Ian R. Trees, Abhisek Saha, Diane L. Putnick, Priscilla K. Clayton, Pauline Mendola, Rajeshwari Sundaram, Edwina H. Yeung
Background
Previous research observed links between prenatal air pollution and risk of childhood obesity but the timing of the exposure is understudied. Aim: We examined prenatal particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5) exposure and child anthropometry.
Materials & Methods
Children's body mass index z-scores (zBMI) at 0–3 (N = 4370) and 7–9 (n = 1191) years were derived from reported anthropometry at paediatric visits. We ran linear mixed models for six windows, adjusting for maternal, child, and neighbourhood factors.
Results
PM10 exposure across pregnancy and at multiple windows was associated with higher zBMI in both early and middle childhood. For instance, one interquartile range increase in PM10 exposure during the first 2 weeks of pregnancy was associated with higher zBMI at 0–3 (0.05, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.10) and 7–9 (0.14, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.23). PM2.5 exposure during the final 2 weeks of gestation was associated with higher zBMI at 7–9 years (B: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.22).
Conclusion
Even at low levels of air pollution, prenatal PM10 exposure was associated with higher zBMI in childhood.
{"title":"Prenatal exposure to particulates and anthropometry through 9 years of age in a birth cohort","authors":"Ian R. Trees, Abhisek Saha, Diane L. Putnick, Priscilla K. Clayton, Pauline Mendola, Rajeshwari Sundaram, Edwina H. Yeung","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13202","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13202","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous research observed links between prenatal air pollution and risk of childhood obesity but the timing of the exposure is understudied. Aim: We examined prenatal particulate matter (PM<sub>10</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub>) exposure and child anthropometry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials & Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children's body mass index <i>z</i>-scores (zBMI) at 0–3 (<i>N</i> = 4370) and 7–9 (<i>n</i> = 1191) years were derived from reported anthropometry at paediatric visits. We ran linear mixed models for six windows, adjusting for maternal, child, and neighbourhood factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PM<sub>10</sub> exposure across pregnancy and at multiple windows was associated with higher zBMI in both early and middle childhood. For instance, one interquartile range increase in PM<sub>10</sub> exposure during the first 2 weeks of pregnancy was associated with higher zBMI at 0–3 (0.05, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.10) and 7–9 (0.14, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.23). PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure during the final 2 weeks of gestation was associated with higher zBMI at 7–9 years (B: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.22).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Even at low levels of air pollution, prenatal PM<sub>10</sub> exposure was associated with higher zBMI in childhood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142941922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kristina L. Tatum, Katlyn Garr, Elizabeth L. Adams, Laura J. Caccavale, Edmond P. Wickham III, Jessica Gokee LaRose, Suzanne E. Mazzeo, Hollie A. Raynor, Melanie K. Bean
Objective
To examine associations between parent and adolescent weight change within two parent approaches to adolescent obesity treatment.
Methods
Adolescent (Mage = 13.7 ± 1.2 years; MBMI = 34.9 ± 7.0 kg/m2) and parent (MBMI = 36.4 ± 7.3 kg/m2) dyads (N = 82) were randomized to TEENS+Parents as Coaches (PAC) or TEENS+parent weight loss (PWL). Anthropometrics were assessed at baseline (0-month), 4 months (post) and 7 months (after 3-month maintenance period). Regression analyses examined associations between parent and adolescent ΔBMI0-4m and ΔBMI4-7m, with parent group as a moderator.
Results
Post-treatment, parent and adolescent ∆BMI0-4m were positively related (β = 0.68, p < 0.001), with no group interaction. Parent and adolescent ΔBMI4-7m were related (β = 0.48, p = 0.012) during maintenance, moderated by parent group (β = −0.49, p = 0.010): positive relationships persisted in PAC (β = 0.39, p = 0.011), but not PWL (β = −0.19, p = 0.211).
Discussion
Parent and adolescent weight changes were positively related during treatment in both parent groups. During maintenance, weight change associations persisted only in PAC. These patterns prompt further exploration of parent factors driving weight change relationships.
目的：探讨两种父母治疗青少年肥胖的方法中父母与青少年体重变化之间的关系。方法：青少年(年龄= 13.7±1.2岁；MBMI = 34.9±7.0 kg/m2)和父母（MBMI = 36.4±7.3 kg/m2）二组（N = 82）随机分为青少年+父母作为教练组（PAC）和青少年+父母减肥组（PWL）。在基线（0个月）、4个月（术后）和7个月（3个月维持期后）对人体测量进行评估。回归分析检验了父母与青少年ΔBMI0-4m和ΔBMI4-7m之间的关系，父母组是一个调节因素。结果：治疗后维持期间，父母与青少年的∆BMI0-4m呈正相关（β = 0.68, p = 0.48, p = 0.012），受父母组的调节（β = -0.49, p = 0.010）； PAC持续呈正相关（β = 0.39, p = 0.011）， PWL无显著正相关（β = -0.19, p = 0.211）。讨论：在治疗期间，父母和青少年体重变化呈正相关。在维持期间，体重变化关联仅在PAC中持续存在。这些模式促使进一步探索驱动体重变化关系的母体因素。
{"title":"Associations between parent and adolescent weight outcomes within two parent approaches to family-based adolescent obesity treatment: Secondary analyses from the TEENS+ pilot trial","authors":"Kristina L. Tatum, Katlyn Garr, Elizabeth L. Adams, Laura J. Caccavale, Edmond P. Wickham III, Jessica Gokee LaRose, Suzanne E. Mazzeo, Hollie A. Raynor, Melanie K. Bean","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13198","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13198","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine associations between parent and adolescent weight change within two parent approaches to adolescent obesity treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescent (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 13.7 ± 1.2 years; <i>M</i><sub>BMI</sub> = 34.9 ± 7.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) and parent (<i>M</i><sub>BMI</sub> = 36.4 ± 7.3 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) dyads (<i>N</i> = 82) were randomized to TEENS+Parents as Coaches (PAC) or TEENS+parent weight loss (PWL). Anthropometrics were assessed at baseline (0-month), 4 months (post) and 7 months (after 3-month maintenance period). Regression analyses examined associations between parent and adolescent ΔBMI<sub>0-4m</sub> and ΔBMI<sub>4-7m</sub>, with parent group as a moderator.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Post-treatment, parent and adolescent ∆BMI<sub>0-4m</sub> were positively related (<i>β</i> = 0.68, <i>p</i> < 0.001), with no group interaction. Parent and adolescent ΔBMI<sub>4-7m</sub> were related (<i>β</i> = 0.48, <i>p</i> = 0.012) during maintenance, moderated by parent group (<i>β</i> = −0.49, <i>p</i> = 0.010): positive relationships persisted in PAC (<i>β</i> = 0.39, <i>p</i> = 0.011), but not PWL (<i>β</i> = −0.19, <i>p</i> = 0.211).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parent and adolescent weight changes were positively related during treatment in both parent groups. During maintenance, weight change associations persisted only in PAC. These patterns prompt further exploration of parent factors driving weight change relationships.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13198","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142941918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Famke J. M. Mölenberg, Michel S. Smit, Daan Nieboer, Trudy Voortman, Wilma Jansen
Background
This study investigated the long-term impact of the primary school-based multicomponent lifestyle intervention “Lekker Fit!” (LF) on obesity-related outcomes, and studied whether the impact differed between population subgroups.
Methods
Children from the Generation R Study (Rotterdam, the Netherlands) were categorized into the LF group (6 years exposure, between the ages 6/7 to 12/13 years) or regular school group (no exposure). BMI and DXA-derived fat mass were assessed after 4 years of intervention (age 10 years), and 1.5 years post-intervention (age 14 years). A propensity score matching model was fitted to examine the intervention effect on BMI-z-score and percent fat mass, and we tested for differences by sex, pre-intervention weight status, ethnic background, and income.
Results
We found no effect on BMI-z-score [0.06 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.04 to 0.17)] and percent fat mass (0.4%-point [95% CI: −0.2 to 1.1]) after 4 years of intervention. 1.5 years post-intervention and after 6 years of exposure, BMI-z-score (0.11 [95% CI: 0.00–0.22]) and percent fat mass (1.1%-point [95% CI: 0.2–1.9]) were significantly higher for children in the LF group. No subgroup differences were found.
Conclusion
Findings suggest the need for obesity prevention programs that extend beyond primary education.
{"title":"The long-term effects of a school-based intervention on preventing childhood overweight: Propensity score matching analysis within the Generation R Study cohort","authors":"Famke J. M. Mölenberg, Michel S. Smit, Daan Nieboer, Trudy Voortman, Wilma Jansen","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.13200","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the long-term impact of the primary school-based multicomponent lifestyle intervention “Lekker Fit!” (LF) on obesity-related outcomes, and studied whether the impact differed between population subgroups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children from the Generation R Study (Rotterdam, the Netherlands) were categorized into the LF group (6 years exposure, between the ages 6/7 to 12/13 years) or regular school group (no exposure). BMI and DXA-derived fat mass were assessed after 4 years of intervention (age 10 years), and 1.5 years post-intervention (age 14 years). A propensity score matching model was fitted to examine the intervention effect on BMI-z-score and percent fat mass, and we tested for differences by sex, pre-intervention weight status, ethnic background, and income.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found no effect on BMI-z-score [0.06 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.04 to 0.17)] and percent fat mass (0.4%-point [95% CI: −0.2 to 1.1]) after 4 years of intervention. 1.5 years post-intervention and after 6 years of exposure, BMI-z-score (0.11 [95% CI: 0.00–0.22]) and percent fat mass (1.1%-point [95% CI: 0.2–1.9]) were significantly higher for children in the LF group. No subgroup differences were found.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings suggest the need for obesity prevention programs that extend beyond primary education.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13200","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Peled, Einat Kodesh, Merav Zucker-Toledano, R. Bar-Yoseph, S. Borik-Chiger, Gur Mainzer
Background
Peak oxygen uptake (VO2) is considered the most important indicator of aerobic exercise capacity during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). However, its accuracy is compromised when maximal effort is not achieved. In such cases, submaximal parameters can serve as surrogates for assessing exercise performance.
Objectives
To compare the differences in maximal and submaximal exercise parameters between children with obesity and normal weight.
Methods
A prospective study evaluating CPET using a treadmill completed by children with and without obesity.
Results
A total of 153 children (50.9% females) were divided into two groups: obese (n = 87) and non-obese (n = 66). Children with obesity achieved lower exercise capacity (peakVO2 of 68% ± 16% vs. 89% ± 15%; p < 0.0001) with fewer achieving maximal effort (26.4% vs. 78.7%, respectively). VO2-derived submaximal parameters showed a significantly lower oxygen uptake efficiency slope per body weight (OUES/kg) (30.5 ± 6.1 vs. 39.0 ± 9.5; p < 0.0001) and lower VO2 at ventilatory threshold (VO2@AT) (21.2 ± 4.6 vs. 26.4 ± 5.3, p = 0.0001) in the obese group, with no significant differences in the CO2-derived parameters.
Conclusions
Maximal exercise data in children with obesity is frequently unavailable due to failure to achieve maximal effort. Submaximal parameters, such as OUES and VO2@AT, may be useful substitute options for assessing the health and functional level of this population.
{"title":"The use of submaximal parameters in the assessment of exercise capacity in children with obesity","authors":"K. Peled, Einat Kodesh, Merav Zucker-Toledano, R. Bar-Yoseph, S. Borik-Chiger, Gur Mainzer","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.13201","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Peak oxygen uptake (VO<sub>2</sub>) is considered the most important indicator of aerobic exercise capacity during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). However, its accuracy is compromised when maximal effort is not achieved. In such cases, submaximal parameters can serve as surrogates for assessing exercise performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare the differences in maximal and submaximal exercise parameters between children with obesity and normal weight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A prospective study evaluating CPET using a treadmill completed by children with and without obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 153 children (50.9% females) were divided into two groups: obese (<i>n</i> = 87) and non-obese (<i>n</i> = 66). Children with obesity achieved lower exercise capacity (peakVO<sub>2</sub> of 68% ± 16% vs. 89% ± 15%; <i>p</i> < 0.0001) with fewer achieving maximal effort (26.4% vs. 78.7%, respectively). VO<sub>2</sub>-derived submaximal parameters showed a significantly lower oxygen uptake efficiency slope per body weight (OUES/kg) (30.5 ± 6.1 vs. 39.0 ± 9.5; <i>p</i> < 0.0001) and lower VO<sub>2</sub> at ventilatory threshold (VO<sub>2</sub>@AT) (21.2 ± 4.6 vs. 26.4 ± 5.3, <i>p</i> = 0.0001) in the obese group, with no significant differences in the CO<sub>2</sub>-derived parameters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Maximal exercise data in children with obesity is frequently unavailable due to failure to achieve maximal effort. Submaximal parameters, such as OUES and VO<sub>2</sub>@AT, may be useful substitute options for assessing the health and functional level of this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Thivel, G. Ennequin, J. Siroux, A. Couret, D. Beraud, B. Pereira, M. Duclos, S. Lazzer, Y. Boirie, L. Isacco
Introduction
This work aims at evaluating the adaptations of the energy cost of walking (Cw) to simulated weight gain at different walking speeds in adolescents with obesity.
Methods
Substrate use and Cw were evaluated during a graded walking exercise (4 × 5min at 0.75, 1, 1.25, 1.5 m.s−1) performed under three randomized body weight conditions (BW-conditions): (i) at the adolescents' body weight (BW + 0%) or with a simulated weight gain of (ii) 5%(BW + 5%) and (iii) 10%(BW + 10%), in 18 adolescents with obesity (14.2 ± 1.4 years, BMI:33.86 ± 2.55 kg.m-2). Body composition was assessed by absorptiometry and perceived exertion rated after every walking speed stage.
Results
EE in absolute or relative to BW and FFM was different between BW-conditions (p = 0.017, 0.006 and 0.007, respectively) being lower on BW + 5% than BW + 10%. Gross Cw (absolute, relative to BW and fat-free mass) showed overall speed (p < 0.001) and BW-conditions effects, being lower on BW + 5% compared with BW + 10% (p < 0.001). Net Cw (absolute, relative to BW and fat-free mass) showed a significant speed effect (<0.001) but no BW-conditions nor interaction effect.
Conclusion
While EE and Cw have been shown to decrease in response to weight loss, potentially as a way to save stored energy and limit further weight loss, inverse adaptations do not seem to occur with increased acute simulated weight gain in weight stable adolescents with obesity.
{"title":"Acute simulated weight gain might not increase the energy cost of walking in adolescents with obesity","authors":"D. Thivel, G. Ennequin, J. Siroux, A. Couret, D. Beraud, B. Pereira, M. Duclos, S. Lazzer, Y. Boirie, L. Isacco","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13197","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13197","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This work aims at evaluating the adaptations of the energy cost of walking (Cw) to simulated weight gain at different walking speeds in adolescents with obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Substrate use and Cw were evaluated during a graded walking exercise (4 × 5min at 0.75, 1, 1.25, 1.5 m.s<sup>−1</sup>) performed under three randomized body weight conditions (BW-conditions): (i) at the adolescents' body weight (BW + 0%) or with a simulated weight gain of (ii) 5%(BW + 5%) and (iii) 10%(BW + 10%), in 18 adolescents with obesity (14.2 ± 1.4 years, BMI:33.86 ± 2.55 kg.m-<sup>2</sup>). Body composition was assessed by absorptiometry and perceived exertion rated after every walking speed stage.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EE in absolute or relative to BW and FFM was different between BW-conditions (<i>p</i> = 0.017, 0.006 and 0.007, respectively) being lower on BW + 5% than BW + 10%. Gross Cw (absolute, relative to BW and fat-free mass) showed overall speed (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and BW-conditions effects, being lower on BW + 5% compared with BW + 10% (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Net Cw (absolute, relative to BW and fat-free mass) showed a significant speed effect (<0.001) but no BW-conditions nor interaction effect.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While EE and Cw have been shown to decrease in response to weight loss, potentially as a way to save stored energy and limit further weight loss, inverse adaptations do not seem to occur with increased acute simulated weight gain in weight stable adolescents with obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142908756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leah M. Lessard, Rui Wu, Rebecca M. Puhl, Gary D. Foster, Michelle I. Cardel
Background
Weight-related conversations are common between adolescents and parents. However, there is limited understanding of how these conversations vary across sociodemographic groups, such as sex, sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, or parents' level of education. This study assessed the prevalence of weight-related communication among adolescents and parents across sociodemographic characteristics, and identified adolescents' preferred sources for these discussions.
Methods
Quantitative data were collected through online surveys from two independent U.S. samples: adolescents aged 10–17 years of age (N = 2032), and parents of children aged 10–17 years of age (N = 1936). Frequency and sources of weight-related communication were assessed. Sociodemographic factors were analysed for their associations with these communication patterns.
Results
While few differences emerged based on race/ethnicity or grade level, significant variation was observed for sex, sexual orientation, and parental education. Girls, sexual minority youth, high school students, and those with college-educated parents were more likely to communicate about their own weight, whereas boys were more likely to comment on others' weight. Most adolescents preferred healthcare professionals (71%) and parents (69%) for these conversations, although sexual minority youth preferred mental health professionals considerably more than parents. Among parents, 77% discussed their child's weight, with fathers and Latinx parents engaging more frequently in these conversations, and Black parents engaging least frequently.
Conclusion
Weight-related communication is prevalent among adolescents and parents, with variation across sociodemographic characteristics. As healthcare professionals and parents were identified as the preferred sources for weight-related communication by adolescents across sociodemographic groups, it is important that paediatricians and parents are equipped to engage in these conversations without imparting stigma.
{"title":"Adolescent experiences of weight-related communication: Sociodemographic differences and the role of parents","authors":"Leah M. Lessard, Rui Wu, Rebecca M. Puhl, Gary D. Foster, Michelle I. Cardel","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13196","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13196","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Weight-related conversations are common between adolescents and parents. However, there is limited understanding of how these conversations vary across sociodemographic groups, such as sex, sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, or parents' level of education. This study assessed the prevalence of weight-related communication among adolescents and parents across sociodemographic characteristics, and identified adolescents' preferred sources for these discussions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quantitative data were collected through online surveys from two independent U.S. samples: adolescents aged 10–17 years of age (<i>N</i> = 2032), and parents of children aged 10–17 years of age (<i>N</i> = 1936). Frequency and sources of weight-related communication were assessed. Sociodemographic factors were analysed for their associations with these communication patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While few differences emerged based on race/ethnicity or grade level, significant variation was observed for sex, sexual orientation, and parental education. Girls, sexual minority youth, high school students, and those with college-educated parents were more likely to communicate about their own weight, whereas boys were more likely to comment on others' weight. Most adolescents preferred healthcare professionals (71%) and parents (69%) for these conversations, although sexual minority youth preferred mental health professionals considerably more than parents. Among parents, 77% discussed their child's weight, with fathers and Latinx parents engaging more frequently in these conversations, and Black parents engaging least frequently.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Weight-related communication is prevalent among adolescents and parents, with variation across sociodemographic characteristics. As healthcare professionals and parents were identified as the preferred sources for weight-related communication by adolescents across sociodemographic groups, it is important that paediatricians and parents are equipped to engage in these conversations without imparting stigma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Claudia Strugnell, Cadeyrn J. Gaskin, Denise Becker, Liliana Orellana, Michelle Jackson, Monique Hillenaar, Jillian Whelan, Andrew D. Brown, Vicki Brown, Colin Bell, Josh Hayward, Lena D. Stephens, Hayley Jensen, Izzy Gribben, Lee Coller, Diana Tatlock, Elizabeth Lehman, Steven Allender
Background
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the Australian state of Victoria (in particular, its capital, Melbourne) experienced some of the longest lockdowns in the world.
Objective
This repeated cross-sectional study examined changes between March to June 2019 (pre-pandemic) and April to August 2022 (6 to 11 months following pandemic-related lockdowns) in overweight and obesity prevalence, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep, diet quality, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among primary school children in north-east Victoria, Australia.
Methods
Height and weight were measured for Grade 2, 4, and 6 students in 2019 (3889 children) and 2022 (1816 children). Grade 4 and 6 students self-reported on their movement behaviours, diet quality, and HRQoL.
Results
Participation declined among schools (2019:56%, 2022:34%) and students (2019:87%, 2022:75%). Compared to children in 2019, children in 2022 had a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity; were less likely to have met guidelines for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, recreational screen time, and vegetable consumption; had higher intakes of takeaway food, energy-dense nutrient-poor snacks, and sugar-sweetened beverages; and had lower HRQoL.
Conclusion
Children's health-related behaviours and outcomes seemed not to have returned to pre-pandemic levels 6 to 11 months after the final lockdowns lifted for their communities. Continued monitoring and interventions targeting the drivers of childhood obesity are urgently needed.
{"title":"COVID-19-related lockdowns and changes in overweight and obesity, movement behaviours, diet quality, and health-related quality of life among regional Australian primary school children: A repeat cross-sectional study","authors":"Claudia Strugnell, Cadeyrn J. Gaskin, Denise Becker, Liliana Orellana, Michelle Jackson, Monique Hillenaar, Jillian Whelan, Andrew D. Brown, Vicki Brown, Colin Bell, Josh Hayward, Lena D. Stephens, Hayley Jensen, Izzy Gribben, Lee Coller, Diana Tatlock, Elizabeth Lehman, Steven Allender","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13195","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13195","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the Australian state of Victoria (in particular, its capital, Melbourne) experienced some of the longest lockdowns in the world.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This repeated cross-sectional study examined changes between March to June 2019 (pre-pandemic) and April to August 2022 (6 to 11 months following pandemic-related lockdowns) in overweight and obesity prevalence, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep, diet quality, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among primary school children in north-east Victoria, Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Height and weight were measured for Grade 2, 4, and 6 students in 2019 (3889 children) and 2022 (1816 children). Grade 4 and 6 students self-reported on their movement behaviours, diet quality, and HRQoL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participation declined among schools (2019:56%, 2022:34%) and students (2019:87%, 2022:75%). Compared to children in 2019, children in 2022 had a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity; were less likely to have met guidelines for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, recreational screen time, and vegetable consumption; had higher intakes of takeaway food, energy-dense nutrient-poor snacks, and sugar-sweetened beverages; and had lower HRQoL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children's health-related behaviours and outcomes seemed not to have returned to pre-pandemic levels 6 to 11 months after the final lockdowns lifted for their communities. Continued monitoring and interventions targeting the drivers of childhood obesity are urgently needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11710946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brianna F. Moore, Noel T. Mueller, Wei Perng, Katherine A. Sauder, Emily T. Hébert, Adrienne T. Hoyt, Erica M. Wymore, Kristen E. Boyle, Emily J Su, Allison L. B. Shapiro, Gregory Kinney, Cristina Sempio, Jost Klawitter, Uwe Christians, Dana Dabelea
Background
Prenatal exposure to cannabis (or more specifically, delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol [Δ9-THC]) has been consistently linked to low birthweight. Animal models further show that Δ9-THC is associated with rapid postnatal growth. Whether this association is modified by breastfeeding is unknown.
Methods
In this exploratory study, we followed 128 mother–child pairs through 3 years. Urinary Δ9-THC and cannabidiol (CBD) were measured mid-gestation. Generalized linear models estimated the associations between Δ9-THC and neonatal body composition. A mixed-effects model estimated the association between Δ9-THC and body mass index (BMI) z-score trajectories. Interaction was assessed by a three-way product term (Δ9-THC × breastmilk months × age).
Results
Fifteen children (12%) had Δ9-THC exposure; three had concomitant CBD exposure. Prenatal exposure to Δ9-THC alone was associated with lower fat mass (−95 g, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −174, −14) and neonatal adiposity (−2.1%; 95% CI: −4.2, −0.4) followed by rapid postnatal growth (0.42 increase in BMI z-score per square root year; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.72). Breastfeeding modified this association (p = 0.04), such that growth was similar for those breastfed for 5 months whereas a shorter duration of breastfeeding was associated with 1.1 higher BMI z-score at 3 years (95% CI: 0.21, 2.05).
Conclusions
Our study suggests that prenatal exposure to Δ9-THC may alter early-life growth. Breastfeeding may stabilize rapid postnatal growth, but the impact of lactational exposure requires further investigation.
{"title":"Impact of prenatal exposure to delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol on birth size and postnatal growth trajectories","authors":"Brianna F. Moore, Noel T. Mueller, Wei Perng, Katherine A. Sauder, Emily T. Hébert, Adrienne T. Hoyt, Erica M. Wymore, Kristen E. Boyle, Emily J Su, Allison L. B. Shapiro, Gregory Kinney, Cristina Sempio, Jost Klawitter, Uwe Christians, Dana Dabelea","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13187","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13187","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prenatal exposure to cannabis (or more specifically, delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol [Δ9-THC]) has been consistently linked to low birthweight. Animal models further show that Δ9-THC is associated with rapid postnatal growth. Whether this association is modified by breastfeeding is unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this exploratory study, we followed 128 mother–child pairs through 3 years. Urinary Δ9-THC and cannabidiol (CBD) were measured mid-gestation. Generalized linear models estimated the associations between Δ9-THC and neonatal body composition. A mixed-effects model estimated the association between Δ9-THC and body mass index (BMI) <i>z</i>-score trajectories. Interaction was assessed by a three-way product term (Δ9-THC × breastmilk months × age).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifteen children (12%) had Δ9-THC exposure; three had concomitant CBD exposure. Prenatal exposure to Δ9-THC alone was associated with lower fat mass (−95 g, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −174, −14) and neonatal adiposity (−2.1%; 95% CI: −4.2, −0.4) followed by rapid postnatal growth (0.42 increase in BMI <i>z</i>-score per square root year; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.72). Breastfeeding modified this association (<i>p</i> = 0.04), such that growth was similar for those breastfed for 5 months whereas a shorter duration of breastfeeding was associated with 1.1 higher BMI <i>z</i>-score at 3 years (95% CI: 0.21, 2.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study suggests that prenatal exposure to Δ9-THC may alter early-life growth. Breastfeeding may stabilize rapid postnatal growth, but the impact of lactational exposure requires further investigation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11669837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alyssa M. Bartlett, Ali M. Boone, Jordan A. Bays, Youngsil Kim, Sirish K. Palle, Kevin R. Short
Background
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasingly common in the pediatric population and may increase risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) in people with MASLD. Oxidized high-density lipoprotein (oxHDL) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) are modified, pro-atherosclerotic lipoproteins that are increased in adults with MASLD and CVD but have not been reported in adolescents with MASLD.
Purpose
To determine if oxLDL and oxHDL are increased in adolescents with MASLD.
Methods
Fasting oxHDL and oxLDL were measured in adolescents (11–20 years) with obesity and biopsy-confirmed MASLD (n = 47), and peers without MASLD but with obesity (Ob; n = 28), or normal weight (NW; n = 29).
Results
oxHDL was 27% higher (p < 0.05) in the MASLD group (mean ± SD: 11.9 ± 4.7 ng/mL) compared to the Ob group (9.3 ± 3.7 ng/mL, p < 0.05) but only 7% higher than the NW group (11.1 ± 3.8 ng/mL, p > 0.05). However, HDL-C was 19% and 32% lower in the MASLD group than in the Ob and NW groups, respectively. Thus, oxHDL/HDL-C ratio was 55% and 66% higher in MASLD compared to the Ob group (p < 0.004) and the NW group (p < 0.001), respectively. oxLDL (52.4 ± 16.0, 46.7 ± 10.1 and 47.1 ± 15.2 U/L for MASLD, Ob and NW, respectively), LDL-C and the oxLDL/LDL-C ratio did not differ among groups.
Conclusions
The elevated oxHDL and oxHDL/HDL-C in adolescents with MASLD compared to peers with Ob or NW suggests that there is some oxidative stress in MASLD independent of obesity and potential for increased CVD risk in the future.
{"title":"Oxidized high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein in adolescents with obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","authors":"Alyssa M. Bartlett, Ali M. Boone, Jordan A. Bays, Youngsil Kim, Sirish K. Palle, Kevin R. Short","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13194","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13194","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasingly common in the pediatric population and may increase risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) in people with MASLD. Oxidized high-density lipoprotein (oxHDL) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) are modified, pro-atherosclerotic lipoproteins that are increased in adults with MASLD and CVD but have not been reported in adolescents with MASLD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine if oxLDL and oxHDL are increased in adolescents with MASLD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fasting oxHDL and oxLDL were measured in adolescents (11–20 years) with obesity and biopsy-confirmed MASLD (<i>n</i> = 47), and peers without MASLD but with obesity (Ob; <i>n</i> = 28), or normal weight (NW; <i>n</i> = 29).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>oxHDL was 27% higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the MASLD group (mean ± SD: 11.9 ± 4.7 ng/mL) compared to the Ob group (9.3 ± 3.7 ng/mL, <i>p</i> < 0.05) but only 7% higher than the NW group (11.1 ± 3.8 ng/mL, <i>p</i> > 0.05). However, HDL-C was 19% and 32% lower in the MASLD group than in the Ob and NW groups, respectively. Thus, oxHDL/HDL-C ratio was 55% and 66% higher in MASLD compared to the Ob group (<i>p</i> < 0.004) and the NW group (<i>p</i> < 0.001), respectively. oxLDL (52.4 ± 16.0, 46.7 ± 10.1 and 47.1 ± 15.2 U/L for MASLD, Ob and NW, respectively), LDL-C and the oxLDL/LDL-C ratio did not differ among groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The elevated oxHDL and oxHDL/HDL-C in adolescents with MASLD compared to peers with Ob or NW suggests that there is some oxidative stress in MASLD independent of obesity and potential for increased CVD risk in the future.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142826851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Angela C. B. Trude, Lauren B. Covington, Bridget Armstrong, Gabriela M. Vedovato, Maureen M. Black
Background
Cross-sectional research has suggested associations between diet, sleep and obesity, with sparse longitudinal research.
Objectives
To identify longitudinal mechanistic associations between sleep, diet and obesity.
Methods
We used longitudinal data from a sample of Black adolescent girls. At T1 (enrolment), 6 months (T2) and 18 months (T3), we estimated sleep duration and quality (7-day accelerometry), diet quality (Healthy Eating Index [HEI-2020]) and body mass z-scores (zBMI) from measured height and weight. Longitudinal mediation using structural equation models examined the mechanistic roles of sleep, diet quality and zBMI.
Results
At enrolment, girls (n = 441) were mean age 12.2 years (±0.71), 48.3% had overweight/obesity, and mean HEI 55.8 (±7.49). The association between sleep and diet quality did not vary over time. Sleep duration at T1 was not associated with diet quality at T2 nor was diet associated with zBMI at T3. The bootstrapped indirect effect was not significant. Sleep quality at T1 was not associated with diet quality at T2 nor was diet associated with zBMI at T3. The bootstrapped indirect effect was not significant.
Conclusions
Diet was not a mediator between sleep and obesity. Study strengths are the longitudinal design and direct measures of sleep and zBMI among a homogeneous sample.
{"title":"Assessing the longitudinal association between sleep, diet quality and BMI z-score among Black adolescent girls","authors":"Angela C. B. Trude, Lauren B. Covington, Bridget Armstrong, Gabriela M. Vedovato, Maureen M. Black","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13189","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13189","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-sectional research has suggested associations between diet, sleep and obesity, with sparse longitudinal research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To identify longitudinal mechanistic associations between sleep, diet and obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used longitudinal data from a sample of Black adolescent girls. At T1 (enrolment), 6 months (T2) and 18 months (T3), we estimated sleep duration and quality (7-day accelerometry), diet quality (Healthy Eating Index [HEI-2020]) and body mass <i>z</i>-scores (zBMI) from measured height and weight. Longitudinal mediation using structural equation models examined the mechanistic roles of sleep, diet quality and zBMI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At enrolment, girls (<i>n</i> = 441) were mean age 12.2 years (±0.71), 48.3% had overweight/obesity, and mean HEI 55.8 (±7.49). The association between sleep and diet quality did not vary over time. Sleep duration at T1 was not associated with diet quality at T2 nor was diet associated with zBMI at T3. The bootstrapped indirect effect was not significant. Sleep quality at T1 was not associated with diet quality at T2 nor was diet associated with zBMI at T3. The bootstrapped indirect effect was not significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diet was not a mediator between sleep and obesity. Study strengths are the longitudinal design and direct measures of sleep and zBMI among a homogeneous sample.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号