The article shows the role of names in the reconstruction of the linguacultural view of mushrooms. The large number of the names of mushrooms testifies to the practical importance of mushrooms for country people. Many of the names are polysemic and synonymic. In the analysis, the onomasiological basis of mushroom names plays a crucial role. Those names can be based on the appearance of mushrooms (e.g. lejek ‘funnel’, czerwieniak ‘the red one’), their properties (twardziok ‘the hard one’, słodzianka ‘the sweet one’), including their (in)edibility and poisonous properties (grzyb godzący ‘the edible mushroom’, truciciel ‘poisoner’, grzyb jadowity ‘the poisionous mushroom’), as well as the time and place where they grow (wrześniak ‘September mushroom’, dębowiec ‘oak mushroom’).
本文论述了名称在蘑菇语言文化观重建中的作用。蘑菇的大量名称证明了蘑菇对农村人民的实际重要性。许多名字是多义词和同义词。在分析中，蘑菇名称的象声学基础起着至关重要的作用。这些名称可以基于蘑菇的外观(例如lejek ' funnel '， czerwieniak ' red ')，它们的特性(twardziok ' hard '， słodzianka ' sweet ')，包括它们的可食性和毒性(grzyb godzący '食性蘑菇'，truciciel '投毒者'，grzyb jadowity '有毒蘑菇')，以及它们生长的时间和地点(wrześniak ' September mushroom '， dębowiec ' oak mushroom ')。
{"title":"The role of names in the reconstruction of the linguacultural worldview of mushrooms","authors":"Agata Bielak","doi":"10.17951/et.2021.33.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/et.2021.33.151","url":null,"abstract":"The article shows the role of names in the reconstruction of the linguacultural view of mushrooms. The large number of the names of mushrooms testifies to the practical importance of mushrooms for country people. Many of the names are polysemic and synonymic. In the analysis, the onomasiological basis of mushroom names plays a crucial role. Those names can be based on the appearance of mushrooms (e.g. lejek ‘funnel’, czerwieniak ‘the red one’), their properties (twardziok ‘the hard one’, słodzianka ‘the sweet one’), including their (in)edibility and poisonous properties (grzyb godzący ‘the edible mushroom’, truciciel ‘poisoner’, grzyb jadowity ‘the poisionous mushroom’), as well as the time and place where they grow (wrześniak ‘September mushroom’, dębowiec ‘oak mushroom’).","PeriodicalId":217804,"journal":{"name":"Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury","volume":"430 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113998538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study concerns the names of clothing, home furnishings, everyday objects, tools, and means of transport contained in the lexicon of the Bydgoszcz city dialect. This lexical stock includes the names of the outer garment (e.g. buks ‘trousers’), recreational clothes (badeje ‘swimming trunks’), headgear (e.g. lujmycka ‘hooligan’s cap’), footwear (e.g. kropusy ‘men’s shoes with high uppers’). Another area is the apartment; for example, the names of kitchen equipment have German origin (e.g. ausgust ‘kitchen sink’, kastrolka ‘saucepan’). This also concerns the names of three stools differing in height: the lowest one is called ryczka, a taller one is szemel, and the tallest is hoker. Texts in the Bydgoszcz city dialect also contain the names of artefacts necessary to perform everyday activities, such as cleaning (e.g. szruber ‘rice brush’) or laundry (e.g. balia ‘large wooden bath tub’). A separate place in the material culture of the inhabitants of Bydgoszcz is occupied by technological vocabulary, such as the names of tools (żaga ‘saw’) and transport (e.g. rolwaga ‘horse-drawn cart for transportation of goods’). Most of the names are Germanisms. A smaller number come from rural or folk dialects (e.g. modre ‘bleaching agent’, rydelek ‘visor of a cap’, szlory ‘old, trodden footwear’, trygiel ‘cast iron pot’). It is concluded that the city dialect is not only a museum or heritage park but also a treasury of old words.
{"title":"A heritage park or treasury? Material culture of the inhabitants of Bydgoszcz preserved in their urban dialect: Etymological analysis","authors":"Andrzej S. Dyszak","doi":"10.17951/et.2021.33.271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/et.2021.33.271","url":null,"abstract":"The study concerns the names of clothing, home furnishings, everyday objects, tools, and means of transport contained in the lexicon of the Bydgoszcz city dialect. This lexical stock includes the names of the outer garment (e.g. buks ‘trousers’), recreational clothes (badeje ‘swimming trunks’), headgear (e.g. lujmycka ‘hooligan’s cap’), footwear (e.g. kropusy ‘men’s shoes with high uppers’). Another area is the apartment; for example, the names of kitchen equipment have German origin (e.g. ausgust ‘kitchen sink’, kastrolka ‘saucepan’). This also concerns the names of three stools differing in height: the lowest one is called ryczka, a taller one is szemel, and the tallest is hoker. Texts in the Bydgoszcz city dialect also contain the names of artefacts necessary to perform everyday activities, such as cleaning (e.g. szruber ‘rice brush’) or laundry (e.g. balia ‘large wooden bath tub’). A separate place in the material culture of the inhabitants of Bydgoszcz is occupied by technological vocabulary, such as the names of tools (żaga ‘saw’) and transport (e.g. rolwaga ‘horse-drawn cart for transportation of goods’). Most of the names are Germanisms. A smaller number come from rural or folk dialects (e.g. modre ‘bleaching agent’, rydelek ‘visor of a cap’, szlory ‘old, trodden footwear’, trygiel ‘cast iron pot’). It is concluded that the city dialect is not only a museum or heritage park but also a treasury of old words.","PeriodicalId":217804,"journal":{"name":"Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116575628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Lithuanian literature, žeme ‘land, earth, ground’ is understood as a planet, as one of the four elements, as an element in opposition to water, or as solid ground. It differs from the sky and stands in opposition to it because the sky is good, while žeme is full of things that are unfriendly to people. Žeme is the world with life going on; buildings stand on its surface, people sit, stand or lie on it, etc. It is the most valuable property that can be sold, given, leased, or left as inheritance. People are interested not only in what is going on its surface but also in the layer that is cultivated (soil). People want this layer to grow flowers, trees and grass for them. They find various things in this layer and think that land can hide a lot from them. Žeme is the mother that provides life and shelter after death. It takes care of people, feeds them and talks to them. It also serves as a reference frame on the basis of which people evaluate large and small things or things hanging above it. Žeme can refer to a specific state or a nation that lives in own land, as well as to a person’s native home and lives of their ancestors. Žeme is alive as much as humans are: it has a face, parts of the body and internal organs, it experiences human emotions and has divine powers. Žeme can be of various colours: from the traditional colour of fertile soil, i.e., black, to subtle shades, such as yellowish brown or blue. It is also characterised through most unusual words, such as “sinful”, “juicy”, “slim”, “like caviar” and others. The smell of žeme is also exceptional: it is wet and sour. It smells of oats, barley, summer home – the smell fills people’s hearts with joy, evokes memories and longing.
{"title":"Žeme ‘land, ground, earth’ in Lithuanian literature","authors":"Marius Smetona","doi":"10.17951/et.2021.33.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/et.2021.33.81","url":null,"abstract":"In Lithuanian literature, žeme ‘land, earth, ground’ is understood as a planet, as one of the four elements, as an element in opposition to water, or as solid ground. It differs from the sky and stands in opposition to it because the sky is good, while žeme is full of things that are unfriendly to people. Žeme is the world with life going on; buildings stand on its surface, people sit, stand or lie on it, etc. It is the most valuable property that can be sold, given, leased, or left as inheritance. People are interested not only in what is going on its surface but also in the layer that is cultivated (soil). People want this layer to grow flowers, trees and grass for them. They find various things in this layer and think that land can hide a lot from them. Žeme is the mother that provides life and shelter after death. It takes care of people, feeds them and talks to them. It also serves as a reference frame on the basis of which people evaluate large and small things or things hanging above it. Žeme can refer to a specific state or a nation that lives in own land, as well as to a person’s native home and lives of their ancestors. Žeme is alive as much as humans are: it has a face, parts of the body and internal organs, it experiences human emotions and has divine powers. Žeme can be of various colours: from the traditional colour of fertile soil, i.e., black, to subtle shades, such as yellowish brown or blue. It is also characterised through most unusual words, such as “sinful”, “juicy”, “slim”, “like caviar” and others. The smell of žeme is also exceptional: it is wet and sour. It smells of oats, barley, summer home – the smell fills people’s hearts with joy, evokes memories and longing.","PeriodicalId":217804,"journal":{"name":"Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129005757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The Japanese noun tsumori is used as the so-called formal noun and the head of syntactic nominalization. Its main meaning of ‘aim, intention’ is expressed through the basic sentence pattern of (suru) tsumori da. The modal meanings of this noun reveal close connections with the pragmatics of linguistic politeness and manifestation of attitudes in interpersonal communication. The article deals with the main sentential patterns and functions from the comparative perspective.
{"title":"Grammaticalization of modality in natural languages: The case of the noun tsumori in Japanese","authors":"Jarosław Andrzej Pietrow","doi":"10.17951/et.2021.33.255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/et.2021.33.255","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Japanese noun tsumori is used as the so-called formal noun and the head of syntactic nominalization. Its main meaning of ‘aim, intention’ is expressed through the basic sentence pattern of (suru) tsumori da. The modal meanings of this noun reveal close connections with the pragmatics of linguistic politeness and manifestation of attitudes in interpersonal communication. The article deals with the main sentential patterns and functions from the comparative perspective.","PeriodicalId":217804,"journal":{"name":"Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123680201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article consists of two parts. The first, methodological part presents the goal of cognitive-anthropological research in opposition to structural semantics and describes successive steps that lead to that goal. The second part contains commentary on the Axiological Lexicon of Slavs and their Neighbours, especially volume 5, devoted to honour. The aim of semantic-structural research is to reconstruct the semantic-lexical system of a language (as code) serving interpersonal communication – in other words, it is to reconstruct the information that one may obtain through the use of the code. The aim of cognitive-anthropological semantics is to reconstruct the conceptualization of linguistically salient fragments of reality.
{"title":"Methodological basis of cognitive-anthropological semantics. The case of the Axiological Lexicon of Slavs and their Neighbours (vols. 1-5, 2015-2019)","authors":"R. Grzegorczykowa","doi":"10.17951/et.2021.33.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/et.2021.33.9","url":null,"abstract":"The article consists of two parts. The first, methodological part presents the goal of cognitive-anthropological research in opposition to structural semantics and describes successive steps that lead to that goal. The second part contains commentary on the Axiological Lexicon of Slavs and their Neighbours, especially volume 5, devoted to honour. The aim of semantic-structural research is to reconstruct the semantic-lexical system of a language (as code) serving interpersonal communication – in other words, it is to reconstruct the information that one may obtain through the use of the code. The aim of cognitive-anthropological semantics is to reconstruct the conceptualization of linguistically salient fragments of reality.","PeriodicalId":217804,"journal":{"name":"Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130166974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article makes an attempt to characterise the act of eating as a communicative event and a cultural text: the analysis is based on the model of communication, theory of information and the general theory of signs. The main objective of the analysis is focused on reconstruction of the linguistic and cultural picture of eating in communication. In the description of the data, references are made to selected research methods and tools of linguistic semantics, particularly in its cultural variant. The data under consideration were initially limited to Polish linguaculture but in the course of analysis examples from other cultures were incorporated. While constructing a communicative model of eating, a basic distinction is made between the performer of an action (the eater) and the object of this action (the food). The analysis of the data reveals that apart from the verbally expressed information about who eats, what they eat, and how they do it. Another significant role in coding meaning is played by the accompanying non-verbal communication (eating-related sounds or the eater’s body language), as well as conventional signals replacing verbal formulas (communication through an arrangement of the cutlery, the dish itself or a specific manner of consumption).
{"title":"Food in the communicative perspective: linguacultural approach","authors":"Agnieszka Maria Gasz","doi":"10.17951/et.2021.33.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/et.2021.33.117","url":null,"abstract":"The article makes an attempt to characterise the act of eating as a communicative event and a cultural text: the analysis is based on the model of communication, theory of information and the general theory of signs. The main objective of the analysis is focused on reconstruction of the linguistic and cultural picture of eating in communication. In the description of the data, references are made to selected research methods and tools of linguistic semantics, particularly in its cultural variant. The data under consideration were initially limited to Polish linguaculture but in the course of analysis examples from other cultures were incorporated. While constructing a communicative model of eating, a basic distinction is made between the performer of an action (the eater) and the object of this action (the food). The analysis of the data reveals that apart from the verbally expressed information about who eats, what they eat, and how they do it. Another significant role in coding meaning is played by the accompanying non-verbal communication (eating-related sounds or the eater’s body language), as well as conventional signals replacing verbal formulas (communication through an arrangement of the cutlery, the dish itself or a specific manner of consumption).","PeriodicalId":217804,"journal":{"name":"Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116077130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article deals with the Polish concept of bieda (poverty) from the perspective of etymology and historical linguistics. A diachronic analysis provides access to the evolution of the concept. The article references the major findings relating to the role of etymology in semantic research, especially in reconstructing the linguistic view of concepts within the framework of cognitive ethnolinguistics. The analytical part deals with data from etymological dictionaries, earlier stages in the history of Polish, and rural dialects. The analysis itself is concerned with two forms of the lexeme on hand: bieda ‘poverty, misery, misfortune’ and biada ‘woe’, which have undergone sibstitution. The semantic development of the concept progressed in three stages and involved the following senses: (1) ‘compulsion, necessity’; (2) ‘misfortune, misery, suffering’; and (3) ‘poverty’. The material-cum-immaterial nature of bieda reflects its etymological meaning and historical development, in which the subsequent senses did not give way to still others but incorporated them. The semantic development of bieda shows that the structure of the concept embraces two aspects: material and psycho-social. The semantic components that one can identify in the complex structure of that concept include above all: a material want and the need that accompanies that want; misfortune, hardship, and trouble; strife; danger of punishment; low value, quality, or number of something; low value of someone; that which is ominous or dangerous. Bieda can easily extend its meaning metaphorically, which is most clearly visible in dialects. As a euphemism, it helps avoid words subjected to linguistic taboo.
{"title":"The Polish bieda (poverty) from the perspective of etymology and historical linguistics","authors":"Ilona Gumowska-Grochot","doi":"10.17951/ET.2020.32.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/ET.2020.32.51","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the Polish concept of bieda (poverty) from the perspective of etymology and historical linguistics. A diachronic analysis provides access to the evolution of the concept. The article references the major findings relating to the role of etymology in semantic research, especially in reconstructing the linguistic view of concepts within the framework of cognitive ethnolinguistics. The analytical part deals with data from etymological dictionaries, earlier stages in the history of Polish, and rural dialects. The analysis itself is concerned with two forms of the lexeme on hand: bieda ‘poverty, misery, misfortune’ and biada ‘woe’, which have undergone sibstitution. The semantic development of the concept progressed in three stages and involved the following senses: (1) ‘compulsion, necessity’; (2) ‘misfortune, misery, suffering’; and (3) ‘poverty’. The material-cum-immaterial nature of bieda reflects its etymological meaning and historical development, in which the subsequent senses did not give way to still others but incorporated them. The semantic development of bieda shows that the structure of the concept embraces two aspects: material and psycho-social. The semantic components that one can identify in the complex structure of that concept include above all: a material want and the need that accompanies that want; misfortune, hardship, and trouble; strife; danger of punishment; low value, quality, or number of something; low value of someone; that which is ominous or dangerous. Bieda can easily extend its meaning metaphorically, which is most clearly visible in dialects. As a euphemism, it helps avoid words subjected to linguistic taboo.","PeriodicalId":217804,"journal":{"name":"Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117146840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Pazio-Wlazłowska, Ivana Lazic-Konjik, S. Ristic
The artricle compares the concept of home/house in Polish, Serbian, and Russian. It is a continuation of research carried out by the authors within the EUROJOS project and the volume on home/house of the Axiological Lexicon of Slavs and their Neighbours. The analysis aims to identify the common conceptual base, as well as the culture-specific aspects that distinguish each of the languacultures under scrutiny. The relevant cultural concepts in the three languacultures share a common base image but are distinguished through their culture-specific characteristics. That base is universal: rather than being limited to the Slavic context, it can be found in other languages, sometimes very distant ones. In Polish, Serbian, and Russian, home is above all viewed as a non-material, social, and functional value, as a community of people that share it, one that provides the sense of security and unconditional acceptance. Common features are also found in the network of relationships triggered by each cultural concept in question, such as the notion of family. The culture-specific content, in turn, derives from different historical and cultural conditions: those contribute to the peculiarities of the Polish patriotic manor, the Serbian Kosovo, or the Russian communal apartments. These specific cultural concepts reflect changes in the culture, mentality, and worldview in each languaculture.
{"title":"What do we have in common; what makes us different? The stereotype of home/house in Polish, Serbian, and Russian","authors":"D. Pazio-Wlazłowska, Ivana Lazic-Konjik, S. Ristic","doi":"10.17951/ET.2020.32.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/ET.2020.32.67","url":null,"abstract":"The artricle compares the concept of home/house in Polish, Serbian, and Russian. It is a continuation of research carried out by the authors within the EUROJOS project and the volume on home/house of the Axiological Lexicon of Slavs and their Neighbours. The analysis aims to identify the common conceptual base, as well as the culture-specific aspects that distinguish each of the languacultures under scrutiny. The relevant cultural concepts in the three languacultures share a common base image but are distinguished through their culture-specific characteristics. That base is universal: rather than being limited to the Slavic context, it can be found in other languages, sometimes very distant ones. In Polish, Serbian, and Russian, home is above all viewed as a non-material, social, and functional value, as a community of people that share it, one that provides the sense of security and unconditional acceptance. Common features are also found in the network of relationships triggered by each cultural concept in question, such as the notion of family. The culture-specific content, in turn, derives from different historical and cultural conditions: those contribute to the peculiarities of the Polish patriotic manor, the Serbian Kosovo, or the Russian communal apartments. These specific cultural concepts reflect changes in the culture, mentality, and worldview in each languaculture.","PeriodicalId":217804,"journal":{"name":"Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129453800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The cultural concepts of Wschód (East) and Zachód (West) are products of contemporary, modern Polish languaculture, one that significantly shapes contemporary social and political discourses. A reconstruction of the cognitive definitions of these concepts, along with their profiles, can thus lead to a better understanding of the two kinds of discourse. In accordance with the principles of the cognitive definition, couched within the framework of the Lublin Ethnolinguistic School, the analysis is based on data from dictionaries, texts, and questionnaires. Four major dictionaries of Polish have been surveyed, as well as questionnaires conducted for the 1990 and 2000 editions of the Axiological Lexicon, along with a random selection of texts from the National Corpus of Polish, from internet editions of the press, from belles-lettres, and essays. After a detailed analysis of the systemic data, facet-based cognitive definitions of the two cultural concepts are constructed. For the concept of Wschód (East), the facets include location, economy, reasons for going East and returning, the role of East for Poland, the characteristics of its inhabitants and of the East as space. In the case of Zachód (West), instead of inhabitants and space, the relevant facet is that of values. The last part of the article prosents the profiles of these concepts, which correlate with ideological orientations in the press and in politics: the liberal profile (the West is good, it is associated with personal freedom, human rights, democracy and the rule of law; the East is negative, it ignores the rule of law and standards of liberal democracy); the right-wing profile (the East is evaluated similarly to the liberal profile, whereas the West is portrayed as Poland’s “moral debtor”); the Catholic-national profile (the East is a threat, the West is characterised by materialism and a degradation of values); the everyday-living profile (the West is wealthy, the East is poor).
{"title":"The linguistic view of East and West in contemporary Polish","authors":"Piotr Mirocha","doi":"10.17951/ET.2020.32.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/ET.2020.32.109","url":null,"abstract":"The cultural concepts of Wschód (East) and Zachód (West) are products of contemporary, modern Polish languaculture, one that significantly shapes contemporary social and political discourses. A reconstruction of the cognitive definitions of these concepts, along with their profiles, can thus lead to a better understanding of the two kinds of discourse. In accordance with the principles of the cognitive definition, couched within the framework of the Lublin Ethnolinguistic School, the analysis is based on data from dictionaries, texts, and questionnaires. Four major dictionaries of Polish have been surveyed, as well as questionnaires conducted for the 1990 and 2000 editions of the Axiological Lexicon, along with a random selection of texts from the National Corpus of Polish, from internet editions of the press, from belles-lettres, and essays. After a detailed analysis of the systemic data, facet-based cognitive definitions of the two cultural concepts are constructed. For the concept of Wschód (East), the facets include location, economy, reasons for going East and returning, the role of East for Poland, the characteristics of its inhabitants and of the East as space. In the case of Zachód (West), instead of inhabitants and space, the relevant facet is that of values. The last part of the article prosents the profiles of these concepts, which correlate with ideological orientations in the press and in politics: the liberal profile (the West is good, it is associated with personal freedom, human rights, democracy and the rule of law; the East is negative, it ignores the rule of law and standards of liberal democracy); the right-wing profile (the East is evaluated similarly to the liberal profile, whereas the West is portrayed as Poland’s “moral debtor”); the Catholic-national profile (the East is a threat, the West is characterised by materialism and a degradation of values); the everyday-living profile (the West is wealthy, the East is poor).","PeriodicalId":217804,"journal":{"name":"Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127541057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The folkloristic aspect of contemporary colloquial narratives","authors":"J. Hajduk-Nijakowska","doi":"10.17951/ET.2020.32.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17951/ET.2020.32.129","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":217804,"journal":{"name":"Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133600928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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