Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is understudied among US adolescents despite rising obesity rates.
Methods
This study analysed the prevalence and trends of obesity and MASLD among US adolescents aged 12–17 using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We developed a new screening model utilizing FibroScan-measured controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) scores, body measurements and blood chemistry data from 2017 to 2020 to assist in analysing MASLD trends from 1999 to 2020.
Results
Between 2017 and 2020, the prevalence of obesity and MASLD was approximately 20%, with about 70% of obese adolescents affected by MASLD. The condition was more common in boys, particularly among Mexican American adolescents. Additionally, 97.2% of those with NAFLD also had MASLD. Adolescents with MASLD had significantly higher body weight, waist circumference, triglyceride levels and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, along with lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and an increased risk of liver fibrosis. Insufficient physical activity and poor diet quality were key risk factors for developing MASLD. From 1999 to 2020, the prevalence of MASLD rose significantly, paralleling the increasing rates of obesity.
Conclusions
The study underscores the pressing need to screen at-risk adolescents for metabolic issues associated with steatotic liver diseases, given the rising obesity rates among adolescents. The high overlap between MASLD and NAFLD diagnoses indicates that the transition from NAFLD to MASLD can be effectively integrated into paediatric practice.
{"title":"Recent prevalence and trends of obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) among US adolescents: 1999 to 2020","authors":"Michael Sun, Hongbing Sun","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is understudied among US adolescents despite rising obesity rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study analysed the prevalence and trends of obesity and MASLD among US adolescents aged 12–17 using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We developed a new screening model utilizing FibroScan-measured controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) scores, body measurements and blood chemistry data from 2017 to 2020 to assist in analysing MASLD trends from 1999 to 2020.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between 2017 and 2020, the prevalence of obesity and MASLD was approximately 20%, with about 70% of obese adolescents affected by MASLD. The condition was more common in boys, particularly among Mexican American adolescents. Additionally, 97.2% of those with NAFLD also had MASLD. Adolescents with MASLD had significantly higher body weight, waist circumference, triglyceride levels and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, along with lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and an increased risk of liver fibrosis. Insufficient physical activity and poor diet quality were key risk factors for developing MASLD. From 1999 to 2020, the prevalence of MASLD rose significantly, paralleling the increasing rates of obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study underscores the pressing need to screen at-risk adolescents for metabolic issues associated with steatotic liver diseases, given the rising obesity rates among adolescents. The high overlap between MASLD and NAFLD diagnoses indicates that the transition from NAFLD to MASLD can be effectively integrated into paediatric practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rasmus Møller Jørgensen, Jens Meldgaard Bruun, Mette Fogh, Iris Iglesia Altaba, Luis A. Moreno, Henrik Støvring, Jane Nautrup Østergaard
Introduction
Limited insight exists into the weight development in children with obesity not receiving obesity treatment.
Methods
This cohort study included 467 Danish children aged 5–10 years with obesity (iso-BMI >30 kg/m2) not receiving treatment. Data from mandatory health check-ups on school-children's height and weight (converted to BMI z-scores) were merged with the Danish National Registries. A multivariable logistic regression weighted for the duration of follow-up was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) for normalization of BMI (iso-BMI 18.5–25 kg/m2) and obesity remission (iso-BMI 18.5–30 kg/m2).
Results
During a median follow-up of more than 6 years, 7.9% of the children normalized their BMI, while 45.4% obtained obesity remission. BMI z-score at inclusion acted as a strong inverse predictor for normalizing BMI (OR 0.14 per one-unit SD, CI: 0.03–0.53) and for obesity remission (OR 0.17 per one-unit SD, CI: 0.08–0.37). No other significant predictors were observed in the weighted multivariable models.
Conclusion
Higher BMI z-scores inversely predict normalizing BMI and achieving obesity remission in untreated children. Given that many children naturally achieve obesity remission or weight normalization, resources should focus on understanding barriers of obesity maintenance and to develop effective strategies for those who do not experience improvement.
{"title":"Weight development in children with obesity without treatment: A Danish cohort study with long-term follow-up","authors":"Rasmus Møller Jørgensen, Jens Meldgaard Bruun, Mette Fogh, Iris Iglesia Altaba, Luis A. Moreno, Henrik Støvring, Jane Nautrup Østergaard","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70001","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Limited insight exists into the weight development in children with obesity not receiving obesity treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cohort study included 467 Danish children aged 5–10 years with obesity (iso-BMI >30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) not receiving treatment. Data from mandatory health check-ups on school-children's height and weight (converted to BMI <i>z</i>-scores) were merged with the Danish National Registries. A multivariable logistic regression weighted for the duration of follow-up was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) for normalization of BMI (iso-BMI 18.5–25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) and obesity remission (iso-BMI 18.5–30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During a median follow-up of more than 6 years, 7.9% of the children normalized their BMI, while 45.4% obtained obesity remission. BMI <i>z</i>-score at inclusion acted as a strong inverse predictor for normalizing BMI (OR 0.14 per one-unit SD, CI: 0.03–0.53) and for obesity remission (OR 0.17 per one-unit SD, CI: 0.08–0.37). No other significant predictors were observed in the weighted multivariable models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher BMI <i>z</i>-scores inversely predict normalizing BMI and achieving obesity remission in untreated children. Given that many children naturally achieve obesity remission or weight normalization, resources should focus on understanding barriers of obesity maintenance and to develop effective strategies for those who do not experience improvement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143187539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I Gusti Ngurah Edi Putra, Michael Daly, Eric Robinson
Background
There is limited evidence on how changes in obesity from childhood to adolescence are associated with adolescent mental health. We examined the associations between childhood obesity trajectories, obesity episodes, and mental health at age 17.
Methods
Data were from the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Obesity trajectory groups at ages 7 and 17 (n = 8306) and previous obesity episodes (number of sweeps with obesity) at ages 7, 11 and 14 (n = 7246) were examined. Caregiver and self-reported internalising and externalising symptoms at age 17 were used to measure mental health. Linear regression models were used.
Results
Relative to never developing obesity, obesity development (β = 1.01; 95% CI = 0.71, 1.32) and persistence (β = 1.18; 95% CI = 0.74, 1.61) were associated with higher internalising symptoms at age 17 and worsening (increase in scores) of these symptoms between ages 7 and 17 (β = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.57, 1.17 and β = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.56, 1.26 for development and persistence, respectively). Obesity development was associated with higher externalising symptoms at age 17 (β = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.25, 0.80) and worsening of these symptoms over time (β = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.07, 0.53). Having multiple past obesity episodes was not associated with worsening mental health independent of follow-up weight status. There were no differences in mental health outcomes between children who reversed versus never developed obesity.
Conclusions
Obesity development or persistence from ages 7 to 17 are associated with worsening mental health. If childhood obesity is reversed, there appears to be no evidence of a negative association between previous obesity and mental health at age 17.
背景：关于儿童期到青春期肥胖变化如何与青少年心理健康相关的证据有限。我们研究了儿童肥胖轨迹、肥胖发作和17岁时心理健康之间的关系。方法：数据来自英国千禧年队列研究。研究人员检查了7岁和17岁时的肥胖轨迹组（n = 8306）和7岁、11岁和14岁时的既往肥胖事件（伴随肥胖的扫描次数）（n = 7246）。17岁时的照顾者和自我报告的内化和外化症状被用来衡量心理健康。采用线性回归模型。结果：相对于从未发生肥胖，肥胖发生(β = 1.01；95% CI = 0.71, 1.32)和持久性(β = 1.18；95% CI = 0.74, 1.61)与17岁时较高的内化症状和7 - 17岁期间这些症状的恶化（评分增加）相关(β = 0.87；95% CI = 0.57, 1.17, β = 0.86；发育和持续性的95% CI分别为0.56和1.26)。肥胖发展与17岁时较高的外化症状相关(β = 0.52；95% CI = 0.25, 0.80)以及这些症状随时间的恶化(β = 0.30；95% ci = 0.07, 0.53)。既往多次肥胖与心理健康恶化无关，与后续体重状况无关。逆转肥胖和从未发生肥胖的儿童在心理健康结果上没有差异。结论：7 - 17岁肥胖的发展或持续与心理健康恶化有关。如果儿童期肥胖得到逆转，似乎没有证据表明以前的肥胖与17岁时的心理健康之间存在负相关。
{"title":"Childhood obesity trajectories and adolescent mental health: A UK cohort study","authors":"I Gusti Ngurah Edi Putra, Michael Daly, Eric Robinson","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13206","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13206","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is limited evidence on how changes in obesity from childhood to adolescence are associated with adolescent mental health. We examined the associations between childhood obesity trajectories, obesity episodes, and mental health at age 17.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were from the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Obesity trajectory groups at ages 7 and 17 (<i>n</i> = 8306) and previous obesity episodes (number of sweeps with obesity) at ages 7, 11 and 14 (<i>n</i> = 7246) were examined. Caregiver and self-reported internalising and externalising symptoms at age 17 were used to measure mental health. Linear regression models were used.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Relative to never developing obesity, obesity development (<i>β</i> = 1.01; 95% CI = 0.71, 1.32) and persistence (<i>β</i> = 1.18; 95% CI = 0.74, 1.61) were associated with higher internalising symptoms at age 17 and worsening (increase in scores) of these symptoms between ages 7 and 17 (<i>β</i> = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.57, 1.17 and <i>β</i> = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.56, 1.26 for development and persistence, respectively). Obesity development was associated with higher externalising symptoms at age 17 (<i>β</i> = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.25, 0.80) and worsening of these symptoms over time (<i>β</i> = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.07, 0.53). Having multiple past obesity episodes was not associated with worsening mental health independent of follow-up weight status. There were no differences in mental health outcomes between children who reversed versus never developed obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity development or persistence from ages 7 to 17 are associated with worsening mental health. If childhood obesity is reversed, there appears to be no evidence of a negative association between previous obesity and mental health at age 17.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143062808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucia V. Torres-Lopez, Abel Plaza-Florido, Jose J. Gil-Cosano, Jairo H. Migueles, Francisco B. Ortega, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez
Objectives
To investigate the association of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) severity with cardiometabolic and inflammatory markers independently of the adiposity levels; and to explore the role of cardiorespiratory fitness in these associations in children with overweight/obesity.
Methods
A total of 109 children aged 8–11 years with overweight/obesity were included in this cross-sectional study. SDB was assessed using a scale of the reduce version of the Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire. Cardiometabolic markers included fasting blood lipids biomarkers (i.e., low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides), blood pressure, insulin, glucose, and the homeostatic model assessment index. Inflammatory markers (i.e., interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, C-reactive protein [CRP], and tumour necrosis factor alpha) were analysed. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by the 20 m shuttle-run test.
Results
No significant associations were found between SDB severity and most of the cardiometabolic markers after correcting for adiposity and multiple comparisons (all p's >0.05). SDB severity was positively related to CRP (β = 0.352, p = 0.002), yet not with the remaining inflammatory markers analysed. The interaction effect of cardiorespiratory fitness presented a positive trend in the association of SDB with CRP (p = 0.1). When stratified analyses by cardiorespiratory fitness levels were conducted, a positive relation was found between SDB and CRP in the low cardiorespiratory fitness group (β = 0.465, p = 0.014), but not in the high cardiorespiratory fitness group (β = 0.236, p = 0.108).
Conclusion
SDB severity was positively associated with CRP independently of the adiposity levels, but not with other inflammatory or cardiometabolic risk factors in children with overweight/obesity. Moreover, our results suggest that higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness may attenuate the adverse effect of SDB severity on systematic inflammation in children with overweight/obesity.
目的：探讨睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB）严重程度与独立于肥胖水平的心脏代谢和炎症指标的关系；并探讨在超重/肥胖儿童中，心肺健康在这些关联中的作用。方法：本横断面研究共纳入109例8-11岁超重/肥胖儿童。使用儿科睡眠问卷的简化版量表评估SDB。心脏代谢标志物包括空腹血脂生物标志物（即低、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯）、血压、胰岛素、葡萄糖和稳态模型评估指标。分析炎症标志物（即白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-1β、c反应蛋白[CRP]和肿瘤坏死因子α）。采用20米穿梭跑试验评价心肺功能。结果：校正肥胖和多重比较后，SDB严重程度与大多数心脏代谢指标之间无显著相关性（p < 0.05）。SDB严重程度与CRP呈正相关（β = 0.352, p = 0.002），但与其余炎症标志物分析无关。在心肺适能的交互作用下，SDB与CRP呈正相关（p = 0.1）。按心肺适能水平分层分析时，低心肺适能组SDB与CRP呈正相关（β = 0.465, p = 0.014），高心肺适能组不呈正相关（β = 0.236, p = 0.108）。结论：在超重/肥胖儿童中，SDB严重程度与CRP呈正相关，独立于肥胖水平，但与其他炎症或心脏代谢危险因素无关。此外，我们的研究结果表明，较高的心肺健康水平可能会减轻SDB严重程度对超重/肥胖儿童系统性炎症的不利影响。
{"title":"Sleep-disordered breathing and cardiometabolic and inflammatory markers in children with overweight/obesity: The role of cardiorespiratory fitness","authors":"Lucia V. Torres-Lopez, Abel Plaza-Florido, Jose J. Gil-Cosano, Jairo H. Migueles, Francisco B. Ortega, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13207","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13207","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the association of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) severity with cardiometabolic and inflammatory markers independently of the adiposity levels; and to explore the role of cardiorespiratory fitness in these associations in children with overweight/obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 109 children aged 8–11 years with overweight/obesity were included in this cross-sectional study. SDB was assessed using a scale of the reduce version of the Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire. Cardiometabolic markers included fasting blood lipids biomarkers (i.e., low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides), blood pressure, insulin, glucose, and the homeostatic model assessment index. Inflammatory markers (i.e., interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, C-reactive protein [CRP], and tumour necrosis factor alpha) were analysed. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by the 20 m shuttle-run test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No significant associations were found between SDB severity and most of the cardiometabolic markers after correcting for adiposity and multiple comparisons (all <i>p</i>'s >0.05). SDB severity was positively related to CRP (<i>β</i> = 0.352, <i>p</i> = 0.002), yet not with the remaining inflammatory markers analysed. The interaction effect of cardiorespiratory fitness presented a positive trend in the association of SDB with CRP (<i>p</i> = 0.1). When stratified analyses by cardiorespiratory fitness levels were conducted, a positive relation was found between SDB and CRP in the low cardiorespiratory fitness group (<i>β</i> = 0.465, <i>p</i> = 0.014), but not in the high cardiorespiratory fitness group (<i>β</i> = 0.236, <i>p</i> = 0.108).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SDB severity was positively associated with CRP independently of the adiposity levels, but not with other inflammatory or cardiometabolic risk factors in children with overweight/obesity. Moreover, our results suggest that higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness may attenuate the adverse effect of SDB severity on systematic inflammation in children with overweight/obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142997132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Georgios K. Baxevanis, Iris Iglesia, Miguel Seral-Cortes, Sergio Sabroso-Lasa, Paloma Flores-Barrantes, Frédéric Gottrand, Aline Meirhaeghe, Anthony Kafatos, Kurt Widhalm, Nele Hockamp, Dénes Molnár, Ascensión Marcos, Esther Nova, Marcela González-Gross, Eva Gesteiro, Ángel Gutiérrez, Yannis Manios, Costas A. Anastasiou, Gerardo Rodríguez, Luis A. Moreno, the HELENA Study Group
Background
Although the genetic interplay with the environment has a major impact on obesity development, little is known on whether breastfeeding could modulate the genetic predisposition to obesity.
Objectives
To investigate whether breastfeeding attenuates the effect of an obesity genetic risk score (GRS) on adiposity in European adolescents.
Methods
Totally 751 adolescents from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) cross-sectional study were included, divided according to breastfeeding status into never breastfed, 1–3 months and ≥4 months. Adjusting by socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors multiple linear regression models were used to assess (1) the main effect of breastfeeding duration and (2) its interaction effect with an obesity GRS, to predict different adiposity measures.
Results
A significant negative association between ≥4 months of breastfeeding and waist circumference (WC) z-score was observed [β (95% confidence interval), p-value] = [β = −0.189 (−0.37, −0.00), p = 0.044]. Also, significant interaction effects were observed for 1–3 and ≥4 months of breastfeeding and obesity GRS regarding body mass index (BMI) z-score [β = 0.155 (0.06, 0.24), p = 0.001] and [β = 0.108 (0.01, 0.18), p = 0.020, respectively] and fat mass index (FMI) z-score [β = 0.134 (0.04, 0.22), p = 0.003] and [β = 0.100 (0.01, 0.18), p = 0.026, respectively].
Conclusions
Breastfeeding modulates the association between the obesity GRS and body composition in adolescents.
背景：虽然遗传与环境的相互作用对肥胖的发展有重大影响，但母乳喂养是否能调节肥胖的遗传易感性尚不清楚。目的：研究母乳喂养是否会减弱欧洲青少年肥胖遗传风险评分（GRS）对肥胖的影响。方法：采用欧洲青少年营养健康生活方式（HELENA）横断面研究纳入751名青少年，按母乳喂养状况分为从不母乳喂养、1-3个月和≥4个月。经社会经济地位和生活方式因素调整后，采用多元线性回归模型评估(1)母乳喂养时间的主要影响以及(2)其与肥胖GRS的交互作用，以预测不同的肥胖措施。结果：≥4个月母乳喂养与腰围（WC） z-score呈显著负相关[β（95%可信区间），p值]= [β = -0.189 (-0.37, -0.00), p = 0.044]。此外，1-3个月和≥4个月母乳喂养与肥胖GRS在体重指数（BMI） z-score [β = 0.155 (0.06, 0.24), p = 0.001]和脂肪质量指数（FMI） z-score [β = 0.134 (0.04, 0.22), p = 0.003]和[β = 0.100 (0.01, 0.18), p = 0.026]方面存在显著交互作用。结论：母乳喂养调节了青少年肥胖GRS与体成分的关系。
{"title":"Interaction between breastfeeding duration and an obesity genetic risk score to predict body fat composition in European adolescents: The HELENA study","authors":"Georgios K. Baxevanis, Iris Iglesia, Miguel Seral-Cortes, Sergio Sabroso-Lasa, Paloma Flores-Barrantes, Frédéric Gottrand, Aline Meirhaeghe, Anthony Kafatos, Kurt Widhalm, Nele Hockamp, Dénes Molnár, Ascensión Marcos, Esther Nova, Marcela González-Gross, Eva Gesteiro, Ángel Gutiérrez, Yannis Manios, Costas A. Anastasiou, Gerardo Rodríguez, Luis A. Moreno, the HELENA Study Group","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13205","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13205","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although the genetic interplay with the environment has a major impact on obesity development, little is known on whether breastfeeding could modulate the genetic predisposition to obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate whether breastfeeding attenuates the effect of an obesity genetic risk score (GRS) on adiposity in European adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Totally 751 adolescents from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) cross-sectional study were included, divided according to breastfeeding status into never breastfed, 1–3 months and ≥4 months. Adjusting by socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors multiple linear regression models were used to assess (1) the main effect of breastfeeding duration and (2) its interaction effect with an obesity GRS, to predict different adiposity measures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A significant negative association between ≥4 months of breastfeeding and waist circumference (WC) z-score was observed [β (95% confidence interval), <i>p</i>-value] = [β = −0.189 (−0.37, −0.00), <i>p</i> = 0.044]. Also, significant interaction effects were observed for 1–3 and ≥4 months of breastfeeding and obesity GRS regarding body mass index (BMI) z-score [β = 0.155 (0.06, 0.24), <i>p</i> = 0.001] and [β = 0.108 (0.01, 0.18), <i>p</i> = 0.020, respectively] and fat mass index (FMI) z-score [β = 0.134 (0.04, 0.22), <i>p</i> = 0.003] and [β = 0.100 (0.01, 0.18), <i>p</i> = 0.026, respectively].</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Breastfeeding modulates the association between the obesity GRS and body composition in adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142997128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna M. Dieberger, Mireille N. M. van Poppel, Gernot Desoye, David Simmons, Jürgen Harreiter, Roland Devlieger, Carmen Medina, Deborah A. Lawlor, Ahmed Elhakeem, the DALI core investigator group
Background
Obesity during pregnancy is related to fetal overgrowth. Effective interventions that can mitigate this risk are needed.
Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the effect of a lifestyle intervention for pregnant women with obesity on fetal growth trajectories.
Methods
In the DALI trial, pregnant women with a body mass index ≥29.0 kg/m2 and without gestational diabetes at baseline were randomized to counselling on physical activity (PA), healthy eating (HE) or a combination (PA + HE), or to usual care (UC). Fetal growth trajectories were modelled based on a combination of estimated fetal weight (EFW) from repeated ultrasound scans and weight measured at birth. Differences in fetal growth trajectories between groups were assessed.
Results
Three hundred eighty-four women were included. Those in the PA + HE intervention had slower EFW gain from 32 weeks onwards, with differences (PA + HE vs. UC) at 32, 36 and 40 weeks of −54.1 g (−146.7 to 38.9 g), −84.9 g (−194.0 to 24.7 g), and −99.8 g (−227.1 to 28.1 g), respectively. Effects appeared stronger in males, with a difference at 40 weeks of −185.8 g (−362.5 g to −9.2 g) versus −23.4 g (−190.4 g to 143.5 g) in females.
Conclusions
A lifestyle intervention for pregnant women with obesity resulted in attenuated fetal growth, which only reached significance in male offspring. Future larger trials are needed to confirm these findings and elucidate underlying pathways.
{"title":"Effect of a physical activity and healthy eating lifestyle intervention in pregnancy on fetal growth trajectories: The DALI randomised controlled trial","authors":"Anna M. Dieberger, Mireille N. M. van Poppel, Gernot Desoye, David Simmons, Jürgen Harreiter, Roland Devlieger, Carmen Medina, Deborah A. Lawlor, Ahmed Elhakeem, the DALI core investigator group","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13199","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13199","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity during pregnancy is related to fetal overgrowth. Effective interventions that can mitigate this risk are needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the effect of a lifestyle intervention for pregnant women with obesity on fetal growth trajectories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the DALI trial, pregnant women with a body mass index ≥29.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup> and without gestational diabetes at baseline were randomized to counselling on physical activity (PA), healthy eating (HE) or a combination (PA + HE), or to usual care (UC). Fetal growth trajectories were modelled based on a combination of estimated fetal weight (EFW) from repeated ultrasound scans and weight measured at birth. Differences in fetal growth trajectories between groups were assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three hundred eighty-four women were included. Those in the PA + HE intervention had slower EFW gain from 32 weeks onwards, with differences (PA + HE vs. UC) at 32, 36 and 40 weeks of −54.1 g (−146.7 to 38.9 g), −84.9 g (−194.0 to 24.7 g), and −99.8 g (−227.1 to 28.1 g), respectively. Effects appeared stronger in males, with a difference at 40 weeks of −185.8 g (−362.5 g to −9.2 g) versus −23.4 g (−190.4 g to 143.5 g) in females.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A lifestyle intervention for pregnant women with obesity resulted in attenuated fetal growth, which only reached significance in male offspring. Future larger trials are needed to confirm these findings and elucidate underlying pathways.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13199","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142997124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachael W. Taylor, Barbara C. Galland, Anne-Louise M. Heath, Andrew R. Gray, Kim A. Meredith-Jones, Sarah A. Fortune, Trudy A. Sullivan, Taiwo Adebowale, Deborah McIntosh, Rosie F. Jackson, Barry J. Taylor
Objective
To determine whether BMI differences observed at 5 years of age, from early intervention in infancy, remained apparent at 11 years.
Methods
Participants (n = 734) from the original randomized controlled trial (n = 802) underwent measures of body mass index (BMI), body composition (DXA), sleep and physical activity (24-h accelerometry, questionnaire), diet (repeated 24-h recalls), screen time (daily diaries), wellbeing (CHU-9D, WHO-5), and family functioning (McMaster FAD) around their 11th birthday. Following multiple imputation, regression models explored the effects of two interventions (‘Sleep’ vs. ‘Food, Activity and Breastfeeding’ [FAB]) using a 2 × 2 factorial design.
Results
Five hundred twelve children (48% female, mean [SD] age 11.1 [0.1] years) returned for the 11-year assessment (63% of original sample). Significant differences in BMI z-score (mean difference; 95% CI: −0.16; −0.41, 0.08) or the risk of overweight (including obesity) (odds ratio; 95% CI: 0.85; 0.56, 1.29) were no longer observed between children who had received the sleep intervention compared with those who had not. By contrast, children who had received the FAB intervention had greater BMI z-scores (0.24; 0.01, 0.47) and a higher risk of obesity (1.56; 1.03, 2.36) than children not enrolled in FAB. No significant differences were observed in any lifestyle variables nor wellbeing measures across all groups.
Conclusions
Sustained reductions in BMI and obesity risk from an early sleep intervention were not apparent 9 years later, whereas a more traditional lifestyle intervention resulted in increased rates of obesity, not explained by any differences in lifestyle behaviours measured.
Clinical Trial Registry
ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00892983, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00892983.
{"title":"Long-term follow-up of the impact of brief sleep and lifestyle interventions in infancy on BMI z-score at 11 years of age: The POI randomized controlled trial","authors":"Rachael W. Taylor, Barbara C. Galland, Anne-Louise M. Heath, Andrew R. Gray, Kim A. Meredith-Jones, Sarah A. Fortune, Trudy A. Sullivan, Taiwo Adebowale, Deborah McIntosh, Rosie F. Jackson, Barry J. Taylor","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13204","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13204","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine whether BMI differences observed at 5 years of age, from early intervention in infancy, remained apparent at 11 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants (<i>n</i> = 734) from the original randomized controlled trial (<i>n</i> = 802) underwent measures of body mass index (BMI), body composition (DXA), sleep and physical activity (24-h accelerometry, questionnaire), diet (repeated 24-h recalls), screen time (daily diaries), wellbeing (CHU-9D, WHO-5), and family functioning (McMaster FAD) around their 11th birthday. Following multiple imputation, regression models explored the effects of two interventions (‘Sleep’ vs. ‘Food, Activity and Breastfeeding’ [FAB]) using a 2 × 2 factorial design.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five hundred twelve children (48% female, mean [SD] age 11.1 [0.1] years) returned for the 11-year assessment (63% of original sample). Significant differences in BMI <i>z</i>-score (mean difference; 95% CI: −0.16; −0.41, 0.08) or the risk of overweight (including obesity) (odds ratio; 95% CI: 0.85; 0.56, 1.29) were no longer observed between children who had received the sleep intervention compared with those who had not. By contrast, children who had received the FAB intervention had greater BMI <i>z</i>-scores (0.24; 0.01, 0.47) and a higher risk of obesity (1.56; 1.03, 2.36) than children not enrolled in FAB. No significant differences were observed in any lifestyle variables nor wellbeing measures across all groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sustained reductions in BMI and obesity risk from an early sleep intervention were not apparent 9 years later, whereas a more traditional lifestyle intervention resulted in increased rates of obesity, not explained by any differences in lifestyle behaviours measured.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Trial Registry</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00892983, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00892983.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142997131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Henderson, S. A. Moore, S. Harnois-Leblanc, B. C. Johnston, D. Fitzpatrick-Lewis, A. M. Usman, D. Sherifali, R. Merdad, A. M. Rigsby, Z. Esmaeilinezhad, K. M. Morrison, J. Hamilton, G. D. C. Ball, C. S. Birken, the Steering Committee for Updating Canada's Clinical Practice Guideline for Managing Pediatric Obesity
Objective
Conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of behavioural and psychological interventions for managing paediatric obesity.
Methods
Eligible studies, published between 1985 and 2022, included 0 to 18 year olds with outcomes reported ≥3 months post-baseline, including patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), cardiometabolic and anthropometric outcomes, and adverse events (AEs). We pooled data using a random effects model and assessed certainty of evidence (CoE) related to minimally important difference estimates for outcomes using GRADE.
Results
We included 73 unique RCTs (n = 6305 participants, 53% female). Intervention types included physical activity (n = 1437), nutrition (n = 447), psychological (n = 1336), technology-based (n = 901) or multicomponent (≥2 intervention types, n = 2184). Physical activity had a small effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), varying effects ranging from moderate to very large on blood pressure, lipids and insulin resistance, and a small effect on BMIz. Nutrition had a small effect on lipids, insulin resistance and BMIz. Psychological interventions showed a small effect on HRQoL and triglycerides and moderate benefits on depressive symptoms, while technology interventions showed small benefits on blood pressure and BMIz. Multicomponent interventions had a large benefit on anxiety, small benefit on depressive symptoms, with large to very large benefits on lipids, and small benefits for diastolic blood pressure, insulin resistance and BMIz. AEs were reported infrequently, and when reported, were described as mild.
Conclusion
Physical activity and multicomponent interventions showed improvements in PROMs, cardiometabolic and anthropometric outcomes. Future trials should consistently measure PROMs, evaluate outcomes beyond the intervention period, and study children <6 years of age.
{"title":"Effectiveness of behavioural and psychological interventions for managing obesity in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis framed using minimal important difference estimates based on GRADE guidance to inform a clinical practice guideline","authors":"M. Henderson, S. A. Moore, S. Harnois-Leblanc, B. C. Johnston, D. Fitzpatrick-Lewis, A. M. Usman, D. Sherifali, R. Merdad, A. M. Rigsby, Z. Esmaeilinezhad, K. M. Morrison, J. Hamilton, G. D. C. Ball, C. S. Birken, the Steering Committee for Updating Canada's Clinical Practice Guideline for Managing Pediatric Obesity","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13193","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13193","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of behavioural and psychological interventions for managing paediatric obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eligible studies, published between 1985 and 2022, included 0 to 18 year olds with outcomes reported ≥3 months post-baseline, including patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), cardiometabolic and anthropometric outcomes, and adverse events (AEs). We pooled data using a random effects model and assessed certainty of evidence (CoE) related to minimally important difference estimates for outcomes using GRADE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 73 unique RCTs (<i>n</i> = 6305 participants, 53% female). Intervention types included physical activity (<i>n</i> = 1437), nutrition (<i>n</i> = 447), psychological (<i>n</i> = 1336), technology-based (<i>n</i> = 901) or multicomponent (≥2 intervention types, <i>n</i> = 2184). Physical activity had a small effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), varying effects ranging from moderate to very large on blood pressure, lipids and insulin resistance, and a small effect on BMIz. Nutrition had a small effect on lipids, insulin resistance and BMIz. Psychological interventions showed a small effect on HRQoL and triglycerides and moderate benefits on depressive symptoms, while technology interventions showed small benefits on blood pressure and BMIz. Multicomponent interventions had a large benefit on anxiety, small benefit on depressive symptoms, with large to very large benefits on lipids, and small benefits for diastolic blood pressure, insulin resistance and BMIz. AEs were reported infrequently, and when reported, were described as mild.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Physical activity and multicomponent interventions showed improvements in PROMs, cardiometabolic and anthropometric outcomes. Future trials should consistently measure PROMs, evaluate outcomes beyond the intervention period, and study children <6 years of age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13193","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142997126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Studies on how birth body mass index (BMI) affects health outcomes in preterm infants are relatively limited.
Aim
To analyze the association between BMI at birth and neonatal health outcomes in extremely low and very low birth weight preterm infants in China.
Methods
Used data from the Chinese Premature Infant Informatization Platform (2022–2023). Preterm infants were categorized based on their birth BMI z-scores into three groups: low BMI group (< −2), normal BMI group (−2 to 2) and high BMI group (>2). The relationship between BMI and neonatal health outcomes was then analyzed.
Results
The final analysis included 1662 extremely low and very low birth weight preterm infants. The results indicated that low BMI was significantly associated with an increased risk of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) (AOR 1.61, 95% CI 1.31–2.30), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (AOR 1.34, 95% CI 1.00–1.80) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) (AOR 1.57, 95% CI 1.01–2.42). High BMI was significantly associated with an increased risk of RDS (AOR 1.60, 95% CI 1.05–2.45).
Conclusions
BMI at birth is significantly associated with the risks of RDS, BPD and NEC in ELBW and VLBW, highlighting the importance of monitoring BMI as an additional risk predictor in a population of neonates already at high risk for adverse outcomes.
背景：关于出生体重指数（BMI）如何影响早产儿健康结局的研究相对有限。目的：分析中国极低和极低出生体重早产儿出生时体重指数与新生儿健康结局的关系。方法：使用中国早产儿信息化平台（2022-2023）数据。根据早产儿出生时BMI z-score分为3组：低BMI组（< -2）、正常BMI组（-2 ~ 2）和高BMI组（bb0 2）。然后分析BMI与新生儿健康结局之间的关系。结果：最终分析了1662例极低和极低出生体重早产儿。结果显示，低BMI与呼吸窘迫综合征（RDS） （AOR 1.61, 95% CI 1.31-2.30）、支气管肺发育不良（BPD） （AOR 1.34, 95% CI 1.00-1.80）和坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC） （AOR 1.57, 95% CI 1.01-2.42）的风险增加显著相关。高BMI与RDS风险增加显著相关（AOR 1.60, 95% CI 1.05-2.45）。结论：出生时的BMI与ELBW和VLBW中RDS、BPD和NEC的风险显著相关，强调了在已经处于不良结局高风险的新生儿群体中监测BMI作为额外风险预测因子的重要性。
{"title":"Association between body mass index at birth and neonatal health outcomes in preterm infants: A retrospective analysis","authors":"Chuntian Liu, Yijia Chen, Mengqing Pan, Xiaoyu Lu, Jianhong Xu, Xiaochun Chen","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13203","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13203","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Studies on how birth body mass index (BMI) affects health outcomes in preterm infants are relatively limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To analyze the association between BMI at birth and neonatal health outcomes in extremely low and very low birth weight preterm infants in China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Used data from the Chinese Premature Infant Informatization Platform (2022–2023). Preterm infants were categorized based on their birth BMI z-scores into three groups: low BMI group (< −2), normal BMI group (−2 to 2) and high BMI group (>2). The relationship between BMI and neonatal health outcomes was then analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The final analysis included 1662 extremely low and very low birth weight preterm infants. The results indicated that low BMI was significantly associated with an increased risk of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) (AOR 1.61, 95% CI 1.31–2.30), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (AOR 1.34, 95% CI 1.00–1.80) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) (AOR 1.57, 95% CI 1.01–2.42). High BMI was significantly associated with an increased risk of RDS (AOR 1.60, 95% CI 1.05–2.45).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>BMI at birth is significantly associated with the risks of RDS, BPD and NEC in ELBW and VLBW, highlighting the importance of monitoring BMI as an additional risk predictor in a population of neonates already at high risk for adverse outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142982090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ian R. Trees, Abhisek Saha, Diane L. Putnick, Priscilla K. Clayton, Pauline Mendola, Rajeshwari Sundaram, Edwina H. Yeung
Background
Previous research observed links between prenatal air pollution and risk of childhood obesity but the timing of the exposure is understudied. Aim: We examined prenatal particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5) exposure and child anthropometry.
Materials & Methods
Children's body mass index z-scores (zBMI) at 0–3 (N = 4370) and 7–9 (n = 1191) years were derived from reported anthropometry at paediatric visits. We ran linear mixed models for six windows, adjusting for maternal, child, and neighbourhood factors.
Results
PM10 exposure across pregnancy and at multiple windows was associated with higher zBMI in both early and middle childhood. For instance, one interquartile range increase in PM10 exposure during the first 2 weeks of pregnancy was associated with higher zBMI at 0–3 (0.05, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.10) and 7–9 (0.14, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.23). PM2.5 exposure during the final 2 weeks of gestation was associated with higher zBMI at 7–9 years (B: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.22).
Conclusion
Even at low levels of air pollution, prenatal PM10 exposure was associated with higher zBMI in childhood.
{"title":"Prenatal exposure to particulates and anthropometry through 9 years of age in a birth cohort","authors":"Ian R. Trees, Abhisek Saha, Diane L. Putnick, Priscilla K. Clayton, Pauline Mendola, Rajeshwari Sundaram, Edwina H. Yeung","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13202","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13202","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous research observed links between prenatal air pollution and risk of childhood obesity but the timing of the exposure is understudied. Aim: We examined prenatal particulate matter (PM<sub>10</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub>) exposure and child anthropometry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials & Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children's body mass index <i>z</i>-scores (zBMI) at 0–3 (<i>N</i> = 4370) and 7–9 (<i>n</i> = 1191) years were derived from reported anthropometry at paediatric visits. We ran linear mixed models for six windows, adjusting for maternal, child, and neighbourhood factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PM<sub>10</sub> exposure across pregnancy and at multiple windows was associated with higher zBMI in both early and middle childhood. For instance, one interquartile range increase in PM<sub>10</sub> exposure during the first 2 weeks of pregnancy was associated with higher zBMI at 0–3 (0.05, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.10) and 7–9 (0.14, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.23). PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure during the final 2 weeks of gestation was associated with higher zBMI at 7–9 years (B: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.22).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Even at low levels of air pollution, prenatal PM<sub>10</sub> exposure was associated with higher zBMI in childhood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142941922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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