Sensors International最新文献_第3页

Evaluation of the sensing and adsorption performance of the synthesized emeraldine salt polyaniline for CO2 elimination 合成的祖母绿盐聚苯胺对CO2消除的传感和吸附性能评价

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100340

Hadiseh Masoumi, Amirsoheil Foroughi, Ahad Ghaemi, Hasan Farrokhzad

One of the paramount challenges confronting global communities is the precise measurement and effective mitigation of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, a primary contributor to global warming and its far-reaching impacts. This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of polyaniline for CO₂ capture applications. Through experimentation conducted within a temperature range of 25–65

°C

and a pressure range of 1–9 bar, the adsorption behavior of these polymers was comprehensively evaluated. Notably, polyaniline exhibited an impressive CO₂ adsorption capacity of 10.153 mmol/g under optimal conditions. Further analysis revealed the cyclic stability of these polymers, with polyaniline displaying a 96 % adsorption rate in the fifth cycle. Additionally, thin films of this polymer were synthesized to assess their sensing capabilities, with the thin polyaniline film exhibiting a 51.35 % response to pure CO₂. Polyaniline demonstrated a linear response trend to varying CO₂ concentrations. Moreover, the optimal operating temperatures for the thin film sensors were determined to be 35

°C

. The rapid response and recovery times for this sensor underscore their potential efficacy in real-world CO₂ sensing applications. In summary, the findings highlight the promising performance of polyaniline as a versatile material for CO₂ adsorption and sensing, offering significant implications for the development of sustainable solutions to address the pressing challenges of carbon emissions.

全球社会面临的最重要挑战之一是精确测量和有效减缓二氧化碳排放，二氧化碳是造成全球变暖及其深远影响的主要因素。本文主要研究了用于CO2捕集的聚苯胺的合成和表征。通过在25-65℃的温度范围和1-9 bar的压力范围内进行实验，综合评价了这些聚合物的吸附行为。值得注意的是，在最佳条件下，聚苯胺的CO2吸附量为10.153 mmol/g。进一步的分析揭示了这些聚合物的循环稳定性，聚苯胺在第五次循环中表现出96%的吸附率。此外，我们还合成了这种聚合物的薄膜来评估它们的传感能力，聚苯胺薄膜对纯二氧化碳的响应率为51.35%。聚苯胺对不同CO2浓度表现出线性响应趋势。此外，薄膜传感器的最佳工作温度确定为35℃。该传感器的快速响应和恢复时间强调了其在实际二氧化碳传感应用中的潜在功效。总之，这些发现突出了聚苯胺作为二氧化碳吸附和传感的通用材料的良好性能，为开发可持续解决方案以应对紧迫的碳排放挑战提供了重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Current advancements in microneedle technology for therapeutic and biomedical applications 用于治疗和生物医学应用的微针技术的最新进展

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100325

Olivia Sen , Poulami Poddar , Poulami Sarkar , Sanchita Das , Sreejan Manna

Microneedle technology has gained large interest as an innovative biomedical device to deliver molecules to the targeted site through the skin layers. Microneedle consists of microscale needle with a specific length about 0.1–1 mm. In comparison to conventional transdermal delivery approaches, the microneedle technique has several advantagesincluding minimal invasiveness, painlessand convenient administration, with higher patient compliance. Microneedles are categorized into several types such as solid microneedle, coated microneedle, hollow microneedle, dissolvable microneedle, hydrogel microneedle, swellable microneedle, and porous microneedle. Microneedles can be made of different materials, and may vary in size and forms. They may also vary in design depending on composition, manufacturing process and area of application. Silicon, stainless steel, polymers, coating materials, biodegradable materials, several crosslinking techniques and biosensing devices are used to fabricate microneedles. can be employed as a leading novel technology for drug administration, vaccinations, cosmetics, diagnostics, tissue engineering, cancer studies, and wound care. This review narrates the fabrication techniques of microneedles alongside its applications in drug delivery and biomedical field including sensory applications.

微针技术作为一种创新的生物医学设备，通过皮肤层将分子输送到目标部位，已经引起了人们的极大兴趣。微针由比长约0.1-1 mm的微型针组成。与传统的透皮给药方法相比，微针技术具有侵入性小、无痛、给药方便、患者依从性高等优点。微针可分为固体微针、包覆微针、空心微针、可溶微针、水凝胶微针、可膨胀微针、多孔微针等几种类型。微针可以由不同的材料制成，并且在大小和形状上可能有所不同。根据成分、制造工艺和应用领域的不同，它们的设计也可能有所不同。硅、不锈钢、聚合物、涂层材料、可生物降解材料、几种交联技术和生物传感装置被用于制造微针。可用于药物管理，疫苗接种，化妆品，诊断，组织工程，癌症研究和伤口护理的领先新技术。本文综述了微针的制备技术及其在药物输送和生物医学领域的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Synthesis and application of Schiff base as a dual-mode chemosensor for optical determination of aluminium ion content in water samples 希夫碱双模化学传感器光学测定水样中铝离子含量的合成及应用

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100313

Nuttapon Apiratikul , Pornpimol Bunrit , Sasikarn Jommaroeng , Pornthip Boonsri , Kriangsak Songsrirote

Aluminium is highly abundant in the earth's crust and has played a pivotal role in various industries for centuries. Its versatility and abundance have led to its widespread use in everything from food packaging to construction materials. However, this extensive use has also raised concerns about its potential impact on human health and the environment. This study aimed to synthesize and apply a Schiff base molecule, N-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthylmethylidene)-o-aminoacetophenone (N-HyNA), as an optical sensor for aluminium ion (Al³⁺) determination. The synthesis of N-HyNA was achieved with a high yield of 85 % through the reaction of 2-Hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and 2-aminoacetonephenone. N-HyNA showed a maximum absorption wavelength at 465.0 nm, and fluorescence emission at 357.0 nm with the excitation wavelength of 278.0 nm. Both absorption and fluorescence signals of N-HyNA were selectively quenched in the presence of aluminium ion. Under optimal conditions for Al³⁺ detection, the absorption mode of N-HyNA with DMSO as a solvent had the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.005 ppm and detection range of 0.01–2.0 ppm, while the fluorescence mode with EtOH as a solvent had the LOD of 0.013 ppm and detection range of 0.05–0.40 ppm. The developed approach demonstrated good agreement in Al³⁺ determination with the conventional atomic absorption spectroscopic technique when using natural water samples and their standard-spiked samples with recovery ranging from 84.0 to 114.0 %. Additionally, analytical characterization was conducted to investigate the quenching mechanism between Al³⁺ and N-HyNA, and a computational study was performed to elucidate the binding position of Al³⁺ in the N-HyNA complex. This developed chemosensor offered a simple and fast, yet accurate and selective detection of Al³⁺ in water samples.

铝在地壳中储量丰富，几个世纪以来一直在各种工业中发挥着关键作用。它的多功能性和丰富性使其广泛应用于从食品包装到建筑材料的所有领域。然而，这种广泛使用也引起了人们对其对人类健康和环境的潜在影响的关注。本研究旨在合成并应用希夫碱分子N-（2-羟基-1-萘基甲基）-o-氨基苯乙酮（N- hyna）作为测定铝离子（Al3+）的光学传感器。以2-羟基-1-萘醛和2-氨基乙酮为原料，以85%的收率合成了N-HyNA。N-HyNA的最大吸收波长为465.0 nm，荧光发射波长为357.0 nm，激发波长为278.0 nm。在铝离子存在下，N-HyNA的吸收和荧光信号都被选择性猝灭。在Al3+检测的最佳条件下，以DMSO为溶剂的N-HyNA吸收模式的检出限（LOD）为0.005 ppm，检出范围为0.01 ~ 2.0 ppm；以EtOH为溶剂的荧光模式的检出限（LOD）为0.013 ppm，检出范围为0.05 ~ 0.40 ppm。该方法与传统原子吸收光谱法测定Al3+的结果一致，在测定天然水样及其标配样品时，回收率为84.0% ~ 114.0%。此外，通过分析表征研究了Al3+与N-HyNA之间的猝灭机制，并通过计算研究阐明了Al3+在N-HyNA配合物中的结合位置。这种化学传感器提供了一种简单、快速、准确和选择性的检测水样中的Al3+。

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引用次数: 0

Molecularly imprinted polymer fluorescent spots (MIP@spots) for CA 19-9 detection on a solid substrate 分子印迹聚合物荧光点（MIP@spots）用于在固体底物上检测CA 19-9

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100333

Ana Xu , Eduarda Rodrigues , Paula Sampaio , M.A. Marques , Joaquim Alves , Ana Margarida L. Piloto

Molecularly imprinted membranes were developed as a solid-support sensing platform for detecting the pancreatic cancer biomarker carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) using a color-gradient method. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were first synthesized around quantum dots (QDs) as colloidal MIP@QDs and subsequently integrated onto polyamide membranes (MIP@spots). This solid-support platform provided a stable and uniform surface for biorecognition, ensuring consistent performance and facilitating optical sensing. The MIP@spots effectively detected CA 19-9 in 1 % HN serum in PBS. Fluorescence quenching correlated with increasing CA 19-9 concentrations, producing a distinct color gradient measured using average RGB values from the MIP@spots' central areas via a mobile app. The system exhibited a linear detection range of 0.398–90.2 U mL⁻¹ and achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.141 U mL⁻¹, well below the clinical threshold of 37 U mL⁻¹. The polyamide membrane's porosity retained the MIP structure while preventing QDs agglomeration, enhancing sensitivity and reproducibility. This innovative platform offers a low-cost, highly sensitive, and specific tool for CA 19-9 detection. Its stability, simplicity, and compatibility with solid supports make it highly suitable for point-of-care testing (PoCT). This advancement highlights the potential of solid-support platforms in biosensing, paving the way for improved clinical diagnostics and personalized healthcare applications.

分子印迹膜作为一种固体支撑传感平台，利用颜色梯度法检测胰腺癌生物标志物碳水化合物抗原19-9 （CA 19-9）。分子印迹聚合物（MIPs）首先以胶体形式在量子点（QDs）周围合成MIP@QDs，随后集成到聚酰胺膜（MIP@spots）上。这种固体支撑平台为生物识别提供了稳定而均匀的表面，确保了一致的性能并促进了光学传感。MIP@spots有效检测了PBS中1% HN血清中的CA 19-9。荧光猝灭与CA 19-9浓度的增加相关，通过移动应用程序从MIP@spots'中心区域使用平均RGB值测量产生明显的颜色梯度。该系统的线性检测范围为0.398-90.2 U mL - 1，检测限（LOD）为0.141 U mL - 1，远低于临床阈值37 U mL - 1。聚酰胺膜的多孔性保留了MIP结构，同时防止了量子点的聚集，提高了灵敏度和再现性。这种创新的平台为CA 19-9检测提供了低成本、高灵敏度和特异性的工具。它的稳定性、简单性以及与固体支架的兼容性使其非常适合于即时护理测试（PoCT）。这一进展突出了固体支持平台在生物传感领域的潜力，为改进临床诊断和个性化医疗保健应用铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Design and characterization of zirconia nanoparticles filled polydimethylsiloxane composites based flexible capacitance pressure sensor 纳米氧化锆填充聚二甲基硅氧烷复合材料柔性电容压力传感器的设计与表征

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100330

Soly Mathew, Krishnamoorthi Chintagumpala

Flexible capacitance pressure sensors (fCPS) are widely researched due to their compact geometry and low power consumption, wireless sensor output readability. fCPS show sensitivity by either change in dielectric permittivity (

ϵ

) or dimension (strain) of dielectric sandwich layer in parallel plate capacitor (PPC) configuration. In addition, fCPS should have low dielectric loss, low driving electric field. All these can be easily achieved with high dielectric constant fillers in flexible elastomers. Here zirconia nanoparticles (ZNPs) at 0, 0.5, 1, & 1.5 wt% were dispersed in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix to fabricate four different dielectric elastomer composites (DEC) sandwich layers for fCPS. fCPS were made by sandwiching the DECs between flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates coated with conductive silver epoxy. Both dielectric constant and sensitivity increases with ZNPs filler content. Out of four fCPS fabricated, the sensor with 1.5 wt% ZNPs DEC sandwich layer shows very high sensitivity of 1.69 kPa⁻¹ in 0–5 kPa range, and shows low sensitivity (0.006 kPa⁻¹) in 5 – 145 kPa. This fCPS was also shown small hysteresis (5.4%), fast response and recovery time (128 & 190 ms), and long durability. The sensor data were compared and contrasted with the literature data. Touch, motion, and strain sensing capabilities of this fCPS were also studied. It shows very good functionalities of the above functions. Thus it shows good prospectus for both biomedical (vital sign monitor, gait analysis, communication), and industrial (robotic, human machine interface) applications.

柔性电容式压力传感器（fCPS）由于其结构紧凑、功耗低、传感器输出具有无线可读性等优点而受到广泛的研究。平行板电容器（PPC）结构中，fCPS通过介电常数（ε）或介电夹层尺寸（应变）的变化来表现灵敏度。此外，fps还应具有低介电损耗、低驱动电场等特点。所有这些都可以很容易地实现高介电常数填料在柔性弹性体。氧化锆纳米粒子（ZNPs）在0,0.5,1,&；将1.5% wt%分散在聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）基体中，制备四种不同的介电弹性体复合材料（DEC）夹层用于fCPS。将DECs夹在涂有导电银环氧树脂的柔性聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）衬底之间制备fCPS。介电常数和灵敏度随ZNPs填料含量的增加而增加。在4个fps中，含有1.5% ZNPs DEC夹层层的传感器在0-5 kPa范围内灵敏度高达1.69 kPa−1，在5 - 145 kPa范围内灵敏度较低（0.006 kPa−1）。该fps还具有较小的滞后（5.4%），快速响应和恢复时间(128 &；190毫秒)，耐用性长。将传感器数据与文献数据进行比较和对比。研究了该fCPS的触觉、运动和应变传感能力。它显示了上述功能的良好功能。因此，它在生物医学（生命体征监测、步态分析、通信）和工业（机器人、人机界面）应用中都显示出良好的前景。

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引用次数: 0

A smart glove to evaluate Parkinson's disease by flexible piezoelectric and inertial sensors 一种用柔性压电和惯性传感器评估帕金森病的智能手套

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100324

R. De Fazio , C. Del-Valle-Soto , V.M. Mastronardi , M. De Vittorio , P. Visconti

Parkinson's disease (PD), to date, is widespread. It is a neurodegenerative disease that impairs the quality of life of the affected, as it is a slowly but progressively evolving disease. This paper presents a smart glove for evaluating PD patients by monitoring hand tremors and evaluating specific exercises involved by the MDS-UPDRS (Movement Disorder Society - Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale), enabling disease evolution assessment. The smart glove consists of a TPU flexible support, integrating two flexible MEMS piezoelectric sensors based on Aluminum Nitride and an inertial sensor to detect finger and arm movements. The smart glove integrates an electronic conditioning section for piezoelectric signals to make them suitable for the following acquisition by a microcontroller section based on nRF52840 SoC, which jointly processes the piezoelectric and inertial signals related to standard patient's hand and arm exercises (i.e., finger tapping, fist opening/closing of the hand, resting hand tremor), assigning them scores according to the MDS-UPDRS. Three embedded Machine Learning (ML) algorithms based on Neural Networks (NN) were deployed to classify piezoelectric and inertial signals. Seven individuals, six of them with diagnosed PD, were involved in developing ML models. Datasets were gathered to train and test the ML algorithms, constituted by signal samples related to three tests involved in the UPDRS scale according to PD severity. The tests demonstrated the proper operation of the proposed smart glove in tracking the movement changes induced by PD; also, the developed embedded ML algorithms showed performance in classifying hand/arm movements, reaching 95.12 %, 98.39 %, and 96.62 % for finger-tapping, hand-fist closure, and resting tremor, respectively.

帕金森氏症（PD）至今仍很普遍。它是一种神经退行性疾病，会损害患者的生活质量，因为它是一种缓慢但逐渐发展的疾病。本文提出了一种智能手套，通过监测手部震颤和评估MDS-UPDRS（运动障碍学会-统一帕金森病评定量表）中涉及的特定运动来评估PD患者，从而实现疾病演变评估。该智能手套由TPU柔性支架组成，集成了两个基于氮化铝的柔性MEMS压电传感器和一个惯性传感器，用于检测手指和手臂的运动。智能手套集成了压电信号的电子调理部分，使其适用于基于nRF52840 SoC的微控制器部分的后续采集，该微控制器部分联合处理与标准患者手部和手臂运动相关的压电信号和惯性信号（即手指敲击，手的拳头打开/闭合，静止的手震颤），并根据MDS-UPDRS对其进行评分。采用三种基于神经网络的嵌入式机器学习算法对压电信号和惯性信号进行分类。7个人，其中6人诊断为帕金森病，参与了ML模型的开发。收集数据集训练和测试ML算法，这些数据集由UPDRS量表中根据PD严重程度涉及的三个测试相关的信号样本组成。实验结果表明，所设计的智能手套能够很好地跟踪PD引起的运动变化；此外，所开发的嵌入式ML算法在手/手臂运动分类方面表现出色，对手指敲击、手-拳闭合和静息性震颤的分类分别达到95.12%、98.39%和96.62%。

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引用次数: 0

A novel method utilizing a portable digital image-based colorimeter detector and a glutathione-functionalized gold nanoparticles (GSH-AuNPs) sensor for the highly selective and sensitive detection of creatinine in urine sample 一种利用便携式数字图像比色仪检测器和谷胱甘肽功能化金纳米颗粒（GSH-AuNPs）传感器的高选择性和高灵敏度检测尿样中肌酐的新方法

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100327

Eduwin Saputra , Zora Rispa Kase , Idham Ananta Timur , Aufaclav Zatu Kusuma Frisky , Naufal Dhaffa Akbar Wicaksono , Wisnu Aryo Jatmiko , Zulfa Munawwaroh , Alimin , Fajar Inggit Pambudi , Sri Juari Santosa

Various methods can be employed to detect creatinine in urine, but the colorimetric method stands out for its speed, simplicity, and cost-effectiveness. In this study, glutathione-functionalized gold nanoparticles (GSH-AuNPs) were synthesized and used as a sensor to detect creatinine, utilizing a portable digital image-based colorimeter developed in our laboratory. The synthesized GSH-AuNPs exhibit a distinctive wine-red colour and have a uniform spherical shape with an average size of 56.7 nm, showing a maximum absorbance peak at a wavelength of 522 nm. The optimum conditions for detecting creatinine were a pH of 6 and a reaction time of 20 min. FTIR data confirm that the detection mechanism involves hydrogen bond between the -NH₂ group of creatinine and the -COO^- group on the surface of the GSH-AuNPs. This is evidenced by a shift in the stretching vibration of the -COO^-, leading to the aggregation of the GSH-AuNPs, resulting in an average size of 191.5 nm. The developed portable colorimeter, used as a detector for the GSH-AuNPs sensor in creatinine detection, achieved a limit of detection (LoD) of 0.016 mM. In comparison, the UV–Vis spectrophotometer as the detector has a LoD of 0.029 mM, and the Jaffe method has a LoD of 0.038 mM, making the proposed colorimetric method the most sensitive. The proposed colorimetric method demonstrates good selectivity for creatinine and has been successfully applied to detect creatinine in artificial urine with a recovery value of 99–103 %.

多种方法可用于检测尿肌酐，但比色法以其快速，简单和成本效益而脱颖而出。在这项研究中，我们合成了谷胱甘肽功能化的金纳米颗粒（GSH-AuNPs），并利用我们实验室开发的便携式数字图像比色仪作为检测肌酐的传感器。合成的GSH-AuNPs呈独特的酒红色，具有均匀的球形，平均尺寸为56.7 nm，在波长522 nm处出现最大吸光度峰。检测肌酸酐的最佳条件为pH = 6，反应时间为20 min。FTIR数据证实了检测机制与GSH-AuNPs表面肌酸酐- nh2基团与- coo -基团之间的氢键有关。这可以通过- coo -拉伸振动的变化来证明，导致GSH-AuNPs聚集，导致平均尺寸为191.5 nm。所开发的便携式比色仪用于GSH-AuNPs传感器检测肌酐，检测限（LoD）为0.016 mM。相比之下，紫外-可见分光光度计作为检测限的LoD为0.029 mM， Jaffe法的LoD为0.038 mM，使所提出的比色法最灵敏。所建立的比色法对肌酐具有良好的选择性，已成功地应用于人工尿液中肌酐的检测，回收率为99 ~ 103%。

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引用次数: 0

Buckypaper for high sensitivity strain and temperature sensing 高灵敏度应变和温度传感用巴克纸

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100342

Rufaydah Hassan, Amal M.K. Esawi, Mustafa Arafa

This study investigates the use of Carbon Nanotube (CNT) Buckypapers (BP) as strain and temperature sensors. To further improve the sensor sensitivity, the produced BP was subjected to a combination of post-treatments; namely, annealing, exposure to a boiling solvent, and compaction. The effect of these post-treatments on the sensor's gauge factor was evaluated to determine the best post-treatments (or combinations thereof) that give the highest gauge factor. Loading/unloading as well as heating/cooling experiments were carried out to examine the piezoresistivity behavior and temperature sensitivity of the produced sensors. The morphology of the best-performing sensor and its fracture morphology were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and compared to as-fabricated sensors that have not been subjected to any post-treatments. In addition, in-situ tensile testing of the BP sensor was carried out to elucidate the mechanisms which influence the response of the BP sensor under strain.

The study revealed that by employing a combination of annealing and compaction, it was possible to attain a remarkable sensitivity, with gauge factors exceeding 170 and a Temperature Coefficient of Resistance value of −0.0064 %/°C. It was observed that the sensor's electrical resistance increases with strain and decreases with temperature. The increase with strain was related to the effect of strain on the morphology of the dense entangled network of the CNTs that make up the BPs. The CNTs were observed to straighten and move away from each other thus reducing the CNT-CNT junctions responsible for electrical conductance. On the other hand, the decrease in electrical resistance as temperature increases is attributed to the increased inter-tube hopping of electrons which is facilitated by temperature. The CNT-based sensor with its high sensitivity, flexibility, and lightweight is suitable for a wide range of applications such as structural health monitoring, human motion sensing, wearable electronics, and biomedical applications.

本研究探讨了碳纳米管（CNT）巴克纸（BP）作为应变和温度传感器的应用。为了进一步提高传感器的灵敏度，对产生的BP进行了综合后处理；即退火、暴露于沸腾的溶剂和压实。评估这些后处理对传感器的测量因子的影响，以确定给出最高测量因子的最佳后处理（或其组合）。进行了加载/卸载以及加热/冷却实验，以检查所生产传感器的压阻性能和温度灵敏度。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对性能最好的传感器的形貌和断裂形貌进行了评估，并与未进行任何后处理的预制传感器进行了比较。此外，还对BP传感器进行了现场拉伸试验，阐明了影响BP传感器应变响应的机理。研究表明，通过采用退火和压实相结合的方法，可以获得显着的灵敏度，测量因子超过170，电阻温度系数值为- 0.0064% /°C。结果表明，传感器电阻随应变增大，随温度升高而减小。随应变的增加与应变对组成bp的碳纳米管密集纠缠网络形貌的影响有关。观察到碳纳米管相互拉直并远离，从而减少了负责导电的碳纳米管-碳纳米管结。另一方面，电阻随温度升高而降低是由于温度促进了电子在管间的跳变。基于碳纳米管的传感器具有高灵敏度、灵活性和轻量化等特点，适用于结构健康监测、人体运动传感、可穿戴电子产品和生物医学等广泛应用。

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引用次数: 0

GaN Nanopowder synthesis via nitridation: Fabrication and characterization of GaN thin Films for UV detection applications 氮化法合成氮化镓纳米粉末：用于紫外检测的氮化镓薄膜的制备和表征

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100329

Mahdi Hajimazdarani , Peyman Yaghoubizadeh , Ali Jafari , Ali Kenarsari Moghadam , Mojtaba Hajimazdarani , Mohammad Javad Eshraghi

This study presents a novel method for synthesizing gallium nitride nanoparticles via nitridation and their subsequent deposition onto silicon substrates using electron beam evaporation for UV detection applications. The structural and optical properties of the resulting gallium nitride thin films were thoroughly characterized. X-ray diffraction confirmed that the synthesized powder has a wurtzite crystal structure, while the deposited thin film has an amorphous structure. Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed a uniform layer with an approximate thickness of 150 nm. Energy dispersive spectroscopy confirmed that the stoichiometric ratio of gallium to nitrogen was maintained throughout the coating process. Additionally, ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy measurements revealed a bandgap of 3.37 eV for the deposited thin film. Additionally, gold electrodes were deposited on the gallium nitride thin film, and the optical sensor's detection properties were evaluated, demonstrating a sensitivity of 133.6 along with rise and fall times of 18 ms and 15 ms, respectively. These findings underscore the potential of gallium nitride-based materials for advanced optical sensor applications in various fields.

本研究提出了一种新的方法，通过氮化合成氮化镓纳米颗粒，并将其随后沉积到硅衬底上，利用电子束蒸发用于紫外检测。对所制备的氮化镓薄膜的结构和光学性能进行了全面表征。x射线衍射证实合成的粉末具有纤锌矿晶体结构，而沉积的薄膜具有非晶结构。场发射扫描电镜显示一层厚度约为150nm的均匀层。能量色散光谱证实，在整个涂层过程中，镓与氮的化学计量比保持不变。此外，紫外漫反射光谱测量显示，沉积薄膜的带隙为3.37 eV。此外，将金电极沉积在氮化镓薄膜上，并对光学传感器的检测性能进行了评估，其灵敏度为133.6，上升和下降时间分别为18 ms和15 ms。这些发现强调了氮化镓基材料在各个领域的先进光学传感器应用的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Design of a high accuracy wideband current sensing system by tunneling magnetoresistive device with digital parametric equalizer 带数字参数均衡器的隧道磁阻式高精度宽带电流传感系统的设计

Sensors International

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100311

Sen Qian , Hui Huang , Fuchao Li , Qiang Shi , Xiaohui Yan , Jinghong Guo

Wideband current sensors play a crucial role in the future power grid, especially with the increasing integration of renewable energy and nonlinear loads. This research developed a sensor configuration using tunneling magnetoresistive (TMR) devices for wideband current measurement. A parametric equalizer was also introduced to compensate for minor fluctuations in the TMR sensor's frequency response, thereby reducing wideband measurement errors. A calibration setup was created to test the frequency-dependent accuracy of the compensated TMR sensor. Results showed that relative errors in wideband measurements were reduced to 2 % after compensation, compared to 6 % of the uncompensated results, with power frequency measurement errors falling below 1 %. Furthermore, the designed TMR sensors were deployed in a 0.4 kV household district, demonstrating their practical application in diagnosing the spectral content of the load current. The analysis revealed a range of wideband components, including low-frequency components below 50 Hz, intermediate harmonics, and supraharmonics.

宽带电流传感器在未来电网中发挥着至关重要的作用，特别是随着可再生能源和非线性负荷的日益融合。本研究开发了一种使用隧道磁阻（TMR）器件进行宽带电流测量的传感器配置。还引入了参数均衡器来补偿TMR传感器频率响应中的微小波动，从而减少宽带测量误差。创建了一个校准装置来测试补偿TMR传感器的频率相关精度。结果表明，补偿后的宽带测量相对误差降至2%，而未补偿时的相对误差为6%，工频测量误差降至1%以下。最后，将所设计的TMR传感器应用于一个0.4 kV家庭小区，验证了其在诊断负荷电流频谱含量方面的实际应用。分析揭示了一系列宽带成分，包括低于50赫兹的低频成分，中间谐波和超谐波。

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引用次数: 0