point regions, evidencing a linear trend for stenosis from 20 % up to 60 %. The proposed device represents an innovative approach compared with the gold clinical standards for the continuous monitoring of AVF in hemodialysis patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photocatalytic and electrochemical sensor detection of ascorbic and uric acid using novel plant extract green synthesis of CaO nanoparticles","authors":"M.N. Somashekar ,&nbsp;M. Dhanalakshmi ,&nbsp;T.S. Nagamani ,&nbsp;T. Subhas Chandra ,&nbsp;T.M. Sharanakumar ,&nbsp;C.R. Ravikumar","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100308","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100308","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present work, a novel fuel made from the leaves of the Gotu kola (Centella Asiatica) plant is used to produce calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaO NPs) in an eco-friendly manner. The results of the PXRD experiments, the average crystallite size for CaO NPs is 38 nm, which is consistent with the findings of the TEM. As per DRS investigation, the energy gap of CaONPs is 3.253 eV. Fast Blue (FB) and Fast Orange (FO) dye photodegradation was effectively enhanced by the plant-mediated CaO NPs under UV-light irradiation, showing high efficiency within 120 min. The CaO demonstrated remarkable photodegradation process against the FO and FB dyes under UV light, with rates of 79.52 % and 61.43 % after 120 min. CaO NPs' electrochemical characteristics were ascertained using a carbon paste electrode (CPE) dipped in a 0.1N HCl solution. In cyclic voltammetry evaluation, the green CaO NPs showed greater sensitivity at various scan rates. Ascorbic acid and uric acid were finally shown to have exceptional redox reaction and ascorbic acid and uric acid detection capabilities when they were used as analytes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-channel infrared OPO lidar optical system for remote sensing of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere: Design and characteristics","authors":"S.A. Sadovnikov,&nbsp;S.V. Yakovlev,&nbsp;N.S. Kravtsova,&nbsp;O.A. Romanovskii,&nbsp;D.A. Tuzhilkin","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current global warming and climate change under the greenhouse effect call for a thorough understanding of the spatial distribution of greenhouse gases in different atmospheric layers. Lidar systems are the most effective for remote greenhouse gas monitoring. We design a two-channel infrared OPO lidar optical system for remote DIAL/DOAS sensing of carbon dioxide and water vapor in the atmosphere. In this work, optimal geometric parameters of the transceiving channel of the lidar optical system are chosen, a need to focus laser radiation at a distance of 1 km from an observation point is demonstrated, and numerical simulations confirm the possibility of detecting lidar signals ranging from 10⁻⁷ to 10⁻¹⁰ W in the informative spectral range 4800–5100 cm⁻¹ (1960–2083 nm). Laboratory experiments with the main components of the lidar system with experimentally confirmed parameters, which simulate atmospheric measurements of CO₂ absorption at a calibrated sensing wavelength of 2005 nm (4987 cm⁻¹) (pressure of 1 atm; CO₂ concentration corresponding to the midlatitude summer background atmosphere) in the informative spectral range of the lidar system, enable selecting a pair of wavelengths with resonant absorption of the target gas near 2005 nm to study the background state of the atmosphere in the surface layer. Efficiency of the lidar optical system is confirmed by in situ test experiments, where backscattering signals from a topographic target with an albedo of ∼0.15 spaced 168 m apart from an observer are recorded at 60 mV when operating along a horizontal atmospheric path. The lidar system we design can be used in measuring complexes at carbon test sites. It can also be used for atmospheric monitoring in industrial centers, at background measuring stations, and in swamp areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flange joint monitoring based on strain measurement with fiber optic sensors embedded in gaskets","authors":"Valerii Matveenko,&nbsp;Andrey Fedorov,&nbsp;Grigorii Serovaev,&nbsp;Elizaveta Galkina,&nbsp;Elizaveta Vindokurova","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper demonstrates the effectiveness of using numerical simulation to select parameters of the system for monitoring the deformation behavior of structures. Consideration is given to a bolted flange connection with a gasket, the performance of which is determined by the level of bolt tightening. Bolt tension control technique is based on the strain measurement with fiber optic sensors embedded in the gasket. The results of numerical modeling of deformation for different variants of bolt tensioning are discussed. Strain measurement in the gasket by means of distributed fiber-optic sensors on the basis of Rayleigh scattering is carried out taking into account the results of numerical simulation. Another type of fiber optic sensors that is based on the Bragg gratings is used to implement additional control of the results of measurement. An algorithm to realize strain measurement by two types of sensors located on the same optic fiber is proposed. The results of experimental strain measurements demonstrate that fiber optic sensors can be used to detect changes in bolt tensioning, which can cause failure of a flange joint.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Near-field metasurface sensor for an early-stage breast cancer detection","authors":"Maged A. Aldhaeebi ,&nbsp;Thamer Almoneef ,&nbsp;Saeed Bamatraf ,&nbsp;A.O. Aldhaibain ,&nbsp;Osamah Bakhalah ,&nbsp;Saleh Alhdad ,&nbsp;Sumaia Bakhalah ,&nbsp;M. Kamran Saleem","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a novel and highly sensitive metasurface sensor for microwave breast tumor detection is proposed. The proposed sensor array comprises 8 × 8 small-size sensor elements that are capable of reacting to changes in both electric and magnetic fields. This allows the sensor to detect even minor variations in the surrounding medium, resulting in improved sensitivity. Additionally, designing a sensor array improves sensitivity by covering all areas of the breast tissues with multiple small sensor elements. Numerical studies have been conducted to assess the sensor sensitivity using realistic healthy and non-healthy breast models with diagnosed tumors placed at different locations within healthy breast models in the CST simulation environment at varying stand-off distances. An experiment was conducted to validate the sensor’s concept. It involved testing a metasurface sensor with phantoms resembling both healthy female breast tissues and those with a 10 mm tumor. The results from simulations and experiments demonstrate that the metasurface sensor is capable of detecting breast tumors at different distances. For safety compliance, specific absorption rate (SAR) values were obtained through both simulation and experimentation. The simulated SAR values were calculated to be 0.357 W/kg and 0.216 W/kg at 1 g and 10 g, respectively, using 17 dBm for safety. The measured SAR values were 0.101 W/kg and 0.1 W/kg at 1 g and 10 g, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142555037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular engineering of a fluorescent probe for highly efficient detection of human serum albumin in biological fluid","authors":"Raja Chinnappan ,&nbsp;Tanveer Ahmad Mir ,&nbsp;Shanmugam Easwaramoorthi ,&nbsp;Gopika Sunil ,&nbsp;Ancy Feba ,&nbsp;Balamurugan Kanagasabai ,&nbsp;Shadil Ibrahim Wani ,&nbsp;Maram N. Sandouka ,&nbsp;Alaa Alzhrani ,&nbsp;Sandhanasamy Devanesan ,&nbsp;Mohamad S. AlSalhi ,&nbsp;Naresh Kumar Mani ,&nbsp;Wael Al-Kattan ,&nbsp;Ahmed Yaqinuddin ,&nbsp;Abdullah M. Assiri ,&nbsp;Dieter C. Broering","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human serum albumin (HSA) is synthesized by the liver, accounting for 60 % of total plasma protein in vertebrates' blood. It is the most predominant extracellular plasma protein that acts as a repository and transporter of exogenous and endogenous substances in the blood of healthy humans. Decreased albumin concentration in the human body or its abnormal levels indicate the occurrence of hepatic, renal, and digestive-related diseases. Therefore, accurate quantification of HSA is of great significance in diagnostic testing and routine clinical analysis of albumin-linked diseases. Herein, a class of triphenylamine rhodanine-3-acetic acid (mRA)-a bifunctional fluorescent molecule with twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT)-induced emission characteristics is synthesized and employed as a novel sensing probe for the fluorescent detection of human albumin. mRA can be selectively lighted up through site-specific interactions with serum albumin-binding moieties and show enhanced photophysical or biological response efficacy. Understanding the interaction of mRA with HSA at the molecular level was carried out using docking methodology to explore the site-specific interaction phenomenon. The resulting fluorescence strategy produced a dose-dependent signal response enhancement upon interaction with HSA in the concentration range of 0.01–400 μg/ml. The sensor probe exhibits a low detection limit of 10 ng/mL and is found to be a feasible, low-cost, and effective approach for HSA analysis in complex biological fluids for early detection and diagnosis of albumin-related diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Privacy-concerned averaged human activeness monitoring and normal pattern recognizing with single passive infrared sensor using one-dimensional modeling","authors":"Tajim Md. Niamat Ullah Akhund,&nbsp;Kenbu Teramoto","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Detecting human activity through cameras and machine learning methods raises significant privacy concerns, while alternatives like thermal cameras can be expensive. Passive infrared (PIR) sensors present a cost-effective and privacy-preserving solution, commonly used in home settings for motion detection. This study introduces a system for monitoring human activeness using a single PIR sensor, focusing on privacy preservation. The proposed one-dimensional model, based on the Laplace distribution, emphasizes the role of the parameter <span><math><mi>μ</mi></math></span> in defining velocity distributions. Through real-world experiments with a Raspberry Pi and PIR sensor, the effectiveness of the model in capturing human activeness is validated. The study investigates how different <span><math><mi>μ</mi></math></span> values correlate with activity levels and detect abnormalities. Additionally, the paper addresses the stochastic nature of human behavior, and the impact of <span><math><mi>μ</mi></math></span> on predictability and variability, and provides insights into detection thresholds and interval times. The findings highlight the potential for enhancing abnormality detection and suggest a comprehensive understanding of human activeness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A method to detect enzymatic reactions with field effect transistor","authors":"Alexander Kuznetsov ,&nbsp;Mariia Andrianova ,&nbsp;Dmitriy Ryazantsev ,&nbsp;Andrey Sheshil ,&nbsp;Vitaliy Grudtsov ,&nbsp;Valerii Vechorko ,&nbsp;Natalia Komarova","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Study of enzyme-substrate interactions is a task of great practical and scientific importance. This paper describes the application of ion-sensitive field effect transistors in quasi-equilibrium state for examination of enzymatic reactions. A reaction occurring in the liquid gate affects the chemical potential of electrons in this gate, and this phenomenon may be used to explore biochemical interactions. This strategy can be applied to detect interactions of enzymes with substrates, inhibitors and activators regardless of their optical and electrochemical properties. Using the developed method, the reactions catalyzed by the enzymes belonging to six different EC classes were analyzed, and Michaelis constants for their substrates were determibed. <em>K</em>_<em>m</em> values obtained using the proposed method were in good agreement with those obtained with standard colorimetric and fluorimentric assays. Practical potential of the described method was demonstrated by studying the interactions of a diagnostically significant enzyme α-D-galactosidase with its natural and artificial substrates and its inhibitor. <em>K</em>_<em>m</em> values for α-D-galactosidase using melibiose and raffinose as substrates and IC50 value for the enzyme inhibitor 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin were determined. The described method allows rapid and label-free investigation of enzyme interactions with substrates, inhibitors and activators for a wide range of biocatalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266635112400024X/pdfft?md5=4d52ee86a1d882d955efddee7d99e5d4&pid=1-s2.0-S266635112400024X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blue luminescent carbon quantum dots derived from diverse banana peels for selective sensing of Fe(III) ions","authors":"Noona Shahada Kunnath Parambil ,&nbsp;Arish Dasan ,&nbsp;Amrutha Thaivalappil Premkumar ,&nbsp;Neeroli Kizhakayil Renuka ,&nbsp;Selwin Joseyphus Raphael","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The eco-friendly production of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from natural resources remains appealing owing to their superior optical properties. This work presents the synthesis of highly fluorescent CQDs from peels of different varieties of Musa (yellow, green, and red) through a straightforward one-step hydrothermal process, without needing a bit of metal salt or oxidizing agent. The proposed method resulted in quantum yields (QY) of 18.06 %, and 13.06 %, for CQDs from normal yellow banana and green banana, respectively compared to other CQDs derived from natural sources. The QY for the CQDs extracted from the small yellow banana was 7.72 %, while the red banana had a much lower value of 2.6 %. The optical properties of CQDs of different banana peels are also compared. All the CQDs produced a blue color upon exposure to 360 nm UV radiation, and the fluorescence was excitation-dependent. Moreover, each of the four types of CQDs is proven to be an efficient fluorescent probe capable of selectively detecting Fe³⁺ ions. The linear variation of fluorescence with the analyte amount allowed quantification of ions, with a limit of the detection value of 6 μM, across a concentration range of 37–277 μM. Above all, the real-world applications aimed at sensing Fe³⁺ ions in tap water achieved excellent recoveries ranging from 96 to 100 %. Therefore, these tuneable CQDs with good optical properties present an auspicious avenue for developing nano-sensors in real-time applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666351124000238/pdfft?md5=048be3cb09037da0abdfa379b16ba763&pid=1-s2.0-S2666351124000238-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A capacitive sensor-based approach for type-2 diabetes detection via bio-impedance analysis of erythrocytes","authors":"Santu Guin ,&nbsp;Debjyoti Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Madhurima Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents a novel capacitive sensor-based device for detecting type-2 diabetes through blood analysis. The proposed methodology measures changes in the complex permittivity of red blood cells (RBCs) caused by elevated glucose levels, affecting their rheological and electrical properties, such as viscosity, volume, relative permittivity, dielectric loss, and AC conductivity. These changes, well-documented in the literature, alter the bio-impedance signature of RBCs, serving as an indicator for type-2 diabetes. The study examines various concentrations of normal and diabetic RBCs within a frequency range of 50 kHz to 200 kHz, chosen for its relevance to bio-impedance responses. Experimental results show that healthy RBCs in a 200 <span><math><mi>μ</mi></math></span>L PBS solution have a complex permittivity (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ɛ</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext>mix</mtext></mrow></msub></math></span>) of 65.12 and conductivity (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>σ</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext>mix</mtext></mrow></msub></math></span>) of 0.63 S/m, while diabetic RBCs measure 73.44 and 0.68 S/m, respectively. Additionally, the complex permittivity decreases as the cell concentration increases for both normal and diabetic RBCs. At 100% cell concentration, the average bio-impedance for diabetic blood cells is 50.3 k<span><math><mi>Ω</mi></math></span>, compared to 56.7 k<span><math><mi>Ω</mi></math></span> for healthy blood cells over the entire frequency range. The standard deviation of bio-impedance (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext>mix</mtext></mrow></msub></math></span>) between 50 kHz and 200 kHz highlights the difference between healthy and diabetic RBCs, with 200 kHz measurements proving more reliable. To detect these bio-impedance changes, an interdigitated electrode (IDE) capacitive sensor with 40 capacitive elements was simulated. The complex bio-impedance (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext>mix</mtext></mrow></msub></math></span>) was measured within the 50 kHz–200 kHz frequency range, providing clear differentiation between healthy and diabetic blood cells. Simulation using Finite Element Method (FEM) through COMSOL® software supports these findings, showcasing the sensor’s efficacy in type-2 diabetes detection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666351124000226/pdfft?md5=0226af151d2c9f55fe118223b4378c18&pid=1-s2.0-S2666351124000226-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142157556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}