Wafaa M El-Neshwy, Abo-Zaid, A.A.,, El-Mekawey, M.F, Soliman, A.H
This work investigated the prevalence of bovine mastitis in a dairy farm, Ismalia governrate, Egypt with phynotypic and genotypic clarification of the causative bacteria and their antimicrobial susceptibility. Also a treatment trial with a combination of Cafalexin, Kanamycin was evaluated. The total prevalence of mastitis was 31.82% (119/374) at cow level and 17.01% (247/1452) at quarter level. 261 isolates were detected. (74.33%) belong to staphylococcus spp and (25.67%) to streptococcus spp. as major microorganisms (CNS (42.53%) s.aurus (31.80%) s. uberis (12.26%), s. agalactia (8.81%) and s. dysagalactia(4.59%). The isolates were tested against 15 antimicrobial agents and the highest percentage of resistant bacteria was for AMC, P, C and E. while the lowest rate was for CN, CIP, CL and K. Molecular Characterization of isolated pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes was performed by PCR on 15 isolates. blaTEM-1 Was the most frequently detected gen followed by aadA1, dfrA1, cmlA, sul1, and tetA. 110 infected udder quarters were enrolled for 21 days to evaluate the treatment with Terrexine LC intramammary suspension 10g on six occasions at 12 h intervals and gentamycin intramuscular injection (1cm/20kg Bw for 3-5 days in cows with systemic reaction. A high significant reduction was recorded for the log10 SSC, log10 TBC and the level of LDH in milk after treatment compared their level before treatment (P-value <0.0001***). The milk season for cows, degree of mastitis or type of microorganism isolated before treatment have no effect on the recovery rate P-value ˃0.05. In conclusion, the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains is greatly increased so antibiotic usage must be Restricted. PCR can help in the rapid detection of the resistant strains. Treatment of mastitis with combination of antimicrobial may reduce drug resistance. Bovine mastitis still needs updated knowledge on the causative microbes and their antibiotic resistance patterns for optimal control and treatment.
{"title":"PREVALENCE, ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE PROFILES OF CLINICAL AND SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS IN LACTATING COW WITH ASSESSMENT OF TREATMENT TRIAL","authors":"Wafaa M El-Neshwy, Abo-Zaid, A.A.,, El-Mekawey, M.F, Soliman, A.H","doi":"10.26873/svr-1618-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-1618-2022","url":null,"abstract":"This work investigated the prevalence of bovine mastitis in a dairy farm, Ismalia governrate, Egypt with phynotypic and genotypic clarification of the causative bacteria and their antimicrobial susceptibility. Also a treatment trial with a combination of Cafalexin, Kanamycin was evaluated. The total prevalence of mastitis was 31.82% (119/374) at cow level and 17.01% (247/1452) at quarter level. 261 isolates were detected. (74.33%) belong to staphylococcus spp and (25.67%) to streptococcus spp. as major microorganisms (CNS (42.53%) s.aurus (31.80%) s. uberis (12.26%), s. agalactia (8.81%) and s. dysagalactia(4.59%). The isolates were tested against 15 antimicrobial agents and the highest percentage of resistant bacteria was for AMC, P, C and E. while the lowest rate was for CN, CIP, CL and K. Molecular Characterization of isolated pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes was performed by PCR on 15 isolates. blaTEM-1 Was the most frequently detected gen followed by aadA1, dfrA1, cmlA, sul1, and tetA. 110 infected udder quarters were enrolled for 21 days to evaluate the treatment with Terrexine LC intramammary suspension 10g on six occasions at 12 h intervals and gentamycin intramuscular injection (1cm/20kg Bw for 3-5 days in cows with systemic reaction. A high significant reduction was recorded for the log10 SSC, log10 TBC and the level of LDH in milk after treatment compared their level before treatment (P-value <0.0001***). The milk season for cows, degree of mastitis or type of microorganism isolated before treatment have no effect on the recovery rate P-value ˃0.05. In conclusion, the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains is greatly increased so antibiotic usage must be Restricted. PCR can help in the rapid detection of the resistant strains. Treatment of mastitis with combination of antimicrobial may reduce drug resistance. Bovine mastitis still needs updated knowledge on the causative microbes and their antibiotic resistance patterns for optimal control and treatment.","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49174434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was realized to evaluate the efficacy of dietary supplementation of sodium bicarbonate plus magnesium oxide "MgO", calcareous marine algae (AcidBuf) and essential oils (Actifor®Boost) on the animal performance and prevention of ruminal acidosis in goats moreover, evaluation the diagnostic accuracy of some biochemical parameters including blood pH, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), bicarbonate (HCO3-), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), beta-hydroxybutyric acid (βHBA) and plasma L-lactate versus ruminal pH in diagnosis of ruminal acidosis. A total of 30 goats were divided into five equal groups (G1-5) according to the type of dietary treatment. G1 served as a control group and fed the concentrate diet only, G2 fed the concentrate diet supplemented with 10 g Na bicarbonate plus 4g MgO, G3 supplemented with 4g AcidBuf, G4 supplemented with 10 g Na bicarbonate plus 4g MgO plus 4g AcidBuf and G5 supplemented with 1g Actifor® boost/head/day for five days. Tachycardia, tachypnea and decreased ruminal motility were recorded in G1 only. The ruminal pH tended to return to its toward normal for G3 and G4 with a mean of (6.3±0.03 and 6.3±0.01, respectively) which significantly higher than those of G1 and G2 (6.19±0.01 and 6.17±0.02 respectively). A significant increase in plasma L-lactate and a significant decrease in blood pH, HCO3-, pCO2, TAC, and βHBA were recorded in G1 when compared with other groups. Calcareous marine algae with or without adding other compounds found to be a promising rumen buffer agent, moreover TAC and plasma L-lactate showed better diagnostic performance versus rumen pH in the diagnosis of ruminal acidosis.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT RUMEN BUFFERS ON PREVENTION OF RUMINAL ACIDOSIS IN GOATS","authors":"Wafaa Hassan, H. Selim, A. Abdelaal, A. Abdallah","doi":"10.26873/svr-1552-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-1552-2022","url":null,"abstract":"This study was realized to evaluate the efficacy of dietary supplementation of sodium bicarbonate plus magnesium oxide \"MgO\", calcareous marine algae (AcidBuf) and essential oils (Actifor®Boost) on the animal performance and prevention of ruminal acidosis in goats moreover, evaluation the diagnostic accuracy of some biochemical parameters including blood pH, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), bicarbonate (HCO3-), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), beta-hydroxybutyric acid (βHBA) and plasma L-lactate versus ruminal pH in diagnosis of ruminal acidosis. A total of 30 goats were divided into five equal groups (G1-5) according to the type of dietary treatment. G1 served as a control group and fed the concentrate diet only, G2 fed the concentrate diet supplemented with 10 g Na bicarbonate plus 4g MgO, G3 supplemented with 4g AcidBuf, G4 supplemented with 10 g Na bicarbonate plus 4g MgO plus 4g AcidBuf and G5 supplemented with 1g Actifor® boost/head/day for five days. Tachycardia, tachypnea and decreased ruminal motility were recorded in G1 only. The ruminal pH tended to return to its toward normal for G3 and G4 with a mean of (6.3±0.03 and 6.3±0.01, respectively) which significantly higher than those of G1 and G2 (6.19±0.01 and 6.17±0.02 respectively). A significant increase in plasma L-lactate and a significant decrease in blood pH, HCO3-, pCO2, TAC, and βHBA were recorded in G1 when compared with other groups. Calcareous marine algae with or without adding other compounds found to be a promising rumen buffer agent, moreover TAC and plasma L-lactate showed better diagnostic performance versus rumen pH in the diagnosis of ruminal acidosis.","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46346004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brucellosis is one of the most reported zoonotic diseases that affects human health with subsequent economic losses. Brucellosis is an endemic disease in countries in many regions such as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) in the Middle East. On 30 Jan 2020, the Director-General of the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared the novel coronavirus outbreak (later named COVID-19) a public health emergency of international concern. In KSA, on 2 March 2020, the first case of COVID-19 was confirmed. To contain the disease outbreak, partial and full suspension of public activities/curfew started in March and April. In this study, characterization of brucellosis in KSA from 2013-2019 (pre-pandemic), the year 2020 (pandemic control interventions’” year), and the year 2021is presented. Incidence data were obtained from the Ministry of Health’s (MoH) records for laboratory-confirmed cases. Extracted incidence data were analysed according to the nationality of the patients (Saudi and non-Saudi), gender (male and female), age, health regions (20 throughout KSA), and months. From 2013-2019, there were 28073 (mean; 4010) cases of human brucellosis reported. In 2020 and 2021, there were 2372 and 2400 cases of brucellosis reported, respectively. The decrease in 2021, which continued after easing PCI restrictions, is worth noting. This represents a decrease of 59.15% of reported cases compared to incidence means for the period 2013-2019. Compared to other studies, misdiagnosis, delayed diagnosis, patients not seeking medical examination, and dedicating much of the health sector for COVID-19 patients are likely reasons for brucellosis reporting reduction. However, and due to lack of additional necessary data, it is not possible currently to conclude that PCI have (or have not) influenced reducing brucellosis in KSA. Additionally, and in comparison, to reported regional and global incidence rates of the disease, reported rates from 2013-2019 in KSA are likely to be underreported.
{"title":"EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF HUMAN BRUCELLOSIS IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA; PRE- AND DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC","authors":"A. Alsayeqh","doi":"10.26873/svr-1645-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-1645-2022","url":null,"abstract":"Brucellosis is one of the most reported zoonotic diseases that affects human health with subsequent economic losses. Brucellosis is an endemic disease in countries in many regions such as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) in the Middle East. On 30 Jan 2020, the Director-General of the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared the novel coronavirus outbreak (later named COVID-19) a public health emergency of international concern. In KSA, on 2 March 2020, the first case of COVID-19 was confirmed. To contain the disease outbreak, partial and full suspension of public activities/curfew started in March and April. In this study, characterization of brucellosis in KSA from 2013-2019 (pre-pandemic), the year 2020 (pandemic control interventions’” year), and the year 2021is presented. Incidence data were obtained from the Ministry of Health’s (MoH) records for laboratory-confirmed cases. Extracted incidence data were analysed according to the nationality of the patients (Saudi and non-Saudi), gender (male and female), age, health regions (20 throughout KSA), and months. From 2013-2019, there were 28073 (mean; 4010) cases of human brucellosis reported. In 2020 and 2021, there were 2372 and 2400 cases of brucellosis reported, respectively. The decrease in 2021, which continued after easing PCI restrictions, is worth noting. This represents a decrease of 59.15% of reported cases compared to incidence means for the period 2013-2019. Compared to other studies, misdiagnosis, delayed diagnosis, patients not seeking medical examination, and dedicating much of the health sector for COVID-19 patients are likely reasons for brucellosis reporting reduction. However, and due to lack of additional necessary data, it is not possible currently to conclude that PCI have (or have not) influenced reducing brucellosis in KSA. Additionally, and in comparison, to reported regional and global incidence rates of the disease, reported rates from 2013-2019 in KSA are likely to be underreported.","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45572707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Abdelbaset-Ismail, Nehal Ibrahim, M. Samir, Abd-Elmegeed Elmezyen, Mahmoud E. Abd-Elmaboud
Gastrointestinal foreign body (FB) obstruction in felines is one of the emergencies and commonly required surgical interventions. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate the risk factors that could prone cats to ingest FB. This study was retrospectively conducted on sixty-five cats that had been diagnosed with FB obstruction. On the other hand, sixty-five cats that had no clinical findings suggestive of gastrointestinal illnesses were used as controls. Among cats with gastrointestinal illnesses, we found that 9.97% had FB obstructions. The most common presenting breeds of both cat patients with FB obstruction and controls were Persian and Siamese. Similarly, most of the presented normal and diseased cats were males. Cats with FB were younger (p<0.05) than those of control cats. There was no significant difference in the body weight for cats with FB versus control cats. Among the investigated factors, we also observed that living style, anxiety/stress, and frequency of exercise were the only factors that were strongly associated with the occurrence of FB obstruction. In conclusion, observations of this study indicate that a living style, anxiety/stress, and frequency of exercise have a significant impact on cat behavior and should be seen by cat-owned clients as important to prevent pica. Thus, the likelihood of blockage of the gastrointestinal tract by foreign bodies can be reduced.
{"title":"RISK FACTORS FOR GASTROINTESTINAL FOREIGN BODIES IN CATS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY IN EGYPT","authors":"Ahmed Abdelbaset-Ismail, Nehal Ibrahim, M. Samir, Abd-Elmegeed Elmezyen, Mahmoud E. Abd-Elmaboud","doi":"10.26873/svr-1566-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-1566-2022","url":null,"abstract":"Gastrointestinal foreign body (FB) obstruction in felines is one of the emergencies and commonly required surgical interventions. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate the risk factors that could prone cats to ingest FB. This study was retrospectively conducted on sixty-five cats that had been diagnosed with FB obstruction. On the other hand, sixty-five cats that had no clinical findings suggestive of gastrointestinal illnesses were used as controls. Among cats with gastrointestinal illnesses, we found that 9.97% had FB obstructions. The most common presenting breeds of both cat patients with FB obstruction and controls were Persian and Siamese. Similarly, most of the presented normal and diseased cats were males. Cats with FB were younger (p<0.05) than those of control cats. There was no significant difference in the body weight for cats with FB versus control cats. Among the investigated factors, we also observed that living style, anxiety/stress, and frequency of exercise were the only factors that were strongly associated with the occurrence of FB obstruction. In conclusion, observations of this study indicate that a living style, anxiety/stress, and frequency of exercise have a significant impact on cat behavior and should be seen by cat-owned clients as important to prevent pica. Thus, the likelihood of blockage of the gastrointestinal tract by foreign bodies can be reduced.","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41957899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi-Jie Dai, Abdullah F. Alsayeqh, Eman Wagih E. E. Ali, Ahmed S. Abdelaziz, Hesham A. Khalifa, Asmaa S. M. Mohamed, Mohamed E. Alnakip
Cheese represents an important source of essential amino acids, vitamins, and trace elements such as copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn). Cheese can be contaminated with toxic heavy metals due to the use of contaminated ingredients, or during the manufacture process, and distribution. This study was taken to estimate the residual contents of some toxic metals including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg), and trace elements such as zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in five of the most consumed cheese types in Egypt including Domiati, Feta, Karish, Mish, and Rumi. Moreover, calculation of the dietary intakes, and health risk assessment among children and adults were conducted. The obtained results revealed that Mish cheese had the highest residual content of Pb, and As. Karish cheese had the highest content of Cd, and Zn. Mercury was not detected in Feta and Domiati cheese. Calculation of the estimated daily intakes, hazard ratio, and hazard index revealed that consumption of cheese among Egyptian adults and children would not pose health risks. However, such data should be handled carefully as consumption of cheese will provide considerable concentrations of the total buildup of heavy metals to the Egyptian consumers. In addition, consumption of cheese will provide part of the human needs of the essential trace elements including Zn, and Cu.
{"title":"HEAVY METALS CONTENT IN CHEESE: A STUDY OF THEIR DIETARY INTAKE AND HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT","authors":"Yi-Jie Dai, Abdullah F. Alsayeqh, Eman Wagih E. E. Ali, Ahmed S. Abdelaziz, Hesham A. Khalifa, Asmaa S. M. Mohamed, Mohamed E. Alnakip","doi":"10.26873/svr-1639-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-1639-2022","url":null,"abstract":"Cheese represents an important source of essential amino acids, vitamins, and trace elements such as copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn). Cheese can be contaminated with toxic heavy metals due to the use of contaminated ingredients, or during the manufacture process, and distribution. This study was taken to estimate the residual contents of some toxic metals including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg), and trace elements such as zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in five of the most consumed cheese types in Egypt including Domiati, Feta, Karish, Mish, and Rumi. Moreover, calculation of the dietary intakes, and health risk assessment among children and adults were conducted. The obtained results revealed that Mish cheese had the highest residual content of Pb, and As. Karish cheese had the highest content of Cd, and Zn. Mercury was not detected in Feta and Domiati cheese. Calculation of the estimated daily intakes, hazard ratio, and hazard index revealed that consumption of cheese among Egyptian adults and children would not pose health risks. However, such data should be handled carefully as consumption of cheese will provide considerable concentrations of the total buildup of heavy metals to the Egyptian consumers. In addition, consumption of cheese will provide part of the human needs of the essential trace elements including Zn, and Cu.","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46246911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amany I. Ahmed, Nada Nasr, M. Said, Reham H. Alattar, K. El-Dawy
Metabolic syndrome is a crucial health challenge, and the available therapeutic agents are still not effective. Carnosine, a cytoplasmic dipeptide, is a potent anti-glycation, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and chelating agent. However, whether carnosine would be assumed as a potential hypoglycemic agent or not, no decisive report with detailed mechanisms is found yet. As such, we suggest the carnosine-loaded in niosomes as a prospective solution to bypass its unwanted fast degradation by carnosinase which is considered as a major obstacle with the clinical application of carnosine as an oral drug therapy. Toward this, the purpose of our study is to assess the profits of oral administration of carnosine, and carnosine-loaded niosome in HFD-induced metabolic syndrome rats and to inspect some of the involved mechanisms. Initially, carnosine-loaded niosomes were prepared and characterized. Then, metabolic syndrome was provoked by 60% fructose diet in male Sprague Dawley rats where carnosine and carnosine-loaded niosomes were orally administered at doses 50 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg, respectively. In addition, biochemical and molecular studies were performed to clarify the possible mechanisms of action. Data showed that the consumption of 60% fructose diet displayed a tremendous increment in body weight, body mass index as well as a significant elevation in levels of serum glucose, insulin, TAG, TC, LDL-c, VLDL-c and FFA. Also, it showed a significant reduction in levels of serum HDL-c. Furthermore, HFD provoked up-regulation of SREBP-1c and FAS mRNA levels in adipose tissue. Also, it induced down-regulation of SIRT1, GLUT-4 mRNA levels in adipose tissue. We found that oral administration of either carnosine or carnosine-loaded niosome effectively reversed HFD-mediated alterations via SIRT1 activation. Overall, oral delivery of carnosine-loaded niosome had a better efficacy than oral carnosine, attenuating HFD-mediated alterations. Carnosine nano-formulation is a new excellent candidates for metabolic syndrome management and needs further exploration of its mechanisms.
{"title":"CARNOSINE-LOADED ORAL NIOSOMES AMELIORATE HIGH-FRUCTOSE-INDUCED METABOLIC SYNDROME IN RATS VIA MODULATION OF SIRT1, A METABOLIC MASTER SWITCH","authors":"Amany I. Ahmed, Nada Nasr, M. Said, Reham H. Alattar, K. El-Dawy","doi":"10.26873/svr-1563-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-1563-2022","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolic syndrome is a crucial health challenge, and the available therapeutic agents are still not effective. Carnosine, a cytoplasmic dipeptide, is a potent anti-glycation, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and chelating agent. However, whether carnosine would be assumed as a potential hypoglycemic agent or not, no decisive report with detailed mechanisms is found yet. As such, we suggest the carnosine-loaded in niosomes as a prospective solution to bypass its unwanted fast degradation by carnosinase which is considered as a major obstacle with the clinical application of carnosine as an oral drug therapy. Toward this, the purpose of our study is to assess the profits of oral administration of carnosine, and carnosine-loaded niosome in HFD-induced metabolic syndrome rats and to inspect some of the involved mechanisms. Initially, carnosine-loaded niosomes were prepared and characterized. Then, metabolic syndrome was provoked by 60% fructose diet in male Sprague Dawley rats where carnosine and carnosine-loaded niosomes were orally administered at doses 50 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg, respectively. In addition, biochemical and molecular studies were performed to clarify the possible mechanisms of action. Data showed that the consumption of 60% fructose diet displayed a tremendous increment in body weight, body mass index as well as a significant elevation in levels of serum glucose, insulin, TAG, TC, LDL-c, VLDL-c and FFA. Also, it showed a significant reduction in levels of serum HDL-c. Furthermore, HFD provoked up-regulation of SREBP-1c and FAS mRNA levels in adipose tissue. Also, it induced down-regulation of SIRT1, GLUT-4 mRNA levels in adipose tissue. We found that oral administration of either carnosine or carnosine-loaded niosome effectively reversed HFD-mediated alterations via SIRT1 activation. Overall, oral delivery of carnosine-loaded niosome had a better efficacy than oral carnosine, attenuating HFD-mediated alterations. Carnosine nano-formulation is a new excellent candidates for metabolic syndrome management and needs further exploration of its mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41819099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hosny Abd El-Fadil Ibrahim, S. Shalaby, R.M.M. Hebishy, A. Abdelfattah-Hassan, Eman Mohamed Abdel Mohsen Abdel Ghani
Bleomycin (BL) is a well-known anticarcinogenic chemotherapy that is used for the remedy of numerous varieties of most cancers. However, the use of BL became connected to the prevalence of several unfavorable results together with skin and lung fibrosis and testicular cancer. Dietary micronutrients such as vitamin E, and selenium (Se) are gambling critical roles in maintaining the health of human and animals and preserving the cell redox status homeostasis through their antioxidant roles. The objectives of the current investigation had been to investigate BL-induced male infertility in Albino rats. The protecting effects of either vitamin E, or Se towards such detrimental outcomes had been additionally examined. Moreover, the potential mechanisms behind such adverse effects had been evaluated. The obtained results indicated significant reduction in the testosterone, FSH, and LH levels in the BL-treated group. Likely, sperm characteristics as sperm count and motility had been significantly reduced in BL-treated group. Such changes have been associated with a significant reduction within the antioxidant enzymes including CAT, GPx, SOD, and MDA. Interestingly, co-exposure of experimental rats to either BL with vitamin E, or Se had notably parameters relatively close to the normal levels suggesting the ameliorative effects of vitamin E and Se towards BL-induced male infertility.
{"title":"AMELIORATIVE EFFECTS OF VITAMIN E AND SELENIUM ON BLEOMYCIN-INDUCED MALE INFERTILITY","authors":"Hosny Abd El-Fadil Ibrahim, S. Shalaby, R.M.M. Hebishy, A. Abdelfattah-Hassan, Eman Mohamed Abdel Mohsen Abdel Ghani","doi":"10.26873/svr-1673-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-1673-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Bleomycin (BL) is a well-known anticarcinogenic chemotherapy that is used for the remedy of numerous varieties of most cancers. However, the use of BL became connected to the prevalence of several unfavorable results together with skin and lung fibrosis and testicular cancer. Dietary micronutrients such as vitamin E, and selenium (Se) are gambling critical roles in maintaining the health of human and animals and preserving the cell redox status homeostasis through their antioxidant roles. The objectives of the current investigation had been to investigate BL-induced male infertility in Albino rats. The protecting effects of either vitamin E, or Se towards such detrimental outcomes had been additionally examined. Moreover, the potential mechanisms behind such adverse effects had been evaluated. The obtained results indicated significant reduction in the testosterone, FSH, and LH levels in the BL-treated group. Likely, sperm characteristics as sperm count and motility had been significantly reduced in BL-treated group. Such changes have been associated with a significant reduction within the antioxidant enzymes including CAT, GPx, SOD, and MDA. Interestingly, co-exposure of experimental rats to either BL with vitamin E, or Se had notably parameters relatively close to the normal levels suggesting the ameliorative effects of vitamin E and Se towards BL-induced male infertility.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48855539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current findings aimed to find out camel milk's effects on lipid metabolism, expression of the genes for antioxidant enzymes and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity in rats fed diet-containing cholesterol 1%. Therefore, 30 rats were divided into three groups (10 rats per each). Rats of the first group, which acted as a control group, fed a basic diet. Rats of the second group fed a basal diet that included 1% cholesterol however, rats of the third group fed cholesterol 1% accompanied by oral administration of camel's milk (100mL/24h/cage/5 rats) as the only source of water for them. Diet of cholesterol 1% induced significant increase in serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TAG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities whereas lower serum PON-1 activity was observed when compared to control. Diet of cholesterol 1% induced significant increase in hepatic Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) however, compared to the control, a significant decrease in the activity and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione-S transferase (GST), and reduced glutathione (GSH) were detected. These detrimental effects were ameliorated into accepted range in camel milk treated group. Fatty degeneration and fatty cysts in liver tissues were detected in rats fed cholesterol diet but the affected liver showed acceptable degree of recovery in camel milk treated group. Conclusively, camel milk was potential for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia in rats.
{"title":"CAMEL MILK MODULATES LIPID METABOLISM, EXPRESSION OF ENZYMATIC ANTIOXIDANTS GENES AND PARAOXONASE ACTIVITY IN RATS FED HIGH CHOLESTEROL DIET","authors":"A. Alnahas, S. El-Bahr, M. Zabady","doi":"10.26873/svr-1583-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-1583-2022","url":null,"abstract":"Current findings aimed to find out camel milk's effects on lipid metabolism, expression of the genes for antioxidant enzymes and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity in rats fed diet-containing cholesterol 1%. Therefore, 30 rats were divided into three groups (10 rats per each). Rats of the first group, which acted as a control group, fed a basic diet. Rats of the second group fed a basal diet that included 1% cholesterol however, rats of the third group fed cholesterol 1% accompanied by oral administration of camel's milk (100mL/24h/cage/5 rats) as the only source of water for them. Diet of cholesterol 1% induced significant increase in serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TAG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities whereas lower serum PON-1 activity was observed when compared to control. Diet of cholesterol 1% induced significant increase in hepatic Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) however, compared to the control, a significant decrease in the activity and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione-S transferase (GST), and reduced glutathione (GSH) were detected. These detrimental effects were ameliorated into accepted range in camel milk treated group. Fatty degeneration and fatty cysts in liver tissues were detected in rats fed cholesterol diet but the affected liver showed acceptable degree of recovery in camel milk treated group. Conclusively, camel milk was potential for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia in rats.","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44365102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fat-associated lymphoid clusters (FALCs) are novel lymphoid tissues that have been reported in the mesenteric and mediastinal fat tissue of mouse and human. It plays role in the progression of respiratory and intestinal inflammation and parasitic infestations. However, their occurrence in the chicken air sacs and mesenteric adipose tissue has not yet been identified. Here we investigated the occurrence and distribution of FALCs in the air sacs (cervical, clavicular, thoracic, and abdominal) and mesenteric adipose tissue of healthy chicken. The latter air sacs and mesentery were immediately harvested after anesthesia and cutting the chicken heads then fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde fixative solution for histopathological examination. The degree of FALCs development among different specimens was measured and statistically analyzed. Our results revealed lymphoid clusters associating with the adipose tissues in mesentery, and air sacs (clavicular, thoracic, and abdominal), but not the cervical one. Interestingly, the thoracic air sacs showed significant higher FALCs size in comparison to that of other air sac types and the mesentery. Our findings suggested other possible immunological role of the air sacs and mesentery that could have impact on the progression of air sacculitis and mesenteritis- associate diseases. However, further investigations are required for clarification of air sacs and mesenteric FALCs in the progressions of respiratory and digestive tract diseases.
{"title":"CHICKEN AIR SACS AND MESENTERY: A HISTOMORPHOMETRICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDY","authors":"Y. Elewa, M. Islam, S. Mohamed","doi":"10.26873/svr-1582-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-1582-2022","url":null,"abstract":"Fat-associated lymphoid clusters (FALCs) are novel lymphoid tissues that have been reported in the mesenteric and mediastinal fat tissue of mouse and human. It plays role in the progression of respiratory and intestinal inflammation and parasitic infestations. However, their occurrence in the chicken air sacs and mesenteric adipose tissue has not yet been identified. Here we investigated the occurrence and distribution of FALCs in the air sacs (cervical, clavicular, thoracic, and abdominal) and mesenteric adipose tissue of healthy chicken. The latter air sacs and mesentery were immediately harvested after anesthesia and cutting the chicken heads then fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde fixative solution for histopathological examination. The degree of FALCs development among different specimens was measured and statistically analyzed. Our results revealed lymphoid clusters associating with the adipose tissues in mesentery, and air sacs (clavicular, thoracic, and abdominal), but not the cervical one. Interestingly, the thoracic air sacs showed significant higher FALCs size in comparison to that of other air sac types and the mesentery. Our findings suggested other possible immunological role of the air sacs and mesentery that could have impact on the progression of air sacculitis and mesenteritis- associate diseases. However, further investigations are required for clarification of air sacs and mesenteric FALCs in the progressions of respiratory and digestive tract diseases.","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44498968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saydat Saad, Doaa M. Abdelfatah, Aya M. El-Sobky, Tarek Khamis
Chronic liver disorders are a serious global health issue due to their widespread incidence. Nephropathy described the deterioration of kidney function. Safe drug delivery by nanoparticles is a rapidly developing field with promising applications in the treatment of a wide variety of diseases. The current study aimed to evaluate the use of propolis nanoparticles for managing carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepato-nephropathy on rats. Seventy adult males Spargue Dawley rats were allocated into 7 equal groups 10 rats of each. Control, CCl4, CCl4 +Silymarin, CCl4 + propolis, CCl4+Nanopropolis, CCl4 +Silymarin +Propolis, CCl4 +Silymarin +Nanopropolis. Hepato- nephropathy was induced with oral administration of CCl4 dissolved in olive oil at dose of (1gm/kg) for 4 weeks. Silymarin, propolis and nanopropolis were orally administrated at a dose of (200mg /kg), (100 mg/kg) and (30 mg /kg) respectively for 4 weeks post hepato-nephropathy onset. Biochemical, molecular analysis, histological assessment of liver and kidney and serum oxidative stress were done. CCl4 caused a marked deterioration in biochemical, oxidative stress markers (MDA, TAC, CAT), serum TNF-α, IgM, molecular markers (SMAD-2, SMAD-3, SMAD-7, MMP-9, Desmin, TGF-β1, and let-7b), and the histopathological pictures of both liver and kidney. The above-mentioned parameters were restored with administration of silymarim + Nano-propolis, silymarin + propolis, silymarin, Nano-propolis, and propolis in order. Based on the previous findings we could speculated that combined therapy of nano-propolis and silymarin could be implicated in managing hepato-nepheropathy since it improves both liver and kideny function by targeting let-7b/TGF-β/Smad Pathway.
{"title":"PROPOLIS LOADED POLYVINYL ALCOHOL ATTENUATES CCL4 INDUCED HEPATIC FIBROSIS VIA MODULATION OF LET-7B/TGF-Β/SMAD SIGNALING PATHWAY","authors":"Saydat Saad, Doaa M. Abdelfatah, Aya M. El-Sobky, Tarek Khamis","doi":"10.26873/svr-1568-2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-1568-2022","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic liver disorders are a serious global health issue due to their widespread incidence. Nephropathy described the deterioration of kidney function. Safe drug delivery by nanoparticles is a rapidly developing field with promising applications in the treatment of a wide variety of diseases. The current study aimed to evaluate the use of propolis nanoparticles for managing carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepato-nephropathy on rats. Seventy adult males Spargue Dawley rats were allocated into 7 equal groups 10 rats of each. Control, CCl4, CCl4 +Silymarin, CCl4 + propolis, CCl4+Nanopropolis, CCl4 +Silymarin +Propolis, CCl4 +Silymarin +Nanopropolis. Hepato- nephropathy was induced with oral administration of CCl4 dissolved in olive oil at dose of (1gm/kg) for 4 weeks. Silymarin, propolis and nanopropolis were orally administrated at a dose of (200mg /kg), (100 mg/kg) and (30 mg /kg) respectively for 4 weeks post hepato-nephropathy onset. Biochemical, molecular analysis, histological assessment of liver and kidney and serum oxidative stress were done. CCl4 caused a marked deterioration in biochemical, oxidative stress markers (MDA, TAC, CAT), serum TNF-α, IgM, molecular markers (SMAD-2, SMAD-3, SMAD-7, MMP-9, Desmin, TGF-β1, and let-7b), and the histopathological pictures of both liver and kidney. The above-mentioned parameters were restored with administration of silymarim + Nano-propolis, silymarin + propolis, silymarin, Nano-propolis, and propolis in order. Based on the previous findings we could speculated that combined therapy of nano-propolis and silymarin could be implicated in managing hepato-nepheropathy since it improves both liver and kideny function by targeting let-7b/TGF-β/Smad Pathway.","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48981027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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